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Crystalline vs. Amorphous Solids

The document discusses the structure and properties of solids, categorizing them into crystalline and amorphous types. Crystalline solids have a well-defined geometric shape and distinct melting points, while amorphous solids lack a definite shape and melt over a range of temperatures. Key differences include their structural arrangement, melting points, and physical properties, with crystalline solids being anisotropic and amorphous solids being isotropic.

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Jully Ann Monte
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23 views11 pages

Crystalline vs. Amorphous Solids

The document discusses the structure and properties of solids, categorizing them into crystalline and amorphous types. Crystalline solids have a well-defined geometric shape and distinct melting points, while amorphous solids lack a definite shape and melt over a range of temperatures. Key differences include their structural arrangement, melting points, and physical properties, with crystalline solids being anisotropic and amorphous solids being isotropic.

Uploaded by

Jully Ann Monte
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Structure and Properties of Solid

►Solids
- characterized by a rigid structure of molecules, ions, and
atoms arranged in an orderly or non-orderly manner. These
orderly or non-orderly arrangements led to the categorization
of crystalline and amorphous solids, the two general types of
solids.

Molecules of Solid
►Crystalline Solids
Crystalline solids are the type of solids that have particles
that are orderly arranged in a 3-dimensional pattern called
the crystal lattice (a regular repeating structure). When cut
anywhere, it shows a clear cleavage in the structure. For
its internal structure, it has a distinct geometric shape.
►Amorphous Solids
The word amorphous is a Greek word that means
“shapeless”. Irregular and disordered arrangement of the
constituent particles of a solid. Structures are rigid and
they lack a well-defined shape.
Criteria Crystalline Solid Amorphous Solid

Shape Definite and geometrical No definite geometrical


form form

Melting Point Well-defined melting Melt over a wide range of


point temperatures

Compressibility Rigid and cannot be Some are soft like


compressed graphite

Cleavage Perfect cleavage when Irregular cleavage when


broken into pieces on broken into pieces on
plane surfaces plane surfaces
Type of Solid Example S
tr
u
c
t
u
r
e
Ionic NaCl,KBr,CuCl2

Covalent Graphite, diamond

Molecular CO2, NH3, CH₄, H₂O

Metallic Metals
Key differences between Crystalline and
Amorphous Solids
► A. Structure of Crystalline and Amorphous
Crystalline solid has a definite shape with orderly arranged
molecules or atoms in 3- dimensional patterns often termed
as a crystal lattice. If this solid will cut, it depicts a clear
cleavage with surfaces intersecting at angles that are
characteristic of the crystal. Amorphous solids, on the other
hand, have a disordered array of components not showing a
definite shape. They show irregular shapes usually with
curved surfaces when cut.
► B. Melting points of Crystalline and Amorphous
Having an irregular shape, amorphous solid does not have definite
melting points but melt over a wide range of temperatures. For
crystalline solids, melting points are keenly observed or have a
sharp melting point.
► C. Physical properties of Crystalline and Amorphous
For crystalline solids, they are called anisotropic. Because it
possesses different thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity,
and refractive index within a crystal in different directions.
Amorphous are called isotropic. These solids have similar physical
properties from either direction.
THANK YOU!

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