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DBMS Architecture

DBMS architecture is crucial for connecting users to databases and can be categorized into single-tier, two-tier, and three-tier architectures. Single-tier allows direct access on the client machine, two-tier involves a client-server connection for requests, and three-tier adds an application server layer for enhanced communication. Additionally, the three schema architecture separates user applications from the physical database, providing a structured framework for database systems.

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2 views

DBMS Architecture

DBMS architecture is crucial for connecting users to databases and can be categorized into single-tier, two-tier, and three-tier architectures. Single-tier allows direct access on the client machine, two-tier involves a client-server connection for requests, and three-tier adds an application server layer for enhanced communication. Additionally, the three schema architecture separates user applications from the physical database, providing a structured framework for database systems.

Uploaded by

sohaibdxb080
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DBMS Architecture

o The DBMS design depends upon its architecture.


The basic client/server architecture is used to deal
with a large number of PCs, web servers, database
servers and other components that are connected
with networks.
o The client/server architecture consists of many PCs
and a workstation which are connected via the
network.
o DBMS architecture depends upon how users are
connected to the database to get their request
done.

Types of DBMS Architecture

Database architecture can be seen as a single tier or


multi-tier. But logically, database architecture is of two
types like: 2-tier architecture and 3-tier
architecture.

Types of DBMS Architecture


There are three types of DBMS architecture:

1. Single tier architecture


2. Two tier architecture
3. Three tier architecture

1. Single tier architecture


In this type of architecture, the database is readily available on
the client machine, any request made by client doesn’t require
a network connection to perform the action on the database.

For example, let’s say you want to fetch the records of


employee from the database and the database is available on
your computer system, so the request to fetch employee details
will be done by your computer and the records will be fetched
from the database by your computer as well. This type of
system is generally referred as local database system.

2. Two tier architecture


In two-tier architecture, the Database system is present at the
server machine and the DBMS application is present at the
client machine, these two machines are connected with each
other through a reliable network as shown in the above
diagram.

Whenever client machine makes a request to access the


database present at server using a query language like sql, the
server perform the request on the database and returns the
result back to the client. The application connection interface
such as JDBC, ODBC are used for the interaction between
server and client.

3. Three tier architecture


In three-tier architecture, another layer is present between the
client machine and server machine. In this architecture, the
client application doesn’t communicate directly with the
database systems present at the server machine, rather the
client application communicates with server application and the
server application internally communicates with the database
system present at the server.

1-Tier Architecture

o In this architecture, the database is directly


available to the user. It means the user can directly
sit on the DBMS and uses it.
o Any changes done here will directly be done on the
database itself. It doesn't provide a handy tool for
end users.
o The 1-Tier architecture is used for development of
the local application, where programmers can
directly communicate with the database for the
quick response.

2-Tier Architecture

o The 2-Tier architecture is same as basic client-


server. In the two-tier architecture, applications on
the client end can directly communicate with the
database at the server side. For this interaction,
API's like: ODBC, JDBC are used.
o The user interfaces and application programs are
run on the client-side.
o The server side is responsible to provide the
functionalities like: query processing and
transaction management.
o To communicate with the DBMS, client-side
application establishes a connection with the
server side.

Fig: 2-tier Architecture


3-Tier Architecture

o The 3-Tier architecture contains another layer


between the client and server. In this architecture,
client can't directly communicate with the server.
o The application on the client-end interacts with an
application server which further communicates
with the database system.
o End user has no idea about the existence of the
database beyond the application server. The
database also has no idea about any other user
beyond the application.
o The 3-Tier architecture is used in case of large web
application.

Fig: 3-tier Architecture

Three schema Architecture


o The three schema architecture is also called
ANSI/SPARC architecture or three-level
architecture.
o This framework is used to describe the structure of
a specific database system.
o The three schema architecture is also used to
separate the user applications and physical
database.
o The three schema architecture contains three-
levels. It breaks the database down into three
different categories.

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