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Answer & Solutions

Mathematics
1. The matrix 𝐴 = [𝑎𝑖𝑗 ] of order 2 × 2 whose elements are given by 𝑎𝑖𝑗 = 2𝑖 − 𝑗 is____
1 0
A. [ ]
0 1
1 0
B. [ ]
3 2
1 0
C. [ ]
2 3
1 0
D. [ ]
0 1
Answer (B)
Sol.
𝑎11 = 2(1) − 1 = 1
𝑎12 = 2(1) − 2 = 0
𝑎21 = 2(2) − 1 = 3
𝑎22 = 2(2) − 2 = 2

2. Matrices A and B will be inverses of each other if and only if _____

A. AB = BA
B. AB = BA = O
C. AB = O and BA = I
D. AB = BA = I
Answer (D)
Sol.
By definition
If 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐵𝐴 = 𝐼, then 𝐴 and 𝐵 are inverse of each other

3 −5 2
3. If 𝐴 = [ ], 𝐴 − 5𝐴 𝑖𝑠 ______
−4 2
A. an identity matrix
B. a row matrix
C. a scalar matrix
D. a zero matrix
Answer (C)
Sol.
3 −5 3 −5
𝐴2 = [ ][ ]
−4 2 −4 2
9 + 20 −15 − 10
=[ ]
−12 − 8 20 + 4
29 −25
=[ ]
−20 24
15 −25
5𝐴 = [ ]
−20 10
29 − 15 −25 + 25
𝐴2 − 5𝐴 = [ ]
−20 + 20 24 − 10
14 0
=[ ] = scalar matrix
0 14
(1)
4. For a skew symmetric matrix, all the diagonal elements are
A. non-zero
B. negative numbers
C. positive numbers
D. zero
Answer (D)
Sol.
For a skew-symmetric matrix 𝐴[𝑎𝑖𝑗 ],
𝑎𝑖𝑗 = −𝑎𝑗𝑖
⇒ 𝑎𝑖𝑖 = −𝑎𝑖𝑖
⇒ 𝑎𝑖𝑖 = 0

5. If A is a square matrix such that 𝐴2 = 𝐼, then 𝐴3 + (𝐴 + 𝐼)2 − 9𝐴 − 𝐼2 = ____

A. −6𝐴 + 𝐼
B. −6𝐴
C. 6𝐴 + 𝐼
D. −6𝐴 − 𝐼
Answer (A)
Sol.
𝐴2 = 𝐼 ⇒ 𝐴3 = 𝐴
Now 𝐴3 + (𝐴 + 𝐼)2 − 9𝐴 − 𝐼2
= 𝐴3 + 𝐴2 + 2𝐴 + 𝐼2 − 9𝐴 − 𝐼2
= 𝐴 + 𝐼 + 2𝐴 + 𝐼 − 9𝐴 − 𝐼
= −6𝐴 + 𝐼

6. A, B, C are 3 matrices such that the order of A is 4 × 3 and the order of B is 4 × 5 and the order of C is 7 × 3.
Then the order of (𝐴𝑇 𝐵)𝑇 𝐶 𝑇 is _____
A. 5 × 3
B. 4 × 5
C. 5 × 7
D. 4 × 3
Answer (C)
Sol.
Order of 𝐴𝑇 is 3 × 4
Order of 𝐵 is 4 × 5
Order of 𝐴𝑇 𝐵 is 3 × 5
Order of (𝐴𝑇 𝐵)𝑇 is 5 × 3
Order of 𝐶 𝑇 is 3 × 7
Order of (𝐴𝑇 𝐵)𝑇 𝐶 𝑇 is 5 × 7

1 1 1
7. The value of | 11 10 9 | is ______
101 100 99
A. 1
B. -1
C. 2
D. 0
Answer (D)
Sol.
1 1 1
Let ∆= | 11 10 9|
101 100 99
Apply 𝐶1 → 𝐶1 − 𝐶2 then
Apply 𝐶2 → 𝐶2 − 𝐶3 we get
0 0 1
∆= |1 1 9 |
1 1 99
= 0{∵ 𝐶1 & 𝐶2 are same}

(2)
8. Given that A is a square matrix of order 3 and |𝐴| = −2, then |𝐴𝑑𝑗 𝐴| is equal to _____
A. 4
B. -2
C. -4
D. 2
Answer (A)
Sol.
For a matrix 𝑃 of order 𝑛, |𝐴𝑑𝑗 𝑃| = |𝑃|𝑛−1
⇒ |𝑎𝑑𝑗 𝐴| = |𝐴|3−1 = |𝐴|2
⇒ |𝐴𝑑𝑗 𝐴| = (−2)2 = 4

4 3
9. The determinant which is equal to | | is _____
−5 1
3 1
A. | |
2 −1
6 −5
B. | |
5 1
−6 5
C. | |
−5 1
3 4
D. | |
1 −5
Answer (C)
Sol.
4 3
| | = 4 + 15 = 19
−5 1
Now
3 1
(A): | | = −3 − 2 = −5
2 −1
6 −5
(B): | | = 6 + 25 = 31
5 1
6 5
(C): | | = −6 + 25 = 19
−5 1
3 4
(D): | | = −15 − 4 = −19
1 −5

𝑎 𝑏
10. If 𝐴 = [ ], such that 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐 ≠ 0, then 𝐴−1 =______
𝑐 𝑑
1 𝑎 𝑏
A. [ ]
𝑎𝑑−𝑏𝑐 𝑐 𝑑
1 −𝑑 𝑏
B. [ ]
𝑎𝑑−𝑏𝑐 𝑐 −𝑎
1 𝑑 −𝑏
C. [ ]
𝑎𝑑−𝑏𝑐 −𝑐 𝑎
1 𝑑 𝑏
D. [ ]
𝑎𝑑−𝑏𝑐 𝑐 𝑎
Answer (C)
Sol.
𝐶11 = 𝑑, 𝐶12 = −𝑐
𝐶21 = −𝑏 𝐶22 = 𝑎
|𝐴| = 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐
1 𝑑 −𝑐 𝑇 1 𝑑 −𝑏
⇒ 𝐴−1 = [ ] = [ ]
𝑎𝑑−𝑏𝑐 −𝑏 𝑎 𝑎𝑑−𝑏𝑐 −𝑐 𝑎

11. If R is a relation in the set, {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑} given by 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑎), (𝑏, 𝑏), (𝑐, 𝑐), (𝑑, 𝑑), (𝑎, 𝑑), (𝑎, 𝑏), (𝑑, 𝑏)}, then______
A. R is reflexive and symmetric but not transitive
B. R is reflexive and transitive but not symmetric
C. R is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive
D. R is an equivalence relation
Answer (B)
Sol.
(𝑥, 𝑥) ∈ 𝑅 ∀ 𝑥 ∈ {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑} ⇒ R is reflexive
(𝑎, 𝑑) ∈ 𝑅 but (𝑑, 𝑎) ∉ 𝑅 ⇒ R is not symmetric
(𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ 𝑅, (𝑦, 𝑧) ∈ 𝑅 ⇒ (𝑥, 𝑧) ∈ 𝑅 ∀ (𝑥, 𝑦), (𝑦, 𝑧) ⇒ R is transitive

(3)
12. The function 𝑓 ∶ 𝑁 → 𝑁 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 12 is _____
A. bijective
B. injective but not surjective
C. surjective but not injective
D. neither injective nor surjective
Answer (B)
Sol.
𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥2 )
⇒ 𝑥13 + 12 = 𝑥23 + 12
⇒ (𝑥1 − 𝑥2 )(𝑥12 + 𝑥22 + 𝑥1 𝑥2 ) = 0
⇒ 𝑥1 = 𝑥2
⇒ 𝑓(𝑥) is injective
We can observe that the least value of 𝑓(𝑥) is 13, so 1, 2….12 ∉ Range of f(x)
⇒ 𝑓(𝑥) is not surjective

13. * is a binary operation on R defined by 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 = 𝑎, 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑅, then _____

A. * is commutative but not associative
B. * is both commutative and associative
C. * is neither commutative nor associative
D. * is associative but not commutative
Answer (D)
Sol.
𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 = 𝑎
𝑏∗ 𝑎 = 𝑏
⇒ ∗ is not commutative
(𝑎 ∗ 𝑏) ∗ 𝑐 = 𝑎 ∗ 𝑐 = 𝑎
and
𝑎 ∗ (𝑏 ∗ 𝑐) = 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 = 𝑎
⇒ (𝑎 ∗ 𝑏) ∗ 𝑐 = 𝑎 ∗ (𝑏 ∗ 𝑐)
⇒ ∗ is associative

14. 𝑓 ∶ 𝑅 → 𝑅 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = cos 𝑥 and 𝑔 ∶ 𝑅 → 𝑅 is defined by 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 Then (𝑔𝑜𝑓)(𝑥) =_____
A. cos(𝑥 2 )
B. cos 2 𝑥
C. 𝑥 2 cos 𝑥
D. 𝑥 cos 𝑥
Answer (C)
Sol.
(𝑔𝑜𝑓)(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑓(𝑥))
= 𝑔(cos 𝑥) = (cos 𝑥)2 = cos2 𝑥

4 4𝑥 4
15. Let 𝑅 − {− } → 𝑅 be a function defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = , 𝑥 ≠ − . The inverse of f is the map g: Range of 𝑓 →
3 3𝑥+4 3
4
𝑅 {− } given by :
3
3𝑦
A. 𝑔(𝑦) =
3−4𝑦
4𝑦
B. 𝑔(𝑦) =
3−4𝑦
3𝑦
C. 𝑔(𝑦) =
4−3𝑦
4𝑦
D. 𝑔(𝑦) =
4−3𝑦
Answer (D)
Sol.
𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)) = 𝑥
4𝑔(𝑥)
⇒ =𝑥
3𝑔(𝑥)+4
⇒ 4 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥 𝑔(𝑥) + 4𝑥
⇒ (4 − 3𝑥)𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑥
4𝑥
⇒ 𝑔(𝑥) =
4−3𝑥
4𝑦
⇒ 𝑔(𝑦) =
4−3𝑦

(4)
 sin−1 3𝑥
16. If 𝑓 is a real function such that 𝑓(𝑥) = , 𝑥 ≠ 0 is continuous at 𝑥 = 0, then 𝑓(0) = _____
4𝑥
4
A.
3
3
B.
4
3
C. −
4
4
D. −
3
Answer (B)
Sol.
sin−1 3𝑥 sin−1 3𝑥 3 3 3
𝑓(0) = lim = lim × =1× =
𝑥→0 4𝑥 𝑥→0 3𝑥 4 4 4

17. The value of ‘𝑚’ for which the real function 𝑓 where
5𝑥 − 4 ,0 < 𝑥 ≤ 1
𝑓(𝑥) = {
4𝑥 2 + 3𝑚𝑥 , 1 < 𝑥 < 2
is continuous at every point in its domain is _______
A. 7
B. 0
C. 1
D. −1
Answer (D)
Sol.
𝑓(1) = 5(1) − 4 = 1 = lim− 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑥→1
Now lim+ 𝑓(𝑥) = lim+(4𝑥 2 + 3𝑚𝑥) = 4 + 3 𝑚
𝑥→1 𝑥→1
If 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous then
4 + 3𝑚 = 1 ⇒ 𝑚 = −1
2𝑥 if 𝑥 < 2
18. To make the real function 𝑓 continuous at 𝑥 = 2, where 𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝑘 if 𝑥 = 2 . The value of 𝑘 should be
𝑥2 if 𝑥 > 2
______
A. 2
B. −2
C. 4
D. −4
Answer (C)
Sol.
lim− 𝑓(𝑥) = lim− 2𝑥 = 2 × 2 = 4
𝑥→2 𝑥→2
lim+ 𝑓(𝑥) = lim+ 𝑥 2 = 22 = 4
𝑥→2 𝑥→2
𝑓(2) = 𝑘
If 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous at 𝑥 = 2
Then 𝑓(2) = lim 𝑓(𝑥) ⇒ 𝑘 = 4
𝑥→2

𝑎𝑥 −𝑎−𝑥
, 𝑥≠0
19. 𝑓 ∶ 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝑥 , is continuous at 𝑥 = 0 Then 𝑘 = ______
3𝑘, 𝑥=0
2
A. log 𝑎
3
−2
B. log 𝑎
3
3
C. log 𝑎
2
−3
D. log 𝑎
2
Answer (C)
Sol.
If 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous at 𝑥 = 0
Then 𝑓(0) = lim 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑥→0
𝑎𝑥 −𝑎−𝑥
⇒ 3𝑘 = lim
𝑥→0 𝑥
(𝑎𝑥 −1) (𝑎−𝑥 −1)
= lim ( − )
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥
2
= log 𝑎 − (− ln 𝑎) = 2 log 𝑎 ⇒ 𝑘 = log 𝑎
3
(5)
 𝑑2𝑦
20. If 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 log 𝑥 , then = ________
𝑑𝑥 2
A. 2 log 𝑥
B. 3 + 2 log 𝑥
C. 2 + 2 log 𝑥
D. 3 + log 𝑥
Answer (B)
Sol.
𝑑𝑦 𝑑(log 𝑥) 𝑑(𝑥 2 ) 1
= 𝑥2 + log 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 × + 2𝑥 log 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 2𝑥 log 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑2𝑦 1
= 1 + 2𝑥 × + 2 log 𝑥 = 1 + 2 + 2 log 𝑥 = 3 + 2 log 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥

𝑑𝑦
21. If 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑦 , then = ______________
𝑑𝑥
1+ 𝑒 𝑥
A.
1+ 𝑒 𝑦
1+𝑒 𝑦
B.
1+ 𝑒 𝑥
C. 1 + 𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑦
1− 𝑒 𝑥
D.
1− 𝑒 𝑦
Answer (A)
Sol.
𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑦 + 𝑒𝑦
Differentiate the above equation
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
1 + 𝑒𝑥 = + 𝑒𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
⇒ 1 + 𝑒 𝑥 = (1 + 𝑒 𝑦 )
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1+ 𝑒 𝑥
⇒ =
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑒 𝑦

4 𝑑𝑦
22. If 𝑦 = 𝑒 log 𝑥 , then at 𝑥 = −1 is _____________
𝑑𝑥
A. 𝑒
B. – 𝑒
C. 4
D. −4
Answer (B)
Sol.
4
𝑦 = 𝑒 log 𝑥 ⇒ 𝑦 = 𝑥 4
𝑑𝑦
⇒ = 4𝑥 3
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
⇒ | = 4(−1)3 = −4
𝑑𝑥 𝑥= −1

𝑑𝑦
23. If 𝑥 = 𝑎(1 − cos 𝑡 ), 𝑦 = 𝑎 (𝑡 + sin 𝑡 ) where ‘𝑡’ is the parameter and ‘𝑎’ is a constant, then ( ) = ___
𝑑𝑥 𝑡= 𝜋⁄
2
A. −1
B. 1
𝜋
C.
2
𝜋
D.
2
Answer (B)
Sol.
𝑥 = 𝑎 − 𝑎 cos 𝑡 & 𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑡 + 𝑎 sin 𝑡
𝑑𝑥
⇒ = 0 − 𝑎 (− sin 𝑡) and
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑎 + 𝑎 cos 𝑡
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦 𝑎 (1+cos 𝑡 ) 1+cos 𝑡
⇒ = =
𝑑𝑥 𝑎 sin 𝑡 sin 𝑡
𝑑𝑦 1+cos𝜋⁄2 1+0
⇒ | 𝑡= 𝜋 = = =1
𝑑𝑥 2 sin 𝜋⁄2 1

(6)
 𝑑𝑦
24. If 𝑦 = (sin 𝑥)cos 𝑥 , then = ___________
𝑑𝑥
cos 𝑥
A. (sin 𝑥) [sin 𝑥 cot 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 log(sin 𝑥)]
B. (sin 𝑥)sin 𝑥 [cos 𝑥 cot 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 log(sin 𝑥 )]
C. (sin 𝑥)cos 𝑥 [cos 𝑥 cot 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 log(sin 𝑥) ]
D. (sin 𝑥)cos 𝑥 [cos 𝑥 cot 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 log(sin 𝑥)]

Answer (C)
Sol.
log 𝑦 = cos 𝑥 log sin 𝑥
Differentiate we get
1 𝑑𝑦 1
= cos 𝑥 ( × cos 𝑥) + (− sin 𝑥) log sin 𝑥
𝑦 𝑑𝑥 sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 cos2 𝑥
⇒ = 𝑦( − sin 𝑥 log sin 𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 sin 𝑥
cos 𝑥
= (sin 𝑥) (cos 𝑥 = (sin 𝑥)cos 𝑥 (cos 𝑥 cot 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 log(sin 𝑥))

25. The derivative of 𝑦 = sec 2 (𝑥 3 ) with respect to x is ____________

A. 6𝑥 2 sec 2 (𝑥 3 ) tan(𝑥 3 )
B. 6𝑥 2 sec(𝑥) tan(𝑥)
C. 2𝑥 sec(𝑥 3 ) tan(𝑥 3 )
D. 6𝑥 2 sec(𝑥 3 ) tan(𝑥 3 )
Answer (A)
Sol.
𝑑𝑦
= 2 sec 𝑥 3 × sec 𝑥 3 tan 𝑥 3 × 3𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
= 6𝑥 2 sec 2 (𝑥 3 ) tan(𝑥 3 )

26. If 𝑥 ∈ [−1, 1], then sin−1 (−𝑥) = ____________.

A. sin−1 𝑥
B. − sin−1 𝑥
C. 𝜋 − sin−1 𝑥
D. cosec −1 𝑥
Answer (B)
Sol.
sin−1 (−𝑥) = − sin−1 𝑥
(Property)

2 7
27. tan−1 + tan−1 = ____________
11 24
−1
A. tan (1)
1
B. tan−1 ( )
2
3
C. tan−1 ( )
4
2
D. tan−1 ( )
3
Answer (B)
Sol.
2 7
tan−1 + tan−1
11 24
2 7
+
= tan−1 ( 11 24
2 7 )
1− ×
11 24
(Using property)
48+77 125 1
= tan−1 ( ) = tan−1 ( ) = tan−1 ( )
264−14 250 2

(7)
28. If 𝑦 = cos−1 𝑥, then ___________
A. 𝑥 ∈ [−1,1]; 𝑦 ∈ [0, 𝜋]
−𝜋 𝜋
B. 𝑥 ∈ ℝ; 𝑦 ∈ [ , ]
2 2
−𝜋 𝜋
C. 𝑥 ∈ [−1, 1]; 𝑦 ∈ [ , ]
2 2
𝜋
D. 𝑥 ∈ ℝ − [−1, 1]; 𝑦 ∈ [0, 𝜋] − { }
2
Answer (A)
Sol.
Domain of𝑦 = cos −1 𝑥 is [−1, 1]
And Range of 𝑦 = cos−1 𝑥 is [0, 𝜋]

5
29. The value of sec 2 [tan−1 ( )] is ___________
11
25
A.
121
96
B.
121
146
C.
121
121
D.
146
Answer (C)
Sol.
5
sec 2 [tan−1 ( )]
11
5 5 2
= 1 + tan2 [tan−1 ( )] = 1 + (tan [tan−1 ( )])
11 11
5 2 25 146
=1+( ) =1+ =
11 121 121

30. The value of 𝑃 for which the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 9𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗= 𝑖̂ + 𝑝𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ are parallel vectors is _________
2
A.
3
3
B.
2
C. 2
D. 3
Answer (A)
Sol.
3 2 9 2
⃗⃗⃗⃗| | 𝑏⃗⃗ ⇒ =
𝑎 = ⇒𝑝=
1 𝑝 3 3

31. If 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ are two-unit vectors and 𝜃 is the angle between them, then 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ is a unit vector if 𝜃 = ________
𝜋
A.
4
𝜋
B.
3
𝜋
C.
2
2𝜋
D.
3
Answer (D)
Sol.
2
|𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ | = 1
⇒ (𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗) ⋅ (𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ ) = 1
⇒ 𝑎⃗ ⋅ 𝑎⃗ + 2 𝑎⃗ ⋅ 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ ⋅ 𝑏⃗⃗ = 1
⇒ | 𝑎⃗|2 + 2 | 𝑎⃗| |𝑏⃗⃗| cos 𝜃 + |𝑏⃗⃗|2 = 1
⇒ 1 + 2(1)(1) cos 𝜃 + 1 = 1
−1 2𝜋
⇒ cos 𝜃 = ⇒𝜃=
2 3

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32. If 𝑖̂ , 𝑗̂ and 𝑘̂ are the three-unit vectors, then the vector represented by
(𝑖̂ × 𝑗̂) × 𝑖̂ + ( 𝑗̂ × 𝑘̂) × 𝑗̂ + (𝑘̂ × 𝑖̂) × 𝑘̂ = ___________
A. 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
B. 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
C. 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂
D. 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂
Answer (A)
Sol.
𝑖̂ × 𝑗̂ = 𝑘̂, 𝑗̂ × 𝑘̂ = 𝑖̂, 𝑘̂ × 𝑖̂ = 𝑗̂
Now (𝑖̂ × 𝑗̂) × 𝑖̂ + (𝑗̂ × 𝑘̂) × 𝑗̂ + (𝑘̂ × 𝑖̂) × 𝑘̂
= 𝑘̂ × 𝑖̂ + 𝑖̂ × 𝑗̂ + 𝑗̂ × 𝑘̂
= 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ + 𝑖̂ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂

33. The value of 𝜆 so that the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 2 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ , 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 2 𝑗̂ − 3 𝑘̂ , 𝑐⃗ = 3 𝑖̂ + 𝜆 𝑗̂ + 5 𝑘̂ are coplanar is

____________
A. −1
B. −2
C. −3
D. −4
Answer (D)
Sol.
If 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ & 𝑐⃗ are coplanar, then
2 −1 1
|1 2 −3| = 0
3 𝜆 5
⇒ 2(10 + 3𝜆) + 1(5 + 9) + 1 (𝜆 − 6) = 0
⇒ 20 + 6 𝜆 + 14 + 𝜆 − 6 = 0
⇒ 7 𝜆 + 28 = 0 ⇒ 𝜆 = −4

34. Let 𝑟⃗ be the position vector of an arbitrary point 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧). The cartesian form of the equation of the line
passing through two points (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 𝑧1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , 𝑧2 ) is ____________
𝑥−𝑥1 𝑦− 𝑦1 𝑧− 𝑧1
A. = =
𝑥2 −𝑥1 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑧2 − 𝑧1
𝑥−𝑥1 𝑦− 𝑦1 𝑧− 𝑧1
B. = =
𝑥2 + 𝑥1 𝑦2 + 𝑦1 𝑧2 + 𝑧1
𝑥+ 𝑥1 𝑦+ 𝑦1 𝑧+𝑧1
C. = =
𝑥2 +𝑥1 𝑦2 +𝑦1 𝑧2 +𝑧1
𝑥+ 𝑥1 𝑦+𝑦1 𝑧+𝑧1
D. = =
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑧2 − 𝑧1
Answer (A)
Sol.
Direct Formula

𝑥− 𝑥1 𝑦− 𝑦1 𝑧− 𝑧1
35. The line = = is at right angles to the plane 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶𝑧 + 𝐷 = 0 if ________________.
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
A. 𝑎𝐴 + 𝑏𝐵 + 𝑐𝐶 = 0
B. 𝑎𝐴 + 𝑏𝐵 + 𝑐𝐶 = 1
C. 𝑎𝐴 = 𝑏𝐵 = 𝑐𝐶
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
D. = =
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
Answer (D)
Sol.
Line is parallel to normal of plane
Now D.R.’s of line is 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 & D.R.’s of Normal to plane is 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
⇒ = =
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶

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36. The distance of the plane 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 6𝑧 + 2 = 0 from the origin is ____________
A. 2
B. 14
2
C.
7
2
D.
√23
Answer (C)
Sol.
Distance of (0, 0, 0) from
Plane 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 6𝑧 + 2 = 0 is
2(0)+3(0)−6(0)+2
| |
√22 + 32 +(−6)2
2
=
√4+9+36
2
=
√49
2
=
7

37. The equation of the plane passing through the intersection of the planes 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5𝑧 + 1 = 0 and
2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 − 11 = 0 and also through the origin is ___________.
A. 13𝑥 + 21𝑦 − 52𝑧 = 0
B. 13𝑥 − 21𝑦 − 52𝑧 = 0
C. 13𝑥 + 21𝑦 + 52𝑧 = 0
1
D. 13𝑥 + 21𝑦 − 52𝑧 =
11
Answer (A)
Sol.
Equation of plane passing through intersection of the planes 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5𝑧 + 1 = 0 and 2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 − 11 = 0
can be
(𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5𝑧 + 1) + 𝜆(2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 − 11) = 0
Now if this plane passes through origin, then
(0 + 0 − 0 + 1)𝜆( 0 − 0 + 0 − 11) = 0
⇒ 𝜆 = 1⁄11
⇒ Required plane is
11 (𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5𝑧 + 1) + (2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 − 11) = 0
⇒ 13𝑥 + 21𝑦 − 52𝑧 = 0

38. The direction cosines of the normal to the plane 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 𝑧 = 5 are:

A. 2, 3, −1
2 3 −1
B. , ,
√14 √14 √14
C. 2, 3, 1
2 3 1
D. , ,
√14 √14 √14
Answer (B)
Sol.
D.R of the normal to the plane are 2, 3, −1
2 3 −1
DC of the normal to the plane are , ,
√4+9+1 √4+9+1 √4+9+1
2 3 −1
⇒ D.C are , ,
√14 √14 √14

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39. The angle between the line 𝑟⃗ = (𝑖̂ + 2 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ ) +𝜆 (𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ ) and the plane 𝑟⃗. (2 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ ) = 6 is
_____________
2√2
A. sin−1 ( )
3
√2
B. sin ( )
3
2
C. cos −1 ( )
3
−1 1
D. sin ( )
3
Answer (A)
Sol.
Vector parallel to line is 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ vector perpendicular to plane is 2 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ let angle between line and
plane is 𝜃 then
̂ )(2 𝑖̂− 𝑗̂ + 𝑘
(𝑖̂− 𝑗̂ + 𝑘 ̂)
sin 𝜃 = | ̂ |×|2 𝑖̂− 𝑗̂ + 𝑘
̂|
|
|𝑖̂− 𝑗̂ + 𝑘
2+1+1 4 2√2
= = =
√1+1+1√4+1+1 √3 √6 3
−1 2√2
⇒ 𝜃 = sin ( )
3

40. The equation of the plane through the point (−1, −1, 1) which is parallel to the plane 𝑟⃗ . (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ ) = 0 is
___________.
A. 𝑟⃗ . (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) + 1 = 0
B. 𝑟⃗ . (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) − 1 = 0
C. 𝑟⃗ . (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) + 3 = 0
D. 𝑟⃗. (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) − 3 = 0
Answer (A)
Sol.
Equation of plane parallel to 𝑟⃗ (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) = 0 can be
𝑟⃗(𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) + 𝜆 = 0 → (1)
If this plane passes through point, (−1, −1, 1) then vector −𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ satisfies by (1)
⇒ (− 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂). (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂)𝑑 = 0
⇒ −1 − 1 + 1 + 𝜆 = 0 ⇒ 𝜆 = 1
⇒ required plane is
𝑟⃗ . (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) + 1 = 0

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