KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA OF BHANDARA

HOLIDAY HOMEWORK AUTUMN BREAK 2024-25

CLASS XI SUBJECT – CHEMISTRY

Q1. If 700 mL of H2 at STP contains x molecules of it, how many molecules of O2 are present in 700
mL of it at the same temperature and pressure?
Q2. Nitrogen combines with dihydrogen according to the reaction. N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)
What is the ratio in their volumes under similar conditions of temperature and pressure?
Q3. We don’t see a car moving as a wave on the road and why?
Q4. Arrange the electrons represented by the following sets of quantem number in decreasing order
of energy.
n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = +1/2
n = 3, l = 1, m = 1, s = -1/2
n = 3, l = 2, m = 0, s = +1/2
Q5. Calculate the total number of required angular nodes and radial nodes present in the 3p orbital.
Q6. Chlorophyll present in green leaves of the plants absorbs light at 4.620 × 1014 Hz. Calculate the
wavelength of the radiation in nanometers. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum does it
belong to?
Q7. The electronic configuration of valence shell of Cu is 3d104s1 and not 3d94s2. How is this
configuration explained?
Q8. Why the electron gain enthalpy of fluorine is less negative than that of chlorine?
Q9. What is IUPAC name of element having atomic number 107.
Q10. Which of the following have largest and the shortest ionic radii? - O 2–, F–, Na+ and Mg2+
Q11. Which among the following has the largest dipole moment? (a) NH3 (b) H2O (c) HI (d) SO3
Q12. Which of the following pairs of molecules will have permanent dipole moment for both
members? (a) NO2 and CO2 (b) NO2 and O3 (c) SiF4 and CO2 (d) SiF4 and NO2
Q13. Which out of NH3 and NF3 has higher dipole moment and why?
Q14. What is meant by hybridisation of atomic orbitals? Describe the shapes of sp, sp 2, sp3 hybrid
orbitals.
Q15. Compare the relative stability of the following species and indicate their magnetic properties:
O2, O2 - (Superoxide),O22- (peroxide)
Q16. Explain why O-O bond lengths in ozone molecule are equal?
Q17. How many sigma – and - bond are there in a molecule of C2H4 (ethene )?
Q18. What are IUPAC sign conventions for Heat and work?
Q19. What is Heat capacity at constant pressure? Write formula and unit also.
Q20. Why does entropy increase on mixing of two gases?
Q21. CASE STYDY BASED QUESTION - 1
The periodic table of the elements
The periodic table, also known as the periodic table of the elements, arranges the chemical elements
into rows ("periods") and columns ("groups"). It is an organizing icon of chemistry and is widely
used in physics and other sciences. It is a depiction of the periodic law, which says that when the
elements are arranged in order of their atomic numbers an approximate recurrence of their properties
is evident. The table is divided into four roughly rectangular areas called blocks. Elements in the
same group tend to show similar chemical characteristics. Vertical, horizontal and diagonal trends
characterize the periodic table. Metallic character increases going down a group and decreases from
left to right across a period. Nonmetallic character increases going from the bottom left of the
periodic table to the top right. Elements with similar chemical properties generally fall into the same
group in the periodic table, although in the f-block, and to some respect in the d-block, the elements
in the same period tend to have similar properties, as well. Thus, it is relatively easy to predict the
chemical properties of an element if one knows the properties of the elements around it.
Answer the following questions:
(a) Why do Li and Mg show similarity in their properties ?
(b) In terms of the period and group, where would you locate the element with Z =114?
(c) First member of every group shows anomalous behaviour .Why?
Q22. ASSERTION AND REASON TYPE QUESTIONS
Note : In the following questions a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given.
Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Assertion and reason both are true, reason is correct explanation of assertion.
(b) Assertion and reason both are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, reason is true
1. Assertion : When two hydrogen atoms come together to form bond their energies first decreases
then increases.
Reason : In the beginning in hydrogen atoms the total attractive forces is less than the total repulsive
forces but after a certain distance the repulsive forces become higher than attractive forces.
2. Assertion: Pi bond is weaker than sigma bond
Reason: The pi bond is formed by larger intermerging of the lobes.
3. Assertion: Hybrid orbitals are formed by those orbitals which have unequal energies.
Reason: The bond formed by hybrid orbitals is stronger than unhybrdised orbitals.
4. Assertion: The hybridized orbitals are directional in nature therefore indicates the geometry of the
molecules.
Reason:- Geometry and shape of the molecules are the same for all types of molecules
5. Assertion: The bonding molecular orbital has lower energy and hence greater stability than the
corresponding antibonding molecular orbital.
Reason: The bonding orbital is formed by the constructive interference of the wave function.
Q23. CASE STUDY BASED QUESTION - 1
Molecular Orbital Theory
Molecular Orbital Theory is a chemical bonding theory that states that individual atoms combine
together to form molecular orbitals. Due to the arrangement in Molecular Orbital Theory, electrons
related to different nuclei are found in different atomic orbitals. In molecular orbital theory, the
electrons in a molecule are not assigned to individual chemical bonds between the atoms. Rather,
they are treated as moving under the influence of the atomic nuclei in the entire molecule.
• • The theory was developed by F. Hund and R. S. Mulliken at the beginning of the 20th
century.
• • It aimed to describe the structure and properties of different molecules.
• • Molecular orbital theory turned out to be more powerful than the valence-bond theory.
• • The orbitals described by molecular orbital theory reflect the geometries of the molecules to
which it is applied.

1. Which of the following about molecular orbital is incorrect?

a) Molecular orbitals are forms by the linear combination of atomic orbitals
b) It helps us to find the magnetic character of the species
c) The energies of π2px and π2py molecular orbitals are same
d) It gives information about the geometry of the molecules.

2. Considering x-axis as the internuclear axis which out of the following will form a sigma bond?
(a) 1s and 2s
(b) 1s and 2px
(c) 2py and 2pz
(d) 1s and 2s
3. How will you prove that C2 molecule has 2 bonds and both are pi bonds?

Q24.MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS OF THERMODYNAMICS

1.A well stoppered thermos flask contains some ice cubes. This is an example of
(a) Closed system (b) Open system
(c) Isolated system (d) Non thermodynamics system
2. For the reaction C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g)
(a) △H >△U (b) △H < △U
(c) △H = △U (d) None of these
3. For an ideal gas, CV and CP are related as :
(a) CV – CP = R (b) CV + CP = R
(c) CP – Cv = RT (d) CP – Cv = R
4. The least random state of the water system is:
(a) ice (b) liquid water
(c) steam (d) randomness is same
5. Considering entropy(S) thermodynamic parameters the criteria for the spontaneity of any process
is:
(a) △S system + △S surroundings > 0 (b) △S system – △S surroundings < 0
(c) △S system > 0 (d) △S surroundings > 0
6. The enthalpy change in a reaction does not depend upon
(a) the state of reactions and products
(b) the nature of the reactants and products
(c) different intermediate steps in the reaction
(d) initial and final enthalpy of the reaction
7. The correct relationship between free energy change in a reaction and the corresponding
equilibrium constant KC is
(a) -△G = RT lnKC (b) △G0 = RT lnKC
(c) -△G0 = RT lnKC (d) △G = RT lnKC
8. What is the entropy change (in JK-1 mol-1) when 1 mole of ice is converted into water at 0℃? (The
enthalpy change for the conversion of ice to liquid water is 6.0 kJ mol -1 at 0℃)
(a) 20.13 (b) 2.013
(c) 2.198 (d) 21.98
9. If liquids A and B form an ideal solution
(a) the entropy of mixing is zero
(b) the free energy of mixing is zero
(c) the free energy as well as the entropy of mixing are zero
(d) the enthalpy of mixing is zero
Q25. CASE BASED QUESTION
We can measure the transfer of heat from one system to another which cause change in temperature.
The magnitude of change in temperature depends upon heat capacity of the substance. The enthalpy
change of reaction remains the same irrespective of number ofsteps is Hess's law.It helps to calculate
enthalpy of formation, combustion and other enthalpy changes. Enthalpy change can also be
calculated by using bond enthalpies. First law gives law of conservation of energy but does not give
direction of reaction. Second law states, entropy of universe is continuously increasing due to
spontaneous processes taking place in it. ΔΔH and ΔΔS (entropy change) cannot decide spontaneity
of process. We need ΔΔG (free energy change) which is -ve for spontaneous, +ve for non-
spontaneous. ΔΔG = 0 for process in equilibrium. ΔΔG is related to equilibrium constant. If ΔΔG = -
ve, 'K' is +ve and vice versa. Third law of thermodynamics states the entropy of perfectly crystalline
substance is zero at zero kelvin.
(a) We can determine ΔH lattice with the help of cycle. Name the cycle.
(b) How can we calculate enthalpy of solution?
(c) What is molar heat capacity of water in equilibrium with ice at constant pressure?
(d) Standard entropy of X2 , Y2 and XY3 are 60, 40 and 50 JK-1 mol-1 respectively. For the reaction
1/2X2+ 3/2Y2⟶XY3, ΔH=−30 KJ to be at what temperature, process will be at equilibrium. (f) What
are sign of ΔH and ΔS for process to be always spontaneous?