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Lesson-1-IT-ICT-Components-of-Computer

The document provides an overview of Information Technology (IT) and Information and Communications Technology (ICT), highlighting their definitions and differences. It categorizes computers based on size, purpose, and functionality, detailing types such as microcomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers. Additionally, it describes key computer components, including the CPU, memory, input/output devices, and software.

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perezkristinecaila
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28 views

Lesson-1-IT-ICT-Components-of-Computer

The document provides an overview of Information Technology (IT) and Information and Communications Technology (ICT), highlighting their definitions and differences. It categorizes computers based on size, purpose, and functionality, detailing types such as microcomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers. Additionally, it describes key computer components, including the CPU, memory, input/output devices, and software.

Uploaded by

perezkristinecaila
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 1

IT, ICT,
and
COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT)

Information technology (IT) is the use of computers,


storage, networking and other physical devices,
infrastructure and processes to create, process, store,
secure and exchange all forms of electronic data.
Information and COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
It is a broader term for Information Technology (IT),
which refers to all communication technologies,
including the internet, wireless networks, cell
phones, computers, software, middleware, video-
conferencing, social networking, and other media
applications and services enabling users to access,
retrieve, store, transmit, and manipulate
information in a digital form.
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ICT AND IT
ICT (Information and Communication Technology)
focuses more on how digital technologies assist
users in handling information.
IT (Information Technology) encompasses the
use of computers, networks, computer software
and other electronic or digital devices for the
management and communication of information.
COMPUTER
is an electronic device that
manipulates information, or data. It
has the ability to store, retrieve, and
process data
Computers can be classified and
categorized based on various
criteria.

1. SIZE
2. PURPOSE
3.
FUNCTIONALITY
By size

MICROCOMPUTER
is a complete computer on a small scale, designed
S
for use by one person at a time. An antiquated
term, a microcomputer is now primarily called a
personal computer, or a device based on a single-
chip microprocessor. Common microcomputers
include laptops and desktops
By size

MINI
COMPUTERS
computer that was smaller, less expensive, and less
powerful than a mainframe or supercomputer but
more expensive and more powerful than a personal
computer
By size

MAINFRAME
S
informally called a mainframe or big iron, is a computer
used primarily by large organizations for critical applications
like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry
and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and
large-scale transaction processing.
By size

supercomputers
fastest high-performance systems that is used
primarily for scientific and engineering work
requiring exceedingly high-speed computations.
By purpose

SPECIAL-purpose computers
have unique operating systems that are made to perform specific tasks
and functions. They perform a singular function, by eliminating excess
memory, and the amount of information that can be submitted into it

General-purpose computers
type of computer system that is designed to handle a wide range of
tasks and run various types of software applications
By functionality

ANALOG
COMPUTERS
type of computation machine (computer) that uses
the continuous variation aspect of physical
phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or
hydraulic quantities (analog signals) to model the
problem being solved.
By functionality

digital COMPUTERS
a computer that handles information
represented by discrete values
By functionality

hybrid COMPUTERS
computers that exhibit features of analog
computers and digital computers
refers to the physical and visible components of
the system
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The brain of the computer that
performs instructions.
memor
for storing data and instructions

Random access Memory


y read only memory
(ram) (rom)
volatile memory non-volatile memory
INPUT DEVICES
used to enter data into a
computer by encoding via
keyboard, direct reading through
scanners and pointing devices like
the mouse
output devices

used to display/produce the


output of the computer
system after processing data
motherboard
The main circuit board that houses the CPU,
memory, and other components.
Power Supply Unit (PSU)
Converts electrical power to usable
form for the computer.
Cooling System

These are a computer's system to


decrease overheating.
SOFTWARE
refers to a set of instructions which enable the hardware
to perform a specific set of tasks.

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