KIRK

THERAPEUTIC
VET
CURRENT
XIV
 KIRK

THERAPEUTIC
VET
CURRENT
XIV
Editor
John D. Bonagura, DVM, MS, DACVIM
(Cardiology, Internal Medicine)
Professor
Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege
of Veterinary MedicineThe
Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio

Associate Editor
David C. Twedt, DVM, DACVIM
(INTERNAL MEDICINE)
Professor
Department of Clinical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical
SciencesColorado State University
Fort Collins, Colorado

with more than 325 illustrations

ELSEVIER

Amsterdam Barcelona Beijing Boston Philadelphia London Madrid

Mexico Milan Munich Orlando Paris Rome Sydney Tokyo Toronto
Consulting Editors

v
SECTION I CRITICAL CARE SECTION VIII CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Nishi Dhupa, BVM, DACVIM (Internal John D. Bonagura, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Medicine), DACVECC (Cardiology, Internal Medicine)

SECTION II TOXICOLOGICAL DISEASES SECTION IX URINARY DISORDERS

Michael J. Murphy, DVM, PhD, DACT India F. Lane, DVM, MS, DACVIM

SECTION III ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC SECTION X DISORDERS

DISEASES OF REPRODUCTION
Mark E. Peterson, DVM, DACVIM Margaret V. Root Kustritz, DVM, PhD,
DACT
SECTION IV ONCOLOGY AND HEMATOLOGY
SECTION XI NEUROLOGICAL AND
Douglas H. Thamm, VMD, DACVIM MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES
(Oncology)
Rodney S. Bagley, DVM, DACVIM
(Neurology, Internal Medicine)
SECTION V DERMATOLOGICAL DISEASES
Craig E. Griffin, DVM, DACVD SECTION XII DISEASES
Wayne S. Rosenkrantz, DVM, DACVD OPHTHALMOLOGICAL
David J. Maggs, BVSc, DACVO
SECTION VI DISEASES
GASTROINTESTINAL
SECTION XIII INFECTIOUS DISEASES
David C. Twedt, DVM, DACVIM (Internal
Medicine) Rance K. Sellon, DVM, PhD, DACVIM

APPENDIX I TABLE OF COMMON DRUGS:

SECTION VII RESPIRATORY DISEASES
APPROXIMATE DOSAGE
Eleanor C. Hawkins, DVM, DACVIM
Mark G. Papich, DVM, MS, DACVCP

6
 Collaborators
Jonathan A. Abbott, DVM Verena K. Affolter, DVM, PhD
Associate Professor of Cardiology Associate Professor for Clinical Dermatopathology
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology
Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary School of Veterinary Medicine
Medicine University of California
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Davis, California
Blacksburg, Virginia Histiocytic disease complex
Subaortic stenosis Non-neoplastic histiocytic nodular diseases
of the skin
Mark J. Acierno, DVM, DACVIM
Assistant Professor P. Jane Armstrong, DVM, MS, MBA,
School of Veterinary Medicine DACVIM (SAIM)
Professor, Internal Medicine/Clinical Nutrition
The Louisiana State University
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Baton Rouge, Louisiana College of Veterinary Medicine
Systemic hypertension in nephropathy University of Minnesota
Larry G. Adams, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (SAIM) St. Paul, Minnesota
Associate Professor, Small Animal Internal Medicine Feline inflammatory liver disease
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Clarke E. Atkins, DVM, DACVIM (Internal
Purdue University Medicine, Cardiology)
West Lafayette, Indiana Professor of Medicine and Cardiology
Laser lithotripsy for uroliths Veterinary Teaching Hospital
College of Veterinary Medicine
Diane D. Addie, PhD, BVMS, MRCVS North Carolina State University
Feline Institute Pyrenees Raleigh, North Carolina
Etchebar, France; Feline dirofilariasis
Honorary Senior Research Fellow
Institute of Comparative Medicine Anne Avery, VMD, PhD
University of Glasgow Veterinary School Assistant Professor
Glasgow, Scotland Director Clinical Immunopathology Service
United Kingdom Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and
Control of viral diseases in cat communities Pathology
Feline infectious peritonitis: treatment and prevention College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Colorado State University
Christopher A. Adin, DVM, DACVS Fort Collins, Colorado
Courtesy Faculty Appointment Canine Lymphoma
Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Sandra M. Axiak, DVM
College of Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Specialists of North Texas and Animal
University of Florida Care Center
Gainesville, Florida; Dallas, Texas
Small Animal Surgeon Lung neoplasia
Veterinary Specialists of Rochester
Rochester, New York Todd W. Axlund, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Neurology)
Kidney transplant Director
Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital
Darcy B. Adin, DVM, DACVIM (Cardiology) Akron, Ohio
Veterinary Specialists of Rochester Treatment of intracranial tumors
Rochester, New York
Tricuspid valve dysplasia Rodney S. Bagley, DVM, DACVIM (Neurology, Internal
Medicine)

vii
viii Collaborators

Professor, Neurology and Neurosurgery Auburn, Alabama

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Evaluation of the results of endocrine diagnostic tests for
Washington State University adrenal and thyroid diseases
Pullman, Washington
Treatment of canine cervical spondylomyelopathy: a critical Adrienne Bentley, DVM
review Resident in Surgery
Treatment of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis School of Veterinary Medicine
Vestibular disease in dogs and cats University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Claudia J. Baldwin, DVM, MS, DACVIM Drainage techniques for septic abdomen
(Internal Medicine)
Associate Professor, Veterinary Clinical Sciences Ellison Bentley, DVM, DACVO
College of Veterinary Medicine Clinical Associate Professor
Iowa State University Comparative Ophthalmology
Ames, Iowa Department of Surgical Sciences
Abortion in the cat School of Veterinary Medicine
University of Wisconsin
Tania A. Banks, BVSc, FACVSc Madison, Wisconsin
Brisbane Veterinary Specialist Center Insidious canine corneal erosions
Albany Creek, Queensland
Australia Allyson C. Berent, DVM, DACVIM
Canine soft tissue sarcomas Staff Veterinarian in Small Animal Internal Medicine and
Interventional Radiology
Jeanne A. Barsanti, DVM, MS, DACVIM (SAIM) Waltham Lecturer: Minimally Invasive Diagnostics/
Josiah Meigs Distinguished Teaching Professor Department Therapeutics
of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery College of Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Teaching Hospital
Veterinary Medicine School of Veterinary Medicine
The University of Georgia University of Pennsylvania
Athens, Georgia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Multidrug-resistant urinary tract infection Interventional radiology in urinary diseases
Joseph W. Bartges, DVM, PhD, DACVIM, DACVN
Philip J. Bergman, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVIM (Oncology)
Professor of Medicine and Nutrition
The Acree Endowed Chair of Small Animal Research Chief Medical Officer
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Bright Heart Veterinary Centers
College of Veterinary Medicine Armonk, New York
The University of Tennessee Malignant melanoma
Knoxville, Tennessee
Adam J. Birkenheuer, DVM, DACVIM (Internal Medicine)
Interpretation and treatment of crystalluria
Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine
Shane W. Bateman, DVM, DVSC, DACVECC Department of Clinical Sciences
Associate Professor, Clinical College of Veterinary Medicine
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences North Carolina State University
College of Veterinary Medicine Raleigh, North Carolina
The Ohio State University Babesiosis
Columbus, Ohio Thrombocytopenia
Fluid therapy
Ventilator treatment Karyn Bischoff, DVM, MS, DABVT
Diagnostic Toxicologist
Karin M. Beale, DVM, DACVD Animal Health Diagnostic Center
Staff Dermatologist Assistant Professor
Gulf Coast Veterinary Dermatology & Allergy College of Veterinary Medicine
Houston, Texas Cornell University
Feline demodicosis Ithaca, New York
Canine aflatoxicosis
Ellen N. Behrend, DVM, DACVIM Vehicle-related toxins
Associate Professor
Department of Clinical Sciences Dana R. Bleifer, DVM
College of Veterinary Medicine Warner Center Pet Clinic
Auburn University
 Collaborators ix

Woodland Hills, California (Cardiology)

Pseudopregnancy in the bitch Assistant Professor
John D. Bonagura, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Cardiology, Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Internal Medicine) College of Veterinary Medicine
Professor Oregon State University
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Corvallis, Oregon
College of Veterinary Medicine Mitral valve dysplasia
The Ohio State University Amanda Burrows, BSc, BVMS, FACVSc (Veterinary
Columbus, Ohio Dermatology)
Treatment of heart failure in dogs Veterinary Hospital
Ventricular septal defects Murdoch University
Dino M. Bradley, DVM, MS Murdoch
Research Associate Western Australia
Scott-Ritchey Research Center Avermectins in dermatology
College of Veterinary Medicine Julie K. Byron, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Auburn University Assistant Professor, Small Animal Medicine
Auburn, Alabama Department of Clinical Medicine
Acral lick dermatitis University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Urbana, Illinois
Edward B. Breitschwerdt, DVM, DACVIM
Urinary incontinence: treatment with expanders
Professor of Medicine and Infectious Diseases
injectable volume
Director, NCSU-CVM Biosafety Laboratory
Adjunct Associate Professor of Medicine Clay A. Calvert, DVM, DACVIM (Internal Medicine)
Duke University Medical Center Professor
Department of Clinical Sciences Department of Small Animal Medicine
College of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine
North Carolina State University University of Georgia
Raleigh, North Carolina Athens, Georgia
Bartonellosis Cardiomyopathy in Doberman Pinschers
Syncope
Janice M. Bright, BSN, MS, DVM, DACVIM (Internal
Medicine, Cardiology) Anthony P. Carr, DrMedVet, DACIM
Professor of Cardiology Associate Professor
Department of Clinical Sciences Western College of Veterinary Medicine
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Saskatchewan
Colorado State University Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Fort Collins, Colorado Canada
Cardioversion Von Willebrand disease and other inherited coagulopathies
Marjory B. Brooks, DVM, DACVIM Elizabeth W. Carsten, DVM, DACVIM
Associate Director, Comparative Coagulation Laboratory Internal Medicine Consultant
Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.
Sciences Oro Valley, Arizona
College of Veterinary Medicine Esophagitis
Cornell University
Ithaca, New York James L. Catalfamo, MS, PhD
Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy Director, Comparative Coagulation Laboratory
Platelet disorders Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic
Sciences
Cathy A. Brown, VMD, PhD, DACVP College of Veterinary Medicine
Professor, Pathology Cornell University
Athens Diagnostic Laboratory Ithaca, New York
College of Veterinary Medicine Platelet disorders
University of Georgia
Daniel L. Chan, DVM, MRCVS, DACVECC, DACVN
Athens, Georgia
Lecturer in Emergency and Critical Care
Glomerulopathy
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Barret J. Bulmer, DVM, MS, DACVIM The Royal Veterinary College
x Collaborators

University of London Leah A. Cohn, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (SAIM)

London, England Associate Professor of Veterinary Internal Medicine
United Kingdom Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery College of
Nutrition in critical care Veterinary Medicine
Annie V. Chen, DVM University of Missouri
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Columbia, Missouri
College of Veterinary Medicine Canine Anaplasmosis
Washington State University
Lynette K. Cole, DVM, MS, DACVD
Pullman, Washington
Treatment of canine cervical spondylomyelopathy: a critical Assistant Professor
review Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine
Dennis J. Chew, DVM, DACVIM (Internal Medicine) The Ohio State University
Professor Columbus, Ohio
College of Veterinary Medicine Systemic therapy of otitis externa and media
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio Patrick Concannon, MS, PhD, DACT (Honorary)
Feline idiopathic hypercalcemia Visiting Fellow, Department of Clinical Sciences
Treatment of hypoparathyroidism Director
Urinary incontinence: treatment with expanders Laboratory for Comparative Reproduction Studies
injectable volume Department of Biomedical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine
Ruthanne Chun, DVM, DACVIM (Oncology) Clinical Cornell University
Associate Professor Ithaca, New York
Member, University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Interruption of estrus in the bitch
Center Gheorge M. Constantinescu, DVM, PhD, Drhc
School of Veterinary Medicine Professor of Veterinary Anatomy
University of Wisconsin College of Veterinary Medicine
Madison, Wisconsin University of Missouri
Anal sac tumors Columbia, Missouri
Brachycephalic upper airway syndrome
Julie Churchill, DVM, PhD in the dog
Assistant Clinical Professor
Veterinary Clinical Sciences Johanna C. Cooper, BSc, DVM, DACVIM
Cape Cod Veterinary Specialists
College of Veterinary Medicine
Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts
University of Minnesota Diagnostic approach to hepatobiliary diseases
St. Paul, Minnesota
Food poisoning in small animals Brendan M. Corcoran, MVB, DipPharm, PhD, MRCVS
Senior Lecturer
Craig A. Clifford, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Oncology) Hospital for Small Animals
Staff Oncologist Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies
Red Bank Veterinary Hospital The University of Edinburgh
Tinton Falls, New Jersey Easterbush Veterinary Centre
Canine hemangiosarcoma Edinburgh, Scotland
United Kingdom
Joan R. Coates, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Neurology) Interstitial lung diseases
Associate Professor
Veterinary Medicine and Surgery Neurology/Neurosurgery Etienne Côté, DVM, DACVIM (Cardiology, SAIM)
Service Leader Assistant Professor
Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital Department of Companion Animals
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery College of Atlantic Veterinary College
Veterinary Medicine University of Prince Edward Island
University of Missouri Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
Columbia, Missouri Canada
Treatment of animals with spinal pain Feline cardiac arrhythmias
and musculoskeletal
 Collaborators xi

Nancy B. Cottrill, DVM, MS, DACVO Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Staff Ophthalmologist College of Veterinary Medicine
Angell Animal Medical Center, Western New England University of Tennessee
Woburn, Massachusetts Knoxville, Tennessee
Differential diagnosis of anisocoria Canine megaesophagus
Dennis T. Crowe, Jr., DVM, NREMT-I, PI, CFF, Curtis W. Dewey, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Neurology),
DACVS, DACVECC DACVS
President Associate Professor, Neurology/Neurosurgery
Veterinary Surgery, Emergency and Critical Care Services Neurology/Neurosurgery Service Chief
and Consulting Cornell University Hospital for Animals
Bogart, Georgia Cornell University
Oxygen therapy Ithaca, New York
New maintenance antiepileptic treatments in dogs and cats
Autumn P. Davidson, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Traumatic brain injury
(Internal Medicine)
Treatment of Chiari malformation
Clinical Professor
School of Veterinary Medicine and canine syringomyelia
University of California Anna R. Deykin, BSc, BVMS, FACVSc (Ophthalmology)
Davis, California Veterinary Ophthalmologist
Canine brucellosis Brisbane Veterinary Specialist Center
Treatment of dystocia Brisbane, Queensland
Thomas K. Day, DVM, MS, DACVECC, DACVA Australia
Owner Canine episcleritis and scleritis
Louisville Veterinary Specialty & Emergency Services Stephen P. DiBartola, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM)
Louisville, Kentucky Professor
Intravenous anesthetic and analgesic techniques Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Douglas J. DeBoer, DVM, DACVD College of Veterinary Medicine
Professor The Ohio State University
Department of Medical Sciences Columbus, Ohio
School of Veterinary Medicine Acid-base disorders
University of Wisconsin Fluid therapy
Madison, Wisconsin Patricia M. Dowling, DVM, MSc, DACVIM, DACVCP
Treatment of dermatophytosis Professor, Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology
Linda J. DeBowes, DVM, MS, DACVIM, DAVDC Western College of Veterinary Medicine
Shoreline Veterinary Dental Clinic University of Saskatchewan
Seattle, Washington Veterinary Biomedical Sciences
Feline caudal stomatitis Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Canada
Louis-Philippe de Lorimier, DVM, DACVIM (Oncology) Rational use of empirical antibiotic therapy
Staff Medical Oncologist
Hôpital Vétérinaire Rive-Sud Kenneth J. Drobatz, DVM, MS, DACVIM, DACVECC
Brossard, Quebec Director of the Emergency Service
Canada Chief of Critical Care Section
Canine hemangiosarcoma Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital
School of Veterinary Medicine
Helio Autran de Morais, DVM, PhD, DACVIM University of Pennsylvania
(SAIM, Cardiology) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Clinical Associate Professor Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema
Department of Medical Sciences Urethral obstruction in cats
University of Wisconsin
Madison, Wisconsin †Robert B. Duncan, DVM, PhD, DACVP
Acid-base disorders Associate Professor, Pathology
Department of Pathobiology and Biomedical Sciences
Robert C. DeNovo, DVM, MS, DACVIM Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary
Professor and Head Medicine
xii Collaborators

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Blacksburg, Virginia
Helicobacter spp. Gastric and chronic vomiting in dogs
Marilyn Dunn, DMV, MVSc, DACVIM (SAIM)
Assistant Professor
Clinical Sciences
University of Montreal
Small Animal Clinic
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
University of Montreal
Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec
Canada
Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy

†Deceased.
 Collaborators xiii

David A. Dzanis, DVM, PhD, DACVN James P. Farese, DVM, DACVS

Owner Associate Professor, Surgical Oncology
Dzanis Consulting & Collaborations Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Santa Clarita, California College of Veterinary Medicine
Nutrition of the bitch during pregnancy and lactation University of Florida
Appendix III: AAFCO Nutritional Profiles for Dogs and Gainesville, Florida
Cats Principles of oncologic surgery
Nicole P. Ehrhart, VMD, DACVS Edward C. Feldman, DVM, DACVIM
Associate Professor Professor
Department of Clinical Sciences Department of Medicine and Epidemiology
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine
Colorado State University University of California
Fort Collins, Colorado Davis, California
Osteosarcoma Canine hypercalcemia and primary hyperparathyroidism
Bruce E. Eilts, DVM, MS, DACT Deborah M. Fine, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Professor of Theriogenology (Cardiology)
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Assistant Professor
School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
Louisiana State University University of Missouri
Baton Rouge, Louisiana Columbia, Missouri
Interruption of pregnancy in the bitch Feline arterial thromboembolism

Denise A. Elliott, BVSc (Hons), PhD, DACVIM, DACVN Bente Flatland, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Internal
Director of Scientific Affairs Medicine)
Royal Canin Resident, Clinical Pathology
St. Charles, Missouri Department of Pathobiology
Feeding via gastrostomy tube College of Veterinary Medicine
in nephropathy University of Tennessee
Knoxville, Tennessee
Jonathan Elliott, MA, Vet MB, PhD, Cert SAC, Supportive treatment for the liver
DECVPT, MRCVS
Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences Daniel J. Fletcher, DVM, PhD, DACVECC
Royal Veterinary College Lecturer, Emergency and Critical Care
University of London Cornell University Hospital for Animals
London, England Cornell University
United Kingdom Ithaca, New York
Chronic kidney disease: staging and treatment Traumatic brain injury

Gary C.W. England, BVetMed, PhD, DVR, DVRep, Richard B. Ford, DVM, MS, DACVIM
DECAR, DACT, ILTM, FRCVS Professor of Medicine
Dean's Foundation College of Veterinary Medicine
School of Veterinary Medicine and Science North Carolina State University
University of Nottingham Raleigh, North Carolina
Nottingham, England Bacterial Pneumonia
United Kingdom Bordetella bronchiseptica: Beyond Kennel Cough
Control of reproduction in the bitch Canine vaccination guidelines
Feline vaccination guidelines
Amara Estrada, DVM, DACVIM (Cardiology)
Assistant Professor Lisa J. Forrest, VMD, DACVR
Small Animal Clinical Sciences Associate Professor
College of Veterinary Medicine Surgical Sciences
University of Florida University of Wisconsin
Gainesville, Florida Madison, Wisconsin
Pulmonary stenosis Nasal tumors
Theresa W. Fossum, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVS
Tom and Joan Read Chair in Veterinary Surgery
Timothy M. Fan, DVM, DACVIM
Assistant Professor, Medical Oncology
Veterinary Clinical Medicine
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Urbana, Illinois
Osteosarcoma
xiv Collaborators

Associate Director Cardiothoracic Surgery and United Kingdom

Biomedical Devices, Michael E. DeBakey Institute Treatment of feline cardiomyopathy
Professor of Surgery
College of Veterinary Medicine Tam Garland, DVM
Texas A&M University Program Manager for Agricultural Security
College Station, Texas Director for the Joint Agro Defense Office
Pleural effusion Science and Technology Directorate
Department of Homeland Security
Susan F. Foster, BVSc, MVetClinStud, FACVSc, (Feline Washington, District of Columbia
Medicine) Canine aflatoxicosis
Adjunct Senior Lecturer in Small Animal Medicine
Murdoch University Laurent S. Garosi, DVM, MRCVS, DECVN, RCVS
Murdoch, Australia European Specialist in Veterinary Neurology
Nasopharyngeal changes Neurology/Neurosurgery Service Head
Davies Veterinary Specialists
Philip R. Fox, DVM, MSc, DACVIM (Cardiology), Manor Farm Business Park
DACVECC Higham Gobion, England
Cardiologist United Kingdom
Bobst Hospital of the Animal Medical Center Treatment of cerebrovascular disease
Director, Caspary Research Institute
The Animal Medical Center Anthony T. Gary, DVM, DACVIM
New York, New York Arkansas Veterinary Internal Medicine
Feline right ventricular cardiomyopathy North Little Rock, Arkansas
Evaluation of serum alkaline phosphatase elevations in the
Boel A. Fransson, DVM, MSc, PhD, DACVS
Assistant Professor, Small Animal Surgery dog
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Anna RM Gelzer, Dr Med Vet, DACVIM (Cardiology),
Washington State University DECVIM (Cardiology)
Pullman, Washington Assistant Professor of Veterinary Cardiology
Treatment of supraspinatus tendon disorders in dogs College of Veterinary Medicine
Lisa M. Freeman, DVM, PhD, DACVN Cornell University
Associate Professor Ithaca, New York
Department of Clinical Sciences Cardiac pacing in intensive care
Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Ventricular arrhythmias in dogs
Tufts University Alexander J. German, BVSc, PhD, DECVIM-CA
North Grafton, Massachusetts (Internal Medicine)
Nutritional treatment in heart disease Senior Lecturer, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Joni L. Freshman, DVM, MS, DACVIM Small Animal Hospital
Owner The University of Liverpool
Canine Consultations Liverpool, England
Colorado Springs, Colorado United Kingdom
Abortion in the bitch Inflammatory bowel disease
Angela E. Frimberger, VMD, DACVIM Rudayna Ghubash, DVM, DACVD
(Oncology) Staff Dermatologist
Director, Veterinary Oncology Consultants Animal Dermatology Clinic
Wauchope, New South Wales Marina del Rey, California
Australia Feline viral skin diseases
Antitumor drugs and protocols: traditional drugs
Urs Giger, PD, Dr Med Vet, MS, FVH, DACVIM,
Virginia Luis Fuentes, MA VetMB, PhD, CertVR, DECVIM, DECVCP
DVC, MRCVS, DACVIM (Cardiology), DECVIM Charlotte Newton Sheppard Professor of Medicine
(Cardiology) Chief of Medical Genetics
Senior Lecturer Department of Clinical Studies
Veterinary Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine
Royal Veterinary College University of Pennsylvania
Hatfield, Hertfordshire
 Collaborators xv

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Veterinary Clinical Sciences

Blood typing and compatibility testing School of Veterinary Medicine
Purdue University
Sophie Gilbert, DVM, PhD, DACVD West Lafayette, Indiana
New York City Veterinary Specialists Canine dilated cardiomyopathy
New York, New York
Treatment of feline pruritus Clare R. Gregory, DVM, DACVS
Professor
Rebecca E. Gompf, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Cardiology) Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences
Associate Professor Director, Comparative Transplantation Laboratory
Small Animal Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine
College of Veterinary Medicine University of California
University of Tennessee Davis, California
Knoxville, Tennessee Immunosuppressive agents
Ventricular septal defects Joel D. Griffies, DVM, DACVD
Jody L. Gookin, DVM, PhD, DACVIM Animal Dermatology Clinic
(Internal Medicine) Tustin, California
Assistant Professor, Molecular Biomedical Sciences Topical immunomodulators
College of Veterinary Medicine Craig E. Griffin, DVM, DACVD
North Carolina State University Animal Dermatology Clinic and Animal Allergy
Raleigh, North Carolina Specialists
Tritrichomonas San Diego, California
Allergen-specific immunotherapy
Sonya G. Gordon, DVM, DVSc, DACVIM (Cardiology) Use of cyclosporine in dermatology
Assistant Professor
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Carol B. Grindem, DVM, DACVP (Clinical
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Pathology)
Texas A&M University Professor
College Station, Texas College of Veterinary Medicine
Canine dirofilariasis North Carolina State University
Patent ductus arteriosus Raleigh, North Carolina
Thrombocytopenia
Gregory F. Grauer, DVM, MS, DACVIM
(Internal Medicine) Amy M. Grooters, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM)
Professor Associate Professor and Chief
Department of Clinical Sciences Companion Animal Medicine
Kansas State University Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Louisiana State University;
Manhattan, Kansas
Chief of Staff
Proteinuria: Considerations for Treatment
Small Animal Clinic
Deborah S. Greco, DVM, PhD, DACVIM Veterinary Teaching Hospital
Nestle Purina Petcare Baton Rouge, Louisiana
St. Louis, Missouri Pythiosis and lagenidiosis
Complications of diabetes mellitus Sharon M. Gwaltney-Brant, DVM, PhD,
Eric M. Green, DVM, DACVR (Radiology, DABVT, DABT
Radiation Oncology)
ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center
Urbana, Illinois
Associate Professor
Lead toxicosis in small animals
Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Recent animal toxicants
College of Veterinary Medicine
The Ohio State University Susan G. Hackner, BVSc, MRCVS, DACVIM, DACVECC
Columbus, Ohio Department Chair
Radiotherapy: basic principles and indications Critical Care and Emergency Services
The Animal Medical Center
Henry W. Green, III, DVM, DACVIM (Cardiology) New York, New York
Assistant Professor, Cardiology Pulmonary thromboembolism
xvi Collaborators

Kevin A. Hahn, DVM, PhD, DACVIM Eleanor C. Hawkins, DVM, DACVIM

(Oncology) Professor, Internal Medicine
Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists Department of Clinical Sciences
Houston, Texas College of Veterinary Medicine
Lung neoplasia North Carolina State University
Raleigh, North Carolina
Kelly Hall, DVM Pleural effusion
Assistant Clinical Professor
Veterinary Clinical Sciences Mattie J. Hendrick, VMD, DACVP
University of Minnesota Staff Pathologist and Adjunct Full Professor
St. Paul, Minnesota of Pathology
Treatments for toxicosis School of Veterinary Medicine
Exposure to toxins and treatments: a survey University of Pennsylvania
to practicing veterinarians Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Feline sarcomas associated with vaccination
Holly L. Hamilton, DVM, MS, DACVO
Ophthalmologist Diane VH Hendrix, DVM, DACVO
Animal Eye Center Associate Professor, Ophthalmology
Loveland, Colorado Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Differential diagnosis of blindness College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tennessee
William R. Hare, DVM, MS, PhD, DABVT, Knoxville, Tennessee
DABT Differential diagnosis of red eye
Veterinary Medical Officer
United States Department of Agriculture Rosemary A. Henik, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Agricultural Research Service (Internal Medicine)
Animal and Natural Resources Institute Clinical Associate Professor
Beltsville Agricultural Research Center Department of Medical Sciences
Beltsville, Maryland School of Veterinary Medicine
Urban legends in toxicology: myths and facts University of Wisconsin
Madison, Wisconsin
Kenneth R. Harkin, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM) Pulmonary hypertension
Associate Professor Systemic hypertension
Veterinary Clinical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine Carolyn J. Henry, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Kansas State University (Oncology)
Manhattan, Kansas Associate Professor of Oncology
Leptospirosis Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
College of Veterinary Medicine
Neil K. Harpster, VMD, DACVIM (Cardiology) Department of Internal Medicine
Department of Cardiology Division of Hematology/Oncology
Angell Memorial Animal Hospital School of Medicine
Boston, Massachusetts University of Missouri
Feline cardiac arrhythmias Columbia, Missouri
Breast cancer
Katrin Hartmann, Dr Med Vet, Dr Habil, DECVIM-CA
Professor of Internal Medicine Michael E. Herrtage, MA, BVSc, DVSc, DVR,
Head of Small Animal Internal Medicine Clinic DVD, DSAM, MRCVS, DECVIM, DECVDI
University of Munich Reader in Small Animal Medicine
Munich, Germany Department of Veterinary Medicine
Feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus University of Cambridge
Cambridge, England
Elizabeth A. Hausner, DVM, DABT, DABVT United Kingdom
Division of Cardio-Renal Drug Products Medical treatment of tracheal collapse
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
US Food and Drug Administration TO. Elizabeth Hershey, DVM, DACVIM (Oncology)
Beltsville, Maryland Integrative Veterinary Oncology
Poisoning by plants Phoenix, Arizona
Feline sarcomas associated with vaccination
 Collaborators xvii

Daniel G. Hicks, DVM Heidi A. Hottinger, DVM, DACVS

Resident, Neurology and Neurosurgery Department of Surgery
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists
Washington State University Gulf Coast Veterinary Surgery
Pullman, Washington Houston, Texas
Treatment of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis Canine biliary mucocele
Mark E. Hitt, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Internal Medicine) Lynn R. Hovda, RPh, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Chief of Medicine Director, Veterinary Services
Atlantic Veterinary Internal Medicine, LLC Safety Call International
Annapolis, Maryland Bloomington, Minnesota
Drug-induced liver disease Exposure to toxins in small animals
Gaby Hoffmann, DVM, Dr Med Vet, DACVIM Lisa M. Howe, DVM, PhD, DACVS
Junior Lecturer, Clinical Genetics Associate Professor
Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine
Utrecht University Texas A&M University
Utrecht, The Netherlands College Station, Texas
Copper-associated chronic hepatitis Early sterilization in dogs and cats
Daniel F. Hogan, DVM, DACVIM (Cardiology) Geraldine B. Hunt, BVSc, MvetClinStud,
Associate Professor PhD, FACVSc
Chief of Comparative Cardiovascular Medicine Associate Professor
Purdue University University Veterinary Centre
West Lafayette, Indiana
University of Sydney
Canine dilated cardiomyopathy
Sydney, New South Wales
Kathleen M. Holan, DVM, DACVIM Australia
(Internal Medicine) Nasopharyngeal changes
Assistant Professor
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Takuo Ishida, DVM
College of Veterinary Medicine Medical Director
Michigan State University Akasaka Animal Hospital
East Lansing, Michigan Tokyo, Japan
Feline hepatic lipidosis Feline infectious peritonitis: treatment and prevention

Steven R. Hollingsworth, DVM, DACVO Toshiro Iwasaki, DVM, PhD, DACVIM

Assistant Professor of Clinical Ophthalmology Professor
Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine
School of Veterinary Medicine Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology
University of California Tokyo, Japan
Davis, California Interferons
Diseases of the eyelids and periocular skin
Ocular immunotherapy Hilary A. Jackson, DVD, DACVD
Dermatology Referral Services
Bradford J. Holmberg, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVO Glasgow, Scotland
Staff Ophthalmologist United Kingdom
Veterinary Referral Centre Hypoallergenic diets: therapeutic principles
Little Falls, New Jersey
Ocular neoplasms Beth M. Johnson, DVM
Resident, Internal Medicine
David E. Holt, BVSc, DACVS Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Professor of Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine
School of Veterinary Medicine University of Tennessee
University of Pennsylvania Knoxville, Tennessee
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Canine megaesophagus
Drainage techniques for septic abdomen
xviii Collaborators

Lynelle R. Johnson, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (SAIM) Chand Khanna, DVM, PhD
Assistant Professor Director, Comparative Oncology Program
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology Center for Cancer Research
School of Veterinary Medicine National Cancer Institute
University of California National Institutes of Health
Davis, California Bethesda, Maryland
Chronic canine bronchitis Clinical trials in veterinary oncology
Feline rhinitis
Peter P. Kintzer, DVM, DACVIM
Boyd R. Jones, BVSc, FACVSc, DECVIM, MRCVS Staff Internist
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Medicine
University College Dublin Boston Road Animal Hospital
Belfield, Dublin Springfield, Massachusetts
Ireland Hypoadrenocorticism
Hypokalemic myopathy in cats
Rebecca Kirby, DVM, DACVIM (Internal
Bruce W. Keene, DVM, MSc, DACVIM Medicine), DACVECC
(Cardiology) Animal Emergency Center
Professor Glendale, Wisconsin
Department of Clinical Sciences Fluid therapy with colloids
College of Veterinary Medicine Disseminated intravascular coagulation: diagnosis
North Carolina State University and treatment
Raleigh, North Carolina Claudia A. Kirk, DVM, PhD, DACVN, DACVIM
Treatment of heart failure in dogs Associate Professor of Medicine and Nutrition
Robert J. Kemppainen, DVM Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Professor College of Veterinary Medicine
Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology The University of Tennessee
College of Veterinary Medicine Knoxville, Tennessee
Auburn University Interpretation and treatment of crystalluria
Auburn, Alabama Obesity
Evaluation of the results of endocrine diagnostic tests for Deborah W. Knapp, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Oncology)
adrenal and thyroid diseases Dolores L. McCall Professor of Veterinary Medicine
Michael S. Kent, MAS, DVM (Comparative Oncology)
Assistant Professor Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Surgical and Radiological Sciences Purdue University
College of Veterinary Medicine West Lafayette, Indiana
University of California Urinary bladder cancer
Davis, California Stephanie J. Kottler, DVM
Ocular neoplasms Resident, Small Animal Internal Medicine
Marie E. Kerl, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM), Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
DACVECC College of Veterinary Medicine
Clinical Associate Professor University of Missouri
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery Columbia, Missouri
University of Missouri Canine Anaplasmosis
Small Animal Medicine Section Head Marc S. Kraus, DVM, DACVIM (Cardiology,
Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital Internal Medicine)
Columbia, Missouri Faculty
Treatment of anemia in renal failure Department of Clinical Sciences
Safdar A. Khan, DVM, MS, PhD, DABVT College of Veterinary Medicine
Director of Toxicology Research Cornell University
ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center Ithaca, New York
Urbana, Illinois Cardiac pacing in intensive care
Recent animal toxicants Syncope
Ventricular arrhythmias in dogs
 Collaborators xix

John M. Kruger, DVM, PhD, DACVIM Canine influenza

Associate Professor
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences India F. Lane, DVM, MS, DACVIM
College of Veterinary Medicine Associate Professor and Director of Educational
Michigan State University Enhancement
East Lansing, Michigan Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Treatment of feline non-obstructive idiopathic cystitis College of Veterinary Medicine
The University of Tennessee
Ned F. Kuehn, DVM, MS, DACVIM (SAIM) Knoxville, Tennessee
Chief of Internal Medicine
Urinary incontinence and urination disorders:
Michigan Veterinary Specialists
drug treatment
Southfield, Michigan
Canine rhinitis Catherine E. Langston, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM)
Michelle Anne Kutzler, DVM, PhD, DACT Section Head, Nephrology, Endocrinology, Urology, and
Assistant Professor Hemodialysis
Department of Clinical Sciences Animal Medical Center
College of Veterinary Medicine New York, New York
Oregon State University Hemodialysis
Corvallis, Oregon Treatment of anemia in renal failure
Postpartum disorders in dogs Michael R. Lappin, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (Internal
Medicine)
Andrew E. Kyles, BVMS, PhD, DACVS
Assistant Department Head for Research
Professor, Small Animal Surgery
The Kenneth Smith Professor in Small Animal Clinical
Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, Veterinary Medicine
School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences
University of California College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Davis, California Colorado State University
Treatment of feline ureteroliths Fort Collins, Colorado
Toxoplasmosis
Mary Anna Labato, DVM, DACVIM
Clinical Associate Professor Alfred M. Legendre, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Section Head, Small Animal Medicine Assistant Department Chair
Department of Clinical Sciences Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Foster Hospital for Small Animals College of Veterinary Medicine
Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine The University of Tennessee
Tufts University Knoxville, Tennessee
North Grafton, Massachusetts Systemic fungal infections
Uncomplicated urinary tract infection
Michael S. Leib, DVM, MS, DACVIM (SAIM)
Susan E. Lana, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Oncology) CR Roberts Professor of Small Animal Medicine
Associate Professor Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Oncology Section Head College of Veterinary Medicine
Animal Cancer Center Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Blacksburg, Virginia
Department of Clinical Sciences
Helicobacter spp. Gastric and chronic vomiting in dogs
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, Colorado Christine C. Lim, DVM
Canine Lymphoma Resident, Comparative Ophthalmology
Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital
Gabriele A. Landolt, Dr Med Vet, MS, PhD University of California
Assistant Professor Davis, California
Department of Clinical Sciences Qualitative alterations of the canine and feline tear film
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical
Sciences Julius M. Liptak, BVSc, MvetClinStud, FACVSc, DECVS,
Colorado State University DACVS
Fort Collins, Colorado Assistant Professor in Small Animal Surgery
Department of Clinical Studies
xx Collaborators

Ontario Veterinary College Knoxville, Tennessee

University of Guelph Obesity
Guelph, Ontario
Canada John M. MacDonald, DVM, DACVD
Canine soft tissue sarcomas Associate Professor
Department of Small Animal Surgery and Medicine
Remo Lobetti, BVSc (Hons), MMedVet (Med), PhD, College of Veterinary Medicine
DECVIM (Internal Medicine) Auburn University
Bryanston Veterinary Hospital Auburn, Alabama
Bryanston, South Africa
Acral lick dermatitis
Pneumocystosis
Allergen-specific immunotherapy
Dawn Logas, DVM, DACVD
Kristin A. MacDonald, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (Cardiology)
Staff Dermatologist
Veterinary Dermatology Center Staff Veterinary Cardiologist
Maitland, Florida Medicine and Epidemiology
Ear washing techniques University of California
Davis, California
Cheryl A. London, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (Oncology) Infective endocarditis
Associate Professor
College of Veterinary Medicine Catriona M. MacPhail, DVM, PhD, DACVS
The Ohio State University Assistant Professor, Small Animal Surgery
Columbus, Ohio Department of Clinical Sciences
Mastocytoma College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Colorado State University
Andrea L. Looney, DVM, DACVA Fort Collins, Colorado
Senior Lecturer, Department of Clinical Sciences Laryngeal diseases
Section of Anesthesiology and Pain Management
Cornell University David J. Maggs, BVSc, DACVO
Ithaca, New York Associate Professor
Acute pain control Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences
School of Veterinary Medicine
Jody P. Lulich, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (SAIM) University of California
Professor, Small Animal Medicine Davis, California
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Antiviral treatment of feline herpesvirus
University of Minnesota Corneal coloration as a diagnostic sign
St. Paul, Minnesota Key points of ophthalmologic examination
Laser lithotripsy for uroliths
Giovanni Majolino, DVM
Incomplete urolith removal: prevention, detection and
Majolino and Ranieri Veterinary Clinic
correction
Collecchio, Italy
Katharine F. Lunn, BVMS, MS, PhD, MRCVS, DACVIM Aspermia/oligozoospermia caused by retrograde
(Internal Medicine), MRCVS ejaculation in the dog
Assistant Professor Annie Malouin, DVM, DACVECC
Department of Clinical Sciences Metropolitan Veterinary Associates
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Norristown, Pennsylvania
Colorado State University Shock
Fort Collins, Colorado
Canine influenza F. Anthony Mann, DVM, MS, DACVS, DACVECC
Management of the patient with polyuria and polydipsia Professor
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
Angela L. Lusby, DVM College of Veterinary Medicine
Resident in Clinical Nutrition and Graduate Research Director of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care
Assistant Services
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Small Animal Soft Tissue Surgery Service Chief
College of Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital
The University of Tennessee University of Missouri
 Collaborators xxi

Columbia, Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine

Acute abdomen: emergency evaluation and treatment The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio
Denis J. Marcellin-Little, DEDV, DACVS, DECVS Urinary incontinence: treatment with expanders
Associate Professor, Orthopedic Surgery injectable volume
College of Veterinary Medicine
North Carolina State University Erick A. Mears, DVM, DACVIM
Raleigh, North Carolina Medical Director
Medical treatment of hip joint disease Florida Veterinary Specialists and Cancer Treatment Center
Tampa, Florida
Rosanna Marsella, DVM, DACVD Canine megaesophagus
Associate Professor in Veterinary Dermatology
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Colleen Mendelsohn, DVM, DACVD
College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Dermatology Clinic
University of Florida Tustin, California
Gainesville, Florida Topical therapy for otitis externa
Pentoxifylline
Kathryn M. Meurs, DVM, PhD, DACVIM
Julie Martin, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Cardiology) (Cardiology)
Cardiologist Professor
Veterinary Heart and Lung Specialists Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Englewood, Colorado Washington State University
Cardioversion Pullman, Washington
Cardiomyopathy in boxers
Jocelyn A. Mason, DVM Cardiomyopathy in Doberman Pinschers
Consulting Veterinarian in Clinical Toxicology
ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center Vicki N. Meyers-Wallen, VMD, PhD, DACT
Quebec, Canada Associate Professor
Recent animal toxicants Baker Institute for Animal Health
College of Veterinary Medicine
Karol A. Mathews, DVM, DVSc, DACVECC Cornell University
Professor Ithaca, New York
Department of Clinical Studies Hereditary reproductive disorders in dogs
Ontario Veterinary College and cats
University of Guelph
Guelph, Ontario Ellen Miller, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Canada Peak Veterinary Internists PC
Gastric dilatation-volvulus Longmont, Colorado
Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia
Robert J. McCarthy, DVM, MS, DACVS
Staff Veterinarian Matthew W. Miller, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Department of Clinical Sciences (Cardiology)
Foster Hospital for Small Animals Professor
Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Tufts University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
North Grafton, Massachusetts Texas A&M University
Emergency treatment of open fractures College Station, Texas
Canine dirofilariasis
Susan A. McLaughlin, DVM, MS, DACVO Patent ductus arteriosus
Clinical Associate Professor
Veterinary Administration Paul E. Miller, DVM, DACVO
School of Veterinary Medicine Clinical Professor of Comparative Ophthalmology
Purdue University Department of Surgical Sciences
West Lafayette, Indiana School of Veterinary Medicine
Differential diagnosis of blindness University of Wisconsin
Madison, Wisconsin
Mary A. McLoughlin, DVM, MS, DACVS Feline Glaucoma
Associate Professor, Small Animal Surgery
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
xxii Collaborators

Darryl L. Millis, DVM, MS, DACVS University of California

Professor of Orthopedic Surgery Davis, California
Small Animal Clinical Sciences Histiocytic disease complex
College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tennessee Adam Mordecai, DVM, DACVIM
Knoxville, Tennessee Veterinary Medical Referral Service
Physiotherapy and rehabilitation of neurological patients Veterinary Specialty Center
Buffalo Grove, Illinois
N. Sydney Moïse, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Cardiology, Rational use of glucocorticoids in infectious diseases
Internal Medicine)
Karen A. Moriello, DVM, DACVD
Professor
Department of Clinical Sciences Professor
Chief of Cardiology Section Clinical Professor of Dermatology
College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Medical Sciences
Cornell University School of Veterinary Medicine
Ithaca, New York University of Wisconsin
Ventricular arrhythmias in dogs Madison, Wisconsin
Treatment of dermatophytosis
Cliff Monahan, DVM, PhD
Daniel O. Morris, DVM, DACVD
Parasitologist Associate Professor of Dermatology
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine
College of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania
The Ohio State University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Columbus, Ohio Feline demodicosis
Appendix II: Antiparasitics Treatment of Malassezia infections
Eric Monnet, DVM, PhD, DACVS, DECVS and hypersensitivity to Malassezia
Associate Professor, Small Animal Surgery Michael J. Murphy, DVM, PhD, DACT
Department of Clinical Sciences Professor in Veterinary Population Medicine
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Veterinary Diagnostic Labs
Colorado State University University of Minnesota
Fort Collins, Colorado St. Paul, Minnesota
Laryngeal diseases Food poisoning in small animals
William E. Monroe, DVM, MS, DACVIM (SAIM) Kidney toxins
Professor, Small Animal Internal Medicine Rodenticide toxicosis
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Poisoning in small animals: additional considerations
Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary related to legal claims
Medicine Sources of help in toxicosis
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Blacksburg, Virginia Rusty Muse, DVM, DACVD
Canine diabetes mellitus Animal Dermatology Clinic
Tustin, California
Antony S. Moore, BVSc, MVSc, DACVIM Anal sac diseases
(Oncology)
Veterinary Oncology Consultants Masahiko Nagata, DVM, PhD, DAICVD (Asian
Wauchope, New South Wales College of Veterinary Dermatology)
Australia Animal Dermatology Center
Antitumor drugs and protocols: traditional drugs Tokyo, Japan
Canine papillomavirus
Lisa E. Moore, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM)
Staff Internist Larry A. Nagode, DVM, PhD
Affiliated Veterinary Specialists Department of Veterinary Biosciences
Maitland, Florida Goss Laboratory
Protein-losing enteropathy The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio
Peter F. Moore, BVSc, PhD Treatment of hypoparathyroidism
Professor
Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology Jill Narak, DVM
College of Veterinary Medicine Neurology/Neurosurgery Resident
 Collaborators xxiii

Department of Clinical Sciences Physiology

College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology
Auburn University Comparative Toxicology Laboratories
Auburn, Alabama Kansas State University
Treatment of intracranial tumors Manhattan, Kansas
Urban legends in toxicology: myths and facts
Jennifer A. Neel, DVM, DACVP (Clinical
Pathology) Carl A. Osborne, DVM, PhD, DACVIM
Assistant Professor Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department
College of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine
North Carolina State University University of Minnesota
Raleigh, North Carolina St. Paul, Minnesota
Thrombocytopenia Calcitriol
Evidence-based treatment of chronic kidney disease
Reto Neiger, Dr Med Vet, PhD, DACVIM, Incomplete removal of uroliths: prevention, detection
DECVIM (CA) and correction
Professor in Small Animal Medicine Treatment of feline non-obstructive idiopathic cystitis
Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät,
Klinik für Kleintiere (Innere Medizin & Chirurgie) Elizabeth O'Toole, BSc, DVM, DVSc, DACVECC
Giessen, Germany Advanced Care Unit
Canine hyperadrenocorticism Mississauga/Oakville Veterinary Emergency Hospital and
Gastric ulcer Referral Group
Oakville, Ontario
O. Lynne Nelson, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Internal Medicine, Canada
Cardiology) Ventilator treatment
Associate Professor
Veterinary Clinical Sciences Catherine A. Outerbridge, DVM, MVSC, DACVIM
College of Veterinary Medicine Dermatology Service
Washington State University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital
Pullman, Washington University of California
Pericardial effusion Davis, California
Diseases of the eyelids and periocular skin
Richard W. Nelson, DVM, DACVIM Non-neoplastic histiocytic nodular skin diseases
Professor, Internal Medicine
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology Mark A. Oyama, DVM, DACVIM
School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Studies
University of California School of Veterinary Medicine
Davis, California University of Pennsylvania
Canine hypercalcemia and primary hyperparathyroidism Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Permanent pacemaker in dogs
Belle M. Nibblett, DVM
Resident, Small Animal Medicine Philip Padrid, RN, DVM, DACVIM
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Adjunct Associate Professor
Western College of Veterinary Medicine Small Animal Medicine
University of Saskatchewan College of Veterinary Medicine
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan The Ohio State University
Canada Columbus, Ohio;
Von Willebrand disease and other inherited coagulopathies Committee on Molecular Medicine
Pritzker School of Medicine
Roberto E. Novo, DVM, DACVS The University of Chicago
University of Minnesota Chicago, Illinois
College of Veterinary Medicine Chronic bronchitis and feline asthma
St. Paul, Minnesota
Surgical reconstruction of vaginal abnormalities David L. Panciera, DVM, MS, DACVIM (SAIM)
in the bitch Professor
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Frederick W. Oehme, DVM, MS, PhD, DABVT, DABT, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary
DATS Medicine
Professor of Toxicology, Pathobiology, Medicine, and
xxiv Collaborators

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Animal Emergency and Referral Center
Blacksburg, Virginia Northbrook, Illinois
Von Willebrand disease and other coagulopathies Adjunct Professor
hereditary Department of Clinical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine
Melissa Paoloni, DVM, DACVIM (Oncology) University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Comparative Oncology Program Urbana, Illinois
National Cancer Institute Treatment of status epilepticus
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland David J. Polzin, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (Internal
Clinical trials in veterinary oncology Medicine)
Professor
Mark G. Papich, DVM, MS, DACVCP Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Professor of Clinical Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine
College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota
North Carolina State University St. Paul, Minnesota
Raleigh, North Carolina Calcitriol
Appendix I: Table of common drugs: approximate dosage Evidence-based treatment of chronic kidney disease
Nolie K. Parnell, DVM, DACVIM Eric R. Pope, DVM, MS, DACVS
Clinical Assistant Professor Professor, Small Animal Surgery
Small Animal Internal Medicine Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine
Veterinary Clinical Sciences Basseterre, St. Kitts
Purdue University West Indies
West Lafayette, Indiana Brachycephalic upper airway syndrome in dogs
Chronic colitis
Robert H. Poppenga, DVM, PhD, DABT
Edward E. (Ned) Patterson, DVM, PhD, DACVIM CAHFS Toxicology Laboratory
Assistant Professor, Medicine, Genetics, and Epilepsy School of Veterinary Medicine
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences University of California
College of Veterinary Medicine Davis, California
University of Minnesota Poisoning by plants
St. Paul, Minnesota
Methods and tests available for inherited disorders Lynn O. Post, DVM, PhD, DABVT
in dogs Director, Division of Surveillance
Office of Surveillance and Compliance
Mark E. Peterson, DVM, DACVIM Rockville, Maryland
Head of Endocrinology Notification of adverse drug reactions
Department of Medicine, Bobst Hospital to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Associate Director, Caspary Research Institute
Chairman, Institute of Postgraduate Education Cynthia C. Powell, DVM, MS, DACVO
The Animal Medical Center Associate Professor, Veterinary Ophthalmology
New York, New York Department of Clinical Sciences
Hypoadrenocorticism College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Treatment of feline hyperthyroidism with radioactive iodine Colorado State University
Fort Collins, Colorado
Simon R. Platt, BVM&S, MRCVS, DECVN, DACVIM Canine and feline anterior uveitis
(Neurology)
RCVS and European Specialist in Veterinary Neurology Barrak M. Pressler, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM)
Neurology/Neurosurgery Service Head Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine
Animal Health Trust Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Center for Small Animal Studies Purdue University
Suffolk, England West Lafayette, Indiana
United Kingdom Cancer and kidney
Treatment of cerebrovascular disease
Jennifer E. Prittie, DVM, DACVIM (Internal Medicine),
Michael Podell, MSc, DVM, DACVIM (Neurology) DACVECC
Neurology and Neurosurgery Service Criticalist
Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care The
 Collaborators xxv

Animal Medical Center College of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences

New York, New York Texas A&M University
Adrenal insufficiency in severe disease College Station, Texas
Obtaining samples for cytology
Beverly J. Purswell, DVM, PhD, DACT
Professor of Theriogenology Stefano Romagnoli, DVM, MS, PhD, DECAR (European
Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary College of Animal Reproduction)
Medicine Professor, Clinical Veterinary Reproduction
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University University of Padova
Blacksburg, Virginia Legnaro, Italy
Use of cytology and vaginal cultures in the control and Aspermia/oligozoospermia caused by ejaculation
diagnosis of reproductive system diseases retrograde in dogs
R. Lee Pyle, VMD, MS, DACVIM (Cardiology) Margaret V. Root Kustritz, DVM, PhD, DACT
Professor Emeritus Assistant Clinical Specialist, Small Animal Reproduction
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine
Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University St. Paul, Minnesota
Blacksburg, Virginia Intermittent erection in neutered dogs
Subaortic stenosis Feline remnant ovary syndrome
Toxicology of estrogen-containing drugs and
Ian Ramsey, BVSc, PhD, DSAM Dip, ECVIM-CA, MRCVS Human and veterinary progestogens in dogs
Senior Lecturer in Small Animal Medicine Vaginitis
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
University of Glasgow Wayne S. Rosenkrantz, DVM, DACVD
Glasgow, Scotland Partner
United Kingdom Animal Dermatology Clinics
Canine hyperadrenocorticism Tustin, Marina del Rey, and San Diego, California
House dust mites and their control
Jacquie S. Rand, BVSc(Hons), DVSc, DACVIM (SAIM) Pyotraumatic dermatitis (moist dermatitis)
Professor of Companion Animal Health Shampoo therapy
Director, Center for Companion Animal Health
School of Veterinary Science Linda Ross, DVM, MS, DACVIM (SAIM)
Faculty of Natural Resources, Agriculture, and Veterinary Associate Professor
Science Department of Clinical Sciences
The University of Queensland Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine
Brisbane, Queensland Tufts University
Australia North Grafton, Massachusetts
Feline diabetes mellitus Acute renal failure
Claudia E. Reusch, DVM, DECVIM-CA Sheri Ross, BSc, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (Internal
Professor Medicine)
Clinic of Small Animal Internal Medicine Hemodialysis/Nephrology Service
Vetsuisse Faculty University of California Medical Center
University of Zurich San Diego, California
Zurich, Switzerland Calcitriol
Diabetes control Evidence-based treatment of chronic kidney disease
Keith P. Richter, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM) Edmund J. Rosser, Jr., DVM, DACVD
Hospital Director and Internal Medicine Staff Professor and Head of Dermatology
Department of Internal Medicine Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Veterinary Specialty Hospital of San Diego College of Veterinary Medicine
San Diego, California Michigan State University
Feline gastrointestinal lymphoma East Lansing, Michigan
Sebaceous adenitis
Kenita S. Rogers, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Internal
Medicine, Oncology) Jan Rothuizen, DVM, PhD, DECVIM-CA
Professor and Associate Department Head Professor of Internal Medicine
Small Animal Clinical Sciences Chair, Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion
xxvi Collaborators

Animals College of Veterinary Medicine

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia
University of Utrecht Athens, Georgia
Utrecht, The Netherlands Glomerular filtration rate measurement: practical use of
Copper-associated chronic hepatitis clearance tests
Philip Roudebush, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM) H. Mark Saunders, VMD, MS, DACVR
Director, Scientific Affairs Partner
Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. Lynks Group PLC—Veterinary Imaging
Topeka, Kansas Shelburne, Vermont
Flatulence Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema
Elke Rudloff, DVM, DACVECC Patricia A. Schenck, DVM, PhD
Director of Education Endocrine Diagnostic Section Chief
Animal Emergency Center Assistant Professor
Glendale, Wisconsin Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation
Fluid therapy with colloids Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health
Disseminated intravascular coagulation: diagnosis Michigan State University
and treatment Lansing, Michigan
Feline idiopathic hypercalcemia
Wilson K. Rumbeiha, DVM, PhD, DABVT, Treatment of hypoparathyroidism
DABT
Associate Professor, Pathobiology and Diagnostic Karsten E. Schober, DVM, PhD, DECVIM (Cardiology)
Investigation Assistant Professor
Section Chief, Toxicology Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health College of Veterinary Medicine
College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University
Michigan State University Columbus, Ohio
Lansing, Michigan Myocarditis
Kidney toxins
Parasiticide toxicosis: avermectins Gretchen L. Schoeffler, DVM, DACVECC
Chief, Section of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care
Clare Rusbridge, BVMS, PhD, MRCVS, DECVN Cornell University Hospital for Animals
Stone Lion Veterinary Centre Cornell University
Wimbledon Village Ithaca, New York
London, England Cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation
United Kingdom
Treatment of Chiari malformation J. Catharine R. Scott-Moncrieff, MA, Vet MB, MS,
and canine syringomyelia MRCVS, DACVIM (SAIM), DECVIM (Companion
Animal)
John E. Rush, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Cardiology), Professor
DACVECC Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Professor and Associate Department Chair School of Veterinary Medicine
Department of Clinical Sciences Purdue University
Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine West Lafayette, Indiana
Tufts University Atypical and subclinical hyperadrenocorticism
North Grafton, Massachusetts Hypothyroidism
Chronic valvular disease in dogs
Marco Russo, DVM, PhD Howard B. Seim, III, DVM, DACVS
Lecturer Professor
Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences
Veterinary School of Naples “Federico II” College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
University of Naples Colorado State University
Naples, Italy Fort Collins, Colorado
Control of reproduction in the bitch Esophageal feeding tubes
Sherry Lynn Sanderson, DVM, PhD, DACVIM, DACVN Rance K. Sellon, DVM, PhD, DACVIM
Associate Professor Associate Professor
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Department of Small Animal Medicine
 Collaborators xxvii

College of Veterinary Medicine Bangkok, Thailand

Washington State University Medical treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy
Pullman, Washington and prostatitis in dogs
Rational use of glucocorticoids in infectious diseases
Systemic fungal infections Mr. David Sisson, DVM, DACVIM (Cardiology)
Department of Clinical Sciences
Scott P. Shaw, DVM, DACVECC College of Veterinary Medicine
Assistant Professor Oregon State University
Section of Emergency and Critical Care Corvallis, Oregon
Department of Clinical Sciences Permanent pacemaker in dogs
Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine
Tufts University Daniel D. Smeak, DVM, DACVS
North Grafton, Massachusetts Professor
Hospital-acquired bacterial infections (infections) Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
nosocomial) College of Veterinary Medicine
Thoracic trauma The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio
G. Diane Shelton, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (Internal Pneumothorax
Medicine)
Professor, Department of Pathology Annette N. Smith, DVM, MS, DACVIM
Director, Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory (Oncology, SAIM)
School of Medicine Associate Professor
University of California Department of Clinical Sciences
San Diego and La Jolla, California College of Veterinary Medicine
Oropharyngeal dysphagia Auburn University
Treatment of autoimmune myasthenia gravis Auburn, Alabama
Treatment of myopathies and neuropathies Treatment of intracranial tumors

Robert G. Sherding, DVM, DACVIM Frances O. Smith, DVM, PhD, DACT

(Internal Medicine) President, Orthopedic Foundation for Animals
Professor of Internal Medicine Smith Veterinary Hospital
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Burnsville, Minnesota
College of Veterinary Medicine Pyometra
The Ohio State University
Patricia J. Smith, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVO
Columbus, Ohio
Animal Eye Care
Respiratory parasitosis
Fremont, California
Deborah Silverstein, DVM, DACVECC Retinal detachment
Assistant Professor, Critical Care
Candace A. Sousa, DVM, DABVP (Canine and
Department of Clinical Studies
Feline Practice, DACVD
School of Veterinary Medicine
University of Pennsylvania Senior Veterinary Specialist, Veterinary Specialty Team
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Pfizer Animal Health
Shock El Dorado Hills, California
Glucocorticoids in veterinary dermatology
Kenneth W. Simpson, BVM&S, PhD, DACVIM, DECVIM-
Alan W. Spier, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (Cardiology)
CA
Associate Professor of Medicine Florida Veterinary Specialists
College of Veterinary Medicine Tampa, Florida
Cornell University Cardiomyopathy in boxers
Ithaca, New York Wayne Spoo, DVM, DABVT, DABT
Canine ulcerative colitis Master Toxicologist
Kaitkanoke Sirinarumitr, DVM, MS, PhD Scientific and Regulatory Affairs
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co.
Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Animal Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Reproduction Nicotine toxicosis
Veterinary Teaching Hospital Jörg M. Steiner, Dr Med Vet, PhD, DACVIM, DECIVM-
Kasetsart University
xxviii Collaborators

CA United Kingdom
Associate Professor and Director of the GI Lab Canine and feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis
Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Texas A&M University Marion B. Tefend, RVT
College Station, Texas Clinical Instructor
Canine pancreatic diseases ICU Nursing Supervisor
Department of Clinical Sciences
Rebecca L. Stepien, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Cardiology) College of Veterinary Medicine
Clinical Associate Professor, Cardiology Auburn University
Department of Medical Sciences Auburn, Alabama
Cardiology Service Head Vascular access techniques
Veterinary Teaching Hospital
School of Veterinary Medicine Douglas H. Thamm, VMD, DACVIM
University of Wisconsin (Oncology)
Madison, Wisconsin Assistant Professor, Oncology
Systemic hypertension Department of Clinical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical
Jennifer E. Stokes, DVM, DACVIM (Internal Sciences
Medicine) Colorado State University
Clinical Assistant Professor Fort Collins, Colorado
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Antitumor drugs: new drugs
University of Tennessee
Knoxville, Tennessee Andrea Tipold, Dr Med Vet, DECVN
Diagnostic approach to acute azotemia Professor of Neurology
Beverly K. Sturges, DVM, DACVIM (Neurology) Department Small Animal Medicine and Surgery
Assistant Clinical Professor, Neurology/Neurosurgery University of Veterinary Medicine
Department of Surgery and Radiology Hannover, Germany
University of California Treatment of primary inflammations
Davis, California of the central nervous system (encephalitis and
Diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial subluxation meningitis)

Jane E. Sykes, BVSc(Hons), PhD, DACVIM (Internal Anthony H. Tobias, DVM, DACVIM (Cardiology)
Medicine) Associate Professor
Assistant Professor of Small Animal Internal Medicine Veterinary Clinical Sciences
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology University of Minnesota
University of California St. Paul, Minnesota
Davis, California Feline arterial thromboembolism
Feline calicivirus infection
Feline Chlamydia Karen M. Tobias, DVM, MS, DACVS
Professor
Patricia A. Talcott, DVM, MS, PhD, DABVT
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Associate Professor
College of Veterinary Medicine
Department of Veterinary Comparative Anatomy,
Pharmacology, and Physiology University of Tennessee
College of Veterinary Medicine Knoxville, Tennessee
Washington State University; Portosystemic communications
Veterinary Diagnostic Toxicologist
Lauren A. Trepanier, DVM, PhD, DACVIM, DACVCP
Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory
Pullman, Washington Associate Professor
Insecticide toxicosis Department of Medical Sciences
School of Veterinary Medicine
Séverine Tasker, BSc, BVSc, PhD, DSAM, DECVIM-CA, University of Wisconsin
MRCVS Madison, Wisconsin
Lecturer in Small Animal Medicine Medical treatment of feline hyperthyroidism
School of Clinical Veterinary Science
University of Bristol
Bristol, England
 Collaborators xxix

Gregory C. Troy, DVM, MS, DACVIM Daniel A. Ward, DVM, PhD, DACVO
(Internal Medicine) Professor of Ophthalmology
Professor and Department Head College of Veterinary Medicine
Dr. and Mrs. Dorsey Taylor Mahin Endowed Professor University of Tennessee
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Knoxville, Tennessee
Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Ocular Pharmacology
Medicine Wendy A. Ware, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Cardiology)
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Professor
Blacksburg, Virginia Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and
American Leishmaniasis Biomedical Sciences
Staff Cardiologist
David C. Twedt, DVM, DACVIM (Internal Medicine) Veterinary Teaching Hospital
Professor Iowa State University
Department of Clinical Sciences Ames, Iowa
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Pericardial effusion
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, Colorado ADJ Watson, BVSc, PhD, FRCVS, MACVSc, DECVPT
Evaluation of serum alkaline phosphatase elevations in the Glebe, New South Wales
dog Australia
Feline inflammatory liver disease Chronic kidney disease: staging and treatment
Shelly L. Vaden, DVM, PhD, DACVIM Craig B. Webb, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (SAIM)
Professor, Internal Medicine Assistant Professor
Department of Clinical Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
North Carolina State University Colorado State University
Raleigh, North Carolina Fort Collins, Colorado
Glomerulopathy Anorectal diseases
David M. Vail, DVM, DACVIM (Oncology) Cynthia RL Webster, DVM, DACVIM
Professor of Oncology (Internal Medicine)
Director, Center for Clinical Trials and Research Associate Professor
Department of Medical Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences
School of Veterinary Medicine Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine
University of Wisconsin Tufts University
Madison, Wisconsin North Grafton, Massachusetts
Antitumor drugs: new drugs Diagnostic approach to hepatobiliary diseases
Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid
Amy K. Valentine, DVM, MS Douglas J. Weiss, DVM, DACVP
Private Specialty Practitioner Professor, Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences
Oregon Veterinary Referral Associates University of Minnesota
Springfield, Oregon St. Paul, Minnesota
Pneumothorax Non-regenerative anemias
Carlo Vitale, DVM, DACVD
Chick WC Weisse, VMD, DACVS
Staff Dermatologist
Assistant Professor of Surgery
San Francisco Veterinary Specialists, Inc.
Director of Interventional Radiology Services
San Francisco, California
Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
Methicillin-resistant canine pyoderma
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Petra A. Volmer, DVM, MS, DABVT, DABT Interventional radiology in urinary diseases
Assistant Professor of Toxicology Treatment of tracheal collapse using intraluminal stents
Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary
Diagnostic Laboratory Elias Westermarck, DVM, PhD, DECVIM
College of Veterinary Medicine Emeritus Professor of Medicine
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences
Urbana, Illinois University of Helsinki,
Narcotics Helsinki, Finland
xxx Collaborators

Tylosin-responsive diarrhea Kathy N. Wright, DVM, DACVIM (Cardiology, Internal

Medicine)
Jodi L. Westropp, DVM, PhD, DACVIM Director of Cardiovascular Medicine
Assistant Professor Internal Medicine
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology The CARE Center
College of Veterinary Medicine Cincinnati, Ohio
University of California Assessment and treatment of supraventricular
Davis, California tachyarrhythmias
Treatment of feline ureteroliths
Urinary incontinence and micturition disorders: Debra L. Zoran, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (SAIM)
pharmacological treatment Associate Professor of Internal Medicine
Small Animal Clinical Sciences
Maria Wiberg, DVM, PhD College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Member of the Gastrointestinal Research Group Department Texas A&M University
of Clinical Veterinary Sciences College Station, Texas
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Diet and diabetes
University of Helsinki
Helsinki, Finland
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in dogs
Michael D. Willard, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Internal
Medicine)
Professor
Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Texas A&M University
College Station, Texas
Esophagitis
David A. Williams, MA, VetMB, PhD, DACVIM,
DECVIM-CA
Professor and Head
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Urbana, Illinois
Exocrine pancreatic disease in cats
Marion S. Wilson, BVMS, MVSc MRCVS
Director, TCI Ltd
Te Kuiti, New Zealand
Transcervical endoscopic insemination
James S. Wohl, DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC
Professor
Department of Clinical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine
Auburn University
Auburn, Alabama
Vascular access techniques
J. Paul Woods, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Oncology, Internal
Medicine), CVMA
Associate Professor
Department of Clinical Studies
Ontario Veterinary Teaching Hospital
University of Guelph
Guelph, Ontario
Canada
Feline cytauxzoonosis
 In memory of Hazel Young Bonagura, my best teacher.

JDB

To my wife Liz and my son Ryan, for their love and support.
To my parents, for helping me achieve my dreams.

David C. Twedt
 Preface

AND This new edition of Kirk's

Current
Therapeutics (CVT)
Veterinary

fourteenth version of a text that has been

is

used by generations of veterinary clinicians

the
both practical and theoretical knowledge in
these areas has increased dramatically, as
demonstrated by the proliferation
textbooks devoted to these topics. After some
discussion, it was decided that the new
of

and veterinary students. Those who have used edition of the TVA should focus on canine and
other editions of this book will recognize feline patients. In addition, the section on
the general format and presentation of the Special Treatments has been removed and its
chapters in this edition. I hope that the content has been included in other sections
content of this book (and the accompanying more relevant to these treatments. The former
website) will be both informative and easily Cardiopulmonary Diseases section has been
accessible to our new readers. Furthermore, I reasonably divided into two sections: -
hope that TVA will help them provide the best Cardiovascular Diseases and Respiratory
possible care for their canine and feline Diseases.
patients. Although the general format of this In keeping with our current, and ever-
new edition follows the original formula evolving, publication standards, we have
designed by Dr. Robert W. Kirk, some changes created a Current Veterinary Therapeutics
and improvements have been made. website, which is one of the major changes
As the title suggests, most of the for the fourteenth edition. People who
chapters focus on the treatment of important purchase this book will have access to this
medical disorders of dogs and cats. Current electronic content, which can be found on the
Veterinary Therapeutics is divided into Elsevier Evolve website
thirteen sections and three appendices. (http://evolve.elsevier.com/Bonagura/Kirks/).
Sections are organized by organ system and We have included chapters from the thirteenth
include cardiovascular, dermatologic, edition, which we believe are still useful to
gastrointestinal, hematologic, neurologic and our readers. Some of these chapters have been
musculoskeletal, ophthalmologic, updated by their original authors. These
reproductive, respiratory, and urinary "still current" chapters have been organized
disorders. Multisystem disorders are into sections along the same lines as in the
discussed in the sections covering critical textbook. In addition, the website contains a
care, infectious diseases, oncology, library of images and figures from this new
hematology, and toxicology. In this edition, edition, as well as other color images. Users
Appendix I, Table of Common Drugs: of the website can access an online search -
Approximate Dosage, and the tables in index. Appendices I-III of the textbook are
Appendix II, Antiparasitics, have been also included in Evolve in a searchable
thoroughly revised. These sections have been format. Finally, we have made the decision to
supervised by one or more specialists, who offer free content not published in the book.
have acted as consulting editors. I am very These are tables containing reference values,
grateful to these eminent clinicians for which we understand are often specific to the
their help and editorial contribution. instrument and the laboratory. Interested
It is important to highlight some of the readers can find several useful tables with
changes that have been made in this edition. laboratory values and results on the website.
First, an associate editor, Dr. David Twedt, (All content included in Evolve is from the
was involved. Dave is recognized worldwide as original edition of the work; therefore, it
a leading internist, gastroenterologist, and is in English.)
educator. I am very grateful to him for his Current Veterinary Therapeutics XIV
excellent editorial work, and his perspective contains 286 published chapters and three
on this volume has been very useful to me. appendices, and has been contributed by
While some of the most respected experts in hundreds of authors who practice in their -
the field of small animal medicine have respective clinical specialties. I am
continued to serve us, we have also recruited indebted to these individuals who have
some eminent consulting editors for this provided concise and clinically useful
edition. Some sections have also been chapters for the current edition. We have
reorganized, and others have been eliminated, attempted to maintain the historic format of
such as the one dedicated to Diseases of the Kirk chapters, which included the key
birds and exotic animals. In recent years, clinical features of each disease or

xxxi
xxxii Preface

disorder, the rationale for its treatment, or omissions. Any ideas that can improve this
and clear, practical treatment guidelines, textbook are welcome. As I mentioned, I have
while also addressing innovative treatments tried to keep TVA in the same vein as when
that are being studied. As I mentioned Dr. Kirk created it. I continue to be the
before, most chapters focus on treating a person who is most grateful that readers have
specific disorder. Others deal with important approved both the previous editions and this
treatment principles or the general approach new edition.
to treating diseases in dogs and cats. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Undoubtedly, we have omitted some topics due
to the rapid development of new knowledge I would like to thank several people. I would
within our diverse profession. The treatment like to thank the veterinarians and
of some of these may have changed little in scientists who contributed to this edition,
the past five years. Others are simply and I greatly appreciate the expertise and
outside our scope (or the limits of our oversight of our consulting editors. The
pages) or are better covered elsewhere, as is tables provided by Dr. David Twedt have been
especially the case with specific surgical very helpful, and the book is much better for
procedures, a topic on which TVA provides his efforts. I am especially grateful to
only some guidelines. Jolynn Gower, Editorial Director of Elsevier.
The quickest way to find information on Without Jolynn's constant efforts and
Current Veterinary Therapeutics is through encouragement, this issue would still be
the alphabetical index. The index is sitting on my desk (both real and
organized by prioritizing diseases based on electronic). I greatly appreciate the support
anatomical and physiological disorders, and - and patience of editor Penny Rudolph, who has
contains many cross-references. Using both overseen our work and provided us with
the index printed in the book and the online helpful advice. Karen Rehwinkel, Senior
version of the website, the reader can locate Project Manager at Elsevier, has been
a particular chapter detailing the most responsible for managing the hundreds of
important medical problems of dogs and cats. manuscripts, electronic documents, author
Many readers familiar with the TVA format are information, and page checks that have gone
likely to turn primarily to the index at the into creating this volume. Liz Fathman, my
beginning of each section to examine the first editor at Elsevier, was very helpful in
section's contents in detail. Because some getting this project started. Other people at
topics "overlap" into separate sections, we Elsevier, with whom I have not worked
have attempted to include cross-index - directly, have also been involved in the
information in chapters throughout the book. creation of this book, and I would like to
Current Veterinary Therapeutics is written extend my deepest gratitude to them as well.
for both practicing veterinarians and Special thanks to Debra Primovic, DVM, for
veterinary students. We hope that students creating the index for this book and the
will discover TVA and find its content useful previous TVA edition.
in their later careers. I always appreciate
the comments I receive from readers, John D. Bonagura, DVM
including any questions about possible errors Columbus, Ohio
 of contents
SECTION I CRITICAL CARE 18 Exposure to toxins in small animals, 92 Lynn R.
Nishi Dhupa Hovda
1 Shock, 2 19 Exposure to toxins and treatments: a survey of
Annie Malouin, Deborah Silverstein practicing veterinarians, 95
Kelly Hall
2 Acute pain management, 9
20 Reporting of adverse drug reactions to the Food and
Andrea L. Looney Drug Administration (FDA), 99
3 Nutrition in critical care, 18 Lynn O. Post
Daniel L. Chan 21 Sources of help in toxicosis, 104
Michael J. Murphy
4 Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy, 24 Marilyn
22 Poisoning in small animals: additional considerations
Dunn, Marjory B. Brooks
related to legal claims, 105
5 Cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation, 28 Gretchen Michael J. Murphy
L. Schoeffler 23 Urban legends in toxicology: myths
and facts, 109
6 Traumatic brain injury, 33
Frederick W. Oehme, William R. Hare
Daniel J. Fletcher, Curtis W. Dewey
24 Treatments for toxicosis, 112
7 Vascular access techniques, 38 Kelly Hall
James S. Wohl, Marion B. Tefend 25 Rodenticide toxicosis, 117
8 Cardiac pacing in intensive care, 43 Michael J. Murphy
Anna RM Gelzer, Marc S. Kraus 26 Insecticide toxicosis, 119
9 Fluid therapy, 48
Patricia A. Talcott
Stephen P. DiBartola, Shane W. Bateman 27 Parasiticide toxicosis: avermectins, 125
Wilson K. Rumbeiha
10 Acid-base disorders, 54
28 Lead Toxicosis in Small Animals, 127 Sharon M.
Helio Autran de Morais, Stephen P. DiBartola
Gwaltney-Brant
11 Fluid therapy with colloids, 61
29 Vehicle-related toxins, 130
Elke Rudloff, Rebecca Kirby Karyn Bischoff
12 Acute abdomen: emergency evaluation and 30 Nicotine toxicosis, 135
treatment, 67 Wayne Spoo
F. Anthony Mann 31 Recent Animal Toxins, 138
13 Drainage Techniques for the Septic Abdomen, 72 Jocelyn A. Mason, Safdar A. Khan, Sharon M.
Adrienne Bentley, David E. Holt Gwaltney-Brant
32 Narcotics, 144
14 Gastric dilatation-volvulus, 77
Petra A. Volmer
Karol A. Mathews
33 Toxicology of human and veterinary estrogen and
15 Emergency Treatment of Open Fractures, 83 Robert progestogen drugs in dogs, 147
J. McCarthy Margaret V. Root Kustritz
16 Thoracic trauma, 86 34 Plant poisoning, 149
Scott P. Shaw Elizabeth A. Hausner, Robert H. Poppenga
35 Canine aflatoxicosis, 156
17 Intravenous anesthetic and analgesic techniques, 88
Karyn Bischoff, Tam Garland
Thomas K. Day
36 Kidney toxins, 159
SECTION II TOXICOLOGICAL DISEASES Wilson K. Rumbeiha, Michael J. Murphy
Michael J. Murphy 37 Food poisoning in small animals, 165
Michael J. Murphy, Julie Churchill
SECTION III ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC 38 Evaluation of the results of endocrine diagnostic
DISEASES tests for adrenal and thyroid diseases, 170
Robert J. Kemppainen, Ellen N. Behrend
Mark E. Peterson
33
34 Preface

39 Medical treatment of feline hyperthyroidism, 175 Jennifer A. Neel, Adam J. Birkenheuer,

Lauren A. Trepanier Carol B. Grinding
40 Treatment of feline hyperthyroidism with radioactive 61 Disseminated intravascular coagulation: diagnosis and
iodine, 180 treatment, 287
Mark E. Peterson Elke Rudloff, Rebecca Kirby
41 Hypothyroidism, 185 62 Platelet disorders, 292
J. Catharine R. Scott-Moncrieff Marjory B. Brooks, James L. Catalfamo
42 Obesity, 191 63 Clinical trials in veterinary oncology, 297
Angela L. Lusby, Claudia A. Kirk Chand Khanna, Melissa Paoloni
43 Canine diabetes mellitus, 196
64 Obtaining samples for cytology, 301
William E. Monroe
Kenita S. Rogers
44 Feline diabetes mellitus, 199
Jacquie S. Rand 65 Antitumor drugs and protocols: traditional drugs, 305
Antony S. Moore, Angela E. Frimberger
45 Diet and diabetes, 204
Debra L. Zoran 66 Antitumor drugs: new drugs, 311
Douglas H. Thamm, David M. Vail
46 Diabetes control, 209
Claudia E. Reusch 67 Radiotherapy: basic principles and indications, 315
Eric M. Green
47 Complications of diabetes mellitus, 214 Deborah S.
Greco 68 Principles of Oncologic Surgery, 320
48 Atypical and subclinical hyperadrenocorticism, 219
James P. Farese
J. Catharine R. Scott-Moncrieff 69 Canine soft tissue sarcomas, 324
49 Canine hyperadrenocorticism, 224 Tania A. Banks, Julius M. Liptak
Ian Ramsey, Reto Neiger 70 Canine hemangiosarcoma, 328
50 Adrenal insufficiency in critical illness, 228 Jennifer E. Craig A. Clifford, Louis-Philippe de Lorimier
Prittie 71 Feline sarcomas associated with vaccination, 332
51 Hypoadrenocorticism, 231 Mattie J. Hendrick, A. Elizabeth Hershey
Peter P. Kintzer, Mark E. Peterson 72 Canine lymphoma, 336
52 Feline idiopathic hypercalcemia, 236 Susan E. Lana, Anne Avery
Dennis J. Chew, Patricia A. Schenck
73 Feline gastrointestinal lymphoma, 340
53 Treatment of hypoparathyroidism, 241 Keith P. Richter
Dennis J. Chew, Larry A. Nagode, Patricia A.
Schenck 74 Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia, 343
David M. Vail
54 Canine hypercalcemia and primary
hyperparathyroidism, 247 75 Histiocytic disease complex, 348
Edward C. Feldman, Richard W. Nelson Peter F. Moore, Verena K. Follow
76 Nasal tumors, 352
SECTION IV ONCOLOGY AND HEMATOLOGY
Lisa J. Forrest
Douglas H. Thamm
77 Lung neoplasia, 354
55 Immunosuppressive agents, 254 Kevin A. Hahn, Sandra M. Axiak
Clare R. Gregory
78 Osteosarcoma, 358
56 Blood typing and testing
Nicole P. Ehrhart, Timothy M. Fan
compatibility, 260
Urs Giger 79 Breast cancer, 363
57 Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, 266
Carolyn J. Henry
Ellen Miller 80 Urinary bladder cancer, 369
58 Non-regenerative anemias, 272 Deborah W. Knapp
Douglas J. Weiss 81 Mastocytoma, 373
59 Von Willebrand disease and other inherited
Cheryl A. London
coagulopathies, 277 82
Malignant melanoma, 378
Anthony P. Carr, Belle M. Nibblett, David L.
Philip J. Bergman
Panciera
60 Thrombocytopenia, 281
 83 Anal sac tumors, 382 104 Treatment of Malassezia infections
Ruthanne Chun and hypersensitivity to Malassezia, 453
Daniel O. Morris
SECTION V DERMATOLOGICAL DISEASES 105 Treatment of dermatophytosis, 457
Douglas J. DeBoer, Karen A. Moriello
Craig E. Griffin, Wayne S. Rosenkrantz
106 Non-histiocytic nodular diseases
84
Use of cyclosporine in dermatology, 386 skin neoplasia, 462
Craig E. Griffin Verena K. Affolter, Catherine A. Outerbridge
85 Interferons, 389 107 Anal sac diseases, 465
Toshiroh Iwasaki Rusty Muse
86 Avermectins in dermatology, 390 108 Acral lick dermatitis, 468
Amanda Burrows John M. MacDonald, Dino M. Bradley
87 SECTION VI DISEASES
GASTROINTESTINAL
Hypoallergenic diets: therapeutic principles, 395
Hilary A. Jackson David C. Twedt
88 Pentoxifylline, 397
109 Feline caudal stomatitis, 476
Rosanna Marseille Linda J. DeBowes
89 Glucocorticoids in veterinary dermatology, 400 110 Oropharyngeal dysphagia, 479
Candace A. Sousa G. Diane Shelton
90 111 Esophagitis, 482
Treatment of feline pruritus, 405 Michael D. Willard, Elizabeth W. Carsten
Sophie Gilbert
91 112 Canine megaesophagus, 486
Shampoo therapy, 410 Beth M. Johnson, Robert C. DeNovo, Erick A. Mears
Wayne S. Rosenkrantz
113 Helicobacter spp. gastric and chronic vomiting
92
Allergen-specific immunotherapy, 415 in dogs, 492
Craig E. Griffin, John M. MacDonald Michael S. Leib, Robert B. Duncan
93 114 Gastric ulcer, 497
Topical immunomodulators, 420
Joel D. Griffies Neiger Challenge
94 115 Inflammatory bowel disease, 501
House dust mites and their control, 425 Alexander J. German
Wayne S. Rosenkrantz
95 Topical therapy for otitis externa, 428 116 Tylosin-responsive diarrhea, 506
Elias Westermarck
Colleen Mendelsohn
96 117 Tritrichomonas, 509
Systemic therapy of otitis externa and media, 434 Jody L. Gookin
Lynette K. Cole 118 Protein-losing enteropathy, 512
97 Lisa E. Moore
Ear washing techniques, 436
Dawn Logas 119 Chronic colitis, 515
98 Nolie K. Parnell
Feline demodicosis, 438
Karin M. Beale, Daniel O. Morris 120 Canine ulcerative colitis, 521
99 Kenneth W. Simpson
Feline viral skin diseases, 441
121 Flatulence, 523
Rudayna Ghubash
100 Philip Roudebush
Canine papillomavirus, 443 122 Anorectal diseases, 527
Masahiko Nagata Craig B. Webb
101
Pyotraumatic dermatitis (moist dermatitis), 446 123 Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in dogs, 531
Wayne S. Rosenkrantz Maria Wiberg
102 Methicillin-resistant canine pyoderma, 449 124 Canine pancreatic diseases, 534
Carlo Vitale Jörg M. Steiner
103 Sebaceous adenitis, 451 125 Exocrine pancreatic disease in cats, 538
Edmund J. Rosser, Jr. David A. Williams

35
36 Table of Contents

126 Diagnostic approach to hepatobiliary diseases, 543 Philip Padrid

Cynthia RL Webster, Johanna C. Cooper
149 Bacterial pneumonia, 658
127 Evaluation of phosphatase elevations Richard B. Ford
serum alkaline in the dog, 549
Anthony T. Gary, David C. Twedt 150 Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, 663
Kenneth J. Drobatz, H. Mark Saunders
128 Supportive treatment for the liver, 554
Bente Flatland 151 Respiratory parasitosis, 666
Robert G. Sherding
129 Copper-associated chronic hepatitis, 557
Gaby Hoffmann, Jan Rothuizen 152 Interstitial lung diseases, 672
130 Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid, 563
Brendan M. Corcoran
Cynthia RL Webster 153 Pleural effusion, 675
131 Liver diseases caused Eleanor C. Hawkins, Theresa W. Fossum
by drugs, 566 154 Pneumothorax, 685
Mark E. Hitt Amy K. Valentine, Daniel D. Smeak
132 Feline hepatic lipidosis, 570 155 Pulmonary thromboembolism, 689
Kathleen M. Holan Susan G. Hackner
133 Feline inflammatory liver disease, 576
156 Pulmonary hypertension, 697
David C. Twedt, P. Jane Armstrong
Rosemary A. Henik
134 Portosystemic communications, 581
Karen M. Tobias SECTION VIII CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
135 Canine biliary mucocele, 587
John D. Bonagura
Heidi A. Hottinger
136 Esophageal feeding tubes, 589 157 Nutritional treatment in heart disease, 704
Howard B. Seim, III Lisa M. Freeman
158 Syncope, 709
SECTION VII RESPIRATORY DISEASES Marc S. Kraus, Clay A. Calvert
Eleanor C. Hawkins 159 Systemic hypertension, 713
137 Oxygen therapy, 596 Rebecca L. Stepien, Rosemary A. Henik
Dennis T. Crowe, Jr. 160 Permanent pacemaker in dogs, 717
138 Ventilator treatment, 603 Mark A. Oyama, D. David Sisson
Shane W. Bateman, Elizabeth O'Toole
161 Assessment and treatment of supraventricular
139 Canine rhinitis, 609 tachyarrhythmias, 722
Ned F. Kuehn Kathy N. Wright
140 Feline rhinitis, 616 162 Ventricular arrhythmias in dogs, 727
Lynelle R. Johnson N. Sydney Moïse, Anna RM Gelzer,
141 Brachycephalic upper airway syndrome in dogs, 619 Marc S. Kraus
Eric R. Pope, Gheorge M. Constantinescu 163 Feline cardiac arrhythmias, 731
142 Nasopharyngeal disorders, 622 Etienne Côté, Neil K. Harpster
Geraldine B. Hunt, Susan F. Foster
164 Cardioversion, 739
143 Laryngeal diseases, 627 Janice M. Bright, Julie Martin
Catriona M. MacPhail, Eric Monnet
165 Patent ductus arteriosus, 744
144 Medical treatment of tracheal collapse, 630 Matthew W. Miller, Sonya G. Gordon
Michael E. Herrtage
166 Ventricular septal defects, 748
145 Treatment of tracheal collapse using intraluminal
Rebecca E. Gompf, John D. Bonagura
stents, 635
Chick WC White 167 Pulmonary stenosis, 752
146 Chronic canine bronchitis, 642
Amara Estrada
Lynelle R. Johnson 168 Subaortic stenosis, 757
147 Bordetella bronchiseptica: beyond cough R. Lee Pyle, Jonathan A. Abbott
of the kennels, 646 169 Tricuspid valve dysplasia, 762
Richard B. Ford Darcy B. Adin
148 Chronic bronchitis and feline asthma, 650 170 Mitral valve dysplasia, 765
 Table of Contents 37

Barret J. Bulmer Jonathan Elliott, ADJ Watson

171 Treatment of heart failure 193 Calcitriol, 892
in dogs, 769 David J. Polzin, Sheri Ross, Carl A. Osborne
Bruce W. Keene, John D. Bonagura 194 Hemodialysis, 896
172 Chronic valvular disease in dogs, 780 Catherine E. Langston
John E. Rush 195 Kidney transplant, 901
173 Infective endocarditis, 786 Christopher A. Adin
Kristin A. MacDonald 196 Gastrostomy tube feeding
174 Canine dilated cardiomyopathy, 792 in nephropathy, 906
Daniel F. Hogan, Henry W. Green, III Denise A. Elliott
175 Cardiomyopathy in boxers, 797 197 Systemic hypertension in nephropathy, 910
Kathryn M. Meurs, Alan W. Spier Mark J. Acierno
176 Cardiomyopathy in Doberman Pinschers, 800 198 Treatment of anemia in heart failure
Clay A. Calvert, Kathryn M. Meurs kidney, 914
Marie E. Kerl, Catherine E. Langston
177 Myocarditis, 804
Karsten E. Schober 199 Uncomplicated urinary tract infection, 918
Mary Anna Labato
178 Treatment of feline cardiomyopathy, 809
200 Multidrug-resistant urinary tract infection, 921
Virginia Luis Fuentes
Jeanne A. Barsanti
179 Feline right ventricular cardiomyopathy, 815
201 Cancer and kidney, 925
Philip R. Fox
Barrak M. Pressler
180 Feline arterial thromboembolism, 819
202 Treatment of feline ureteroliths, 931
Anthony H. Tobias, Deborah M. Fine
Andrew E. Kyles, Jodi L. Westropp
181 Pericardial effusion, 825
203 Incomplete urolith removal: prevention, detection and
EITHER. Lynne Nelson, Wendy A. Ware
correction, 936
182 Feline dirofilariasis, 831 Jody P. Lulich, Carl A. Osborne
Clarke E. Atkins 204 Laser lithotripsy for uroliths, 940
183 Canine dirofilariasis, 837 Larry G. Adams, Jody P. Lulich
Matthew W. Miller, Sonya G. Gordon 205 Treatment of feline non-obstructive idiopathic cystitis,
944
SECTION IX URINARY DISORDERS John M. Kruger, Carl A. Osborne
206 Urethral obstruction in cats, 951
India F. Lane
Kenneth J. Drobatz
184 Management of the patient with polyuria and 207 Urinary incontinence and micturition disorders:
polydipsia, 844 Katharine F. Lunn pharmacological treatment, 955
185 Interpretation and Treatment of Crystalluria, 850 India F. Lane, Jodi L. Westropp
Joseph W. Bartges, Claudia A. Kirk 208 Urinary incontinence: treatment with injectable volume
186 Diagnostic approach to acute azotemia, 855 Jennifer expanders, 960
E. Stokes Julie K. Byron, Dennis J. Chew, Mary A. McLoughlin
209 Interventional radiology in diseases
187 Proteinuria: Considerations for Treatment, 860
urinary, 965
Gregory F. Grauer
Chick WC Weisse, Allyson C. Berent
188 Glomerulopathy, 863
Shelly L. Vaden, Cathy A. Brown SECTION X REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS
189 Measuring Glomerular Filtration Rate: Practical Use of Margaret V. Root Kustritz
Clearance Tests, 868 Sherry Lynn Sanderson 210 Control of reproduction in the bitch, 974
190 Evidence-based treatment Gary C.W. England, Marco Russo
of chronic nephropathy, 872
David J. Polzin, Carl A. Osborne, Sheri Ross
191 Acute renal failure, 879
Linda Ross
192 Chronic nephropathy: staging
and treatment, 883
38 Table of Contents

Use of cytology and vaginal cultures in the control SECTION XI NEUROLOGICAL AND MUSCULOSKELETAL
and diagnosis of reproductive system diseases, 980 DISEASES
Beverly J. Purswell Rodney S. Bagley

231 Treatment of status epilepticus, 1062

Transcervical endoscopic insemination, 983 Michael Podell
Marion S. Wilson
Abortion in the female dog, 986 232 New antiepileptic treatments
Joni L. Freshman maintenance in dogs and cats, 1066
Curtis W. Dewey
Pseudopregnancy in the bitch, 990 233 Treatment of primary inflammation of the central
Dana R. Bleifer nervous system (encephalitis)
Treatment of dystocia, 992 and meningitis), 1070
Autumn P. Davidson Andrea Tipold

Postpartum disorders in dogs, 999

234 Treatment of cerebrovascular disease, 1074
Michelle Anne Kutzler
Laurent S. Garosi, Simon R. Platt
Nutrition of the bitch during pregnancy and lactation,
1003 235 Treatment of intracranial tumors, 1078
Jill Narak, Todd W. Axlund, Annette N. Smith
David A. Dzanis
236 Diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial subluxation,
Pyometra, 1008 1083
Frances O. Smith Beverly K. Sturges
Vaginitis, 1010 237 Treatment of canine cervical spondylomyelopathy:
Margaret V. Root Kustritz critical review, 1088
Surgical reconstruction of vaginal abnormalities in the
bitch, 1012
Annie V. Chen, Rodney S. Bagley
Roberto E. New 238 Treatment of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis, 1094
Daniel G. Hicks, Rodney S. Bagley
Early sterilization in dogs and cats, 1019
Lisa M. Howe 239 Vestibular disease in dogs and cats, 1097
Rodney S. Bagley
Interruption of estrus in the bitch, 1024
Patrick Concannon 240 Treatment of Chiari malformation
and canine syringomyelia, 1102 Clare Rusbridge,
Termination of pregnancy in bitches, 1031
Curtis W. Dewey
Bruce E. Eilts
241 Treatment of autoimmune myasthenia gravis, 1108
Hereditary reproductive disorders in dogs and cats,
G. Diane Shelton
1034
Vicki N. Meyers-Wallen
242 Treatment of myopathies and neuropathies, 1111
Feline remnant ovary syndrome, 1040 G. Diane Shelton
Margaret V. Root Kustritz
243 Treatment of tendon disorders
Abortion in the cat, 1041 of the supraspinatus in the dog, 1117 Boel A.
Claudia J. Baldwin Fransson
Medical treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy and
244 Medical treatment of hip joint disease, 1120 Denis J.
prostatitis in dogs, 1046
Marcellin-Little
Kaitkanoke Sirinarumitr
Aspermia/oligozoospermia caused by retrograde 245 Treatment of animals with spinal and musculoskeletal
ejaculation in dogs, 1049 Stefano Romagnoli, pain, 1126
Giovanni Majolino Joan R. Coates
Intermittent erection in neutered dogs, 1053 246 Physiotherapy and rehabilitation of the neurological
Margaret V. Root Kustritz patient, 1131
Darryl L. Millis
Available methods and tests for hereditary disorders
in dogs, 1054 247 Hypokalemic myopathy in cats, 1136
Edward E. (Ned) Patterson Boyd R. Jones
 Table of Contents 39

SECTION XII OPHTHALMOLOGICAL DISEASES Autumn P. Davidson

David J. Maggs 269 Leptospirosis, 1237
248 Key points in ophthalmologic examination, 1140
Kenneth R. Harkin
David J. Maggs 270 Bartonellosis, 1241
249 Ocular Pharmacology, 1145
Edward B. Breitschwerdt
Daniel A. Ward 271 Canine and feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis, 1245
Séverine Tasker
250 Ocular immunotherapy, 1149
Steven R. Hollingsworth 272 Canine Anaplasmosis, 1249
Leah A. Cohn, Stephanie J. Kottler
251 Ocular neoplasms, 1153
Bradford J. Holmberg, Michael S. Kent 273 American leishmaniasis, 1252
Gregory C. Troy
252 Corneal coloration as a diagnostic sign, 1158
David J. Maggs 274 Toxoplasmosis, 1254
Michael R. Lappin
253 Differential diagnosis of blindness, 1163
Holly L. Hamilton, Susan A. McLaughlin 275 Pneumocystosis, 1258
Remo Lobetti
254 Differential diagnosis of anisocoria, 1168
Nancy B. Cottrill 276 Feline cytazoonosis, 1261
J. Paul Woods
255 Differential diagnosis of red eye, 1175
Diane VH Hendrix 277 Systemic fungal infections, 1265
Rance K. Sellon, Alfred M. Legendre
256 Diseases of the eyelids and periocular skin, 1178
Catherine A. Outerbridge, Steven R. Hollingsworth 278 Pythiosis and lagenidiosis, 1268
Amy M. Grooters
257 Feline chlamydia, 1185
Jane E. Sykes 279 Canine Vaccination Guidelines, 1272
Richard B. Ford
258 Antiviral treatment of feline herpesvirus, 1188
David J. Maggs 280 Feline Vaccination Guidelines, 1275
Richard B. Ford
259 Canine episcleritis and scleritis, 1190
Anna R. Deykin 281 Feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency
virus, 1278 Katrin Hartmann
260 Qualitative alterations of the canine and feline tear
film, 1193 282 Feline calicivirus infection, 1284
Christine C. Lim Jane E. Sykes
261 Canine insidious corneal erosions, 1197 283 Babesiosis, 1288
Ellison Bentley Adam J. Birkenheuer
262 Canine and feline anterior uveitis, 1200 284 Canine influenza, 1291
Cynthia C. Powell Gabriele A. Landolt, Katharine F. Lunn
263 Feline glaucoma, 1207 285 Feline infectious peritonitis: treatment
Paul E. Miller and prevention, 1295
264 Retinal detachment, 1215
Diane D. Addie, Takuo Ishida
Patricia J. Smith 286 Control of viral diseases in cat communities, 1299
268 Canine brucellosis, 1234 Diane D. Addie
SECTION XIII INFECTIOUS DISEASES
40 Table of Contents

Rance K. Sellon APPENDICES

265 Hospital bacterial infections (nosocomial Appendix I Table of Common Drugs: Approximate
infections), 1222 Dosage, 1306 Mark G. Daddy
Scott P. Shaw
Appendix II Antiparasitic drugs, 1335
266 Rational use of empirical antibiotic therapy, 1225 Cliff Monahan
Patricia M. Dowling Appendix III Nutritional profiles for dogs
267 Rational use of glucocorticoids and cats according to AAFCO, 1337
in infectious diseases, 1230 David A. Dzanis
Adam Mordecai, Rance K. Sellon