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Class X Physics Preliminary Exam 2024-25

This document is a preliminary examination paper for Class X Physics at AES National Public School, dated November 26, 2024. It consists of multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blanks, and descriptive questions covering various physics concepts, with a total of 80 marks and a 2-hour time limit. Students are required to attempt all questions from Section A and any four questions from Section B.

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1K views6 pages

Class X Physics Preliminary Exam 2024-25

This document is a preliminary examination paper for Class X Physics at AES National Public School, dated November 26, 2024. It consists of multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blanks, and descriptive questions covering various physics concepts, with a total of 80 marks and a 2-hour time limit. Students are required to attempt all questions from Section A and any four questions from Section B.

Uploaded by

royaritra676
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Page 1

AES National Mulund (W), Mumbai - 400 082.


ublic School
First Preliminary Examination
2024-25
Class: X Date: 26.11.2024
Sub: Physics Marks: 80
Name: Time: 2 hrs

Answers to this paper must be written on the paper provided separately.


You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes.
This time is to be spent in reading the Question Paper.
The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.
Attempt all questions from Section A.
Attenpt anyfour questions from Section B.
The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in the brackets [
Section A
(Attempt all questions from this Section)
Question 1 [15]
(Ü) A ray of light incident at an angle of incidence 48° on a prism of refracting angle 60°
suffers a minimum deviation. The angle of deviation is:
(a) 0° (b) 36° (c) 48° (d) 60°
(ü) The unit of loudness of sound is:
(a) Meter (b) phon (c) hertz (d) weber
(ii) The emf of a cell depends on :
(a) The material of the electrode. (b) The shape of the electrodes
(c) The distance betwcen the clectrodes (a) The amount of electrolyte in the cell.
(iv) Which of the following ray diagrams given here shows respectively the shortsightedness
condition and its corectness by using a lens?
Thick lens

Reys hom
diean! otject
(i)

(ii)
(iv)
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (1) and (ii) (c) (ii) and (iv) () (ü) and (ii)
air, the sound given by it is feeble. But when it is placed om
(V) When a tuning fork is sounded in louder. The reason is:
a table top, the sound becomes much its prongs start vibrating
rapidly
(a) Amplitude of the wave (b) vibrating body
surrounding bodies (d) large surface area of the
(c) presence of of T00 Ne cut so that the resistance of
12 is
(vi) In how many parts (cqual) a wire
obtained by connecting them in parallel? 100 (d) 50
(a) 10 (b) (ç)
initial value keeping the potential
(vii) The resistance of a conductor is reduced to half the effect in the conductor will
differences same as before. In doing so the heating
become:
(b) one-fourth (c) four times (d) double
(a) Half connected
(vii) Two heater wires of same length and material but of different thickness are
in series across a power supply. Then power dissipated:
(a) Will be the same both (b) will be more in thinner wire
(c) will be more in thicker wire (d) cannot be predicted
(ix A lens of power 6D is put in contact with a lens of power -4 D. The combination will
behave like a:
(a) Divergent lens of focal length 25 cm (b) Convergent lens of focal length 50 cm
(c) Divergent lens of focal length 20 cm (d) Convergent lens of focal length 100 cm
(x) Two bodies of masses ml and m2 are moving with equal kinetic energy. What is the
ratio of their momentum?
(a) ml:m2 (b) Vmi: Vm2 (c) m2: Vmi (d) 1:1
(xi) A baseball bat would be an example of a: EO PAY
(a) First order lever (b) Second order lever (c) Third order lever (d) Zero Order
lever
(xi)
Asingle string system has S pulleys. If an effort of 50 Kgf is rcquired to raise a load of
150 Kgf, then find the efficiency of the system.
(a) 60 % (b) 80.08% (c) 10% (d) 33.33%
Two notes are produced from two musical instruments, such that they have same
(xiü)
loudness and same pitch. The produced notes differ in their:
(a) waveform (b) frequency (c) wavelength (d) Speed
(xiv) Small air bubbles rising upa fish tank appear silvery when viewed from some particular
angle is due to:
(a) reflection (b) refraction (c) dispersion (d) total internal reflection
(xv) Choose the correct relationship between emf (s) and terminal voltage V:
(a) e=V(always)
(b) V>e (always)
(c) V<s (always)
(a) None of these
Question 2:
Fill in the blanks: [5)
0)
(a) For a system of n pulleys, the weight of the lowerW block along with pulleys is w, then
its efficiency is given by n= (1)
(b) 1 WH is cqual to (3.6 x 105J/3600 J)
(c) Afuse is a short piece of wire of high (resistance / conductance) and of Pa
material of low (melting / boiling) point.
(d) Aconvex lens in its upper part has a prism with its base (upward /
downward)
(c) The radiations used for satellite communication is (ultra-violet rays!
microwaves)
2
Page 3

(0) In the circuit diagram given below:


R 10Q (3]
18V Calculate:
(a) The total resistance of the circuit.

R. 40) (b) The reading of ammeter A.

R" 30 )
R," 20 0
R" 60 si

(ii) (a) The power of a motor is 40 kW. At what speed can the motor raise a load of (3]
20,000N?
(b) The work done by a fielder when he takes a catch in a cricket match is negative.
Explain.
Question 3
(6) (a) Which electrical component protects the electric circuit in case of excess current and (2]
which can also be used as a switch?
(b) Name the wire to which this electrical component is connectcd in an electric circuit.
(iü) In a dual switch along side, Bulb

(a) Complete the circuit so that the bulbs


switched ON.
(b) Mark the supply terminals L and N to
indicate the live and neutral wires.

A battery of emf 15 V and internal resistance 22 is connected to two resistors of resistance 4 (2]
ohm and 6 ohm joined in series. Find the electrical energy spent per minute in 6 ohm resistor.

oiv) How does wave pattern of a loud note differ from that of a sof note? Draw a diagram. [2)
On sending an ultrasonic wave from aship towards the bottom of a sca, the time interval [2
(v between sending the wave and receiving it back is found to be 1.5s. If the velocity of wave in
sea water is 1400 m/s, find the depth of the sea.
(vi) Raghav entered a photographic dark room andfound the room is provided with infra-red [21
lamps. Give reason.
At what position a candle of length 3cm be placed in front of a convex lens so that its image (2)
of length 6cm be obtained on a screen placed at a distance 30 cm behind the lens? Also find
thc focal length.
Section B
(Attempt any four questions)
Question 4
(i (a) Abob of a simple pendulum is imparted a velocity of 5 m/s when it is at its mean (2)
position. To what maximum vertical height will it rise on reaching at its extreme
position if 60% of its energy is lost in overcoming friction of air? (Take g= 10 m/s')
(b) Name the physical quantity measured in terms of horse power. [2)
0
Howisthe horse power related to the S.l unit of power?
3
(31
(ü) Aray of light XY passes through a right
angled isosceles prism as showm in the figure.
(a) What is the angle through which the Y
incident ray deviates and emerges out
of the prism?
(b) Name the instrument where this
action of prism is put into use.
(c) Which prism surface will behave as a
miror?
(iüi) [3]
The adjacent figure shows a block and tackle
system of pulleys used to lifta load.

(a) What is the mechanical advantage of


the system? LITORT
(6) How much effort is needed to lifta
load of 100 N?
(c) What will be its Velocity Ratio if the
weight of the movable block is
doubled?

LOAD

Question 5.
(0) A boy takes 3 minutes to lift a 20 litre water bucket froma 20 m deep well, while his father (3)
does it in 2 minutes. Compare:
(a) the work done.
(b) Power developed by them.
(c) Work done by the son.

(3)
(i) (a) What are superconductors ? V when connected
(b) Calculate the current drawn by an appliance rated 110 W, 220
across 220 V supply.
increase in temperature.
(c) Name a substance whose resistance decreases with the
on which [4)
(ii) The given diagram shows a cardboard
the form of a
iron filings are kept. A wire bent When Iron fllings
loop is seen passing through the cardboard.
current flows through it the iron filings arrange
themselves as showm below.

(a) State the polarities of the battery at A and B. AB

(b) State the effect on the magnetic field if an iron


rod is held along the axis of the coil.
(c) State one way to: 1. Change the polarity of the coil. around the coil.
2. Decrease the strength of the magnetic field
stion 6:
Tept ows V-I relationship of three [4)
esisos A Bod C.
(2) Wit one bas the highest
resistance
of the thre? B
)Ne tùree quantities on which the
Tesisznce of a body depends. (0,0)

* psoa szoding in front of a cliff fires a gun and hears its echo after 3 s. If the speed of [3]
sond in air is 336m's.
2) Calculaae the distance of the person from the cliff.
b) Aier moving acertain distance from the cliff, he fires the gun again and this time the
ecbo is heard 1.5s later than the first. Calculate the distance moved by the person.
T3e aacent dizgram shows a wheel of [3]
d t e 40cm fixed on a wall capable of
Ting 0und its centre 0. If the wheel P
Kes inan anticlockwise direction, then:
(a) Calculate the clockwise moment.
(b) State whether X= 100gf or
X< 100gf or 100 gf
X> 100 gf.
(c) Give rcason for your answer.

Question 7:
(2]
Calculzte the cquivalent resistance between
poit A and B.
482
E
62
40

generated at the generating station is (2]


b the transmission of power the voltage of power
Explain.
Sepped up from 11kV to 132 kV before it is transmitted. Why? prism. Answer the following: (4)
falls normally on one face of an equilateral glass
ray of light
A of the prism?
(a) What is the angle of incidence on the first face face of the prism?
(b) What will be the angle of incidence on the second
(c) Willthe light suffer minimum deviation by the prism? Why?
relation betweeo the criticat angle and the absolute refractive index of a
(a) State the
medium.
critical angle? Why?
(b) Whích colour of light has the highest
Page 6

Question 8:
(0) (a) An clectric kettle is rated 3kW, 250 V.
Give reason if the kettle can be used in a
circuit which contains fuse of current
a (4)
(b) Connect three resistors of 22, 4Q and 6rating 13A.
so that the resultant
(ii) Displacement distance graph of resistance is 32.
two sound waves A and B, travelling in a medium, are as
shown in the diagram below. Compare their (3]
faster? amplitudes and wavelength. Which wave travels
Displacement (em)

letance (em)

(ii) Awave has wavelength 50A.


(a) Name the wave.
(b) State its speed in vacuum.
(c) State its one use.

Question 9.
(i) (a) Where must an object be placed in front of a convex lens of focal length 20cm to obtain
a (2
real and four times magnified image?
(b) Calculate the power of an engine required to lift 10 kg coal per hour from a mine 360 m
deep. (Take g= 10m/s) (21
The figure below shows a unifom metre rule of weight Wsupported on a fulcrum at the [2]
60cm mark by applying the effort Eat the 90 cm mark.
60cm 100 cm (a) State with reason
50cm 90cm whether the weight W of
the rule is greater then,
F less than or equal to the
effort E.
W E (b) Find the mechanical
advantage in an ideal
case.

ii) (a) Explain why strings of different thickness are provided on a stringed instrument. [4)
6) Iflis the length of the string stretched between its ends, find the wavelength of
different modes in the figures given below:

(1) (2) (3)

Common questions

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Microwave radiation is primarily used in satellite communications due to its ability to penetrate through the atmosphere without significant loss, making it ideal for transmitting signals over long distances. Infrared radiation, on the other hand, is used in photographic dark rooms because it provides illumination without exposing sensitive film, allowing photographers to work without damaging the film. Each type of radiation is selected for these applications due to its specific interaction with environmental conditions and material properties.

The critical angle is significant because it determines the minimum angle of incidence at which total internal reflection occurs within a material. This principle is crucial in applications like fiber optics, where light is transmitted with minimal loss. For a given material, the critical angle depends on the refractive indices of the two media. When light hits the interface at this angle or greater, it is reflected entirely back into the medium, making it useful for light-piping techniques and enhancing optical signal efficiency.

A fuse protects an electrical circuit by melting and interrupting the flow of current when it exceeds a safe level, thus preventing overheating and potential fire hazards. The key design parameters for a fuse include its current rating, breaking capacity, and its melting point. The material of the fuse must have a low melting point and a specified resistance to ensure precise operation under overload conditions. Correct installation within the circuit interrupts the current effectively upon reaching its limit.

The angle of incidence for minimum deviation in an equilateral prism is determined using Snell's law and the symmetry of the prism. For an equilateral prism (60°), the angle of incidence equals the angle of emergence, and minimum deviation occurs when the deviated angle is symmetric within the prism. Using trigonometric calculations and the refractive index of the prism material, the precise angle can be computed. The condition for minimum deviation ensures that the optical path inside the prism is minimized, often an important alignment in spectroscopy.

The principle of minimum deviation occurs when a ray of light passes through a prism such that the angle of incidence equals the angle of emergence. For a prism with a refracting angle of 60°, when the incident angle is 48°, the deviation is minimized. The specific angle of minimum deviation can be calculated using Snell's law and the geometry of the prism, but it is generally given as 36° for common transparent materials.

When two heater wires of different thicknesses are connected in series across a power supply, the wire with higher resistance (thinner wire) will dissipate more power. This is because power dissipation in resistors connected in series is directly proportional to their resistance. Thinner wires generally have higher resistance, hence they convert more electrical energy into heat as compared to thicker wires of the same material and length.

Superconductors differ from regular conductors primarily because their resistance drops to zero below a certain critical temperature, known as the transition temperature. This lack of resistance allows them to carry electrical currents without energy loss, which is not the case with regular conductors where resistance increases slightly with temperature. Additionally, superconductors exhibit the expulsion of magnetic fields due to the Meissner effect, distinguishing them further from normal conductors.

A tuning fork sounds louder when placed on a table due to the phenomenon of resonance. The table surface provides a larger area for vibrations to transfer, effectively increasing the amplitude of the produced sound waves. As the surface area resonates with the vibrations of the tuning fork, it amplifies the sound due to the displacement of air particles over a larger area, enhancing the sound wave propagation.

The efficiency of a pulley system is calculated using the ratio of the desired load to the actual effort applied. The mechanical advantage is calculated as the load (150 kgf) divided by the effort (50 kgf), which gives a mechanical advantage of 3. To find efficiency, the mechanical advantage is divided by the velocity ratio (5 pulleys would imply a velocity ratio of 5), leading to an efficiency of 3/5 or 60%. Therefore, the efficiency is 60%.

Voltage is increased in power transmission systems before distribution to minimize energy loss over long distances. By stepping up the voltage using transformers, the current flowing through the transmission lines is reduced. Since power loss due to resistance (I²R losses) in the lines is proportional to the square of the current, reducing the current significantly decreases the resistive power losses, thereby making long-distance power transmission more efficient.

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