Bosch (company)

Robert Bosch GmbH (/bɒʃ/; German: [bɔʃ] ⓘ ),

Robert Bosch GmbH
commonly known as Bosch (styled BOSCH), is a
German multinational engineering and technology
company headquartered in Gerlingen, Baden-
Württemberg, Germany. The company was founded by
Robert Bosch in Stuttgart in 1886.[2] Bosch is 94%
owned by the Robert Bosch Stiftung, a charitable
institution.[3] Although the charity is funded by owning
the vast majority of shares, it has no voting rights and
is involved in health and social causes unrelated to
Bosch's business.

Bosch's core operating areas are spread across four

business sectors: mobility (hardware and software), Corporate Sector Research and Advanced
consumer goods (including household appliances and Development in Renningen, Germany
power tools), industrial technology (including drive Company Private
and control) and energy and building technology.[4] In type
terms of revenue, Bosch is the largest automotive Industry Conglomerate
supplier.
Predecessor Eisemann-Werke
Friedrich Hesser,
Maschinenfabrik
History Founded 15 November 1886
Founder Robert Bosch

1886–1920 Headquarters Robert-Bosch-Platz 1, 70839

Gerlingen, Baden-
The company started in a backyard in Stuttgart-West as Württemberg, Germany
the Werkstätte für Feinmechanik und Elektrotechnik Area served Worldwide
(Workshop for Precision Mechanics and Electrical
Key people Stefan Hartung (CEO), (CTO,
Engineering) on 15 November 1886.[5] The next year CDO)
Bosch presented a low voltage magneto for gas
Products Automotive parts · power tools
engines. · security systems · home
appliances · engineering ·
From 1897, Bosch started installing magneto ignition electronics · cloud computing ·
devices into automobiles and became a supplier of an IoT
ignition system. In 1902, the chief engineer at Bosch,
Revenue €91.59 billion (2023)[1]
Gottlob Honold, unveiled the high-voltage magneto
Operating €4.503 billion (2023)[1]
ignition system with spark plug.[6] income

In 1901, Bosch opened its first factory in Stuttgart. In Net income €2.640 billion (2023)[1]
1906, the company produced its 100,000th magneto. In Total assets €108.33 billion (2023)[1]
the same year, Bosch introduced the eight-hour day for
workers. In 1910, the Feuerbach plant was founded Total equity €47.89 billion (2023)[1]
and built close to Stuttgart. In this factory, Bosch Owners Robert Bosch Stiftung (92%)
started to produce generators and headlights "Bosch- Bosch Family (8%)
Light" in 1914. The system had been presented in Number of 429,416 (2023)[1]
1913.[7] employees
Subsidiaries BSH Hausgeräte
The onset of motorization in road traffic meant that the
ETAS
company grew very rapidly after 1900. While Bosch
had a workforce of 45 in 1901, it had grown to more Bosch Rexroth

than 1,000 by 1908.[7] Website bosch.com (https://www.bosc

h.com/)
In 1913, Bosch founded an apprentice workshop in
order to recruit qualified young people for the production of automotive
electrics.[7] Bosch's international development began in 1898 with the
opening of a branch in London, followed the next year by Paris, Vienna,
and Budapest. By 1909, Bosch was represented by trading partners on
every continent: in 1906 in New York (U.S.) and Johannesburg (South
Africa), in 1907 in Sydney (Australia), in 1908 in Buenos Aires
(Argentina), in 1909 in Shanghai (China), in 1910 in Rio de Janeiro
(Brazil), and in 1911 in Tokyo (Japan). Bosch opened the first factory
outside Germany in Paris, in 1905, and the first on another continent in
1912 in Springfield, Massachusetts (USA).[7]

In 1917, Bosch was transformed into a corporation and remained so until

Robert Bosch, founder of
1937, when Robert Bosch became the sole owner again after buying back
the company
his shares. In the process, the company became a limited liability
company (GmbH).[7]

1920s–1945
After the First World War, Bosch lost most of its international holdings, including its U.S. factories. The
company had to largely rebuild its international activities. This included opening up further South
American and Asian regions. In 1922, for example, Illies & Company established a sales office for Bosch
goods in Calcutta, India. In the years that followed, Bosch concluded contracts in Asia with sales partners
in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and what is now Indonesia, for example, and on the American
continents with partners in Mexico, Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador.[7]

In the 1920s, Bosch expanded its product range to include numerous automotive technology products that
were required for cars in everyday use: electric horn (1921), windshield wipers (1926), and direction
indicators ("trafficator", 1927).[7]

In 1927, Bosch launched injection pumps for diesel. Bosch bought the gas appliances production from
Junkers & Co. in 1932, as a part of a diversification strategy. In 1932, the company developed its first
electric drill and presented its first car radio. In 1933, Bosch presented its first electric refrigerator for
private households.[7]

Nazi collaboration
In late 1933 negotiations between Robert Bosch AG and the Nazi Party began on relocating parts of
armaments production to Germany's interior. Bosch founded two such alternative plants in 1935 and
1937: Dreilinden Maschinenbau GmbH in Kleinmachnow near Berlin and Elektro- und Feinmechanische
Industrie GmbH (later Trillke-Werke GmbH) in Hildesheim. Both plants were used exclusively for
armament production. These "shadow factories" were built under great secrecy and in close cooperation
with the Nazi authorities.[8] In 1937, Bosch AG became a limited liability company (GmbH).

The Bosch subsidiary Dreilinden Maschinenbau GmbH (DLMG) in Kleinmachnow employed around
5,000 people, more than half of whom were forced laborers, prisoners of war, and female concentration
camp prisoners, including many women from the Warsaw Uprising.[9] They had to produce accessories
for German Luftwaffe aircraft. In Hildesheim, a secret plant for the entire electrical equipment of tanks,
tractors, and trucks of the Wehrmacht was built. In 1944, 4,290 men and women worked in the Trillke
factory, 2,019 of whom were forced laborers, prisoners of war, and military internees. During the Second
World War, there were at least 3,000 workers at the mechanics division at the Bosch Hildesheim plant,
almost all of them from nearby occupied countries; there were only 200 recorded German workers.[10]

In the last years of the war, no new German tank ever drove without the starter elements from the Bosch
factory in Hildesheim. Bosch also had a monopoly position in the outfitting of German Luftwaffe
aircraft.[11]

During the war, production was further decentralized, Bosch produced in an ever larger number of
factories, and relocated parts of its production to 213 plants in more than 100 locations.

21st century
In 2001, Bosch acquired Mannesmann Rexroth AG, which they later renamed to Bosch Rexroth AG. In
the same year, the company opened a new testing center in Vaitoudden, close to Arjeplog in north
Sweden. A new developing center in Abstatt, Germany followed in 2004.

In 2002, Bosch acquired Philips CSI, which at the time was manufacturing a broad range of professional
communication and security products and systems including CCTV, congress, and public address
systems.[12]

In the 2000s the company developed the electric hydraulic brake, common rail fuel injection with piezo-
injectors, digital car radio with a disc drive, and the cordless screwdriver with a lithium-ion battery in
2003.

In 2004, Bosch bought Sigpack Systems from SIG.[13]

Bosch received the Deutsche Zukunftspreis (German Future Prize) from the German president in 2005
and 2008. A new development center was planned in 2008 in Renningen. In 2014, the first departments
moved to the new center, while the remaining departments followed in 2015.

In 2006, Bosch acquired Telex Communications and Electro-Voice.

In 2009, Bosch invested about 3.6 billion Euro in development and research. Approximately 3900 patents
are published per year. In addition to increasing energy efficiency by employing renewable energies, the
company plans to invest in new areas such as biomedical engineering.
China is both a market and a manufacturing location for Bosch. In 2012, Bosch had 34,000 employees
and a revenue of 41.7 billion Yuan (about 5 billion Euro) in China.

2012 – Purchased SPX Service Solutions[14][15]

2012 – Bosch sold its foundation brakes activities to KPS Capital Partners, which led to the
establishment of Chassis Brakes International[16]
2013 – Bosch announced it would exit its solar business
2014 – Bosch entered talks to acquire Israeli Red Bend Software.[17]
2014 – Bosch takes over 100% of the shares from the former BSH Bosch and Siemens
Hausgeräte GmbH joint venture (home appliances)[18]
2014 – Bosch received the 2014 U.S. Smart Partner award for Physical Security from
Ingram Micro Inc.[19]
2015 – Bosch takes over 100% of the shares of the former ZF Lenksysteme (Steering
Systems) GmbH joint venture (was 50/50 with ZF Friedrichshafen)
2015 – Bosch purchases Seeo, Inc, a start-up working on solid-state lithium-ion
batteries.[20][21]
In 2020, Bosch funded the creation of a report entitled Decarbonising Road Transport: There Is No Silver
Bullet, which contained disputed information about the environmental performance of electric
vehicles.[22]

In January 2021, Volkswagen filed a $1.2 billion class-action against Bosch and Continental AG in the
United States after VW was forced to reduce production due to a lack of automotive microchips.[23][24]
On January 26, 2021, the US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed that Bosch won on all
claims.[25]

In January 2020, Bosch Packaging Technology became Syntegon.[26]

In June 2021, Bosch christened its newly built semiconductor manufacturing plant in which it invested
$1.2 billion, its largest-ever spending on a single project.[27]

In April 2022, Bosch announced to acquire Five.ai, an autonomous driving startup.[28]

in April 2022, Bosch announced it had acquired the Dresden-based MEMS micro speaker producer,
Arioso Systems. The company will form part of Bosch Sensortec GmbH.[29]

In July 2022, Bosch said the company is looking to invest approximately 3 billion euros into its
semiconductor chip production and R&D over the next four years. They will be opening two new
facilities for manufacturing a computer chip development in the cities of Dresden and Reutlingen.
Chairman Stefan Hartung said the company is not interested in building cutting-edge semiconductor
facilities but focuses on 40 and 200-nanometer chips used in the automotive industry.[30]

In September 2023, it was announced Bosch had completed the acquisition of the Roseville-
headquartered silicon carbide (SiC) power device manufacturer, TSI Semiconductors.[31]

In July 2024, Bosch announced the acquisition of Johnson Controls' heating and air conditioning
operations for $8 billion.[32]

Role in emission cheating software

In 2006, Volkswagen executives asked Bosch for help in developing software for their emission defeat
devices. Volkswagen is one of Bosch's biggest customers. Volkswagen engineers provided detailed
specifications to Bosch, which wrote the necessary code. Bosch was apparently concerned about the
legality of the software and asked Volkswagen to assume responsibility if the fraud was discovered, but
Volkswagen refused.[33]

Starting in 2008, Bosch supplied approximately 17 million motor control and mixture control devices
containing illegal software to various manufacturers both domestically and globally. With such software,
the automobiles fitted with Bosch's devices emitted more nitrogen oxides than allowed under
regulations.[34][35]

On 1 February 2017, Bosch agreed to pay consumers in the United States $327.5 million as compensation
for its role in devising the software.[36][37] Bosch also provided emissions software for Fiat Chrysler's 3.0
L V6 diesel engine used in 100,000 model year 2014–2016 Grand Cherokee SUVs and Ram Trucks and
agreed to pay affected consumers $27.5 million as part of a broader settlement in January 2019.[38] In
May 2019, Bosch paid another $100 million fine for its connection to the Dieselgate scandal.[34][35]

Operations
The majority of Bosch Group businesses are grouped into the following four business sectors.[39]

Mobility solutions
The Mobility Solutions business sector accounts for 60 percent of
total sales in 2019.[3] Its main areas of activity are injection
technology and powertrain peripherals for internal-combustion
engines, powertrain electrification, steering systems, safety and
driver-assistance systems, infotainment technology as well as
vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication,
repair-shop concepts, and technology and services for the
automotive aftermarket. The Bosch R&D center in Abstatt,
Germany, which is a major site for
Particular strategic priorities for the sector include transforming the development of automotive
the powertrain and expanding the business in the areas of components
electrification, automated driving, new electrical and electronic
architectures for vehicles, accessing adjacent market segments,
and developing additional services.

The new Powertrain Solutions division was formed effective 1 January 2018, in order to develop
powertrain technology products, regardless of the energy source. The new division resulted from the
merger of the former Gasoline Systems and Diesel Systems divisions. It offers products for powertrain
technology, from gasoline and diesel direct injection to electrified powertrains with battery systems and,
in the future, it will offer fuel-cell technologies as well.

Brands within this sector include:

AutoCrew
 Bosch Car Service
ITK Engineering
Robinair
HC Cargo
Zexel
ETAS

Industrial technology
In the 2019 business year, the Industrial Technology business sector generated roughly 10 percent of total
Bosch Group sales.[3] The sector includes the Drive and Control Technology division, whose products
include customized drive, control, and linear motion for factory automation, plant construction and
engineering, and mobile machinery.

The second division, Packaging Technology, provides process and packaging for the pharmaceuticals and
foodstuffs industries. Its range includes stand-alone machines, systems, and services. In the early 2000s,
it was portrayed as the world’s No. 1 company for packaging technology.[40] In 2018, Bosch decided to
look for a new owner for this business. Bosch's in-house provider of assembly systems, Robert Bosch
Manufacturing Solutions GmbH, Stuttgart, remains part of the Bosch Group; up to now, it has been part
of the Packaging Technology division.

In addition, the Bosch Connected Industry business unit, which develops software and carries out
Industry 4.0 projects for internal and external customers, has been part of the Industrial Technology
business sector since the start of 2018.

In January 2020, Bosch Packaging Technology became Syntegon [26]

Consumer goods
The Consumer Goods business sector contributed some 23 percent
of total Bosch Group sales in 2019.[3] Its Power Tools division is a
supplier of power tools, power tool accessories, and measuring
technology. In addition to power tools such as hammer drills,
cordless screwdrivers, and jigsaws, its products also include
gardening equipment such as lawnmowers, hedge trimmers, and
high-pressure cleaners. One of the division's focal points is
Bosch e-bike motor, 2015
convenient, high-performance cordless tools, and increasingly also
web-enabled tools and services.

Overlapping with its mobility interests, it provides traction motors for electric bicycles with sophisticated
control systems.

The Consumer Goods business sector also includes BSH Hausgeräte GmbH, which offers a broad range
of modern, energy-efficient, and increasingly connected household appliances. Its products range from
washing machines and tumble dryers through refrigerators and freezers, stoves and ovens, and
dishwashers, to small appliances such as vacuum cleaners, coffee makers, and food processors.

Brands in this sector include:

 Dremel
Siemens (under licence)
Constructa-Neff
Gaggenau Hausgeräte
Thermador

Energy and building technology

In 2019, the Energy and Building Technology business sector
generated 7 percent of total Bosch Group sales.[3] Its Building
Technologies division (formerly Security Systems) has two areas
of business: the global product business for security and
communications, and the regional integrator business. The latter
offers services for building security, energy efficiency, and
building automation in selected countries. Both units focus on
commercial applications. The products encompass video A CCTV camera manufactured by
surveillance, intrusion detection, fire detection, and voice-alarm Bosch
systems, as well as access control and professional audio and
conference systems.

The Thermotechnik GmbH Thermotechnology division offers systems for air conditioning, hot water, and
decentralized energy management. It provides heating systems and energy management for residential
buildings, water heaters, and commercial and industrial heating and air-conditioning systems.

The Bosch Global Service Solutions division offers outsourcing for business processes and services,
primarily for customers in the automotive, travel, and logistics industries and in information and
communications technology. Within Bosch, it also provides shared-service functions.

Robert Bosch Smart Home GmbH offers web-enabled, app-controlled products for the home.

Brands within this sector:

Dynacord
Electro-Voice
Telex
Worcester Bosch
Junkers

Other business areas

The Bosch Group also operates in other business areas that are not assigned to a particular sector.[39]

Bosch Healthcare Solutions GmbH is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Robert Bosch GmbH. The subsidiary
was established in 2015. The business offers products and services in the area of healthcare and medical
technology.[41] In March 2020, Bosch Healthcare Solutions announced that it has developed a diagnostic
tool for detecting the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic in under three
hours. According to Bosch, the test can be performed directly at the point of care, eliminating the need to
transport samples.[42]
The Grow Platform GmbH is the legal entity of Grow and a 100% subsidiary of the Bosch corporation.
Grow is an internal start-up incubator.

Robert Bosch Venture Capital GmbH (Rbvc, also known as Bosch Ventures) is the corporate venture
capital company of the Bosch Group. RBVC invests worldwide in innovative start-up companies. Its
investment activities focus on technology companies working in areas of business of current and future
relevance for Bosch, above all, automation and electrification, energy efficiency, enabling technologies,
and healthcare systems. RBVC also invests in services and business models as well as new materials that
are relevant to the above-mentioned areas of business.[43]

Locations
Through a complex network of over 468 subsidiaries and regional
entities, the company operates in over 60 countries worldwide.
Including sales and service partners, Bosch's global
manufacturing, engineering, and sales network covers nearly
every country in the world. At 125 locations across the globe,
Bosch employs roughly 90,100 associates in research and
development.

British operations Headquarters in Gerlingen,

Germany
In the UK, Bosch has its corporate head office in Denham,
Buckinghamshire, and employs circa. 5,200 people. There are also
around 40 other Bosch Group locations throughout the country,
including Coventry, Glenrothes, St Neots, Stockport, Stowmarket,
Liverpool, Milton Keynes, Worcester, and York.[44]

Alongside sales and support functions for all Bosch business

sectors in the region, the company also manufactures boiler
systems, mobile hydraulics, as well as packaging machinery
alongside lawn and garden products in the UK.[45] IT campus in Stuttgart-Feuerbach,
Germany
In March 2019, Bosch opened its London Connectory, a
Shoreditch-based "co-innovation space" open to partners from the
public, private, and academic sectors, from start-ups to multinational organizations.[46]

North American operations

In North America, Robert Bosch LLC (a wholly owned Bosch subsidiary) has corporate headquarters in
Farmington Hills, Michigan. Three Research Technology Centers are located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,
Sunnyvale, California, and Cambridge, Massachusetts.[47] Factories and distribution facilities are located
in Mt. Prospect, Illinois; Hoffman Estates, Illinois; Broadview, Illinois; Kentwood, Michigan; Warren,
Michigan; Owatonna, Minnesota; Waltham, Massachusetts; Clarksville, Tennessee; Anderson, South
Carolina; Charleston, South Carolina; New Bern, North Carolina; and 11 other cities. There are also two
corporate sites in Brazil and ten in Mexico. A central purchasing
office for all divisions of Bosch Group is located in Broadview,
Illinois. In North America, Bosch employs about 24,750 people in
80 locations, generating $8.8 billion in sales in 2006.[48]

In May 2015, Bosch Security Systems opened its newly

constructed distribution center in Greer, South Carolina. The
distribution center adds more than 50 new associates in the state
and will receive, store and ship more than 50,000 different
products for video surveillance, intrusion and fire detection, access
control and management systems and professional audio and
Company headquarters in Latin
conference systems.[49]
America located in Brazil
In 2017, Bosch launched its first co-creation IoT innovation space
in the world, the Connectory. A partnership with 1871, it is located
within the Merchandise Mart in downtown Chicago, Illinois.

Indian operations
Bosch entered India in 1922, when Illies & Company set up a sales office in Calcutta. For three decades,
the company operated in the Indian market only through imports. In 1951, the Motor Industries Company
Ltd. (MICO) was founded, with Bosch instantly buying 49% of its stock. MICO became the sole
distributor and, after the Indian state implemented restrictive import regulations, a factory was set up at
Adugodi, Bangalore in 1953, to manufacture various products with Bosch licensing. From this point
onward, vocational training took place as well, culminating in the creation of a Vocational Centre in 1960.
By 1961, 2,000 people worked at the Bangalore plant, which had already started an export business, and
57.5% of MICO shares had been bought by Bosch. This was followed by increased investments into
MICO plants in India in the late 1960s and early 1970s; a second plant was installed in Nasik in 1969–
1971, and a third in Naganathapura in 1988. In the late 1980s, the second-largest contingent of Bosch
employees outside of Germany was based in India until eventually, in 2008, MICO was renamed Bosch
Limited.[50]

Bosch India has a turnover of over US$3 billion and over 31,000 employees spread across 10 locations
and 7 application development centers. Approximately 84% of Bosch India revenues come from its
automotive business, with the remaining 16% split between its non-automotive businesses that include
packaging, energy and building, power tools, and consumer retail.[51] Bosch also has R&D facilities in
Pune, Hyderabad, Coimbatore, and Bangalore, India. This is Bosch's largest R&D operation outside its
home market of Germany.[52] In September 2014, Bosch announced the launch of a locally developed
eye-irrigation fluid in India. The company's new eye screening and detection system offers a combination
of hardware and software and provides affordable eye care.

Bosch India is listed on the Indian stock exchanges and has a market capitalization of over US$12
billion.[53]
In 2022, Bosch's engineering and software arm Robert Bosch Engineering and Business Solutions
(abbreviated as RBEI), changed its name to Bosch Global Software Technologies.[54]

Joint ventures

BSH Hausgeräte
BSH Hausgeräte GmbH, in which Bosch acquired all shares in 2014, is one of the world's top three
companies in the household appliances industry. In Germany and Western Europe, BSH is the market
leader. It includes the principal brand names Bosch and Siemens, Gaggenau, Balay, Neff, Thermador,
Constructa, Viva and Ufesa brands, and further six regional brands. Bosch household appliances for the
North American market are mainly manufactured at its factory near New Bern, North Carolina.

EM-motive
Daimler AG and Bosch established a 50:50 joint venture (JV) to develop and manufacture electric motors
in 2011. The JV, called EM-motive GmbH, manufactures traction motors for electric, fuel cell and
extended-range vehicles at a facility in Hildesheim, Germany.[55]

In 2019 Bosch acquired the remaining shares and assumed full control of the company.[56]

Purolator filters
Bosch co-owned Purolator Filters in a joint venture with Mann+Hummel until 2013. In 2013 the
Mann+Hummel Group acquired Bosch's stake.[57]

SB LiMotive
In June 2008 Bosch formed SB LiMotive, a 50:50 joint company with Samsung SDI.[58] The company
held a ceremony for a 28.000 m2 lithium-ion battery cell manufacturing plant in September 2009 and it is
scheduled to start production for hybrid vehicles in 2011 and for electric vehicles in 2012. The plant will
generate 1,000 jobs in Ulsan, Korea in addition to the 500 employees in Korea, Germany, and the United
States. SB LiMotive was officially ended in September 2012 with both companies focusing on
automotive batteries alone.

Static ADAS Calibration

In October 2020, Bosch and Mitchell International paired up to develop the MD-500, a wireless tablet
that repair planners can use to link directly to OEM repair procedures from Diagnostic Trouble Codes
(DTCs), automatically upload pre-scan and post-scans, and write estimates and calibration reports. Bosch
and Mitchell launched the MD-TS21, a target system that permits repair facilities to quickly and
accurately calibrate blind-spot monitors, front-facing camera, and radar sensors in automobile models
with ADAS, in February 2021.[59][60][61]

Corporate affairs
Robert Bosch GmbH, including its wholly owned subsidiaries, is unusual in that it is an extremely large,
privately owned corporation that is almost entirely (92%) owned by a charitable foundation. Thus, while
most of the profits are invested back into the corporation to build for the future and sustain growth, nearly
all of the profits distributed to shareholders are devoted to humanitarian causes.

Robert Bosch Stiftung Robert Bosch

Bosch family
GmbH Industrietreuhand KG
8% ownership
92% ownership 0.01% ownership
7% of total votes
no voting rights 93% of total votes

Robert Bosch GmbH

Capital funds: 1.2 billion Euro
As shown in the diagram above, the Robert Bosch Stiftung (Robert Bosch Foundation) holds 92% of the
shares of Robert Bosch GmbH, but no voting rights. The Robert Bosch Industrietreuhand KG (Robert
Bosch Industrial Trust KG), with old members of the company management, agents of the Bosch family,
and other eminent people from the industry (such as Jürgen Hambrecht, CEO of BASF), have 93% of the
votes, but no shares (0.01%). The remaining 8% of shares and 7%[2] of voting rights are held by the
descendants of the company founder Robert Bosch.[62]

Bosch invests 9% of its revenue on research and development, nearly double the industry average of
4.7%.[63]

Controversies
In March 2022, German engineering firm Bosch faced allegations of violating European Union sanctions
against Russia after Ukrainian authorities reported finding Bosch components in Russian military
vehicles.[64][65]

In April 2024, the Russian government placed Bosch's Russian subsidiary under the temporary
management of a Gazprom entity, citing responses to Western hostilities.[66]

Additionally, reports have surfaced indicating that Bosch, along with other companies, has been selling
appliances intended for the Ukrainian market in Russia.[67]

Environmental practices and initiatives

In May 2019, Bosch said it planned to be "fully carbon-neutral” by 2020 by investing in clean electricity
and a carbon offset program.[68]

Partnership with universities

Bosch has formed a strategic alliance with the Technische Universität Darmstadt.[69]

See also

Companies portal

Continental AG
Knorr-Bremse
Siemens

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ng.de%252Finhalt.unternehmen-im-dritten-reich-robert-bosch-und-der-doppelte-spagat.dd5
53a40-57df-4ae8-a88d-3a46b7106081.html). stuttgarter-zeitung.de. Stuttgarter-Zeitung.
Archived from the original (https://www.translatetheweb.com/?from=&to=en&dl=en&ref=trb&
a=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.stuttgarter-zeitung.de%252Finhalt.unternehmen-im-dritte
n-reich-robert-bosch-und-der-doppelte-spagat.dd553a40-57df-4ae8-a88d-3a46b7106081.ht
ml) on 31 January 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2020. "Many forced laborers worked at the
Bosch plants. Bähr and Erker estimate the total number at 20,000 forced laborers, including
1,200 concentration camp inmates. At the end of 1944, the share of forced labourers in the
workforce was around 33 percent; in the whole of German industry it was about 25 percent
in August 1944. It cannot be said that the forced laborers at Bosch fared better than
elsewhere. Especially in the factories far from Stuttgart, such as in Kleinmachnow near
Berlin or in Langenbielau (Bielawa) in Silesia, there were attacks. 'The Russian workers and
prisoners of war were subjected to arbitrary acts and denunciations contrary to all the
principles of the company, and concentration camp prisoners were brutally abused at the
Langenbielau plant,' the historians write."
9. "The Virtual Museum of the Holocaust and the Resistance – Irena Matusiak: Cookbooks and
diaries" (https://library.mcmaster.ca/archives/virtualmuseum/mod1-3.html).
library.mcmaster.ca.
10. Bergerson, Andrew Stuart (14 October 2004). Ordinary Germans in Extraordinary Times:
The Nazi Revolution in Hildesheim (https://books.google.com/books?id=rGTL30QmPhsC&p
g=PA218). Indiana University Press. p. 218. ISBN 978-0-253-11123-4.
11. Air Science: Introduction to aviation (https://books.google.com/books?id=jJmlcqjKdNkC&pg
=PA48). Montgomery: U.S. Air University, Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps. 1953.
p. 48. "Even more poorly dispersed was aircraft magneto production, as the Bosch plant
located at Stuttgart produced all the magnetos for the German military machine."
12. Philips CSI sold to Bosch (https://www.building.co.uk/philips-csi-sold-to-bosch/1020783.artic
le), 12 August 2002
13. "100 years of innovation in the packaging industry" (https://process-technology-online.com/t
op-news/news/100-years-of-innovation-in-the-packaging-industry/). Process technology
online - Konradin-Verlag Robert Kohlhammer. 7 September 2006. Retrieved 31 October
2023.
14. Bosch. "Bosch completes acquisition of SPX Corporation's Service Solutions business" (http
s://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/bosch-completes-acquisition-of-spx-corporations-s
ervice-solutions-business-181982761.html) (Press release). PR Newswire. Retrieved
4 February 2020.
15. "FTC approves Bosch buy of SPX Service Solutions, with conditions" (https://www.reuters.c
om/article/spxservice-robertbosch-antitrust-idUSL1E8MQ1FJ20121126). Reuters. 26
November 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
16. "Bosch sells brake unit to KPS Capital Partners" (https://europe.autonews.com/article/20120
111/ANE/301109737/bosch-sells-brake-unit-to-kps-capital-partners). Automotive News
Europe. 11 January 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
17. Bosch in talks to buy Israel's Red Bend Software (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bosch-r
edbend-idUSKBN0GJ1B320140819). Reuters, 20 August 2014
18. [1] (https://www.siemens.com/press/pool/de/pressemitteilungen/2014/corporate/AXX201409
68e.pdf). Siemens and Bosch, 22 September 2014
19. By Press Release, Security Info Watch. "Bosch recognized as a top-performing U.S.
technology company by Ingram Micro (http://www.securityinfowatch.com/press_release/120
24529/bosch-receives-2014-smart-partner-award-for-physical-security-from-ingram-micro)."
4 December 2014. 8 December 2014.
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buys-battery-startup-seeo/). Fortune. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
21. "Bosch acquires U.S. electric car battery developer Seeo" (https://www.reuters.com/article/u
s-seeo-m-a-robert-bosch-idUSKCN0QX1IS20150828). Reuters. 28 August 2015. Retrieved
4 February 2020.
22. "Aston Martin in row over 'sock puppet PR firm' pushing anti-electric vehicle study" (https://w
ww.theguardian.com/business/2020/dec/02/aston-martin-pr-firm-anti-electric-vehicle-study).
The Guardian. 2 December 2020.
23. Michael Nienaber (24 January 2021). "Volkswagen looks to claim damages from suppliers
over chip shortages" (https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/volkswagen-looks-claim-da
mages-suppliers-over-chip-shortages-2021-01-24/). Reuters.
24. "VW may seek damages from Bosch and Conti over chip shortages" (https://europe.autone
ws.com/automakers/vw-may-seek-damages-bosch-and-conti-over-chip-shortages).
Automotive News Europe. 24 January 2021.
25. "Bosch Secures Win in VW Dealers Proposed $1.2 Billion Class Action" (https://www.clearyg
ottlieb.com/news-and-insights/news-listing/bosch-secures-win-in-vw-dealers-proposed-1-2-b
illion-class-action). Cleary Gottlieb. 26 January 2021.
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press-releases/2020-01-16-bosch-packaging-technology-is-now-syntegon)
27. "Bosch opens German chip plant, its biggest-ever investment" (https://www.reuters.com/tec
hnology/bosch-opens-german-chip-plant-its-biggest-ever-investment-2021-06-07/). Reuters.
7 June 2021. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
28. "Bosch picks up Five.ai after the self-driving startup pivoted to B2B and then put itself up for
sale" (https://techcrunch.com/2022/04/12/bosch-picks-up-five-ai-after-the-self-driving-startup
-that-pivoted-to-b2b-put-itself-up-for-sale/). TechCrunch. 12 April 2022. Retrieved 15 April
2022.
29. "Evertiq - Bosch expands sensor business via acquisition" (https://evertiq.com/design/5178
0). evertiq.com. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
30. Wheatley, Mike (14 July 2022). "Germany's Bosch to invest €3 billion in chip manufacturing
and research" (https://siliconangle.com/2022/07/14/germanys-bosch-invest-e3-billion-chip-m
anufacturing-research/). SiliconANGLE. SiliconANGLE Media. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
31. Flaherty, Nick (4 September 2023). "Bosch completes acquisition of assets of TSI
Semiconductors" (https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/bosch-completes-acquisition-of-asset
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32. "Bosch to buy Johnson Controls air-conditioning assets in $8 billion deal" (https://www.reute
rs.com/markets/deals/johnson-controls-sell-heating-ventilation-assets-bosch-67-bln-deal-20
24-07-23/). reuters.
33. Ewing, Jack (1 February 2017). "Supplier's Role Shows Breadth of VW's Deceit" (https://ww
w.nytimes.com/2017/02/01/business/bosch-vw-diesel-settlement.html). The New York
Times. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
34. Levin, Doron (23 May 2019). "German Parts Maker Bosch Gets Off With Relatively Light
$100 Million Fine From VW Dieselgate" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/doronlevin/2019/05/2
3/german-parts-maker-bosch-gets-off-with-relatively-light-100-million-fine-from-vw-dieselgat
e/?sh=197a82521f28). Forbes.
35. "Bosch pays 90-million-euro fine over diesel scandal" (https://www.dw.com/en/bosch-pays-9
0-million-euro-fine-over-diesel-scandal/a-48843405). DW. 23 May 2019.
36. McGee, Patrick (1 February 2017). "Bosch reaches $328m settlement in VW emissions
scandal" (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/964a2f72-e
898-11e6-967b-c88452263daf). Financial Times. Archived from the original (https://www.ft.c
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5 February 2017.
37. Shepardson, David (1 February 2017). "VW, Robert Bosch agree to pay $1.55 billion to
settle U.S. diesel claims" (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-volkswagen-emissions-idUSKB
N15G3NX). Reuters.
38. Shepardson, David (10 January 2019). "Fiat Chrysler agrees to $800 million U.S. diesel-
emissions settlement" (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-fiatchrysler-emissions/fiat-chrysler
-agrees-to-u-s-diesel-emissions-settlement-worth-nearly-800-million-idUSKCN1P41WV).
Reuters. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
39. "Bosch Today 2019" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190512114410/https://assets.bosch.co
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GmbH. Archived from the original (https://assets.bosch.com/media/global/bosch_group/our_
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40. "Sigpack Systems -100 years of innovation in the packaging industry" (https://process-techn
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Process Technology. 7 September 2006. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
41. "About us" (https://www.bosch-healthcare.com/en/about-us/). Robert Bosch. Retrieved
12 May 2019.
42. "Bosch Develops Corona Test Tool to Detect Virus in Under Three Hours" (https://www.nytim
es.com/reuters/2020/03/26/world/europe/26reuters-health-coronavirus-bosch.html). The
New York Times. 26 March 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
43. "Company Overview of Robert Bosch Venture Capital GmbH" (https://www.rbvc.com/).
RBVC Homepage. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
44. "Bosch in the UK" (https://www.bosch.co.uk/our-company/bosch-in-the-united-kingdom/).
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46. "Keeping London on the move" (https://www.bosch.co.uk/news-and-stories/stories/keeping-l
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47. "Bosch – Bosch Research and Technology Center" (https://web.archive.org/web/201412181
12718/http://www.bosch.us/content/language1/html/rtc.htm). Archived from the original (htt
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48. "About Bosch in the USA" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080319035427/http://www.bosch.
us/content/language1/html/867.htm). Bosch. Archived from the original (http://www.bosch.u
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49. Greer Today. "Bosch celebrates opening Greer distribution center (http://greertoday.com/gre
er-sc/bosch-celebrates-opening-greer-distribution-center/2015/05/06/)." 6 May 2015. 14 May
2015.
50. Hoffmann, Josefine (2020). "Agreements and Achievements – MICO in the German Bosch
Archive" (https://www.projekt-mida.de/reflexicon/agreements-and-achievements-mico-in-the-
german-bosch-archive/). MIDA Archival Reflexicon: 3–4. ISSN 2628-5029 (https://search.wo
rldcat.org/issn/2628-5029) – via MIDA 1706–1989).
51. "Bosch enters healthcare space in India" (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-
business/Bosch-enters-healthcare-space-in-India/articleshow/40929482.cms). The Times of
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52. Mishra, Ashish K. (6 November 2014). "Bosch's long tryst with India" (http://www.livemint.co
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quote/auto-ancillaries/bosch/B05). moneycontrol.com. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
54. "RBEI is now Bosch Global Software Technologies" (https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/
companies/rbei-is-now-bosch-global-software-technologies/article38114213.ece). Hindu
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55. "Daimler, Bosch finalize EM-motive electric motor joint venture" (https://www.autoblog.com/2
011/09/20/daimler-bosch-finalize-em-motive-electric-motor-joint-venture/?guccounter=1&gu
ce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvLnVrLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAANikm9f
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57. "Mann+Hummel Takes Over Purolator Filters Joint Venture from Bosch" (https://www.busine
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Retrieved 29 July 2019.

External links
Official website (https://www.bosch.com/)
Documents and clippings about Bosch (http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/co/003322) in
the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW

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