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States of Matter Solids Liquids and Gases F2

All matter is composed of tiny, moving particles that are not visible to the naked eye, with different arrangements in solids, liquids, and gases. The kinetic theory of matter explains how particle movement and arrangement relate to the properties of these states. Solids cannot be compressed due to tightly packed particles, while gases can be easily compressed because their particles are far apart with large spaces between them.

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13 views4 pages

States of Matter Solids Liquids and Gases F2

All matter is composed of tiny, moving particles that are not visible to the naked eye, with different arrangements in solids, liquids, and gases. The kinetic theory of matter explains how particle movement and arrangement relate to the properties of these states. Solids cannot be compressed due to tightly packed particles, while gases can be easily compressed because their particles are far apart with large spaces between them.

Uploaded by

Gabriella
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE PARTICULATE NATURE OF

MATTER

All matter is made up of


particles.
The particles are too small to
be seen by the naked eye.
The particles are always
moving
The particles are arranged
differently in solids, liquids
and gases.
Definition of matter: matter is
anything that has mass and
occupies space. This means all
matter has mass and volume.

The kinetic theory of matter


The kinetic theory helps to explain the way
in which
matter behaves. The evidence is consistent
with the
idea that all matter is made up of tiny
particles.

The main points of the theory are:


 l All matter is made up of tiny, moving
particles,
invisible to the naked eye. Different
substances
have different types of particles (atoms,
molecules
or ions) which have different sizes.
 l The particles move all the time. The
higher the
temperature, the faster they move on
average, ie the higher the kinetic energy the
particles possess.
 l Heavier particles move more slowly than
lighter
ones at a given temperature.

The kinetic theory can be used as a


scientific model
to explain how the arrangement of particles
relates to the properties of the three states
of matter.
The three states of matter

Matter exists in three different states: solid, liquid


and gas.

The following diagrams show the arrangement of


particles in solids, liquids and gases .

Identify the states P, Q and R.

The table below summarises the properties of matter in each of the three states.

Properties State of matter


Solid Liquid Gas
Arrangement of Particles are The particles The particles are
particles arranged in a arranged in a arranged in a
regular pattern. random manner. random manner.

Separation of Particles are The particles are The particles are


particles tightly packed. still touching, but far apart, with
There are no they are not as very large spaces
spaces between closely packed as between them.
the particles. in the solid state. The particles do
not touch at all.

Forces of Very strong forces Strong forces , Very weak forces


attraction but weaker than of attraction.
between the in solids and
particles stronger than in
gases.
Movement Vibrate on spot, The particles flow The particles
they vibrate in in and out of each move
their fixed other; the randomly( in all
positions. particles slide directions) at high
past each other. speed
Shape Fixed shape Take the shape of Have no fixed
the container, shape
have no fixed
shape.
Volume Fixed volume Fixed volume Have no fixed
volume; Take the
volume of the
container/ they fill
all the available
space.
compressibility Cannot be Can be slightly Can be easily
compressed compressed compressed.

Question: Explain why solids cannot be compressed while gases can be easily
compressed.

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