XOHM
4G BROAD BAND
SAGI RAMAKRISHNAM RAJU
ENGINEERING COLLEGE
BHIMAVARAM
Presented by
K.A.P.S PRAKASH P.T.N SAI KIRAN
3/4C.S.E 3/4C.S.E
[email protected] [email protected]
works on the principle of Radio transmission,
Contents: but Wi-Fi is accessible only to a limited area,
In this paper we are going to present about a
1. Introduction
technology which breaks the problems like
2. About Wi-Fi limited area connectivity and also ECO
Friendly, this can be possible with the help of
3. Need for WiMax
WiMax(Worldwide Interoperability for
3.1. WiMax transmission Microwave Access), which supports the
concept of Internet everywhere.
3.2. Implementation
However people are connected by
3.2.1. non-line-of-sight service
opening up the Internet to create a more
3.2.2. line-of-sight service spontaneous and empowering broadband
experience.
4. WiMax Scenario
1. Introduction :
5. XOHM
If we have been in an airport, coffee
6. References
shop, library or hotel recently, chances that we
been right in the middle of a wireless network.
Abstract:
Many people also use wireless networking,
The early days of home Internet also called Wi-Fi or 802.11 networking. In the
access required using a modem connected to a near future, wireless networking may become
computer to dial a number and maintain a so widespread that you can access the Internet
connection. It was cumbersome and slow. The just about anywhere at any time, without using
faster modems became, the more people wires, wireless networks are easy to set up and
realized how painfully sluggish data inexpensive.
transmission had been in the days of 300 baud.
Wireless network uses radio waves, just
Eventually, home users who could afford a
like cell phones, televisions and radios do. In
jump in price could get Broadband access via
fact, communication across a wireless network
digital subscriber lines (DSL), cable and
is a lot like two-way radio communication.
satellite.
1. A computer's wireless adapter
Technology changes from day-to-day;
translates data into a radio signal and
this is also happening in case of networking.
transmits it using an antenna.
So many breakthroughs in the realm of science
2. A wireless router receives the signal
forced the way of networking from wired to
and decodes it. It sends the
wireless, which is very inexpensive and
information to the Internet using a
efficient.
physical, wired Ethernet connection.
A new technology that provides dynamic
connectivity to a network through wireless
which is called as Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity),
The process also works in reverse, with Wireless rather than wired access, so
the router receiving information from the it would be a lot less expensive than
Internet, translating it into a radio signal and cable or DSL and much easier to
sending it to the computer's wireless adapter. extend to suburban and rural areas
Broad coverage like the cell phone
network instead of small Wi-Fi
hotspots
In this article, we'll look at the technology that
allows information to travel over the air. We'll
Think about how you access the also review what it takes to create a wireless
Internet today. There are basically three network in your home.
different options:
2.About Wi-Fi:
Broadband access - In your home,
you have either a DSL or cable
Wi-Fi has a lot of advantages, Wi-Fi
modem. At the office, your company
means “Wireless Fidelity” can also be referred
may be using a T1 or a T3 line.
as Wi-Fi or 802.11 networking. The 802.11
Wi-Fi access - In your home, you
designation comes from the Institute of
may have set up a Wi-Fi router that
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
lets you surf the Web while you
The IEEE sets standards for a range of
lounge with your laptop. On the road,
technological protocols, and it uses a
you can find Wi-Fi hot spots in
numbering system to classify these standards.
restaurants, hotels, coffee shops and
libraries.
Dial-up access - If you are still using
dial-up, chances are that either
broadband access is not available, or
nyou think that broadband access is
too expensive.
The main problems with broadband access are
that it is pretty expensive and it doesn't reach
all areas. The main problem with Wi-Fi access
is that hot spots are very small, so coverage is
One wireless router can allow multiple
sparse. What if there was a new technology
devices to connect to the Internet.
that solved all of these problems? This new
technology would provide:
It works on the principle of radio
transmission. The radios used for Wi-Fi
The high speed of broadband service
communication are very similar to the radios
used for walkie-talkies, cell phones and other It can handle up to 11
devices. They can transmit and receive radio megabits of data per second,
waves, and they can convert 1s and 0s into and it uses complimentary
radio waves and convert the radio waves back code keying (CCK) coding.
into 1s and 0s. But Wi-Fi radios have a few 802.11g transmits at 2.4
notable differences from other radios. GHz like 802.11b, but it's a
lot faster -- it can handle up
They transmit at frequencies of 2.4 to 54 megabits of data per
GHz or 5GHz. This frequency is second. 802.11g is faster
considerably higher than the because it uses the same
frequencies used for cell phones, OFDM coding as 802.11a.
walkie-talkies and televisions. The
higher frequency allows the signal to 802.11n is the newest
carry more data. standard that is widely
They use 802.11 networking available. This standard
standards, which come in several significantly improves speed
flavors: and range. For instance,
although 802.11g
802.11a transmits at 5GHz theoretically moves 54
and can move up to 54 megabits of data per second,
megabits of data per second. it only achieves real-world
It also uses orthogonal speeds of about 24 megabits
frequency-division of data per second because
multiplexing of network congestion.
802.11n, however,
(OFDM), a more efficient
reportedly can achieve
coding technique that splits
speeds as high as 140
that radio signals into several
megabits per second.
sub-signals before they reach
a receiver. This greatly Wi-Fi radios can transmit on any of
reduces interference. three frequency bands. Or, they can "frequency
hop" rapidly between the different bands.
802.11b is the slowest and
Frequency hopping helps reduce interference
least expensive standard. For
and lets multiple devices use the same wireless
a while, its cost made it
connection simultaneously. Wi-Fi transmission
popular, but now it's
is limited up to certain distance, suppose we
becoming less common as
have to construct a wireless network through a
faster standards become less
longer distance, which is not possible with
expensive. 802.11b transmits
this, so there is a need for another technology.
in the 2.4 GHz frequency
band of the radio spectrum.
3. Need for WiMax:
WiMAX outdistances Wi-Fi by miles, 2. A WiMAX receiver - The receiver
WiMAX is short for Worldwide and antenna could be a small box or PCMCIA
Interoperability for Microwave Access, and card, or they could be built into a laptop the
it also goes by the IEEE name 802.16, way Wi-Fi access is today.
WiMAX would receive data from the WiMAX
transmitting station, probably using encrypted
data keys to prevent unauthorized users from
stealing access this is the main advantage. In
this way network security is also embedded.
WiMAX has the potential to do to
broadband Internet access what cell phones
have done to phone access. In the same way
that many people have given up their "land
lines" in favor of cell phones, WiMAX could
replace cable and DSL services, providing A WiMAX tower station can connect
universal Internet access just about anywhere directly to the Internet using a high-bandwidth,
you go. WiMAX will also be as painless as wired connection (for example, a T3 line). It
Wi-Fi -- turning your computer on will can also connect to another WiMAX tower
automatically connect you to the closest using a line-of-sight, microwave link. This
available WiMAX antenna. connection to a second tower (often referred to
as a backhaul), along with the ability of a
3.1 WiMax Transmission (3G): single tower to cover up to 3,000 square miles,
is what allows WiMAX to provide coverage to
A WiMAX system consists of two parts: remote rural areas.
1. A WiMAX tower, similar in concept to
a cell-phone tower - A single WiMAX tower
can provide coverage to a very large area -- as
big as 3,000 square miles (~8,000 square km).
Way of transmission:
The propagation path of a signal
includes the direct wave, a reflected wave, a
surface wave
WiMax Tower
physical obstructions they are better able to
diffract, or bend, around obstacles.
3.2.2 Line-of-sight service:
A fixed dish antenna points straight at
the WiMAX tower from a rooftop. The line-of-
sight Connection is stronger and more stable,
3.2 Implementation:
so it's able to send a lot of data. This
Wi-Fi-style access will be limited to a transmission uses higher frequencies, with
4-to-6 mile radius (perhaps 25 square miles or ranges reaching a possible 66 GHz. At higher
65 square km of coverage, which is similar in frequencies, there is less interference and lots
range to a cell-phone zone). Through the more bandwidth.
stronger line-of-sight antennas, the WiMAX
The fastest Wi-Fi connection can
transmitting station would send data to
transmit up to 54 Mbps under optimal
WiMAX-enabled computers or routers set up
conditions. WiMAX should be able to handle
within the transmitter's 30-mile radius (2,800
up to 70 Mbps. Even once those 70Mb is split
square miles or 9,300 square km of coverage).
up between several dozen businesses or a few
This is what allows WiMAX to achieve its
hundred home users, it will provide at least the
maximum range.
equivalent of cable-modem transfer rates to
each user.
IEEE 802.16 Specifications:
Range - 30-mile (50-km) radius from
base station
Speed - 70 megabits per second
Line-of-sight not needed between
user and base station
WiMax provides two types of wireless Frequency bands - 2 to 11 GHz and
services 10 to 66 GHz
3.2.1 Non-line-of-sight service: 4. WiMax Scenario:
A small antenna on your computer
Internet service provider sets up a
connects to the tower. In this mode, WiMAX
WiMAX base station 10 miles from our home.
uses a lower frequency range of 2 GHz to 11
we would buy a WiMAX-enabled computer or
GHz (similar to Wi-Fi). Lower-wavelength
upgrade our old computer to add WiMAX
transmissions are not as easily disrupted by
capability. we would receive a special
encryption code that would give you access to
the base station. The base station would beam one account and it’s always available. No
data from the Internet to our computer (at long-term contracts – you can pay by the day,
speeds potentially higher than today's cable the month or the year.
modems), for which we would pay the
provider a monthly fee. The cost for this
service could be much lower than current high-
speed Internet-subscription fees because the
provider never had to run cables.
XOHM won’t just connect WiMAX-
enabled products to the internet it’ll allow
The WiMAX protocol is designed to them to connect across the network to each
accommodate several different methods of other. We expect this to open exciting new
data transmission, one of which is Voice Over experiences beyond just getting online with the
Internet Protocol (VoIP). VoIP allows people potential to change how we communicate,
to make local, long-distance and even enjoy, and achieve - for example:
international calls through a broadband
Internet connection, bypassing phone Health: a mobile health monitor
companies entirely. If WiMAX-compatible could track and transmit a user’s
vitals and alert a hospital or caregiver
computers become very common, the use of
in case of an emergency.
VoIP could increase dramatically. Almost Sports: a runner’s performance could
anyone with a laptop could make VoIP calls. be monitored by WiMAX-enabled
chips built into her shoes to be shared
with coaches, peers or spectators.
Home Entertainment: While you’re
out of town, your WiMAX-enabled
DVR could send a reminder to your
phone that your favorite TV show is
5. XOHM (4G Technology): about to start - command it to record
the show to watch later via your
XOHM is coming – providing next- WiMAX-enabled portable video
player.
generation mobile broadband across your city.
With XOHM, you no longer need to find a
Broadband Speed:
hotspot for a broadband internet experience –
the hotspot comes with you. There are no XOHM's WiMAX network allows
compromises here – even if it’s streaming you to experience mobile internet at broadband
fullscreen video. And with XOHM, you have speeds. XOHM will let you enjoy the most
bandwidth-intensive applications like games, It is to be concluded that among all
streaming movies, sharing photos and video, communication interfaces wireless is better
music and other entertainment, even on the go. one, in that going to WiMax is the better
solution in all aspects, now some of the
Next Generation Internet: companies are trying to establish their
Get ready to experience how networks using this technology.
spontaneous the internet can be. With XOHM
References:
mobile broadband, you’ll be able to:
Book: Shouldering the Weight of WiMax
Stream movies
http://www.networkdictionary.com
Watch a video
http://www.howstuffworks.com
Download music
http://ieee802.org/16/pub/backgrounder.html
http://www.xohm.com/about-overview.html
http://www.intel.com/technology/wimax/
index.html
Share photos
Play games
Instant Message
E-mail
Surf the web
Or whatever you want - around your home,
office or on the go, wherever there’s XOHM
coverage - all on the same connection
Plug and Play:
Getting started with XOHM is a snap:
no wires means no service calls, drilling, or
digging – just plug and play.
Compendium:
