Back Print

Name Class Date

Assessment

Chapter Test A
Chapter: The Periodic Law
Use the periodic table below to answer the questions in this Chapter Test.

E E
1 G
A1 H
Hydrogen
1.01 2
He
B C F Helium
4.00
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 Li Be B C N O F Ne
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
6.94 9.01 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
3 Na Mg D Al Si P S Cl Ar
Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
22.99 24.30 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.88 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.39 69.72 72.61 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 97.91 101.07 102.91 106.42 107.87 112.41 114.82 118.71 121.76 127.60 126.90 131.29
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
6 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Cesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thalium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
132.90 137.33 138.91 178.49 180.95 183.84 186.21 190.23 192.22 195.08 196.97 200.59 204.38 207.2† 208.98 208.98 209.99 222.02
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109
7 Fr Ra Ac
Francium Radium Actinium
223.02 226.02 227.03 261.11 262.11 263.12 262.12

58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium

H 140.12 141.91 144.24 144.91 150.36 151.97 157.25 158.92 162.50 164.93 167.26 168.93 173.04 174.97
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
232.04 231.04 238.05 237.05 244.06 243.06 247.07 247.07 251.08 252.08 257.10 258.10 259.10 262.11

In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each
statement or best answers each question.

______ 1. Mendeleev organized the chemical elements based on their

a. symbols.
b. properties.
c. atomic numbers.
d. charges.

______ 2. A horizontal row in the periodic table is called a(n)

a. family.
b. group.
c. octet.
d. period.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Modern Chemistry 36 Chapter Test
Back Print
Name Class Date

Chapter Test A, continued

______ 3. The periodic law states that

a. no two electrons with the same spin can be found in the same place
in an atom.
b. the physical and chemical properties of the elements are functions
of their atomic number.
c. wave patterns repeat at regular intervals.
d. the chemical properties of elements can be grouped according to
periodicity.

______ 4. An element with the general electron configuration ns2np1 for its
outermost electrons would be in Group
a. 2.
b. 13.
c. 14.
d. 15.

______ 5. When a carbon atom is in its ground state, how many electrons does it
have in its outermost shell?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

______ 6. Which of the following elements is most similar in behavior to

calcium?
a. magnesium
b. sodium
c. sulfur
d. chlorine

______ 7. Which periodic group or family of elements is not correctly matched

with its common family name?
a. Group 2: alkaline-earth metals
b. Group 3: alkali metals
c. Group 17: halogens
d. Group 18: noble gases

______ 8. The electron configurations of main-group elements end in

a. d and f orbitals.
b. s and p orbitals.
c. s and d orbitals.
d. p and d orbitals.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Modern Chemistry 37 Chapter Test
Back Print
Name Class Date

Chapter Test A, continued

______ 9. Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

a. calcium
b. iron
c. sodium
d. sulfur

______10. All the alkali metal elements are found on the periodic table in
a. Group 1.
b. Group 2.
c. Period 1.
d. Period 2.

______11. A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract

electrons from another atom in the compound is called
a. electron affinity.
b. electron configuration.
c. electronegativity.
d. ionization potential.

______12. Which of the following elements has the greatest atomic radius?
a. Al
b. S
c. Si
d. C

______13. Which of the following elements has the lowest electronegativity?

a. C
b. F
c. Li
d. O

______14. Which of the following elements has the greatest ionization energy?
a. Ga
b. K
c. Bi
d. As

______15. Which of the following elements has an electron affinity of 0 kJ/m?

a. Br
b. As
c. Ar
d. I

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Modern Chemistry 38 Chapter Test
Back Print
Name Class Date

Chapter Test A, continued

______16. Which of the following elements have full outer energy levels when
they are in the ground state?
a. alkali metals
b. noble gases
c. halogens
d. transition metals

______ 17. In which period is an element that has the electron configuration
1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p1 when it is in its ground state?
a. Period 1
b. Period 2
c. Period 3
d. Period 4

______18. Which of the following elements is not a metal?

a. H
b. K
c. Na
d. Fr

______19. For atoms of p-block elements, the total number of electrons in the
highest occupied level is equal to the
a. period number.
b. group number.
c. period number minus 10.
d. group number minus 10.

______20. As electrons add to s and p sublevels in the same main energy level,
they are pulled closer to the more highly charged nucleus, causing
a. the electron cloud around the nucleus to expand.
b. atoms to lose electrons more easily.
c. atomic radii to decrease in size.
d. a noble gas configuration.

______21. Which electron configuration would result in the largest negative

electron affinity?
a. [He]2s1
b. [He]2s22p2
c. [He]2s22p3
d. [He]2s22p5

______22. In forming an ion, from which sublevel would an atom of nickel lose
electrons first?
a. 4s
b. 3d
c. 3p
d. 3s

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Modern Chemistry 39 Chapter Test
Back Print
Name Class Date

Chapter Test A, continued

______23. Which one of the following groups contains atoms that, in compounds,
have the lowest attraction for electrons?
a. Group 1
b. Group 2
c. Group 16
d. Group 17

______24. Which ionization energy is generally the largest?

a. first ionization energy
b. second ionization energy
c. third ionization energy
d. fourth ionization energy

______25. The metalloids are located on the periodic table between

a. halogens and noble gases.
b. nonmetals and metals.
c. alkaline-earth metals and other metals.
d. alkali metals and transition metals.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Modern Chemistry 40 Chapter Test
Back Print RESOURCE PAGE
TEACHER

40. 7.05  1016 Hz ment in Period 3. Atomic radii

41. 1.28 s decrease as you move from left to
42. 4.58  1019 J right across a period.
24. In general, ionization energies of main-
group elements increase from left to
5 The Periodic Law, right across a period and decrease
pp. 36–45 down a group.
25. Electron affinity and electronegativity
TEST A are related. Electron affinity is a meas-
1. b 2. d ure of the ease with which an atom
3. b 4. b gains electrons. Electronegativity is a
5. d 6. a measure of the ability of an atom to
7. b 8. b attract electrons. Therefore, atoms
9. b 10. a with a high negative electron affinity
11. c 12. a are also the most electronegative.
13. c 14. d 26. The physical and chemical properties
15. c 16. b of the elements are periodic functions
17. d 18. a of their atomic numbers.
19. d 20. c 27. The ionic radii of cations are always
21. d 22. a smaller than the atomic radii of the
23. a 24. d neutral atoms from which they are
25. b formed. The ionic radii of anions are
always larger than the atomic radii of
TEST B the neutral atoms from which they are
1. a 2. c formed.
3. d 4. d 28. c
5. a 6. a 29. b
7. c 8. a 30. e
9. lanthanides 31. a
10. 2 32. d
11. fourth 33. Period 5, s block
12. transition elements 34. Period 4, p block
13. 32 35. Period 4, d block
14. valence electrons 36. 3d 54s2
15. electron affinity 37. 3s23p3
16. electronegativity 38. 4f 145d106s2
17. ionization energy 39. 1, helium
18. 3s23p4 40. 2, neon
19. atomic radius 41. 2, argon
20. ion 42. 3, neon
21. Group 1, Period 7, s block
22. All three groups of elements are met-
als. Alkali and alkaline-earth metals 6 Chemical Bonding,
are so reactive that they are not found pp. 46–55
in nature as free elements. Transition
elements are generally less reactive. TEST A
Some are so unreactive that they do 1. c 2. b
not form compounds easily and exist 3. c 4. c
as free elements in nature. 5. a 6. d
23. Sodium has the largest atomic radius. 7. c 8. b
All the elements belong to Period 3, 9. c 10. b
but sodium has the lowest atomic 11. b 12. c
number and is therefore the first ele- 13. a 14. a

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Modern Chemistry 224 Answer Key