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DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS & ACTUARIAL SCIENCE

SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL & MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
1ST SEMESTER, 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR

COURSE SYLLABUS
Course Code and Title: STAT 111: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY I
Credits: Three (3)

Lecture Period(s): Mondays (07:30 – 09:20 GMT; 9:30 – 11:20 GMT; 15:30 – 17:20 GMT),
Tuesdays (7:30 – 8:20 GMT; 15:30 – 17:20 GMT; 17:30 - 19:20 GMT),
Thursdays (17:30 – 19:20 GMT) & Friday (13:30 - 14:20 GMT; 15:30 – 17:20 GMT).
Lecture Venue: DEPT. OF STATISTICS LECTURE ROOM 002, ROOM 202, JQB 14, JQB 09, N3 &
L/OT 1
Course Lecturers: Prof. Ezekiel Nii Noye Nortey (ENNN), Dr. Anani Lotsi (AL), Prof. Richard Minkah
(RM), Dr. Gabriel Kallah-Dagadu (GK-D), Dr. Edward Acheampong (EA), Dr.
Enoch Sakyi-Yeboah (ES-Y), Dr. Godwin Debrah (GD), Dr. Ernest Somua-
Wiafe (ES-W)
Course Lecturers Office Locations E-mails Lecture Hours Office Hours:
Prof. Ezekiel Nii Room 007 [email protected] Monday 15:30 – Thursdays
Noye Nortey 17:20 STAT 002 (12:30 – 16:30
(Coordinator) Thursday 17: 30 – GMT)
Mathematical 18:20 STAT 002
Science Group 1
Dr. Edward Room 204 [email protected] Monday 3:30 –
Acheampong 5:20 JQB 09
Mathematical Thursday 18:30 –
Science Group 2 19:20 LOT1
Dr. Enoch Sakyi- Room 209 [email protected] Tuesday 15:30 –
Yeboah 16:20 STAT 002
Information Friday 15:30 –
Technology Group 16:20 JQB 19
Dr. Anani Lotsi Room 213 [email protected] Monday 07:30 –
Actuarial Science 09:20 STAT 202
Group 1 Tuesday 07:30 –
08:20 STAT 202
Dr. Ernest Somua- Room 209 [email protected] Monday 9:30 –
Wiafe 11:20 N3
Actuarial Science Thursday 18:30 –
Group 2 19:20 STAT 002
Dr. Gabriel Kallah- Room 005 [email protected] Monday 16.30 – Tuesdays and
Dagadu 17.20 LOT 1 Fridays (11:00-
Allied Health Tuesday 17:30 – 15:30 GMT)

STAT 111 Course Outline_2024/2025 Page 1 of 6

 Sciences Group 19:20 E9
Prof. Richard Room 211 [email protected] Monday 07:30 – Wednesdays
Minkah 09:20 STAT 002 (9:00-17:00
Humanities Group 1 Tuesday 07:30 – GMT)
08:20 STAT 002
Dr. Godwin Debrah Room 006 [email protected] Tuesday 17:30 –
Humanities Group 2 19:20 LOT 2
Friday 14:30 –
15:20 JQB 14

Pre-requisites: Elective Mathematics (Preferably A1 – B3)

Introduction/Subject or Course Overview:

It is the first sequel of a preliminary course in elementary statistical methods and probability theory designed to
introduce students to basic mathematical statistics and some corresponding theorems and their proofs. The course
content also aims to introduce students to introductory model applications relevant to problem solving in varied
disciplines e.g. production, marketing, engineering etc.

Course Objectives/Goals:
The course offers comprehensive understanding and application, providing a systematic development
of the principles and methods of elementary statistical methods and probability theory.

This course provides you with skills by giving and understanding the principles of elementary
statistical methods and probability theory.

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
 Demonstrate knowledge of statistical terms
 Understand the different between descriptive and inferential statistics
 Identify: types of data, measurement level of variables, and the four basic random sampling
techniques (Simple random sampling, Systematic sampling, Stratified sampling and Cluster
sampling)
 Use data reduction/manipulation techniques to describe univariate and bivariate data
 Construct the relative frequency table from a given set of ungroup data
 Know and use the different graphs: histogram, frequency polygon, Ogives, Pareto, and pie to
present data
 Compute the mean, median, mode, midrange, range, variance, and standard deviation from
data and give commentary on same
 Identify the various measures of position such as percentiles, deciles, and quartiles
 Draw scatter plot for a set of ordered pairs
 Construct a contingency/crosstabulation of categorical data
 Compute contingency dependency measures: Chi-square, Cramer, Phi and Kappa coefficients
 Compute the rank and product moment correlation coefficient and the coefficient of
determination
 Understand concepts of set theory and their relevance in elementary probability computations
 Distinguish between permutation and combination and solve their related problems
 Determine sample spaces and find the probability of an event using classical probability
 Find the total number of outcomes in a sequence of events using tree diagram and multiplication
rule

STAT 111 Course Outline_2024/2025 Page 2 of 6

  Understand and use the basic concepts of probability in problem solving
 Find the probability of compound events using addition and/or multiplication rules
 Find the conditional probability of an event
 Understand and use the total probability rule and the Bayes Theorem in solving practical
problems

Course Delivery:
Mode of course delivery will include lectures – face-to-face as well as virtual, tutorials etc.), including
presentations, etc. There will be six weeks of lectures of 6 hours a week.

Plagiarism policy
Plagiarism in any form is unacceptable in the University of Ghana and shall be treated as a serious offence.
Appropriate sanctions, as stipulated in the Plagiarism Policy of the University of Ghana Undergraduate Handbook,
will be applied when students are found to have violated the Plagiarism policy.

Assessment and Grading (as applicable)

Quizzes 10 %
Exercises 10 %
Mid-Semester Test/Interim Assessment 10 %
Final Exam 70 %

Grading Scale:
Refer to the Undergraduate Handbook

Reading List /Required Text

Bluman, A. G. Elementary Statistics, A Step by Step Approach, 10th Edition, McGraw-Hill Education,
ISBN: 978- 1264094592
Degroot, M. H. (1986). Probability and Statistics. Addison Wesley Publishing Co. Inc.
Gane Samb L. O. (2017). A Course on Elementary Probability Theory. Statistics and Probability Society
(SPAS) Book Series. Saint-Louis, Calgary, Alberta
Grinstead C. M. & Snell, J. L. Introduction to Probability. Amsbook
Roussas, G. (2003). An Introduction to Probability and Statistical Inference. Academic Press.
Elsevier Science
Rosenkrantz, W. A. (1997). Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Scientists and Engineers.
McGraw-Hill
Ross, S. M. (1998). A first course to Probability. 5 th Edition. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New
Jersey
Ross, S. M. (2009). Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists. 4 th Edition.
Elsevier
Ross, S. M. (2010). Introduction to Probability models. 10th Edition. Elsevier
Schaum’s Outline Series on Probability and Statistics

Other Information
• Disclaimer: This Course Outline may be subjected to changes as when necessary
• Any other information:
It is expected of every student to be punctual (class attendance will be graded); Assignments are
to be submitted by close of day (17:00 GMT) on or before the deadline which will be indicated on
the assignment sheet. Students are required to comport themselves during lecture hours.
Use of mobile phones during lecture hours is strictly prohibited.

Calculator
You can use any of the following recommended brands of calculators: Texas Instrument (TI) and Casio
with the following models:
STAT 111 Course Outline_2024/2025 Page 3 of 6
  TI-30XS Multi View/TI-30XB Multi View
 TI BA II Plus
 TI-30XB
 TI BA – 35
 TI – 30XIIS/TI – 30XIIB
 Casio FX, EX 82 , 83 , 85 , etc.

Course Title INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

Course Code STAT 111

Purpose: A preliminary course in statistical methods and probability theory and is specifically designed to
introduce students to basic st a t i st i c a l m e t hods, proba bi l i t y a nd ra ndom proc e sse s i n
terms of tools needed for bui l di ng a nd unde rst a ndi ng proba bi l i st i c m ode l s . The
course content also aims to introduce s t u d e n t s to applications relevant in various
disciplines e.g. production, marketing, engineering, health, agriculture etc.
The objective is to provide students with deep understanding of basic statistical methods and
Objectives: probability terms and ability to use elementary probability models in solving real world problems.

Course Outline
This course introduces students to basic principles in Statistics and Probability. The
definition, reduction, and interpretation of data. Simple descriptive and exploratory data
analysis. Graphical displays and numerical characterization of data. Introduction to basic
concepts of Probability; Random Events and Random Variables, and Bayes Theorem.
Students will be given overview of computational statistics and an introduction to the
computing environment. The statistical software (R, Minitab, Excel and Stata) will be used
to execute basic concepts learned in class. Methods of data description and analysis using
R, Minitab, Excel and Stata: emphasis on learning statistical methods and concepts through
hands-on experience with real data. One hour Lab session a week will be organized for
students by the Teaching Assistant.
Week Lecture Topic Venue(s) Assessment

1 1. General Introduction to Statistics Rm 002,

1.1 The nature of statistics Rm 202,
Lecture Slides – 1.2 Definition of Statistics L/OT 1,
ENNN 1.3 Definition of terminologies in statistics JQB09
1.4 Uses of statistics JQB14
N3
1 1.5
Types of data “
1.5.1
Numerical data (count, rank, measurement or quantitative)
Lecture Slides – 1.5.2
Non-numerical data (Qualitative or Categorical)
ENNN 1.6
Levels of measurement
1.7
Samples and population
1.8
Census and Sample survey
1.9
Random Sampling techniques (Simple random, Systematic,
Stratified and Cluster). Simple cases only with examples
2 2. Data Reduction Techniques “ Exercise 1
2.1 Frequency and Relative frequency
Lecture Slides – 2.2 Cumulative frequency and cumulative relative frequency
ENNN / ES-Y 2.3 Cross tabulation for bivariate data
2.4 Graphs and Charts
2.4.1 Stem-and-leaf
2.4.2 Box-and-whisker
STAT 111 Course Outline_2024/2025 Page 4 of 6
3 2. Data Reduction Techniques (Cont’d) “
2.4.3 Scatter plots
Lecture Slides – 2.4.4 Bar chart
ENNN / ES-Y 2.4.5 Pie chart
2.4.6 Ogives and Frequency polygons
2.4.7 Line graphs
2.4.8 Histograms
3 3. Descriptive Statistics “ Exercise 2
Lecture Slides — 3.1 Measures of Location
RM / AL / ES-W 3.1.1 Arithmetic mean
3.1.2 Geometric mean
3.1.3 Harmonic mean
3.1.4 Relationship between arithmetic, geometric and harmonic
means
3.1.5 Median
3.1.6 Mode
3.1.7 Relationship between arithmetic mean, median and mode
3.1.8 Other measures of location (Quartiles, Deciles and
Percentiles)
4 3. Descriptive Statistics (Cont’d)
3.2 Measures of Variability
Lecture Slides — 3.2.1 Variance and Standard Deviation
RM / AL / ES-W 3.2.2 Coefficient of Variation
3.2.3 Other measures of variation (Range, Inter-Quartile Range,
Semi- Inter-Quartile Range)
3.3 Measures of Symmetry and Distribution
3.3.1 Skewness measure
3.3.2 Kurtosis measure
3.3.3 Characterization of symmetry
5 4. Descriptive Statistics for Bivariate Data “ Interim
4.1 Contingency table and associated relationship measures Assessment 1
Lecture Slides --- 4.1.1 Cramer V
GK-D/ GD / ES- 4.1.2 Phi
W 4.1.3 Kappa
4.2 Covariance and Correlation
4.2.1 Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient with treatment of
ties
4.2.2 Kendall’s rank correlation coefficient with treatment of ties
4.2.3 Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient
6 5. Set Theory and Counting Processes “
Lecture Slides — 5.1 Definition of Sets, Types, Operations and Properties
EA / GK-D 5.2 Use of Venn Diagrams, Two and Three Set Problems,
Inclusion-Exclusion Criteria
7 Set Theory and Counting Processes Cont’d Exercise 3
Lecture Slides — 5.3 Permutations (Restricted and Unrestricted),
EA / GK-D 5.4 Combinations (Restricted and Unrestricted)
5.5 Assigning Probabilities
8 6. Random Experiments “
6.1 Experiments, Outcome, Sample Space and Events
Lecture Slides— 6.2 Definition and History of Probability, Subjective, Classical
EA / AL and Frequentist Approaches to Probability
6.3 Axioms and Laws of Probability
9 7. Random Experiments (Cont./…) “ Exercise 4
6.4 Conditional Probability
STAT 111 Course Outline_2024/2025 Page 5 of 6
Lecture Slides— 6.4.1 Total Probability Rule (TPR)
EA / AL 6.4.2 Bayes’ Theorem
10 6.4.3 Applications of TPR and Bayes’ theorem Interim
“ Assessment 2
Lecture Slides—
EA / AL

11 Revision “
12 Revision/Exams “

13 Exams

Revised: January 2025

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