TWGHs Kap Yan Directors’ College
F.3 History (2024-2025)
Workbook – World War I
Name:___________________________( ) Class:__________
The above cartoon was published in 1915, amidst the First World War, famously referred to as the so-called 'war to end all wars’.
No. Assignment Date Marks
th
1. Ex. 1: Major Powers in Europe in the Early 20 Century /24
2. Ex. 2.1: Extreme Nationalism /16
3. Ex. 2.2: Effects of Franco-Prussian War (Extreme Nationalism) /10
4. Ex. 3: Alliance System /13
5. Ex. 4.1: Imperialism /6
6. Ex. 4.2: Armaments race /10
7. Ex. 5: The Balkans before the First World War /9
8. Ex. 6: Balkan Crises /13
9. Ex. 7: Comparing Responsibilities of Powers Causing WW1 /9
1
th
Exercise 1: Major Powers in Europe in the Early 20 Century
Marks:_______/6+18
Date:____________
Source A
Identify the six major powers (item 1 to 6) below in Europe in early 20th century and their capital city.
(12 x0.5 Marks)
2
3
Atlantic
5
Ocean
1
4
Black Sea
6
Mediterranean Sea
Item Country Capital
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2
What were the relationship among these Powers? Complete the following table by referring to the map and
dialogues uploaded by your teacher. (18 marks)
Power Main enemy: Actions to be taken Reasons
To look for: ___________ threatened her and
__________________ she was afraid of being
( ) _______________.
To take revenge on: Germany defeated her in the
__________________ ________________________ War
( ) (187__ to _____ ).
To look for: She made both _______________
__________________ And _____________ angry.
To speed up_____________
( ) development and
______________ expansion.
To look for: She wanted to gain access to the
_________ _________ __________________________
( ) P_______. Sea.
Control ____________ Peninsula.
To expand into the: The __________ in her empire
_________________Peninsula would no longer ask for
( independence.
To look for: She was not strong enough to
__________________ compete with _____________ in
( ) North ______________.
3
Exercise 2.1: Extreme Nationalism Marks:_________/16
Date:____________
The following was the main nationalist movements in the late 19th century. Read the table on the next page
carefully and fill in the banks with correct answers.
Name Demands
French Revenge l Revenge on Germany.
Movement l Take back Alsace and Lorraine.
l Restore its European leadership.
Pan-Germanism l Lead the Germans to build up Greater German Empire.
Movement l Support “little brother” of Germany, i.e. Austria-Hungary (a German-speaking
state) to expand to the Balkans in Europe.
Pan-Slavism l Help the Slavs in the Balkans to resist against Austria-Hungary and the
Movement Ottoman Empire.
l Establish a Slav state in Eastern Europe under Russian leadership.
Greater Serbian l Unite all the Serbs in the Balkans and Austria-Hungary to form a Greater
Movement Serbian state under Pan-Slavism Movement.
4
Fill in the blanks below to state which countries could be friend or enemies of the others by using the table
and your textbook. (16 marks)
Country Reasons
Friends (c) Germany ♥ ____________ (a) Germany and ____________ could be
(1 mark) friends because___________________
_______________________________
______________________ (2 mark)
(d) Russia ♥ Serbia in the Balkans (b) Russia and ____________ in the Balkans
could be close allies because
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
(2 mark)
(e) Russia ♥____________ (c) Russia could ally with ___________
(1 mark) Because they had a common enemy,
_____________________ (2 mark)
Enemies (a) Germany (a)i) Pan-Germanism Movement and Pan-
☠____________ Slavism Movement clashed in the
☠____________ ___________________ (1 mark)
☠____________ (a)ii) After Franco-Prussian War, _______
(1 mark) ______________________________
______________________________
(2 marks)
(b) Austria-Hungary (b) ____________ in the Balkans hated
☠____________ in the Balkans Austria-Hungary because it hindered
(1 mark) ___________________ Movement in the
Balkans ______________(3 marks)
5
Exercise 2.2: Effects of Franco-Prussian War (Extreme Nationalism) Marks:________/10
Date:____________
1. Read Sources A and B and answer the following questions.
Source A
This cartoon depicted about the feeling of the French towards Germany after the Franco-Prussian War of
1870-71.
Farewell, Madame
We shall meet
again on the
battlefield!
Germany France
Source B
An excerpt from a history book.
By the Treaty of Frankfurt, France surrendered Alsace and Lorraine to Germany. France paid an indemnity of
five billion gold Francs to Germany, and a Germany army was to remain on the French soil until the
indemnity had been paid.
(a) What was the French attitude toward Germany? According to Source A and explain your answer.
(3 marks)
(Stance) The French had _______________ attitude towards Germany. (1 mark)
(Clue) According to Source A, the French woman_______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
(Explanation) It reflected that ______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
6
(b) Cite ONE clue to support that France was economically weakened and ONE clue to support that France
lost its territorial sovereignty from Source B. (1 + 1 mark)
Firstly, the Treaty of Frankfurt had economically weakened France. According to Source B,
________________________________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
Secondly, France had lost its territorial sovereignty in the Treaty. According to Source B,
________________________________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
(c) After Franco-Prussian War, French government promoted French Revanchism Movement among the
people and wanted to start war of revenge on Germany. If you were a French citizen who was tired of
war at the time, how would you respond? Write a letter to the editor in the newspaper to promote anti-
war feeling to your fellow French people.
(5 marks)
Dear editor,
I am writing to express my view on_________________________________________________ (0.5 mark)
First point ______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________ (2 marks)
Second point ____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________(2 marks)
To conclude, ___________________________________________________________________ (0.5 mark)
7
Exercise 3: Alliance System Marks:________/13
Date:____________
1. Read Sources A and B and answer the following questions.
Source A
The following map shows the cooperation and conflicts among the European power between the 1870s and
1900s.
Source B
The following was a French cartoon published in 1893 about the situation in Europe. The women in the
centre represented Europe, and her hat was on fire.
Franco-Russian
Alliance
Triple Alliance
8
(a) Name the members of the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente. (3 marks)
Triple Alliance Triple Entente
(b) According to your own knowledge, which country started the alliance system and why? (1+ 1+ 1 mark)
____________ started the alliance system in ___________(year) with __________(country) because______
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(c) According to Source B, what was the cartoonist’s view towards the situation of Europe? Explain your
answer. (3 marks)
The cartoonist believed that Europe was ______________________________________________________
The clue was ____________________________________________________________________________
This reflected that ________________________________________________________________________
(d) Since both alliances were military alliances, why did the cartoonist have different views towards the
two? Explain your answer with reference to Source B and your own knowledge. (4 marks)
According to Source B, the cartoon was published by ____________(country), so the Franco-Russo Alliance
looked _________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ (2 marks)
According to my own knowledge, ___________(country) hated ___________(country) after the
________________________War,___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ (2 marks)
*Therefore, the cartoon was biased against the Triple Alliance.
9
Exercise 4.1: Economic and Colonial Conflicts (Imperialism) Marks:_________/6
Date:____________
1. Read Source A and answer the following questions
Source A
The table below shows information about the three European Colonial Empires by 1914.
Country Britain France Germany
Population (in millions) 45.6 39.6 68
Colonial population (in millions) 401 44 11
Colonial area (in million square kilometers, 𝑘𝑚! ) 36.6 10.5 2.9
(a) Which country was the largest colonial empire? Cite TWO clues from Source A to support your answer.
(1+1 mark)
(Stance)_______________ was the largest colonial empire.
(Clue 1) According to Source______, In terms of _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(Clue 2) According to Source______, In terms of _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) According to your own knowledge, name the TWO continents/regions that these three countries were
scrambling for colonies. (0.5 + 0.5 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(c) According to your own knowledge, why did the European powers extend their colonial influence
before the First World War? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
*Tips: What could the European powers be benefited from the colonies in terms of economic aspect?
According to ____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) According to your own knowledge, identify the 2 international crisis and 1 war happened between 1905
and 1912 that illustrated the economic and colonial conflicts. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
10
Exercise 4.2: Armaments race Marks:________/11
Date:____________
1. Study Sources A and B and answer the following questions.
Source A
The following cartoon was published in 1909.
New Zealand said “Father, be careful, that
man is trying to push you down!”
England replied “Don’t worry about me. It’ll
New Zealand take twice his weight to move me.”
England
Germany
Naval supremacy
Source B
The following table shows the number of Britain and Germany dreadnoughts between 1906 and 1914
Year Britain Germany
1906 1 0
1908 6 4
1910 11 8
1912 19 13
1913 26 16
1914 29 17
11
(a) According to Source A, which country enjoyed naval supremacy? Cite one clue from Source A to
support your answer. (1 + 1 mark)
_______________ enjoyed naval supremacy.
According to Source _____, ________________________________________________________________
(b) According to Source A, what was New Zealand worrying about? Explain your answer. (1 + 2 marks)
According to Source A, New Zealand worried __________________________________________________
From Source _____, ______________________________________________________________________
It reflected that, __________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(c) According to Source A, did the cartoonist think that what New Zealand worried about could come true?
Explain your answer by using the dialogue and the cartoon itself. (2 +2 marks)
According to Source A, the cartoonist thought it would/ would not come true (Circle the correct answer).
According to the dialogue of Source A, _______________________________________________________
It reflected that___________________________________________________________________________
According to the cartoon of Source A, ________________________________________________________
It reflected that___________________________________________________________________________
(d) According to Source B, had what New Zealand worried about actually came true throughout 1906 to
1914? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
According to Source B, throughout 1906 to 1914, it _____________________________________________.
According to Source B, ____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
It reflected that __________________________________________________________________________
12
Exercise 5: The Balkans before the First World War Marks:_________/9
Date:____________
1. Study Sources A and B and answer the following questions.
Source A
The following cartoon depicted an incident that a country annexed the regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina in
1908 in the Balkans. Another country, Serbia, wanted to create Greater Serbian State by incorporating the two
regions for a long time.
Source B
Depiction about the Sarajevo Assassination in 1914
Course of Incident
On 28 June 1914, Austria-Hungary carried out military exercises in Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia. After
inspecting the army, Archduke Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by a Serb radical. Afterwards,
Austria-Hungary sent an ultimatum to Serbia. The ultimatum contained many demands. Serbia was given 48
hours to respond.
13
(a) Identify the country that the foot represented in Source A and the name of the incident. (1 + 1 mark)
Country: _____________________
Incident: _____________________
(b) According to Source A and your own knowledge, why did Serbia get angry with the action of the country
in sub-question (a)? What was the motivation of Serbia? Explain your answer. (1 + 1 marks)
*Tips: Extreme nationalism.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(c) According to Source B, who assassinated the Austrian heir and his wife? (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) According to Sources A, B and your own knowledge, how was Sources A and B related? (4 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
14
Exercise 6: Balkan Crises Marks:________/13
Date:____________
1. Study Sources A and B and answer the following questions.
Source A Source B
A cartoon published on 29 July 1914, a month after A cartoon referring to an event in 1914
the Sarajevo assassination.
Austria-
Hungary Russia
Serbia
Dialogue:
Two-headed Eagle (Austria-Hungary) said “I don’t
like his (Serbia, a chicken) attitude. Somebody
(Russia) must be backing him (Serbia).”
(a) How were the relations between Austria-Hungary and Serbia, and between Serbia and Russia?
Explain your answer according to the cartoon of Source A. (2+ 2 marks)
The relation between Austria-Hungary and Serbia was__________.
According to the clue from Source A _________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
The relation between Serbia and Russia was__________.
According to the clue from Source A _________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Who were the two important figures killed as shown in Source B in 1914? (1+1 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
15
(c) How did different countries’ reaction to the Sarajevo Assassination lead to the First World War in 1914?
Explain your answer with reference to Sources A and using your own knowledge. (2+5 marks)
From Source A, __________________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
It reflected that___________________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
From my own knowledge, Austria-Hungary asked _____________ for help after the Sarajevo Assassination.
Germany responded by ________________________________________________________ (0.5 +1 mark)
After that, Serbia sent an ______________ to Serbia, but Serbia ___________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________ (0.5 +1 mark)
Russia _________________________________________________________________________ (1 mark)
Germany declared war on Russia.
To prevent a two-front war, Germany carried out the _____________ Plan, which was to attack France through
___________, which threatened British national security. So Britain declared war on Germany.
(0.5 +0.5 mark)
And the First World War started in 1914.
16
Summary table of Factors and Responsibilities (RAINS)
armament Race Alliance Imperialism Nationalism S____________
_____________
Ger
Fra
Bri
17
Rus
AH
Ita
18
Exercise 7: Comparing Responsibilities of Powers Causing WW1 Marks:_________/1+ 2+6
Date:____________
Do you think that Germany should be blamed more that France for causing the WW1?
Two questions to consider:
1. Which power was closely related to the four main causes of WWI
2. Which power made the event worse after the Sarajevo Incident?
(If notes are jotted down, extra 1 mark will be given)
For example:
Germany France
E.g. E.g.
Comparison:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
19
Your turn to try!
Choose either option A or option B to compare their responsibilities by using the above example.
(If notes are jotted down, extra 2 marks will be given)
Option A Option B
Britain V.S. Germany Germany V.S. Russia
(Stance)I believe that ______________ should bear more responsibilities than ____________.
(If a stance is not given:-0.5)
(Point 1: Examples for both powers)
In terms of _______________, ______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________(1 + 1 marks)
(Comparison and Explanation) ______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________(1 mark)
(Point 1: Examples for both powers)
In terms of _______________, ______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________(1 + 1 marks)
(Comparison and Explanation) ______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________(1 mark)
(Conclusion *optional) Therefore,____________________________________________________________
20
