I

BACHELOR OF MEDICINE & BACHELOR OF

SURGERY (MBBS)
1st PHASE
AU/01.08.2024
Biochemistry - A (10112-A)
Time allowed: 03 Hours (15 Minutes for'MCQs)
Total Marks= 100
► Attempt ALL Questions. 1
► Use SEPARATE answer sheet for each part.
► Illustrate your answers with suitable DIAGRAMS, wher
►
ever required.
Any identification mark on question paper shall be cons
idered as Unfair Mean Practice.

PART-I
I. Question number I, MCQs of 10 marks (Separate
sheet)
2. Describe the pathway of beta-oxidation of fatty
acid under the following headings: activation,
transport, steps and energetics.
3. Describe Briefly. (2+2+4+2=10)
a. Reactions, Energetics, Anapleurosis of TCA cycle (5x6=30)
.
b. Define uncouplers. Enlist the TWO uncouplers. Expl
ain the mechanism with suitable example of
any ONE uncouplers.
c. Describe glycogen breakdown and add a note on .
regulation of glycogen phosphorylase?
d. Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure.
e. Define biotransformation. How are Sulphonamide
s, isoniazid and benzoic acid detoxified in our
body?
f.: What are the Duties and Rights of a registered medi
cal practitioner?
(It

PART-II
4. 52-Year-old executive, smoker & alcoholic
for 32 years came to emergency at 3 AM with throbbing
chest pain radiating to left jaw and- inner side of theleft
years, BP was 180/90 mmHg, His laboratory investigathand. Patient was diabetic, hypertensive for 5
ions reports were: Blood glucose: 430mg/dl,
serum cholesterol and CKMB levels were also found
to be elevated. ECG was suggestive of ischemia:
a. Write the probable cause for the above symptoms
. (1)
b. Explain with help of a graph, diagnostically impo
rtant enzymes, and proteins for confirming the
diagnosis and write the significance of each marker.
c. Define isoenzyme and write the significance of vario (4)
us isoenzymes of Creatine Kinase. (1+2 = 3)
d. What is the mechanism of action of statins?
5. Describe Briefly. Five Marks each (2)
a. A 50 yr. old male wi~ a history of chronic obstr
uctive pulmonary disease (COPD) is brought to
the emergency with shortness of breath and respirator
y infection. ABO analysis shows pH: 7.24,
pCO2 : 60 mm Hg, HCOJ- : 26 mEq/L. What is the
probable diagnosis? Describe the acid base
disturbance in this case.
b. Describe the functions of copper in our body. Wha
t is the biochemical basis of Wilson's disease?
c. Describe the structure ofimmunoglobulin with a suita
d. Antioxidants ble diagram. Enumerate the functions oflgA.
e. A SO-year-old mai{ presented with severe back pain ·- ·~ • •
and weakness. He has significant 'Yeigh! loss
in l~Ll ..months. Bone ~o w piopsy. ~~~'YS plasm.a
~ells~ iii e?{Cess..x ray skull shows punched
out lesions. Urine is positive for Bence Jones proteins.
What is the cause for above presentation?
Describe the serum protein elec\r.QP-horesis.fmdings in
this case. Describe Bence Jones proteins.
f. Give biochemical reasoning:
i. High anion gap is seen in Diabetic ketoacidosis
ii. Fluoride deficiency causes dental caries (1 mark)
111. Hyperkalaemia is seen in metabolic
(1 mark)
acidosis (1 mark)
iv. Alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity is increased
in Obstructive Jaundice (1 mark)
v. Peroxisomes are protected from the toxic effects
of H2O2 (1 mark)

b
 (5x2::=10)

m ic al basis fo r the followings: .

6. W ri te bi oc he
t of resp ira to ry di str es s sy ndrome in premature babies
a. Developmen
sis
b. LDL causes atherosclero
ed for fever and pain
c. Paracetamol is prescrib on an d absorption of lipids.
J)eed ed for di ge sti
d. Bile salts are to hypoalbuminemia
el op m en t of oe de m a du e
e. Dev x- x-x-x-x

•.
 .

BACHELOR OF MEDICINE & BACHELOR OF SURGE~Y

. I ')_)\ t) \ u, " l
(MBBS)
1st PHASE
\
AU/03.08.2024 I

I
Biochemistry - B (10112-B) I
I
I
Time allowed: 03 Hours (15 Minutes for MCQs)
1 Total Marks= 100
► Attempt ALL Questions.
► Use SEPARATE answer sheet for each part.
► Illustrate your answers with suitable DIAGRAMS, wherever required.
► Any identification mark on question paper shall be considered as uniair Mean
Practice.
I

PART-I
1. Question number 1, MCQs of 10 marks (Separate sheet)
I\
I

2. A young lady from low socioeconomic class came to medicine OPD

with complaints of easy fatiguability,
tiredness, giddiness, and breathlessness. On examination she was pale, her
heart and lungs were normal. Her
hemoglobin concentration was 8gm%:
a. What is the probable cause for breathlessness in this lady?
( l)
b. Describe the pathway of heme synthesis, add a note on its regulation.
(6)
c. Name the mineral important for synthesis of heme? Write its dietary source.
(1+1= 2)
d. Describe the peripheral smear finding in this case.
. (1)
3. Describe Briefty. Five Marks each
a. Name. var1ous plasma proteins in the blood. Write the function of cerulop
. . .. . ~
lasmin.
b. . De,µnin1:.tion reactio n with• suitable example. Explain .
the functions of nitric oxide in our body
c. Write the reaction of active methionine synthesis. Write a note on cystinu
ria. •
d. A person suffering from gout was treated with allopurinol. What
is the gout? Explain the rationale behind
the treatment of gout with allopurinol.
e. A 45-year-old woman presents to the clinic, feeling tired and fatigue
d all the time. She had constipation
and intolerance to cold. She has an enlarged, nontender swelling in
front of the neck. · On blood
investigation: TSH - 15.6 mlU/L (0.3 - 4.5 mIU/L), FT4 - 0.5 ng/dl (0.8
- 1.9 ng/dl), Total Cholesterol -
300 mg/dl, Triglycerides - 270 mg/dl. What is the probable diagnosis? Interpret
the result and explain the
lab findings
f. The following are the findings of a jaundiced patient. Serum bilirubi
n - 9.0 mg/dl, Conjugated bilirubin -
8.6 mg/dl,. Unconjugated bilirubin - 0.4 mg/dl, ALP - 480 IU/L, AST -
40 IU/L, ALT - 30 IU/L, Urine
urobilinogen - Negative, Urine bile pigments & bile salts ·- Positive
(+++) . Analyze the laboratory
investigation an~ identify the type of jaundice in the above case? Write
the differences between various
types of jaundice.

PA.RT-II

4·. Write the steps of replication in prokaryotes. \Vrite TWO inhibitors of

prokaryotic replication with
their mechanism of action.
(7+3 = 10 marks)
5. Describe Briefly. Five Marks each
a. Young married couple came to gynecologist and expressed a desire to
have a baby. After
examining, doctor advised her to start folic acid along with other medica
tions. Write the reason
behind prescribing folic acid in this case. What are the manifestations expect
ed in folate
deficiency during pregnancy and the fetal outcomes? •
b. Biochemical functions, normal requirement and deficiency manifestation
s of vitamin D•
. ,
' .'{1;
/~.
I
// c. STATEMENT 1 : More than one codon can code for a single aminoacid.
,.,
STATEMENT 2 : More than one aminoacids can be coded by a single codon.
to the true
Which statement is true? Mention the property of genetic code that is applicable
the properties
statement. What is wobble phenomenon? Explain with an example. Mention all
of genetic code.
n Biosynthetic
d. A 11 year old boy is diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. He was prescribed Huma
tools required
Insulin (BHI). Mention the technology used for the synthesis of BHI. Mention the
for the technology. What is cDNA? How is it synthesized?
e. Tumor markers and their clinical applications
t f. Rights of a patient

6. Describe very briefly. Two Marks each

a. Justify the statement: Vitamin E and selenium acts synergistically.
t with high
b. What is biological value of protein? Give examples of a dietary supplemen
biological value of protein.
c. How does Aspirin act as an antiplatelet drug by inhibitiQg cyclooxygenase?
d. What is facilitated passive diffusion? Give example.
e. Inbor n error assoc iated with Pheny lalani ne metab olism
 Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research , Bathinda
Biochemistry PAPER- 8
Send Up, MBBS 18T Phase, July 2024
Date: 12.07.2024 Time- 3 hrs (15 min for Mcqs) Marks= 100
• Use separate answer sheet for Part I & Part II

Q II. Long answer type Questions:

(10x1=10)
Q. What is transcription? Explain the steps of transcription. Describe the antibiotics that
inhibit the process of
transcription. Add a note on post transcriptional changes also. (1+3+3+3)
Q Ill. Short answer type questions:
(Sx6=30)
1. A 45 years female, office worker presented with complaints of fatigue and lethargy
for the past 6 months,
weight gain of 5 kg over the last 3 months despite no significant change in diet or activity level,
co\d intolerance,
constipation, dry skin and hair thinning.
On investigation:
Lipid Profile: Elevated total cholesterol and lOl levels
TFTs: TSH: 8.5 mlU/l (Normal: 0.4- 4.0 mlU/l), FT4: 0.6 ng/dl (Normal: 0.8-1.8 ng/dl)
FT3: 2.0 pg/ml (Normal: 2.~ - 4.2 pg/ml)
i) What is the probable diagnosis? Give points in favour. 2
ii) What can be causes of above disease? 1
iii) Which mineral and amino acid takes part in the formation of thyroid hormones? 2
2. Explain the principle and applications of Western Blotting.
3. Describe the biomedical importance of prostaglandins in detail.
4. Give coenzyme form of Niacin and pyridoxine and their functions.
5. Enlist diagnostic and therapeutic applications of radioisotopes with examples.
6.

-
Describe the role of physician towards society and communit y.

Q IV. long Answer type questions:

ll0xl-10)
Q. Discuss the role of,,!t!P~jnJ;be.,S.VJ)tb.esjs of catecholamines and melanin.
What are the c\inica\ implications
of def~ts in this pathway? Also discuss phenylketonuria in detail. (4+2+4)

Q V. Short answer type questions:

(6x5=30)
Ql. A 4-year-old boy brought to the clinic by his parents due to concerns about his developm
ental progress and
disturbing self-injurious behaviour. The parents report that he has been biting his lips and
fingers severely, leading
to bleeding and tissue damage. They have observed this behaviour intensify over the past
year.
-Laboratory Investigations: Blood Tests: Elevated uric acid levels, Urinalysis: Presence of urate
crystals.
i) What is the diagnosis in the above case? Give the points in favour. 2
ii) Give the enzyme deficiency in the above case. Also write the reaction catalysed by this enzyme.
2
, iii) To which pathway does this disorder is related to? 1
qi. Describe secondary structure of proteins in detail.
~3.\ What is weaning? What are various foods which are given during weaning? What
can be the various
-- complications of weaning?
Q4. Describe in detail about transgenic animals.
QS. What are tumour markers? Explain their diagnostic importance with the help of examples
.
QG. Explain the various!allosteric effector ~hich affect the binding of 0 to haemoglobin.
--- -• 2 Also explain their effect
on oxygen dissociation curve.
Q VI. Very short answer type questions: (Sx2=10}
1. tRNA
2. Orotic aciduria
3. Functions of Vitamin E
4. Clearance and its uses

s~ ~ ~i.t rN\ twftrlJd d•~,~ .

 Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Bathinda
Biochemistry PAPER· A
Send Up, MBBS 151 Phase, April 2024
Date: 10.07.2024 Time- 3 hrs (15 min for Mcqs) Marks= 100
II. Long Answer Questions: (10><1=10)
Q. Give IUBMB classification of enzymes. Explain allosteric regulation of enzymes with example. Describe the
diagnostic and therapeutic uses of enzymes. (3+3+4)
Q 111. Short answer type questions: (6><5=30)
Ql. A 55 years old man with long standing diabetes mellitus presented with oedema and low urine output. His blood
urea level was -135mg%, serum creatinine was 4.0mg% and creatinine clearance was 25ml/min. Heat coagulation test
was positive.
i) What is the most likely diagnosis? Give points in favour. 2
ii) What other complications can develop in this patient because of long standing diabetes? 2
iii) What is the cause of oedema in this patient? 1
Q2. Give structure and function of Endoplasmic reticulum.
Q3. Explain diagrammatically structure of an immunoglobulin molecule. Add a note on their functions.
Q4. Describe Phase II reactions of detoxification in detail.
QS. Give the sources of generation of free radicals in the body. Describe the diseases which can occur because of
them.
Q6. Discuss the importance of life-long learning by a physician.
~ Part-II
Q IV. long Answer type Questions: (l0xl-10)
~
Q. Exp\;l\n the process of beta oxidation of fatty acids in detail. Give the bioenergetics when one mclec~I~ of palmitic
acid is completely oxidised. Add a note on oxidation of fatty acids containing odd number of carbon atoms. (4+4+2)

Q V. Short answer t'{pe questions: (6x5=30)

Ql. A 65 years male, retired with Chronic ob~ructiv~ pulmonary di_sease (COPD) for 10 years, hypertension, smoking
history of 40 pack-years (quit 5 years ago). His chief complaint was incre~~i_ng~s~o-~_nes~ of br~ath a~d confusion over
the past three days. His family members noticed he has become more confused and lethargic over the past three days.
On general examination he was confused and was in moderate respiratory distress. On respiratory examination he was
having pro1onged expiratory phase, diffuse wheezing, decreased breath sounds in both lower lobes.
Lab tests came out to be: pH: 7.30, PaCO2: 55 mmHg, HCO3-: 30 mEq/L (compensated), PaO2: 60 mmHg
i) Which type of disorder is there in the above case? Give points in favour. 3
ii) What are the basic management guidelines in the patient? 2
Q2. Explain the irreversible steps of gluconeosenesis. Also give the regulation of this pathway. (3+2)
-~ -~
Q3. _Descrrbe blood buffers in detail.
• Q4. Explain the mechanism of iron absorption in detail.
QS. Give the structure and function of collagen in detail along with its associated disorders. (2+1+2)
Q6. wr·i te a note on ATP synthase complex.

Q VI. Very short answer questions: (Sx2=10)

1. Anomers
,2. Liposomes
,
3. Uncouplers
4. Mutarotation
, 5. Essential fatty acids

I •
 Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Bathinda
Biochemistry
Centralized Assessment Test, MBBS 1ST Phase, January 2024
Date: 10.01.2024 Time- 3 hrs (15 min for MCQ's) Marks= 100
• Use separate answer sheet for Part I & Part II

~2. Very Long Answer questions

Define enzyme inhibition. Enumerate various types. Describe various types of enzyme inhibition. Add a note on
allosteric enzyme inhibition. (1+2+4+3)

Q3. Short answer type questions: (6x5=30)

a. Uncouplers
b. Coenzyme form of pyridoxine and its function
c. Clearance and its significance.
d. GAGs
e. liposomes
f. F~nctions of plasma proteins
Part-II

----
Q4. Explain diagra,rrimatically ETC in detail. Also explain the inhibitors of various complexes. (6+4=10)

QS. Short Answer type Questions: (6x5=30)

a. A 51-year-old male presents to the emergency with chest pain. He describes the chest pain as a pressure
4~ behind his breastbone that spreads to the left side of his neck which lasted approx. 15 min., then subsided
on its own. He was nauseated and sweated during the episode. ECG revealed ST se6ment elevatiog. Serum
troponin I and T levels are elevated. ~\ tGJc..: •
Q i. What is the probable diagnosis? 2
~ Q ii. What are the other markers used for the diagnosis of this disease? 3
~ b. Biologically important peptides .
. 'f' c. Effect of 2,3 BPG on Oxygen dissociation curve
¢ d. Structure and function of tRNA
-~ e. Function and deficiency manifestation of vitamin Ill,]
¢f. Differentiate prehepatic and post hepatic jaundice

Q6. Very short answer type questions: (2x5=10)

- a.
b.
\ c.
Folate trap
Glycosides
Alpha helical structure of proteins
~
d. Sphingolipids
.. e. Synthetic nucleotide Analogues
 , I

Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Bathinda

BIOCHEMISTRY
Centralized Assessment Test, MBBS 1sT Phase, May 2023
Date: 24.04.2024 Time- 3 hrs (15 min for Mcqs) Marks =100
~ • Attempt ALL Questions.
~~ • Use SEPARATE answer sheet for each part.
W'/ Q II. long Answer Questions: ,... - - -·
plain the significance of HMP shunt pathway. Describe.? :ecipitating fact rs
\) r .
and co_~~~~e'}ces of GGPD deficiency. (6+1+3)
/. hort answer questions: x =30)
A 7 months old female child presented with features of hepatomegaly and hypoglyc
aemia. Lab investigations showed: Blood
sugar: 40mg%, Uric acid: 10mg%, Serum cholesterol: 300~%~ Lactic
1 acid: 10mmol/L
a) What is the diagnosis In the above case? \[ QV- ~r l ' t ' 0 •
1 ~
b) Give points in favour of the diagnosis.
2
c) Which enzyme deficiency ls seen in the above case?
1
d) What type of disease is it?
1
. //Wha t are nutritional disorders? Explain indices used to measure obesity.

0 Describe the process of one carbon metabolism.

---- ••
Enlist the coroplications-ef-ob~sity. (1+2+2)

{,.4· ribe de novo synthesis of purines.

....
.,...-5:"" Describe atherosclerosis in detail with special mention of its
risk factors and consequences.
fa- Explain the qualities of a good physician.
Q IV. long answer Questions:
Explain diagrammatically urea cycle in detail. Also explain its associated disorders
. Add a note on ammonia toxicity. {4-r3+3)
' . . ~

Q V. Short answer questions: (6x5=30)

1.
A 40 years old man presented with severe pain, redness and swelling of base
of first metatarsophalangeal
joint in the night after a bout of alcohol c~mpti Qn. The patient was in
usual state of health until early in
the morning when he woke up with severe pain in his right big toe. The patient
denies any trauma to the toe
and no previous history of such pain in other joint. On examination he had
mild fever 38.rc. The right toe
was swollen, warm, red and exquisitely tender. Serum uric acid was 9.7 mg/di
a) What is the diagnosis? 1
M~ b) Give points in favour. 2
f\.§ /..A' c) Which drug is used for the treatment of above disease? Give its mechani
sm of action. 2
{\- _..,..., . ~ :- , ~xplain the biochemical basis of chronic complica
tions (microvascular) of di,2!?e~s.
. Give diagrammatic representation of Carnitine shuttle involved in fatty
,., acid oxidation.
~r"Vita min Dis also a hormone. Explain. .....=--·- - - - - - - - - -
s~' Explain the process of keto_genesis in detail. '
....,,.,'-: ___,....,
/ ' What are lipoproteins? Enumerate them. Differentiate various lipoprote
ins on the basis of their function and'\
• composition. •
(lt~+3) {£~
g_~ - C.....J
Q VI. Very short answer questions: (Sx2=10)

Secondary Gout
Dietary advice in pregnancy.
Lesch Nyhan Syndrome
Functions of Vitamin E
Polyamines