Pre-Board Examination (2024-25)

Class- X
Subject: Mathematics Basic
Marking Scheme

Section A
3 3
1. (C) x y z 1
2. (C) x2– x –12 1
3. (D) 0, 8 1
4. (B) an AP with d = 4 1
5. (B) 3 1
6. (A) (2, 2) 1
7. (B) 3 1
8. 4 1
(A) 3
9. 1 1
(D)13
10. (A) 2 1
11. (B) 45° 1
12. (D) 110° 1
13. (C) 3 cm 1
14. (A) π𝑟 2 θ 1
360
15. (A) a cone and a cylinder 1
16. (B) 2r cm 1
17. (B) median 1
18. (B)315 1
19. A) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of 1
assertion (A)
20. D)Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true. 1
Section B
Section B consists of 5 questions of 2 marks each.
21. Two numbers cannot have 6 as their HCF and 100 as their LCM since LCM is always divisible 2
by HCF and here 100 is not divisible by 6.
OR
Weknow
HCF (119, 221) X LCM (119, 221) = Product of the numbers
119 𝑋 221
i.e. LCM (119, 221) = HCF (119,221)
119 𝑋 221
= 17
= 7 𝑋 221
= 1547
22. Let P(– 1, 6) divides joining of A(– 3, 10) and B(6, – 8) in the ratio m1:m2 2
Then, we know
(𝑚1 𝑋 6):(𝑚2 𝑋;3) (𝑚1 𝑋 𝑥2):(𝑚2 𝑋 𝑥1)
-1 = [ since x =
m1:m2 m1:m2
i.e. m1 + m2 = 6 m1 – 3m2
i.e. m1 - 6m1 = - m2 – 3m2
i.e. -5m1 = – 4m2
i.e. m1 : m2= 4:5
 So, the required ratio is 4:5
23. Since P(x, y) is equidistant from the point A(3, 6) and B(– 3, 4), 2
So, PA = PB
i.e. PA2 = PB2
i.e. (3 – x)2 + (6 - y)2 = (-3 - x)2 + (4 - y)2
i.e. 9 – 6x + x2 + 36 – 12y + y2 = 9 + 6x + x2 + 16 – 8y + y2
i.e. – 6x + 36 – 12y = 6x + 16 – 8y
i.e. – 6x + 36 – 12y - 6x - 16 + 8y = 0
i.e. -12x -4y + 20 = 0
i.e. 3x + y - 5 = 0
This is the required relation between x and y.
24. Since cos 600 = 1 and cos 300 = √3, 2
2 2
So, A + B = 600 …….. (i)
0
And A – B = 30 …….. (ii)
Solving equations (i) and (ii), we get
A = 450 and B = 150
25. 2

(OR)
A coin is tossed two times so the possible outcomes are (H,H), (H,T), (T,H), (T,T) = 4
Getting at most one head = (H,T), (T,H), (T,T)
3
so, the probability of getting at most one head = 4
Section C
Section C consists of 6 questions of 3 marks each.
26. Proof as given in NCERT textbook example. 3
27. Find the zeroes of the polynomial6x2 + 5 √3x – 3 by factorisation method and verify the 3
relation between the zeroes and the coefficients of the polynomial.
Here, p(x) = 6x2 + 5 √3x – 3
= 6x2 + (6√3 − √3)x – 3
= 6x2 + 6√3 𝑥 − √3x – 3
= 6x (x + √3) - √3 (x + √3)
= (x + √3) (6x - √3)
√3
So, the zeros of the polynomial 6x2 + 5 √3x – 3are - √3 and 6
√3
Now, sum of zeros = - √3 + 6
5√3 Coefficient of Coefficient of x
=- = - Coefficient of Coefficient of 𝑥2
6
√3
Product of zeros = - √3 X 6
3 1 Constant term
= - 6 = −2 = Coefficient of Coefficient of 𝑥 2

28. For Given, To Prove, Construction 1-mark 3

For Correct Proof 2-marks
29. Let the base of a triangle = x cm 3
Then, its altitude = (x - 17) cm
Hypotenuse = 25 cm
By Pythagoras theorem, we have
x 2 + (x - 17) 2 = 25 2
i.e. x 2 + x 2 – 34x + 289 = 625
i.e. 2 x 2 – 34x – 336 = 0
i.e. x 2 – 17x – 168 = 0
i.e. x 2 – (24-7) x – 24 x 7 = 0
i.e. x 2 – 24 x + 7 x– 24 x 7 = 0
i.e. x (x – 24) + 7 (x – 24) = 0
i.e. (x - 24) (x + 7) = 0
so, x = 24, -7
Since x is taken length so, it cannot be negative.
Therefore, base of the triangle = 24 cm
And, its altitude = x – 17 = 24 – 17 = 7cm
OR
Here, we have
a = 6, b = -7, c = 2
so, discriminant = b 2 – 4ac
= (-7) 2 – 4 x 6 x 2
= 49 – 48 = 1 ˃ 0, hence the equation will have real roots.
Now, by Quadratic Formula, we have
;𝑏±√𝑏 2 ;4𝑎𝑐
x= 2𝑎
7±√1 7±1 7:1 7;1 8 6 2 1
= = = , = 12, 12 = 3 , 2
2𝑋6 12 12 12
2 1
Therefore, the required roots are 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2.
30. We have, LHS = (sin A + cosec A)2 + (cos A + sec A)2 3
= sin2A + 2sinAcosecA + cosec2A + cos2A + 2cosAsecA + sec2A
[ using identity (a + b)2 = a2 +2ab + b2 1
= (sin A + cos A)+ 2sinAcosecA + cosec2A + 2cosAsecA + sec2A
2 2

= 1 + 2 + cosec2A + 2 + sec2A
[since sin2A + cos2A = 1, sinAcosecA = 1, cosAsecA = 1
= 5 + (1 + cot2A) + (1 + tan2A) 1
[since cosec2A = 1 + cot2A and sec2A = 1 + tan2A
= 7 + tan2 A + cot2 A = RHS 1
Hence proved
OR
We have, LHS = (sin α + cos α) (tan α + cot α)
= sin α x tan α + cos α x tan α + sin α x cot α + cos α x cot α
𝑠𝑖𝑛α 𝑠𝑖𝑛α cos α cos α
= sin α x 𝑐𝑜𝑠α + cos α x 𝑐𝑜𝑠α + sin α x 𝑠𝑖𝑛α + cos α x 𝑠𝑖𝑛α
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴 cos A
[ since tanA = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴 and cotA = 1
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴
sin3 α:sin2 α cosα:sinα cos2 α: cos3 α
= sinα cosα
(sin3 α : cos3 α) :(sin2 α cosα:sinα cos2 α)
= sinα cosα
(sinα : cosα)(sin2 α : cos2 α; sinαcosα) :(sinα cosα)(sinα : cosα)
= sinα cosα
[ using identity, a 3 + b 3 = (a + b)(a 2 + b 2 - ab) 1
(sinα : cosα)[sin2 α : cos2 α; sinαcosα : sinαcosα]
= sinα cosα
(sinα : cosα)[1; 0]
= sinα cosα
[ since, sin2A + cos2A = 1
 (sinα ) (cosα)
= sinα cosα + sinα cosα
1 1
= +
cosα sinα
1 1
= sec α + cosec α = RHS [ cosA = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴, = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝐴 1
sinA
Hence proved
31. Here, we are 3
Area of the design
= 6 X Area of a segment of the circle
[ since designed is made on six segments
θ 1
= 6 X [360 π𝑟 2- 2 𝑟 2 sin θ]
θ 1
[ since, Area of segment = π𝑟 2- 2 𝑟 2sin θ
360
60° 1
= 6 X 𝑟 2 [360 π − 2 sin 60°]
[a segment is subtending an angle 60° at the centre
1 22 1 √3
= 6 X 42 X 42 (6 𝑋 − 𝑋 )
7 2 2
6 𝑋 42 𝑋 42
= (44 − 21√3)
84
= 126 (44 – 21 X 1.7)
= 126 (44 – 21 X 1.7)
= 126 (44 – 35.7)
= 126 X 8.3
= 1045.8 cm2
Now, cost of making the design = Area of design X cost per 100cm2
20
= 1045.8 X 100
= 209.16
Therefore, the cost of making the designs at the rate of ₹20 per 100cm2is ₹209.16.
Section D
Section D consists of 4 questions of 5 marks each.
32. From first eqn., we have 5
3x;6
y= 2 , x 0 2
y -3 0
From second eqn., we have
2x:6
y= 3 , x 0 3
y 2 4

From the graph, x = 6, y = 6 is the solution

of given equations.
1
Now, area of Δ = 2 b X h
1
=2X5X6
= 15 sq units

33. Let B is a balloon h m vertically above a straight road from 5

where the angles of depression of two cars G and C,100 m apart
at an instant are found to be 45° and 60°respectively.
Let CA = x m.
From rt ΔBAC, we have
𝐶𝐴 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒
= cot60° [ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 = cot θ
BA perpendicular
1 1
i.e. x = h X ……(i) [ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 cot60° =
√3 √3
Also from rt ΔBAG, we have
 𝐺𝐴
= cot45°
BA
i.e. 100 + x = h X 1 [ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 cot45° = 1
1
i.e. 100 + h X = h [ From eqn. (i)
√3
i.e. 100√3 + h = h√3
100 100 √3:1
i.e. h = = X [Rationalising denominator
√3;1 √3;1 √3:1
100(√3:1)
= 3;1
= 50(√3 + 1)m
So, the height of the balloon is 50(√3 + 1)m.
OR
Let the angle of elevation of the top of a tower T having height h m from certain point A is 30°.
If the observer moves 20 metres towards the tower at point B, the angle of elevation of the top
increases by 15° i.e. 30°+15°=45°. Let BO=x m.
From rt ΔTOB, we have
𝐵𝑂 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒
= cot45° [ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 perpendicular = cot θ
TO
i.e. x = h X 1 ……(i) [ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 cot45° = 1
Also from rt ΔTOA, we have
𝐴𝑂
= cot30°
TO
i.e. 20+ x = h X √3[ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 cot30° = √3
i.e. 20+ h = √3 h[ From eqn. (i)
i.e. √3 h – h = 20
i.e. ℎ(√3 – 1) = 20
20
i.e. h =
√3;1
20 √3:1
= X [Rationalising denominator
√3;1 √3:1
20(√3:1)
= 3;1
= 10(√3 + 1) m
So, the height of the tower is 10(√3 + 1)m.
34. 5
35. From the table, we have 5
Class interval f cf 45 + x + y = 60
0-10 5 5 i.e. x + y = 15 ….................(i)
10-20 x 5+x If the median of the distribution given below is 28.5,
20-30 20 25 + x then the median class is 20-30.
30-40 15 40 + x Hence, l = 20
40-50 y 40 + x + y h= 10
50-60 5 45 + x + y cf = 5 + x
Total 60 f = 20
n/2 = 30
We know,
𝑛
;𝑐𝑓
2
Median = l + ( )𝑋 ℎ
f

30;(5:𝑥)
i.e. 28.5 = 20 +[ ] X 10
20

i.e. 8.5 X 2 = 25 – x
i.e. x = 25 – 17 = 8
Substituting x = 8 in eqn. (i), we get
8 + y = 15
i.e. y = 7
Therefore, the value of x is 8 and y is 7.
OR
 Section E
Section E consists of 3 case study based questions of 4 marks each.
36. i) 13 flags are fixed each side of the centre flag.1 4
ii) The distance of 10th flag on either side from the centre is 20 m. 1
iii) Here, the AP: 4, 8, 12, ………, 52
Distance covered in completing this job = 2 X Distance covered on one side
13 𝑛
= 2 X 2 ( 4 + 52) since Sn = 2 ( a + an)
= 2 X 13 X 28
= 728 m 2
OR
The maximum distance from centre she travelled carrying a flag
= a13
= a + 12d
= 2 + 12 X 2
= 26m 2
37. i) Similarity of triangles. 1 4
ii) 1.6 : 1.2 = 4 : 31
iii) Since heights of objects and their shadow at same time form similar triangles so,
4 : 3 = 20 : x
20 𝑋 3
i.e. x = 4 = 15m
So, the length of shadow of Alina’s house is 15m. 2
OR

Since heights of objects and their shadow at same time form similar triangles so,
4 : 3 = h : 54
4 𝑋 54
i.e. h = 3 = 72m2
38. i) Volume of Sphere = 4 π𝑟 3 1 4
3
ii) Shape the Paridakshinapatha is forming a ring.1
iii) volume of the stupa = volume of hemisphere + volume of the cuboid
2
= 3 π𝑟 3 + lbh
2 22
= 3 𝑿 7 𝑋 143 + 8m x 6m x 4m
= 5749.33 + 192
= 5941.33 m3 2
OR
The cloth require to cover the hemispherical dome
= CSA of hemisphere – Area of base of cuboidal top
= 2π𝑟 2 - lb
22
= 2 X 7 𝑋 142 –8 X 6
= 1232 – 48
= 1184 m2 2