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PROJECT TITLE
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A PROJECT REPORT [INTERNSHIP REPORT]
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Submitted by
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STUDENT1 NAME [REG NUM]
STUDENT2 NAME [REG NUM]
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Under the Guidance of
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(GUIDE NAME )
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in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
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BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
KATTANKULATHUR- 603 203
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NOVEMBER 2024<Font Size 14>
Department of Computational Intelligence
SRM Institute of Science & Technology
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We express our humble gratitude to Dr. C. Muthamizhchelvan, Vice-Chancellor, SRM InstituteofScience
and Technology, for the facilities extended for the project work and his continued support.
We extend our sincere thanks to Dr. T. V. Gopal , Dean-CET, SRM Institute of Science and Technology,
for his invaluable support.
We wish to thank Dr. Revathi Venkataraman, Professor and Chairperson, School of Com puting, SRM
Institute of Science and Technology, for her support throughout the project work.
We encompass our sincere thanks to , Dr. M. Pushpalatha, Professor and Associate Chairperson, School of
Computing and Dr. C.Lakshmi, Professor and Associate Chairperson, School of Computing, SRM Institute of
Science and Technology, for their invaluable support.
We are incredibly grateful to our Head of the Department, Dr. R. Annie Uthra, Professor, Department of
Computational Intelligence, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, for her suggestions and encouragement at
all the stages of the project work.
We want to convey our thanks to our Project Coordinators, ........., Panel Head, ......... and Panel
Members, .........., Department of Computational Intelligence, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, for their
inputs during the project reviews and support.
We register our immeasurable thanks to our Faculty Advisor, ..................., Department of Computational
Intelligence, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, for leading and helping us to complete our course.
Our inexpressible respect and thanks to our guide, ....................., Department of Computational Intelligence,
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, for providing us with an opportunity to pursue our project under his /
her mentorship. He / She provided us with the freedom and support to explore the research topics of our interest.
His / Her passion for solving problems and making a difference in the world has always been inspiring.
We sincerely thank all the staff and students of Computational Intelligence, School of Computing, S.R.M
Institute of Science and Technology, for their help during our project. Finally, we would like to thank our
parents, family members, and friends for their unconditional love, constant support and encouragement
Authors
ABSTRACT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii
LIST OF TABLES viii
ABBREVIATIONS ix
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
NO. NO.
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 General (Introduction to Project) 2
1.2 Motivation 3
1.3 Sustainable Development Goal of the Project 4
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 5
2.1 subtitle 1 5
2.2 subtitle 2 10
2.3 Limitations Identified from Literature Survey (Research Gaps) 11
2.4 Research Objectives 12
2.5 Product Backlog (Key user stories with Desired outcomes) 13
2.5 Plan of Action (Project Road Map) 15
3 SPRINT PLANNING AND EXECTION METHODOLOGY 21
3.1 SPRINT I 21
3.1.1 Objectives with user stories of Sprint I 23
3.1.2 Functional Document 25
3.1.3 Architecture Document 28
3.1.4 Outcome of objectives/ Result Analysis 29
3.1.5 Sprint Retrospective 30
3.2 SPRINT II 31
3.2.1 Objectives with user stories of Sprint II 32
3.2.2 Functional Document 33
3.2.3 Architecture Document 34
3.2.4 Outcome of objectives/ Result Analysis 35
3.2.5 Sprint Retrospective 36
3.3 SPRINT III 37
3.3.1 Objectives with user stories of Sprint III 38
3.3.2 Functional Document 39
3.3.3 Architecture Document 40
3.3.4 Outcome of objectives/ Result Analysis 41
3.3.5 Sprint Retrospective 42
6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 40
6.1 Project Outcomes (Performance Evaluation, Comparisons, Testing Results ) 41
6.2 Sub Title 42
7 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT 45
REFERENCES 46
APPENDIX
A CODING 48
B CONFERENCE PUBLICATION 50
C JOURNAL PUBLICATION 51
D PLAGIARISM REPORT 52
LIST OF FIGURES
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
NO. NO.
2.1 Thresholding segmentation in action on the skin lesion image input . . 4
2.2 Computer Vision Pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1 ROC curve CNN and dermatologists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2 confusion matrix with CNN vs doctors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3 Adam optimizer error rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.1 Sample lesions from each class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.2 File structure of dataset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.3 Diagnosis Techniques Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.4 Number of data points of each class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.5 Effect of SMOTE and number of variables on KNN (Euclidean Distance) 17
4.6 YOLO CNN Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.7 ANN sample architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.8 Convolution Layer simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.9 Pooling layer simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.10 CNN complete architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.11 CNN pre assigned weights for each class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.12 Sample layers of our CNN model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.1 Overall architecture of Product. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
5.2 Difference between UI & UX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.3 Ionic Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5.4 Ionic Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.5 Back end Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.6 Components of API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
5.7 REST API Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
5.8 SOAP API Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
vii
LIST OF TABLES
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
NO. NO.
2.1 Thresholding segmentation in action on the skin lesion image input . . 4
2.2 Computer Vision Pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.3 ROC curve CNN and dermatologists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.4 confusion matrix with CNN vs doctors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
viii
ABBREVIATIONS
AES Advanced Encryption Standard
ANN Artificial Neural Network CNN
Colvonutional Neural Network
CSS Cascading Style Sheet
CV Computer Vision
DB Database
DNA Deoxyribo Neucleic Acid
GCP Google Cloud Platform
HAM Human Against Machine
HTML Hyper Text Markup Language
HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
JS Javascript
KNN K Nearest Neighbours
MNIST Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology
PWA Progressive Web App
RNA Ribo Neucleic Acid
ROC Receiver Operating Characteristic
SASS Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets SMOTE
Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique
SQL Structured Query Language
SVM Support Vector Machine
UI User Interface
UV UltraViolet
UX User Experience
YOLO You Only Look Once
ix
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Subtitle 1
Font style for entire report must be times new roman. Chapter number and title must be
capitalized with font size of 16pt bold. Subtitle 1 is 16pt with each word capitalized with bold.
Subsection under a subtitle is 12pt with bold, each letter capitalized. All the content of the document
is 12pt size with 1.5 Spacing. Left margin 1 inch and right margin 0.5 inch. Use justify option for
both left and right alignment. A paragraph may contain maximum of 12 lines and an empty space to
be left between each paragraph.
All figures must be numbered with corresponding chapter number like Fig 1.1, Fig 1.2 etc for
chapter 1 and Fig 2.1, Fig 2.2 etc for chapter 2 and so on.. with figures in center alignment and the
caption to be mentioned below the figure.
Fig 3.1: ROC curve CNN and dermatologists
All tables must be numbered with corresponding chapter number like Table 1.1, Table 1.2 etc for
chapter 1 and Table 2.1, Table 2.2 etc for chapter 2 and so on.. with tables in center alignment and the
caption to be mentioned above the Table.
Every chapter must start in new page. Page numbers are started from chapter 1 and to be included
till the end of the report. Page numbers can be given at the bottom of the page with center alignment.
1
All references must be cited inside the text with sequential numbers[1] and to be listed in the same
order in references. Two articles can be cited as [4,5] and multiple references can be cited as [7-10].
Minimum 15 references to be included.
Proofs must be included for all publications and plagiarism report to be generated using turnitin
with the help of your guide with similarity index less than or equal to 10 percent. Total number of
pages in the report is minimum 30 excluding coding and screenshots.
REFERENCES
[1] Ning, X., and Lovell, M. R., “On the Sliding Friction Characteristics of Unidirectional Continuous
FRP Composites,” ASME J. Tribol., 124(1), pp. 5-13, 2002.
[2] Barnes, M., “Stresses in Solenoids,” J. Appl. Phys., 48(5), pp. 2000–2008, 2001.
[3] Jones, J., (2000), Contact Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, Chap. 6.
[4] Lee, Y., Korpela, S. A., and Horne, R. N., “Structure of Multi-Cellular Natural Convection in a
Tall Vertical Annulus,” Proc. 7th International Heat Transfer Conference, U. Grigul et al., eds.,
Hemisphere, Washington, DC, 2, pp. 221–226, 1982.
[5] Hashish, M., “600 MPa Waterjet Technology Development,” High Pressure Technology, PVP-
Vol. 406, pp. 135-140, 2000.
[6] Watson, D. W., “Thermodynamic Analysis,” ASME Paper No. 97-GT-288, 1997. [7] Tung, C. Y.,
(1982), “Evaporative Heat Transfer in the Contact Line of a Mixture,” Ph.D. thesis, Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY.
APPENDIX A
CODING
APPENDIX B
CONFERENCE
PRESENTATION
Our paper on Hybrid application based skin lesion analyzer using deep
neural networks was presented at ICIOT 2020 conference held at SRM. 200+
shortlisted teams presented their papers on various fields in the conference. Our
paper got accepted as paper id : 25 with a plagiarism of just 2 %.
Figure A.1: ICIOT 2020 Acceptance
On presenting the paper in this international conference held at SRM KTR
campus, we received positive remarks and suggestion from the judging panel.
We were then awarded the best paper award at the same conference.
Figure A.2: ICIOT 2020 Best Paper award
83
APPENDIX C
PUBLICATION DETAILS
We submitted our research paper for publication at IJPR publication house puducherry. We
had selected the journal International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation (ISSN:
1475- 7192). We got the acceptance notification from the IJPR stating our paper has been
published in the April Issue of the same journal. Proof of publication is attached in figure B.1
The research
Figure B.1: Publication Notification
paper cover page has been attached below.
International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 08,
2020 ISSN: 1475-7192
Hybrid Application Based Skin Lesion Analyzer
Using Deep Neural Networks
1
S. Poornima, 2Shivang Kaul, 3Yash Aggarwal, 4M. Pushpalatha
Abstract--Skin cancer with more than 5 million cases reported every year. Early detection can increase
the probability of survival. In recent study it was shown neural networks outperform medical board certified
doctors in classifying lesions as cancerous. We intend to build a whole system encompassing Image capturing
processing it by neural net , sending the response back to the device and formulating a report for the user. We
intent to use CNNs to classify the image of skin lesion into 7 categories of cancerous lesions: Melanoma, Benign
Keratosis, Actinic Keratoses, Dermatofibroma, Vascular skin lesion and Basal Cell Carcinoma. Our goal is to
make the system easily usable by untrained users and make detecting skin cancer easy with higher efficiency.
Key words--Neural Networks, Image Processing, Convolu-tional Neural Networks, Skin Cancer
Detection, Skin Lesion Imaging, App Development, Localization Algorithms, Cloud Computing, GCP, Compute
Engine, App Engine.
I. INTRODUCTION
Skin Cancer is a major kind of cancer with around 5 million reported cases worldwide every year. The
major cause of skin cancer is exposure to UV rays. Diagnosing skin cancer generally included the skin lesion
being examined by a doctor. Recent studies have shown neural networks to be more efficient in classifying lesion
as cancerous as compared to trained doctors. Misdiagnosing or late detection of cancer can lead to a higher
mortality rate and less chance of cure. The goal of this project is making detection and classification of lesions on
the skin easier. Not all the marks on skin are a matter of concern but early detection and treatment of cancer can
save lives. So this gives the user a way to check if there’s a chance of the mark on your skin being cancerous. The
aim of this project is to detect and analyse such a correlation using neural networks. It is expected that the
outcome of this project will lead to automated classification of skin lesions.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
The following papers were read and analysed for the refer-ence of this paper. A brief image has been
presented here.
1) Andre Esteva et al. 2017,” Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks.”
Contribution: Claimed to classify skin lesions at par with board trained dermatologists. Methodology used:
1
Assistant Professor, CSE Department, SRMIST, Chennai, India
2
Assistant Professor, CSE Department, SRMIST, Chennai, India, [email protected]
3
Assistant Professor, CSE Department, SRMIST, Chennai, India,
[email protected] 4Assistant Professor, CSE Department, SRMIST, Chennai,
India
DOI: 10.37200/IJPR/V24I8/PR280274
Received: 21 Jan 2020 | Revised: 08 Feb 2020 | Accepted: 14 Mar 2020 2545
APPENDIX D
PLAGIARISM REPORT
