HISTORY OF PLASTIC AND VISUAL ARTS s

It is recognized as the origin of

the plastic arts to the cave paintings

in Altamira. Since prehistoric times,
man began to interpret his
experiences with drawings about the
activity of hunting; they painted with
the blood of animals.
All ancient civilizations gave real
importance to the arts
plastic arts, whether in painting as I
mentioned before or in the creation
of sculptures and utensils for war or
food; other civilizations also created
magnificent works of art.
funeral decorating th graves.
The important
e thing to keep in mind is
that what ancient man tries to express
in his art is the importance that was
given to spirituality at this stage of
history. That is why we see
interpretations of gods (generally
these civilizations were polytheistic),
myths and life after death (for

example for the Egyptians). It is also

very important to meet basic needs,
such as food and clothing. That is why
there are paintings depicting the
hunting of some animal, and the
decorations on the clothing (this is
seen a lot in the clothing of pre-Incan
cultures and later American culture).
The origin of the visual arts goes hand
in hand with the origin of humanity,
with its history, with its stages, with
its wars, with scientific and technical
advances. - They cannot be separated.
- Since the beginning of humanity, you
will find cave art represented in caves.
- From then until today, the visual arts
have advanced at the same pace as
humanity. - You cannot separate
them. - If not, look, if you are going to
study medieval art, what period of
history are you going to go to, the
contemporary one. No, you are going
to go to specific dates, to very specific
historical periods.
CLASSIFICATION OF PLASTIC AND VISUAL ARTS
ARCHITECTURE

Neoclassicism and Italianate architecture (late 16th century) 18th and early 19th
centuries).

SCULPTURE PAINT

The Victory of Samothrace, belonging to the sculpture of Ancient Greece. The Mona Lisa, a Renaissance
painting by Leonardo da Vinci.
 ARCHITECTURE IN ANCIENT AGE
The architecture of Ancient Greece is the architecture produced by the Greek-speaking peoples
(Hellenic people) whose culture flourished in the Greek peninsula and the Peloponnese, the
Aegean islands, and in the colonies of Asia Minor and in Italy for a period from about 900 BC. until
the 1st century AD, with the earliest remaining architectural works dating from around 600 BC.

The Parthenon, a masterpiece of Ancient Greek architecture, was built in the mid-5th century BC. C. on the Acropolis of Athens.

Gothic architecture is the artistic form on which the definition of Gothic art was formed, the artistic
style between the Romanesque and the Renaissance, which developed in Western Europe - Latin
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_OccidentalChristianity - in the Late Middle Ages, from the
end of the 12th century to the 15th century, although beyond Italy the Gothic survivals continued
until the beginning of the 16th century.
 ARCHITECTURE IN THE CONTEMPORARY AGE

The new style developed in Rome, reaching its peak between 1630 and 1670; from then on
Baroque spread throughout the rest of Italy and Europe, while in the 18th century Rome returned
to Classicism following the example of Paris.

CHARACTERS WHO STOOD OUT IN ARCHITECTURE

Juan Gomez de Mora. Plaza Mayor of Madrid. 17th Royal Monastery of the Incarnation in Madrid, by Brother
century.
of the Mother of God, 1611-1616 Alberto
 Murcia Cathedral, Jaime Bort 1737-1754.
1755. by Alberto de Churriguera and Andrés García de 1724
Plaza Mayor of Salamanca,

Quiñones, -
Sacred Chapel of the Savior, (Diego de Siloé, Andrés de Vandelvira)

SCULPTURE IN ANCIENT AGE

Ancient Egyptian sculpture

Sculpture in Ancient Egypt was practiced from the Predynastic period with admirable perfection in
statuary and bas-reliefs, with thousands of objects of one kind or another preserved, made of wood,
ivory, bronze (sometimes gilded and with gold and silver inlays), baked clay and, above all, stone, which
for statues is usually very hard.
 Old Kingdom. Menkaure. Old Kingdom. The seated scribe.

SCULPTURE OF ANCIENT GREECE

The sculpture of Ancient Greece reached the ideal of artistic beauty as far as human ingenuity could go on its
own. Although Greece flourished in all the Fine Arts, none distinguished it as much as sculpture.

Athena (5th century he work of Phidias. Aphrodite, Pan and Eros.

BC) C.).
Victory of Samothrace.

SCULPTURE OF ANCIENT ROME

Roman sculpture developed throughout the area of Roman influence, with its central focus in the metropolis,
between the 6th and 7th centuries BC. C. and V. It originally derived from Greek sculpture, mainly through the
inheritance of Etruscan sculpture, and then directly, through contact with the colonies of Magna Graecia and
Greece itself, during the Hellenistic period.
Augustus of Prima Porta, Vatican Museums. 4th century. The Good Shepherd, early
Christian,

Sacrifice scene from the altar of Ahenobarbus, 1st

century BC. C.

CHARACTERS WHO STOOD OUT IN SCULPTURE

Vatican Pietà, a work of the Renaissance Michelangel

o
 Lorenzo de Medici, by Verrocchio. Michelangelo's David

THE PAINTING

Painting is the art and technique of creating images through the application of colour pigments on a surface,
be it paper, canvas, wood, wall, etc. It is usually divided into mural painting (fresco, tempera) or easel painting
(tempera, oil, pastel), and can also be classified according to its genre (portrait, landscape, still life, etc.). For
centuries, painting has been the main means of documenting reality, reflecting in its images the historical
development of the different cultures that have succeeded one another over time, as well as their customs
and material conditions.
Renaissance painting underwent a notable evolution from medieval forms, with naturalistic forms and profane
or mythological themes alongside religious ones. Perspective studies made it possible to create works of great
realistic effect, based on mathematical proportions, with special use of the "golden section" after the study
published by Luca Pacioli (De Divina Proportione, 1509).

The Mona Lisa (1503-1506)

THE CHARACTERS WHO STOOD OUT IN PAINTING

Leonardo da Vinci
Mona Lisa
 LEONARDO DA VINCI (1452-1519) – For better or worse, Leonardo will always be known as the author
of the most famous painting of all time, the Gioconda or Mona Lisa. But it is more than that, much
more. His humanistic, almost scientific gaze penetrated the art of the quattrocento and revolutionized
it with his fumeteo that no one was able to imitate.

Albrecht Dürer Natural

Landscapes

12. ALBERT DURER (1471-1528) – The real Leonardo da Vinci of Northern Europe was Dürer, a restless and
innovative genius, a master of drawing and colour. He is one of the first artists to represent nature without
artifice, both in his landscapes and in his drawings of plants and animals.

PABLO PICASSO (1881-1973) – Picasso is a gigantic earthquake with eternal consequences for the history of
art. With the possible exception of Michelangelo (who focused his greatest efforts on sculpture and
architecture), no other artist showed such ambition in placing his work within the history of art. Picasso
created the avant-garde movements. Picasso destroyed the avant-garde movements. He looked back at the
great masters and surpassed them when he set his mind to it. He confronted the entire history of art and
single-handedly redefined the tortuous relationship between work and spectator.
 BOLIVIAN ART

Bolivian art in the 19th century, still influenced by late baroque and neoclassicism, moved towards
eclecticism at the end of the century. Bolivian painters were not influenced by the isms that
revolutionized European painting until the late 1940s. The most prominent artists of that time
(1880-1920) were José García Mesa, author of some works of French inspiration (Ingres), urban
landscapes and epic works (The Death of Murillo). Ángel Dávalos was a still life painter and
expressive portraitist. Avelino Nogales sought out some themes from mythology and others of a
civic nature, in addition to cultivating portraiture with great assiduity and class.

But without a doubt the two great visual artists who cover the first half of the 20th century are
Cecilio Guzmán de Rojas and Arturo Borda.
 WORD SEARCH

CONTEMPORARY
ARCHITECTURE
SCULPTURE
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