In/out pout inter circuit & LSI prepared devices

EX: Design H/W to interface 8 LED at Port F300h

M/IO WD’ A15A14A13A12 A11 A10 A9A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1

A0
0 0 1111 0011 0000 0000

2-write a piece of code of blink LED every 500 m sec

mov dx,f300h
xor al,al
next:out dx,al
call delay 500msec
not al
jmp next
EX: Design H/W to interface 8 Switch at Port F300h

M/IO RD’ A15A14A13A12 A11 A10 A9A8 A7 A6 A5 A3 A2 A1

A4 A0
0 0 1111 0011 0000 0000
1) Design the H/W interface temperature transistor fan heater. the temp transistor gives 8-bit
signed integer data which represent the degree of temp in centigrade use port number F300h
to interface the temp transistor and F301h to control fan heater

c
 M/IO RD’ A15A14A13A12 A11 A10 A7 A6 A5 A3 A2 A1
A9A8 A4 A0
0 0 1111 0011 0000 0000

M/IO WR’ A15A14A13A12 A11 A10 A7 A6 A5 A3 A2 A1

A9A8 A4 A0
0 0 1111 0011 0000 0001

2) Write a piece of code maintain the temp .between 18C & 25C

Start:mov dx,F300h
in al,dx
mov dx,F301h
cmp al,18
JG n1
mov al,01h
out dx,al
jmp start
n1:cmp al,25
JG n2
xor al,al
out dx,al
jmp start
n2:mov al,02h
out dx,al
jmp start
Q-A
A Dam(‫ )سد‬hardware consists of 8-bit water level transducer which gives the water level in
meters and three gates servos to control the four gates of the dam (logic 1 opens the hate while
logic 0 closes the gate). Design the hardware required to interface the Dam Control system.
Use Port Number F300h to interface 8-bit water Level transducer, and Number F301h to
interface the three gates servos

A
 i
M/IO RD’ A15A14A13A12 A11 A10 A7 A6 A5 A3 A2 A1
A9A8 A4 A0
0 0 1111 0011 0000 0000

M/IO WR’ A15A14A13A12 A11 A10 A7 A6 A5 A3 A2 A1

A9A8 A4 A0
0 0 1111 0011 0000 0001

B.Write a piece of code to initialize the PPI 82C55 and Dam gates according the
Following:
• Water level ≤ 50m close all the gates
• 50 m < Water level ≤ 70m open one gate only
• 70 m < Water level ≤ 90m open two gate only
• 120 m < Water level open all the gate

B-
Start:Mov dx,F300h
In al,dx
mov dx,F301h
Cmp al,50
Ja n1
xor al,al
out dx,al
jmp start
n1:cmp al,70
ja n2
mov al,01
out dx,al
jmp start
n2:cmp al,90
ja n3
mov al,03
out dx,al
jmp start
n3:mov al,07h
out dx,al
jmp start
 Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI)
Ex1\
Design H/W to interface temp control system using PPI 82C55 use port A to interface the
Temp-transducer and port C to Control heater and fan base AddressF300h in the interfacing

A/

M/IO A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

0 1111 0011 0000 0XX0
0000→PA
0010→PB
0100→PC
0110→CS
B/ Write a piece of code maintain the temp. between 18C & 25C

mov dx,F306h
mov al,90h
out dx,al
Start:mov dx,F300h
in al,dx
mov dx,F304h
cmp al,18
JG n1
mov al,01h; Heater
out dx,al
jmp start
n1:cmp al,25
JG n2
xor al,al
out dx,al
jmp start
n2:mov al,02h; FAN
out dx,al
jmp start
Q.A
A Dam hardware consists of 8-bit water level transducer which gives the of water in
meters and four gates servos to control the four gates of the dam (logic 1 opens the hate while
logic 0 closes the gate). Design the hardware required to interface the Dam Control system
using PPI 82C55. Use Port-A of the PPI inter the 8-bit water Level transducer, and Port-C to
interface the four gates servos. Use base address F300h.

M/IO A15 A14 A13 A11 A10 A9 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1

A12 A8 A0
0 1111 0011 0000 0XX0
0000→PA
0010→PB
0100→PC
0110→CS
B.Write a piece of code to initialize the PPI 82C55 and Dam gates according the
Following:
• Water level ≤ 60m close all the gates
• 60 m < Water level ≤ 80m open one gate only
• 80 m < Water level ≤ 100m open two gate only
• 100 m < Water level ≤ 120m open three gate only
• 120 m < Water level open all the gate

mov dx,F306h
mov al,90h
out dx,al
start:mov dx,F300h
In al,dx
mov dx,F302h
Cmp al,60
Ja n1
xor al,al
out dx,al
jmp start
n1:cmp al,80
ja n2
mov al,01
out dx,al
jmp start
n2:cmp al,100
ja n3
mov al,03
out dx,al
jmp start
n2:cmp al,120
ja n3
mov al,07
out dx,al
jmp start
n3:mov al,0Fh
out dx,al
jmp start
 DAC0808 8-Bit D/A Converters
Ex: Design H/W to interface DAC0808 at address F301h setup the DAC to Vmax=6v

M/IO’ WR’ A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

0 0 1111 0011 0000 0001
B-Write a piece of code to generate the following analg signal

start:mov cx,8
xor bx, bx
mov dx,3f01h
next:mov al, fd[bx]
out dx,al
call delay 10ms
inc bx
loop next
jmp start

fd db : 0,43,85,128,171,128,85,43

B-Write a piece of code to generate the following analg signal

sta:Mov cx,172
Xor al,al
N1:mov dx,F301h
out dx,al
Inc al
Loop n1
Jmp sta

C-Write a piece of code to generate the following analg signal

sta: Mov dx, F300h

Xor al, al
mov cx,171
N1: Out dx,al
20
Call delay 117 𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑦 = = 117
171
Inc al
Loop N1
mov cx,170
mov al,170
N2: Out dx, al
Call delay 117
Dec al
Loop N2
Jmp sta
 D-Write a piece of code to generate the following analg signal

Vo=3+3sin(100πt) volt
Wt=100 πt ,W=100π,2πf=100π
F=100π/2π ,F=50
T=1/F=1/50=20us
t=T/M=20ms/72=278
2π
3 +3sin(100π∗ 𝑡)
fd = 100
∗ 256 t=0,1,2 … 71
6
fd=‫حسب القيم المعادلة‬
mov dx,F300h
xor bx,bx
mov cx,8
n1:mov al,fd[bx]
out dx,al
call delay 20us
inc bx
loop n1
jmp str
Q2)
A. Design the hardware to interface DAC0808 at port B of PPI 82C55. Interface the PPI
82C55 at Base address F300h. Setup the DAC0808 to Vmax= 6 volt.

M/IO A15 A14 A13 A11 A10 A9 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1

A12 A8 A0
0 1111 0011 0000 0XX0
0000→PA
0010→PB
0100→PC
0110→CS
B. Write a piece of code to initialize the PPI 82C55 and generate the following signal:

𝑣𝑜=2.5+2𝑠𝑖𝑛(100𝜋𝑡) volt
Wt=100 πt ,W=100π,2πf=100π
F=100π/2π ,F=50
T=1/F=1/50=20ms
t=T/M=20ms/72=278
2π
2.5 +2sin(100π∗ 𝑡)
fd = 100
∗ 256 t=0,1,2 … 71
6

fd=‫حسب القيم المعادلة‬

mov dx,F306h
mov al,80h
out dx,al
str:mov dx,F302h
xor bx,bx
mov cx,8
n1:mov al,fd[bx]
out dx,al
call delay 20us
inc bx
loop n1
jmp str
A. Design the hardware to interface DAC0808 at port B of 82C5S. Interface the PPI 82055 at
Base address F301h. Setup the DAC0808 to Vmax= 12 volt.

M/IO A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

0 1111 0011 0000 0XX1
0001→PA
0011→PB
0101→PC
0111→CS
B. Write a piece of code to initialize the 82C55and generate the following periodic
signal:

start:mov dx,f307h
mov al,80h
out dx,al
mov dx,f303h
next:xor al,al
out dx,al
call delay 100ms
mov al,85
out dx,al
call delay 100ms
n1:inc al
out dx,al
cmp al,ffh
jnz n1
n2:dec al
out dx,al
cmp al,85
jnz n2
out dx,al
delay call 100ms
jmp next
M/IO A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
0 1111 0011 0000 0XX0
0000→PA
0010→PB
0100→PC
0110→CS
 R A G R A G R A G R A G
x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 x 0 0 1 4441h
x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 x 0 1 0 4442h
x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 x 0 0 1 x 1 0 0 4414h
x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 x 0 1 0 x 1 0 0 4424h
x 1 0 0 x 0 0 1 x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 4144h
x 1 0 0 x 0 1 0 x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 4244h
x 0 0 1 x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 1444h
x 0 1 0 x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 2444h

B.
Lamp Dw 4441h, 4442h, 4414h, 4424h, 4144h, 4244h, 1444h, 2444h

St : xor bx,bx
Mov cx,4
Mov dx,F300h
Mov al,Lamp[bx]
Out dx,al
Mov dx,F302h
Mov al,Lamp[bx+1]
Out dx,al
Call delay 50s
Mov dx,F300h
Mov al,Lamp[bx+2]
Out dx,al
Mov dx,F302h
Mov al,Lamp[bx+3]
Out dx,al
Call delay 5 s
Add Bx,4
Loop n1
Jmp St
A-
M/IO A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
0 1111 0011 000X X001
0000 1001→PB
0001→PA
0000
0001→PC
0001 1001→CS
0001

D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
1 M M PA PCH M PB PCL
1 0 0 0 0 X X X
8 0h
B.
𝑣𝑜=2.5+2𝑠𝑖𝑛(100𝜋𝑡) volt
Wt=100 πt ,W=100π,2πf=100π
F=100π/2π ,F=50
T=1/F=1/50=20ms
t=T/M=20ms/36=555.6
2π
2.5 +2sin(100π∗ 𝑡)
fd = 100
∗ 256 t=0,1,2 … 71
6

Mov dx,F319h
Mov al,80h
Out dx,al
Start:Mov si,36
Xor bx,bx
Mov cl,4
Next:Mov ax,fd[bx]
Shl Ax,cl
Mov dx,f311h
Out dx,al
Mov dx,f301h
Mov al,ah
Out dx,al
Call delay dt
Add bx,2
Dec si
Jnz next
Jmp start

Each element is 12bits,So word will be used to it in the memory.

Fd dw 2276,2592,289,….,1959
A. Design the hardware to interface 82C54 Timer to 8086 microprocessor system buses at
Base address F300h.

M/IO A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

0 1111 0011 0000 0XX0
0000→C0
0010→C1
0100→C2
0110→CS
B. Write a piece of code to program:
1. Counter0: mode-4 with initial count of 2220h and binary counting.

CS1 CS0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD

0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
3h 8h

2. Counter1: mode-3 with initial count of 1000 and BCD counting.

CS1 CS0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
7h 8h

------------------------------------ code ------------------------------------

mov dx,f306h
mov al,77h
mov dx,al
mov dx,f302h
mov al,00
out dx,al
mov al,10
out dx,al
Ex2:
A Timer (82C54) is interfaced at base address F300h.The address of Control Register is
F302h,Write a place of code program Counter 1 as the same as of Counter 0(Counter 0
is previously programmed) with initial count of 2220h
Sol:
statues ‫ من‬C0 ‫ ناخذ معلومات‬C1 ‫ حتى برمج‬C0 ‫ فالزم ناخذ معلموات‬C0 ‫ كما مبرمج‬C1 ‫المطلوب برمجة‬
format

Read Back Command

1 1 CNT ST CNT2 CNT1 CNT0 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
E 2h

Status Byte Format

Out NULL RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD
X X X X 1 1 1 1
0 Fh

CS1 CS0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD

0 1 1 1 X X X X
7h 0h

------------------------------------ code ------------------------------------

mov dx,f306h
mov al,e2h
out dx,al
mov dx,f300h
in al,dx
and al,0fh
or al,70h
mov dx,f306h
out dx,al
mov dx,f302h
mov al,20h
out dx,al
mov al,22h
out dx,al
EX3:
A. Design the required hardware to interface 82C54 Timer to 8086-microprocessor system
bus. Use port address F302h in the design.

M/IO A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

0 1111 0011 0000 0010→C0
0110→C1
1010→C2
1110→CS
B. Write a piece of code to generate the following periodic signal.

913msec 87mse
Note: make any assumptions you need in the H/W design; given a crystal of 1 MHZ.
F=1/T=1/1000msec=1Hz

CS1 CS0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD

0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
3 7h

CS1 CS0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD

0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
7 7h
CS1 CS0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD
1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
9 7h
B. Write a piece of code to generate the following periodic signal.

913msec 87mse
F=1/T=1/1000msec=1Hz

A1
A2

CS1 CS0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD

0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
3 7h

CS1 CS0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD

0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
7 7h
CS1 CS0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD
1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
9 7h
Mov dx,F306h start :Mov dx,F300h Mov dx,f304h
Mov al,17h Mov al,13h Mov al,00
Out dx,al out dx,al out dx,al
Mov al,77h Mov dx,F302h Mov al,10
Out dx,al Mov al,00 out dx,al
Mov al,B7h out dx,al
Out dx,al Mov al,10
out dx,al
M/IO’ WR’ A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
0 0 1111 0011 0000 0001

M/IO’ RD’ A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

0 0 1111 0011 0000 0011
B\
.data
Xn db 0
X db 2 dup (0)
Y db 2 dup (0)
Done db 0

Mov BX ,70h
SHL BX,1
SHL BX,1
XOR AX, AX
Mov ES, AX
MOV ES: [BX], offset ISR-82
Mov ES: [BX+2], segment ISR-82
STI

Next: CMP done,0

JE Next
Mov AL,32
IMUL Byte ptr Xn
Mov DX, AX (y ,x) ‫*هنا سنحتاج الى خزن القيم السابقة الـ‬
Mov AL, B
:‫(السابقة كما موضح‬x) ‫ للـ‬Array ‫*سوف نقوم بحجز‬
IMUL Byte ptr X [0]
ADD DX, AX Xn db 0
Mov AL,0 X db 2 dup (0)
IMUL Byte ptr X [1] X [0] ≜ X (n-1)
ADD DX, AX X [1] ≜ X (n-2)
Mov AL,5
Xn ≜ X (n)
IMUL Byte ptr, Y [0]
SUB DX, AX : ‫(السابقة كما موضح‬Y) ‫ الـ‬Array ‫*سوف نقوم بحجز الـ‬
Mov AL,9 Y db 2 dup (0)
IMUL Byte ptr Y [1] Y [0] ≜ X (n-1)
SUB DX, AX Y [1] ≜ X (n-2)
Mov CL,5
SHR DX, CL
Mov AL, DL
Mov DX, F300H
OUT DX, AL

Mov Ah, Y [0]

Mov Y [1], Ah
Mov Y [0], AL

Mov Ah, X [0]

Mov X [1], Ah
Mov Ah, Xn
Mov X [0], Ah
Mov done, 0
JMP Next
---------------------------------------------------
ISR_82 Proc
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
Mov DX, F301H
IN AL, DX
Mov Xn, AL
Mov done ,1
POP DX
POP AX
IRET
ISR-82 ENDP
3/ mov bx ,70h
shl bx,1
shl bx,1
xor ax, ax
mov es, ax
mov es: [bx], offset isr-70
mov es: [bx+2], segment isr-70

Mov dx,f306h
Mov al,80h PPI
Out dx,al

Mov al,0
Mov dx,f300h PA
Out dx,al
STI
Next: jmp next
---------------------------------------------------
ISR_70 Proc
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
Mov DX, F300H
Mov al,0ffh
Out dx,al
POP DX
POP AX
IRET
ISR-70 ENDP
H.W: Design the H/W to interface UART 16650 at base address F301h use crystal of
frequency 1.8432MHz.

IO/M A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A 1 A0

A8
0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 X X X 1
1

‫خالد ناهض نايف‬

‫عمر شهاب احمد‬

3rd
2.Write a piece of code to initiative the UART with the following configuration parameters 8-
bit one stop bit even parity 4800 baud rate and no interrupt enabled.

IO/M A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A 6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Register Addrest

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 X X X 1
0 0 0 1 F301 Data Reg
0 0 1 1 F303 IE Reg
0 1 0 1 F305 II Reg
0 1 1 1 F307 LC Reg
1 0 0 1 F309 MC Reg
1 0 1 1 F30B LS Reg
1 1 0 1 F30D MS Reg
1 1 1 1 F30F Scratch Reg

𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 1.8432 ∗ 106

𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑟 = = = 24 = 00 18ℎ
𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∗ 16 4800 ∗ 16 H L

Line Control Reg. DL SB ST P PE S L1 L0 = 1Bh

0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
8bit
1 Stop bit
MOV AL,80H
MOV DX,F307h ;LCReg Even Parity
OUT DX,AL

MOV AL,18h ; Low - Byte

MOV DX,F301h ;DataReg
OUT DX,AL

MOV AL,0 ; High - Byte

MOV DX,F303h ; IEReg
OUT DX,AL

MOV AL,1BH ; 00011011

MOV DX,F307h ;LCReg 8bit-1stope-Even parity
OUT DX,AL

MOV AL,0 ; Disable interrupt

MOV DX, F303h ;IEReg
OUT DX,AL
 3.Write a piece of code to send X array Serially via the UART. Where X is 8bit array size 1K
Byte
MOV CX,1024
XOR BX,BX
Next: MOV Ah, X[BX]
Call Send
INC BX
Loop Next
Send proc ;Byte in Ah
PUSH DX

MOV DX, F30Bh ; LSReg

N2:IN AL, DX
Test AL,20H
JZ N2

MOV DX,F301h ;DataReg

MOV AL,Ah
OUT DX,AL

POP DX
RET
Send ENDP
EX1: A. Design the H/W required to interface 16550 UART at base address F300h. The frequency
of the crystal is 18.432 MHz (that to be tied to the 16550 UART);

IO/M A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A 6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Register Addrest

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 X X X 0
0 0 0 0 F300 Data Reg
0 0 1 0 F302 IE Reg
0 1 0 0 F304 II Reg
0 1 1 0 F306 LC Reg
1 0 0 0 F308 MC Reg
1 0 1 0 F30A LS Reg
1 1 0 0 F30C MS Reg
1 1 1 0 F30E Scratch Reg
B. Write a piece of code to initialize the UART (with the following configuration
parameters: The baud rate is 9600, 8-bit data, one stop bits and even parity).

𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 18.432 ∗ 106

𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑟 = = = 120 = 00 78ℎ
𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∗ 16 9600 ∗ 16
H L
Mov dx, F306h Mov dx, F306h
Mov al, 80h Divisor Mov al,1Bh frame ‫شكل ال‬
Out dx, al Out dx, al
Mov dx, F300h
Mov dx, F302h
Mov al, 78h Low byte ‫ال يوجد‬
XOR al, al interrupt
Out dx, al 78
Mov dx, F302h Out dx, al
Mov al, 00h High byte DL SB ST P PE SP L1 L0 D SB S P P S L L
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 L T E P 1 0
Out dx, al 00
8 0 h 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
1 B h

C. Y is a square matrix of size 64 X 64 byte. It is stored in computer memory as row major.Write a

piece of code to send serially the upper triangular elements (row by row) of Y matrix (marked dark in
the figure).
Y DB 4096 dup(?); Size of the Y is 64 X 64 = 4096 byte
mov cl,6
xor si, si
n1:mov di, si
n2:mov bx, si
shl bx, cl
add bx, di Location
mov ah, x[bx]
call send
inc di
cmp di,64
jb n2
inc si
cmp si,64
jb n1
Send proc ;Byte in Ah
PUSH DX

MOV DX, F30Ah ; LSReg

N2:IN AL, DX
cmp AL,20H
JZ N2

MOV DX,F300h ;DataReg

MOV AL,Ah
OUT DX,AL

POP DX
RET
Send ENDP
EX2:
Microprocessor system 1 and 2 are connected serially as shown in the figure below. The
UART of system 1 and 2 are interfaced at base address F300h.

1. Write a piece of code for system 1 to send serially X, Y, and Z to system 2.

2. Write a piece of code for system 2 to receive serially X, Y, and Z from system 1.

where: -
X dq 200 dup(?)
Y dw 200 dup(?)
Z dd 200 dup(?)

1. 2.
mov cx,1600 mov cx,1600
Send proc ;Byte in Ah
xor bx, bx PUSH DX xor bx, bx
XX:mov ah, X[bx] XX: call Receive
call send MOV DX, F30Ah ; LSReg mov X[bx],al
inc bx N2:IN AL, DX inc bx
loop XX cmp AL,20H loop XX
JZ N2
mov cx,400 mov cx,400
xor bx, bx MOV DX,F300h ;DataReg xor bx, bx
YY:mov ah, Y[bx] MOV AL,Ah
YY:call Receive
OUT DX,AL
call send mov Y[bx],al
inc bx inc bx
POP DX
loop YY RET loop YY
Send ENDP
mov cx,800 Receive proc mov cx,800
xor bx, bx push DX xor bx, bx
ZZ:mov ah, Z[bx] MOV DX,f30Ah ZZ:call Receive
call send N1:IN AL,DX mov Z[bx],al
inc bx Test AL,1 inc bx
JZ N1
loop ZZ loop ZZ
MOV DX,F300h
IN AL,DX
POP DX
RET
Receive ENDP
IO/M A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Register Addrest
0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 X X X
1 F301 Data Reg
0 0 0 1 F303 IE Reg
0 0 1 1 F305 II Reg
0 1 0 1 F307 LC Reg
0 1 1 1 F309 MC Reg
1 0 0 1 F30B LS Reg
1 0 1 1 F30D MS Reg
1 1 0 1 F30F Scratch Reg
1 1 1 1

A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

1111 0011 0000 0010
 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 2.4567∗106
1- 𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑟 = = = 511 = 01 𝐹𝐹ℎ
𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒∗16 300∗16
H L
Mov dx, F307h Mov dx, F307h
Mov al, 80h Mov al,1Bh frame ‫شكل ال‬
Divisor
Out dx, al
Out dx, al
Mov dx, F301h
Mov dx, F303h
Mov al, FFh Low byte interrupt
MOV al, 01h
Out dx, al FF
Mov dx, F303h Out dx, al
Mov al, 01h High byte DL SB ST P PE SP L1 L0 D SB S P P S L L
Out dx, al 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 L T E P 1 0
01 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
8 0 h
1 B h
2- 0 0 0 0 M L T R
Mov dx,f300h S X X
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Mov al,1Bh ICW1 0 1 h
Out dx,al
Mov dx,f302h
Mov al,97h ICW2
Out dx,al

Mov al,11h ICW4

Out dx,al

3-
Call Receive
Mov Buffer,al

Receive proc
push DX
MOV DX,LSReg
N1:IN AL,DX
Test AL,1
JZ N1
MOV DX,DataReg
IN AL,DX
POP DX
RET
Receive ENDP
 A.

IO/M A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A 5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Register Addrest

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 X X X 1
0 0 0 1 F301 Data Reg
0 0 1 1 F303 IE Reg
0 1 0 1 F305 II Reg
0 1 1 1 F307 LC Reg
1 0 0 1 F309 MC Reg
1 0 1 1 F30B LS Reg
1 1 0 1 F30D MS Reg
1 1 1 1 F30F Scratch Reg
 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 18.432 ∗ 106
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑟 = = = 240 = 00 𝐹0ℎ
𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∗ 16 4800 ∗ 16
H L
Mov dx, F307h Mov dx, F307h
Mov al, 80h Divisor frame ‫شكل ال‬
Mov al,1fh
Out dx, al
Out dx, al
Mov dx, F301h ‫ال يوجد‬
Low byte Mov dx, F303h
Mov al, F0h interrupt
78 XOR al, al
Out dx, al
Mov dx, F303h Out dx, al
Mov al, 00h High byte DL SB ST P PE SP L1 L0 D SB S P P S L L
Out dx, al 00 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 L T E P 1 0
0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
8 0 h
1 B h
MOV CX,2048
XOR BX,BX
Next: MOV Ah, X[BX]
Call Send
INC BX
Loop Next

Send proc
;Byte in Ah
PUSH DX
MOV DX,LSReg
N2:IN AL,DX
Test AL,20H
JZ N2
MOV DX,DataReg
MOV AL,Ah
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
RET
Send ENDP
EX: Write a program to static test a 32Kbyte of RAM starting at address 80000h.
Sol:
8000
.model small 1024𝑥64 = = 4000ℎ save_pat proc
2(𝑑𝑤)
.stack 1024 xor di,di
.data rep stosw
Pattern1 dw 0 ret
Pattern2 dw 0FFFFh save_pat endp
Count dw 4000h check_pat proc
mok db 'RAM is OK.$' xor di,di
merr db 'RAM failure.$' repe scasw
jne N2
.code xor al,al
main proc jmp N3
mov ax,@data N2: mov al,1
mov ds,ax N3: ret
cld check_pat endp
mov ax,8000h end main
mov es,ax
mov cx, Count
mov ax, Pattern1
call save_pat
mov cx, Count
mov ax, Pattern1
call check_pat
or al,al
jnz err
mov cx, Count
mov ax, Pattern2
call save_pat
mov cx, Count
mov ax, Pattern1
call check_pat
or al,al
jnz err
lea dx , mok
mov ah,9
int 21h
jmp N1
err: lea dx , merr
mov ah,9
int 21h
N1: mov ax,4c00h
int 21h
main endp
EX: Write a program to static test a 64Kbyte of SRAM starting at address 88000h.

.model small 10000

1024𝑥64 = = 8000ℎ save_pat proc
.stack 1024 2(𝑑𝑤) xor di,di
.data rep stosw
Pattern1 dw 0 ret
Pattern2 dw 0FFFFh save_pat endp
Count dw 8000h
mok db 'RAM is OK.$' check_pat proc
merr db 'RAM failure.$' xor di,di
repe scasw
.code jne N2
main proc xor al,al
mov ax,@data jmp N3
mov ds,ax N2: mov al,1
N3: ret
cld check_pat endp
mov ax,8800h end main
mov es,ax

mov cx, Count

mov ax, Pattern1
call save_pat
mov cx, Count
mov ax, Pattern1
call check_pat
or al,al
jnz err

mov cx, Count

mov ax, Pattern2
call save_pat
mov cx, Count
mov ax, Pattern1
call check_pat
or al,al
jnz err

lea dx , mok
mov ah,9
int 21h
jmp N1
err: lea dx , merr
mov ah,9
int 21h
N1: mov ax,4c00h
.model small
.stack 1024
.data
Pattern db 0,1, 3, 7,0fh, 1fh, 3fh, 7fh, 0ffh, 0feh,0fch, 0f8h, 0f0h, 0e0h, 0c0h, 80h
db 0,1, 3, 7,0fh, 1fh, 3fh, 7fh, 0ffh, 0feh,0fch, 0f8h, 0f0h, 0e0h, 0c0h, 80h

mok db 'RAM is OK.$' PassTest proc

merr db 'RAM failure.$' push cx
.code
main proc xor di, di
mov ax,@data mov dx ,800h
mov ds,ax N2: lea si, Pattern
cld add si, bx
mov ax,8000h mov cx, 16
mov es,ax rep movsb
mov cx, 16 dec dx
xor bx, bx jnz N2
Next: call PassTest
or al,al xor di, di
jnz err mov dx ,800h
inc bx N4: lea si, Pattern
loop Next add si, bx
lea dx , mok mov cx, 16
mov ah,9 repe cmpsb
int 21h jne N3
jmp N1 dec dx
err: lea dx , merr jnz N4
mov ah,9
int 21h xor al,al
N1: mov ax,4c00h jmp N5
int 21h
main endp N3: mov a1,1

N5: pop cx
Ret

PassTest endp
end main
 3M
= 30 = 1𝐸 𝐻 = 11110
100K

maskch db 80h N1:xor ah,ah

mask db 7 Cmp addr,0
Addr db 0 Je n3
Digit db 35h,03h,….. Dec addr
N3:mov al,addr
Mov dx,F302h Call Display
Mov al,00111110B ;Program clock Jmp next
Out dx,al N2:mov addr,0
Mov dx,F302h
Mov al,00000000B ;8 digit – Left entry Encoded Mov al,1100001b
Out dx,al ;2-key lockout Out dx,al
Jmp next
Mov al,01010000B
Out dx,al ; Program FIFO Display pro

Mov al,11000001B;DC Mov dx,f302h

; clear Display all Or al,Maskch
Out dx,al
one Out dx,al
Mov addr,0 Mov dx,f300h
Next: Call ReadKey Mov al,ah
Test al,80h Out dx,al
Jz N1 Ret
Test al,40h
Jz n2 Display ENDP
Mov ah,al
And ah,18h;scan Readkey proc
Shr ah,1
Mov dx,f302h
And al,3;Return
NN:in al,dx
Or al,ah
Test al,mask
Mov bl,al
Jz NN
Xor bh,bh
Mov dx,f300h
Mov ah,Digit[bx]
In al,dx
Mov al addr Ret
Call Display
Cmp addr,6 Readkey ENDP
Je next
Inc addr
Jmp next
 AX
MOV AX,8000h 1000 0000 0000 0000

EDX AX
MOVZX EDX,AX 0000 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0000

EDX
SHR EDX,4 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000

ESI DX
MOVSX ESI,DX 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000

EAX SI
BSR EAX,SI 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1011 0000 1000 0000 0000

AL
MOV AL,80 0101 0000

EAX
MOVSX EAX,AL 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000 0000

CDQ
EDX EAX
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000 0000
 AL
MOV AL,80H 1000 0000

AX AL
MOVSX AX,AL 1111 1111 1000 0000 1000 0000

EAX AX
MOVZX EAX,AX 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111 1000 0000 1111 1111 1000 0000

ECX
BSR ECX,EAX 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111
EAX
0000 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111 1000 0000
EAX
SHR EAX,16 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000

AX
PUSH AX 0000 0000 0000 0000

CX
PUSH CX 0000 0000 0000 1111

EAX
POP EAX 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111

AX
MOV AX,800FH
1000 0000 0000 1111
EAX AX
MOVZX EAX,AX 0000 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 1111 1000 0000 0000 1111

EAX AL
BTR EAX,AL 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111 0000 1111
CF=1
.model small 20000
1024𝑥128 = 2(𝑑𝑤)=10000h save_pat proc
.stack 1024 xor di,di
.data rep stosw
Pattern1 dw 0 ret
Pattern2 dw 0FFFFh save_pat endp
Count dw 10000h;
mok db 'RAM is OK.$' check_pat proc
merr db 'RAM failure.$' xor di,di
repe scasw
.code jne N2
main proc xor al,al
mov ax,@data jmp N3
mov ds,ax N2: mov al,1
N3: ret
cld check_pat endp
mov ax,0h end main
mov es,ax

mov cx, Count

mov ax, Pattern1
call save_pat
mov cx, Count
mov ax, Pattern1
call check_pat
or al,al
jnz err

mov cx, Count

mov ax, Pattern2
call save_pat
mov cx, Count
mov ax, Pattern1
call check_pat
or al,al
jnz err

lea dx , mok
mov ah,9
int 21h
jmp N1
err: lea dx , merr
mov ah,9
int 21h
N1: mov ax,4c00h
int 21h
main endp
.model small save_pat proc
.stack 1024 10000
xor di,di
1024𝑥64 = =8000h
.data 2(𝑑𝑤)
rep stosw
Pattern1 dw 0 ret
Pattern2 dw 0FFFFh save_pat endp
Count dw 8000h;
mok db 'RAM is OK.$' check_pat proc
merr db 'RAM failure.$' xor di,di
repe scasw
.code jne N2
main proc xor al,al
mov ax,@data jmp N3
mov ds,ax N2: mov al,1
N3: ret
cld check_pat endp
mov ax,6000h end main
mov es,ax

mov cx, Count

mov ax, Pattern1
call save_pat
mov cx, Count
mov ax, Pattern1
call check_pat
or al,al
jnz err

mov cx, Count

mov ax, Pattern2
call save_pat
mov cx, Count
mov ax, Pattern1
call check_pat
or al,al
jnz err

lea dx , mok
mov ah,9
int 21h
jmp N1
err: lea dx , merr
mov ah,9
int 21h
N1: mov ax,4c00h
int 21h
main endp
1-

IO/M A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Register Addrest

0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 X X X 0
0 0 0 0 3f00 Data Reg
0 0 1 0 3f02 IE Reg
0 1 0 0 3f04 II Reg
0 1 1 0 3f06 LC Reg
1 0 0 0 3f08 MC Reg
1 0 1 0 3f0A LS Reg
1 1 0 0 3f0C MS Reg
1 1 1 0 3f0E Scratch Reg
2-
M/IO A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 x 0
 maskch db 80h
mask db 7 Display pro
Digit db 3fh,…. Push dx
Mov dx,f312h
N4:Call ReadKey Or al,Maskch
Mov ah,al Out dx,al
And al,3;Return Mov dx,f310h
And ah,18h;scan Mov al,ah
Shr ah,1 Out dx,al
Or al,ah Pop dx
Ret
ADD al,30h
Cmp al,39h
Display ENDP
Jbe N3
Add al,7
Readkey proc
N3:mov ah,al
Push ax
Call send Psuh dx
Mov bl,al Mov dx,3f12h
And bl,0fh NN:in al,dx
Xor bh,bh Test al,mask
Push AX Jz NN
Mov ah,Digit[bx] Mov dx,f310h
Xor al,al In al,dx
Call Display Pop dx
Pop AX Pop ax
Mov bl,al Ret
Mov cl,4
Shr bl,cl Readkey ENDP
Mov ah,Digit[bx]
Mov al,1 Send proc
Call Display ;Byte in Ah
Jmp N4 Push ax
Psuh dx

MOV DX,3F0Ah
N2:IN AL,DX
Test AL,20H
JZ N2
MOV DX,3f00h
MOV AL,Ah
OUT DX,AL
Pop dx
Pop ax
RET
Send ENDP
M/IO A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 x 0
 1M
= 10 = 1𝐸 𝐻 = 01010𝐵 HexKey
100K

N5:XOR Bh,Bh
Mov dx,F302h MOV BL,AL
Mov al,00101010B ;Program clock SHR BL,1
Out dx,al
AND AL,3
OR BL,AL
Mov al,00010000B ;8 digit – right entry Encoded
Out dx,al MOV Ah,digit[BX]
;2-key lockout MOV AL,digitAdd
Mov al,01010000B Call Disply
Out dx,al ; Program FIFO CMP digitAdd,7
JME N6
Mov al,11011100B;DC CMP digitAdd,0
; clear Display all
Out dx,al JMP Next
one
N6:ADD digitAdd,1
maskch db 80h JMP Next
mask db 7
Addr db 0
Digit db coh,f9h,….. Display pro
Next: Call ReadKey Mov dx,f302h
Text al,40h Shift
Or al,80h
Jz n2
Out dx,al
Cmp digitadd,0
JE N3 Mov dx,f300h
SUB DigitAdd,0 Mov al,ah
JMP N4 Out dx,al
N3:MOV digitAdd,1 Ret
N4:MOV AL,digitAdd
MOV Ah,0FFh Display ENDP
Call Display
JMP NEXT Readkey proc
Control
N2:Test AL,80H Mov dx,f302h
JZ N5 NN:in al,dx
Test al,mask
MOV digitAdd,0 Jz NN
MOV DX,F302H
Mov dx,f300h
MOV AL,11011100B
In al,dx
OUT DX,AL
JMP Next Ret

Readkey ENDP
 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
1111 0011 0000 0001
IO/M A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Register Addrest
0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 X X X 1
0 0 0 1 F311 Data Reg
0 0 1 1 F313 IE Reg
0 1 0 1 F315 II Reg
0 1 1 1 F317 LC Reg
1 0 0 1 F319 MC Reg
1 0 1 1 F31B LS Reg
1 1 0 1 F31D MS Reg
1 1 1 1 F31F Scratch Reg
 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 18.432∗106
1- 𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑟 = = = 480 = 01 𝐸0ℎ
𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒∗16 2400∗16
Mov dx, F317h Mov dx, F317h
Mov al, 80h Mov al,1Bh frame ‫شكل ال‬
Divisor
Out dx, al
Out dx, al
Mov dx, F311h
Mov dx, F313h
Mov al, E0h Low byte interrupt
MOV al, 01h
Out dx, al E0
Mov dx, F313h Out dx, al
Mov al, 01h High byte DL SB ST P PE SP L1 L0 D SB S P P S L L
Out dx, al 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 L T E P 1 0
01 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
8 0 h
1 B h
2- 0 0 0 0 M L T R
Mov dx,f301h S X X
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Mov al,1Bh ICW1 0 1 h
Out dx,al

Mov dx,f303h
Mov al,70h ICW2
Out dx,al

Mov al,11h
ICW4
Out dx,al
3-
.data
Buff db 1024 dup(?)
Index dw 0
mesat db ‘datafull.$'
.code
main proc
Mov cx,1024
Xor si,si
N1:call Receive
Mov buff[si],al
Mov index,si
Cmp index,1024
Je N4
Inc si
Loop next
N4:lea dx,mesat
mov ah,9
int 21h

mov ax,4c00h
int 21h
main endp

Receive proc
push DX
MOV DX,F317h
N1:IN AL,DX
Test AL,1
JZ N1
MOV DX,F311h
IN AL,DX
POP DX
RET
Receive ENDP
 AL
MOV AL,80 0101 0000

EAX AL
MOVSX EAX,AL 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000 0101 0000

EAX
PUSH EAX 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000

CX
POP CX 0000 0000 0000 0000

DX
POP DX 0000 0000 0101 0000
 N5:XOR Bh,Bh HexKey
Mov dx,F302h MOV BL,AL
Mov al,00111110B ;Program clock SHR BL,1
Out dx,al
AND AL,3
OR BL,AL
Mov al,00000000B ;8 digit – Left entry Encoded
Out dx,al MOV Ah,digit[BX]
;2-key lockout MOV AL,digitAdd
Mov al,01010000B Call Disply
Out dx,al ; Program FIFO CMP digitAdd,7
JME N6
Mov al,11011100B;DC CMP digitAdd,0
; clear Display all
Out dx,al JMP Next
one
N6:ADD digitAdd,1
maskch db 80h JMP Next
mask db 7
Addr db 0
Digit db coh,f9h,….. Display pro
Next: Call ReadKey Mov dx,f302h
Text al,40h Shift
Or al,80h
Jz n2
Out dx,al
Cmp digitadd,0
JE N3 Mov dx,f300h
SUB DigitAdd,0 Mov al,ah
JMP N4 Out dx,al
N3:MOV digitAdd,1 Ret
N4:MOV AL,digitAdd
MOV Ah,0FFh Display ENDP
Call Display
JMP NEXT Readkey proc
Control
N2:Test AL,80H Mov dx,f302h
JZ N5 NN:in al,dx
Test al,mask
MOV digitAdd,0 Jz NN
MOV DX,F302H
Mov dx,f300h
MOV AL,11011100B
In al,dx
OUT DX,AL
JMP Next Ret

Readkey ENDP
A.

IO/M A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A 6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Register Addrest

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 X X X 0
0 0 0 0 F300 Data Reg
0 0 1 0 F302 IE Reg
0 1 0 0 F304 II Reg
0 1 1 0 F306 LC Reg
1 0 0 0 F308 MC Reg
1 0 1 0 F30A LS Reg
1 1 0 0 F30C MS Reg
1 1 1 0 F30E Scratch Reg

M/IO A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 x 1
B.
𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 18.432 ∗ 106
𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑟 = = = 60 = 00 3𝐶ℎ
𝐵𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∗ 16 19200 ∗ 16

UART Initialization
Mov dx, F306h Mov dx, F306h
Mov al, 80h frame ‫شكل ال‬
Divisor Mov al,1Bh
Out dx, al 8-bit-1stop bit-even party
Out dx, al
Mov dx, F300h
Mov dx, F302h
Mov al, 3Ch Low byte No interrupt
MOV al, 0h
Out dx, al 3C
Mov dx, F302h Out dx, al
Mov al, 0h High byte DL SB ST P PE SP L1 L0 D SB S P P S L L
Out dx, al 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 L T E P 1 0
00 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
8 0 h
2M 1 B h
= 20 = 14 𝐻 = 10100𝐵 0 0 0 0 M L T R
100K S X X
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 h

Mov dx,F302h Readkey proc

Mov al,00110100B ; Program clock
Out dx,al
Mov dx,f303h
NN:in al,dx
Mov al,0 ;Mode set
Out dx,al Test al,mask
Jz NN
Mov al,01010000B Mov dx,f301h
Out dx,al ; Program FIFO In al,dx
Ret
Next: Call Readkey
Mov ah,al Readkey ENDP
And al,3;Return
And ah,18h;scan
Shr ah,1
Or al,ah Send proc
ADD al,30h ;Byte in Ah
Cmp al,39h Push ax
Jbe N1 Psuh dx
ADD Ah,7
N1: Call send MOV DX,3F0Ah
JMP Next N2:IN AL,DX
Test AL,20H
JZ N2
MOV DX,3f00h
MOV AL,Ah
OUT DX,AL
Pop dx
Pop ax
RET
Send ENDP

RET
EX:
A 8086 microprocessor is to be used in a dedicated controller application as shown in figure1.
Refer to figure 2:
1. Write an assembly subroutine to initialize the PPI. Port-A is to be programmed to operate as strobed
input with interrupt enable, while Port-B as basic output.
2. Write an assembly subroutine to initialize the Timer. Counter-0 and Counter-1 are to be programmed to
generate square waves with 5 KHz and 500 KHz respectively.
3. Write an assembly subroutine to initialize the PIC. IRQ1 will generate interrupt number 61h.
4. Write a piece of code to realize the digital filter.

Figure 1
 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Hex
1111 0000 1100 0XX0
0000→PA F0C0
0010→PB F0C2
0100→PC F0C4
0110→CS F0C6

PPI-Init Proc D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MOV DX,F0C6h 1 mode PA PC.H mode PB PC.L
1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
MOV AL,B0h
OUT DX,AL B 0 h
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MOV AL,9 0 X X X Bit Set/Reset
0 X X X 1 0 0 1
OUT DX,AL
RET 0 9 h
PPI-Init ENDP

A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Hex

1111 0000 1100 1XX0
1000→C0 F0C8
1010→C1 F0CA
1100→C2 F0CC
1110→CS F0CE

1M 1M
𝑂𝑈𝑇0 = = 200 = 𝐶8 , 𝑂𝑈𝑇1 = = 2000 = 07𝐷0
5K 500

Time-Init Proc
C0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MOV DX,F0CEh SC1 SC0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD
MOV AL,36h 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
OUT DX,AL 3 6 h
MOV AL,76h
OUT DX,AL
C1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
SC1 SC0 RW1 RW0 M2 M1 M0 BCD
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
MOV DX,F0C8h
MOV AL,C8 7 6 h
OUT DX,AL

MOV AL,0h
OUT DX,AL

MOV DX,F0CAh
MOVAL,D0h
OUT DX,AL

MOV AL,07h
OUT DX,AL
RET
Time-Init ENDP
 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Hex
1111 0000 1101 10X0
1000 F0D0
1010 F0D2

PIC-Init Proc
ICW1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MOV DX,F0D0h A7 A6 A5 1 LTIM ADI SNGL IC4
MOV AL,13h 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
OUT DX,AL 1 3 h
ICW2
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MOV DX,F0D2h A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8
MOV AL,61h 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
OUT DX,AL 6 1 h
ICW4
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MOV AL,11h 0 0 0 SFN BUF M/S AEOI mPM
OUT DX,AL M
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
MOV AL,0FDh OCW1 1 1 h
OUT DX,AL D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
M7 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 M0
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
MOV DX,F0D0h F D h
MOV AL,20h OCW2
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
OUT DX,AL R SL EOI 0 0 L2 L1 L0
RET 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 h
PIC-Init ENDP
4-
.data
Xn db 0
X db 2 dup (0)
Y db 2 dup (0)
Done db 0
Call PPI-Init
Call Time-Init
Call PIC-Init
Mov BX ,61h
SHL BX,1
SHL BX,1
XOR AX, AX
Mov ES, AX
Mov ES: [BX], offset ISR-61
Mov ES: [BX+2], segment ISR-61
STI
MOV CL,5
Next: CMP done,0
JE Next
Mov AL,32
IMUL Byte ptr Xn
Mov DX, AX
Mov AL, B
IMUL Byte ptr X [0]
ADD DX, AX
Mov AL,0
IMUL Byte ptr X [1]
ADD DX, AX
Mov AL,5
IMUL Byte ptr, Y [0]
SUB DX, AX
Mov AL,9
IMUL Byte ptr Y [1]
SUB DX, AX
Mov CL,5
SHR DX, CL
Mov AL, DL
Mov DX, F300H
OUT DX, AL

Mov Ah, Y [0]

Mov Y [1], Ah
Mov Y [0], AL

Mov Ah, X [0]

Mov X [1], Ah
Mov Ah, Xn
Mov X [0], Ah
Mov done, 0
JMP Next
---------------------------------------------------
ISR_61 Proc
PUSH AX
PUSH DX
Mov DX, F0C0H
IN AL, DX
Mov Xn, AL
Mov done ,1
MOV AL,20h
MOV DX,F0D0
OUT DX,AL
POP DX
POP AX
IRET
ISR-61 ENDP
A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Hex
1111 0011 0001 0XX0
0000→PA F310
0010→PB F312
0100→PC F314
0110→CS F316

A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

1111 0011 0000 0000
Main proc
PA
MOV AX,@Data D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MOV DS,AX 1 mode PA PC.H mode PB PC.L
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
MOV DX,F316h 8 0 h
MOV AL,80h
OUT DX,AL

ICW1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MOV DX,F300h A7 A6 A5 1 LTI ADI SNG IC4
M L
MOV AL,13h 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
OUT DX,AL
ICW2 1 3 h
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MOV DX,F302h A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8
MOV AL,70h
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
OUT DX,AL
ICW4 7 0 h
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
MOV AL,11h 0 0 0 SFN BUF M/S AEOI mPM
OUT DX,AL M
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
MOV AL,0FEh OCW1 1 1 h
OUT DX,AL D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
M7 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 M0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
MOV DX,F300h F E h
MOV AL,20h OCW2
OUT DX,AL D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
R SL EOI 0 0 L2 L1 L0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
N1 :Mov dx,70h 2 0 h
In al,dx
Cmp al,0
Jz N1
Mov dx,F310h
Mov al,0FFh
Out dx,al

Main ENDP
A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Hex
1111 0011 0000 0XX1
0001→C0 F301
0011→C1 F303
0101→C2 F305
0111→CS F307
 t=T/M=8ms/100=278
𝑓𝑎 2
𝑓𝑑 = 28 = ∗ 256
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 12
mov dx,f301h
next:xor al,al
out dx,al
call delay 20ms
mov al,43
out dx,al
call delay 20ms
n1:inc al
out dx,al
cmp al,171
jnz n1
mov al,43
out dx,al
call delay 20ms
jmp next