Unit – 6 Optics

Multiple choice questions (Book Back)

1.The speed of light in an isotropic medium depends on,
(a) its intensity (b)its wavelength
(c) the nature of propagation (d) the motion of the source w.r.to medium
2. A rod of length 10 cm lies along the principal axis of a concave mirror of focal length 10
cm in such a way that its end closer to the pole is 20 cm away from the mirror. The length of
the image is, (AIPMT Main 2012)
(a) 2.5 cm (b) 5cm (c) 10 cm (d) 15cm
3. An object is placed in front of a convex mirror of focal length of f and the maximum and
minimum distance of an object from the mirror such that the image formed is real and
magnified. (IEE Main 2009)]
(a) 2f and c (b) c and ∞ (c) f and O (d) None of these
4. For light incident from air onto a slab of refractive index 2. Maximum possible angle of
refraction is,
(a) 30o (b) 45o (c) 60o (d) 90o
5. If the velocity and wavelength of light in air is Va and λa and that in water is Vw and λw,
then the refractive index of water is,
𝑉𝑤 𝑉𝑎 𝜆𝑤 𝜆𝑎 𝑉𝑎
a) b) c) d)
𝑉𝑎 𝑉𝑤 𝜆𝑎 𝜆𝑤 𝑉𝑤

6. Stars twinkle due to,

(a) reflection (b) total internal reflection (c) refraction (d) polarisation
7. When a biconvex lens of glass having refractive index 1.47 is dipped in a liquid, it acts as
a plane sheet of glass. This implies that the liquid must have refractive index,
(a) less than one (b) less than that of glass
(c) greater than that of glass (d) equal to that of glass
8. The radius of curvature of curved surface at a thin planoconvex lens is 10 cm and the
refractive index is 1.5. If the plane surface is silvered, then the focal length will be,
(a) 5 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 15 cm (d) 20 cm

1
9. An air bubble in glass slab of refractive index 1.5 (near normal incidence) is 5 cm deep
when viewed from one surface and 3 cm deep when viewed from the opposite face. The
thickness of the slab is,
(a) 8 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 12 cm (d) 16 cm
10. A ray of light travelling in a transparent medium of refractive index n falls, on a surface
separating the medium from air at an angle of incidents of 45o. The ray can undergo total
internal reflection for the following n,
(a) n = 1.25 (b) n = 1.33 (c) n = 1.4 (d) n = 1.5
11.A plane glass is placed over a various coloured letters (violet, green, yellow, red) The
letter which appears to be raised more is,
(a) red (b) yellow (c) green (d) violet
12. Two point white dots are 1 mm apart on a black paper. They are viewed by eye of pupil
diameter 3 mm approximately. The maximum distance at which these dots can be resolved
by the eye is, [take wavelength of light, λ = 500 nm]
(a) 1 m (b) 5 m (c) 3 m (d) 6m
13. In a Young’s double-slit experiment, the slit separation is doubled. To maintain the same
fringe spacing on the screen, the screen-to-slit distance D must be changed to,
𝐷 𝐷
(a) 2D (b) (c) √2 D (d)
2 √2

14. Two coherent monochromatic light beams of intensities I and 4I are superposed. The
maximum and minimum possible intensities in the resulting beam are [IIT-JEE 1988]
(a) 5I and I (b) 5I and 3I
(c) 9I and I (d) 9I and 3I
15. When light is incident on a soap film of thickness 5×10 –5 cm, the wavelength of light
reflected maximum in the visible region is 5320 Å. Refractive index of the film will be,
(a) 1.22 (b) 1.33 (c) 1.51 (d) 1.83.
16. First diffraction minimum due to a single slit of width 1.0×10–5 cm is at 30o. Then
wavelength of light used is,
(a) 400 Å (b) 500 Å (c) 600 Å (d) 700 Å
17. A ray of light strikes a glass plate at an angle 60o. If the reflected and refracted rays are
perpendicular to each other, the refractive index of the glass is,

2
 3 3
a)√3 b) c)√ d)2
2 2

18. One of the of Young’s double slits is covered with a glass plate as
shown in figure. The position of central maximum will,
(a) get shifted downwards (b) get shifted upwards
(c) will remain the same (d) data insufficient to conclude
19. Light transmitted by Nicol prism is,
(a) partially polarised
(b) unpolarised
(c) plane polarised
(d) elliptically polarised
20. The transverse nature of light is shown in,
(a) interference
(b) diffraction
(c) scattering
(d) polarisation

3
 Unit – 7 DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER
Multiple Choice Questions (Book Back )
1. The wavelength λe of an electron and λp of a photon of same energy E are related by
1
a. λe α λp b. λp α √𝜆𝑒 c. λp α d. λp α 𝜆𝑒 2
√𝜆𝑒

2. In an electron microscope, the electrons are accelerated by a voltage of 14 kV. If the

voltage is changed to 224 kV, then the de Broglie wavelength associated with the electrons
would
a. increase by 2 times b. decrease by 2 times
c. decrease by 4 times d. increase by 4 times
3. A particle of mass 3 × 10–6 g has the same wavelength as an electron moving with a
velocity 6 × 10–6 ms-1 . The velocity of the particle is
a. 1.82 × 10–18 ms-1. b. 9× 10–18 ms-1 c. 3× 10–31 ms-1 d.1.82 × 10–15 ms-1
4. When a metallic surface is illuminated with radiation of wavelength λ , the stopping
potential is V. If the same surface is illuminated with radiation of wavelength 2λ , the
stopping potential is V/ 4 . The threshold wavelength for the metallic surface is
a. 4λ b. 5λ c. 5/ 2 λ d. 3λ
5. If a light of wavelength 330 nm is incident on a metal with work function 3.55 eV, the
electrons are emitted. Then the wavelength of the emitted electron is
a. < 2 .75 × 10-9 m b. ≥2 .75 × 10-9 m c.≤ 2 .75 × 10-12 m d.< 2 .75 × 10-10 m
6. A photoelectric surface is illuminated successively by monochromatic light of wavelength
λ and λ/2 . If the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons in the second case is
3 times that in the first case, the work function at the surface of material is
ℎ𝑐 2ℎ𝑐 ℎ𝑐 ℎ𝑐
a. b. c. d.
λ λ 3λ 2λ

7. In photoelectric emission, a radiation whose frequency is 4 times threshold frequency of a

certain metal is incident on the metal. Then the maximum possible velocity of the emitted
electron will be
ℎ 𝑜 6ℎ𝑜 ℎ 𝑜 ℎ 𝑜
a.√ b. √ c. 2√ d. √
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚 2𝑚

8. Two radiations with photon energies 0.9 eV and 3.3 eV respectively are falling on a

4
metallic surface successively . If the work function of the metal is 0.6 eV, then the ratio of
maximum speeds of emitted electrons will be
a) 1:4 b) 1:3 c) 1:1 d)1:9
9. A light source of wavelength 520 nm emits 1.04 × 1015 photons per second while the
second source of 460 nm produces 1.38 × 1015 photons per second. Then the ratio of power
of second source to that of first source is
a) 1.00 b) 1.02 c) 1.5 d) 0.98
10. The mean wavelength of light from sun is taken to be 550 nm and its mean power is
3.8 × 1026W. The number of photons received by the human eye per second on the average
from sunlight is of the order of
a) 1045 b) 1042 c) 1054 d) 1051
11.The threshold wavelength for a metal surface whose photoelectric work function is 3.313
eV is
a)4125Å b)3750Å c)6000Å d)2062 .5 Å
12. A light of wavelength 500 nm is incident on a sensitive plate of photoelectric work
function 1.235 eV. The kinetic energy of the photo electrons emitted is be
(Take h = 6.6 × 10–34 Js)
a) 0.58 eV b) 2.48 eV c) 1.24 eV d) 1.16 eV
13. Photons of wavelength λ are incident on a metal. The most energetic electrons ejected
from the metal are bent into a circular arc of radius R by a perpendicular magnetic field
having magnitude B. The work function of the metal is
ℎ𝑐 𝑒 2 𝐵2 𝑅 2 ℎ𝑐 𝑒𝐵𝑅 2
a) − 𝑚𝑒 + b) + 2𝑚𝑒 [ ]
λ 2𝑚𝑒 λ 2𝑚𝑒

ℎ𝑐 𝑒 2 𝐵2 𝑅 2 ℎ𝑐 𝑒𝐵𝑅 2
c). − 𝑚𝑒 𝑐 2 − d) − 2𝑚𝑒 [ ]
λ 2𝑚𝑒 λ 2𝑚𝑒

14. The work functions for metals A, B and C are 1.92 eV, 2.0 eV and 5.0 eV respectively.
The metals which will emit photoelectrons for a radiation of wavelength 4100Å is/are
a. A only b. both A and B
c. all these metals d. none
15. Emission of electrons by the absorption of heat energy is called………emission.
a. photoelectric b. field c. thermionic d. secondary

5
 Unit – 8 ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
Multiple Choice Questions (Book Back )
1.Suppose an alpha particle accelerated by a potential of V volt is allowed to collide with a
nucleus whose atomic number is Z , then the distance of approach of alpha particle to the
nucleus is
𝑍 𝑉 𝑍 𝑉
(a) 14.4 Ẵ (b) 14.4 Ẵ (c) 1.44 Ẵ (d) 1.44 Ẵ
𝑉 𝑍 𝑉 𝑍

2. In an hydrogen atom , the electron revolving in the fourth orbit has angular momentum
equals to
ℎ 4ℎ 2ℎ
(a)h (b) (c) (d)
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋

3.Atomic number of H – like atom with ionization potential 122.4 V for n =1 is

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d)4
4.The ratio between the first three orbits of hydrogen atom is
(a) 1:2:3 (b)2:4:6 (c)1:4:9 (d) 1:3:5
5.The charge of cathode rays is
(a) positive (b) negative (c) neutral (d) not defined
6.In J.J Thomson experiment , a beam of electron is replaced by that of muons ( particle with
same charge as that of electrons but mass is 208 times that of electrons).No deflection
condition is achieved by only if
(a). B is increased by 208 times (b) B is decreased by 208 times
(c) B is increased by 14.4 times (d) B is decreased by 14.4 times
7. The ratio of the wavelengths for the transition from n =2 to n = 1 in Li++ , He+ and H is
(a) 1:2:3 (b)1:4:9 (c)3:2:1 (d) 4:9:36
𝑟
8.The electric potential between a proton and an electron is given by V = 𝑉𝑜 ln ( ) , where
𝑟 𝑜

ro is constant . Assume that Bohr atom model is applicable to potential , then variation of
radius of nth orbit rn with the principle quantum number n is
1 1
(a) rn 𝛼 (b) rn 𝛼 𝑛 (c) rn 𝛼 (d) rn 𝛼 𝑛2
𝑛 𝑛2

9.If the nuclear radius of 27Al is 3.6 fermi , the approximate nuclear radius 64Cu is
(a) 2.4 (b) 1.2 (c) 4.8 (d) 3.6

6
10.The nucleus is approximately spherical in shape .Then the surface area of the nucleus
having mass number A varies as
(a) A2/3 (b) A 4/3 (c) A1/3 (d) A 5/3
11.The mass of a 73𝐿𝑖 nucleus is 0.042 u less than the sum of the masses of all its nucleons
.The binding energy per nucleon of 73𝐿𝑖 nucleus is nearly
(a) 46 MeV (b) 5.6 MeV (c) 3.9 MeV (d) 23 MeV
12. Mp denotes the mass of the proton and Mn denotes mass of a neutron. A given nucleus of
binding energy B, contains Z protons and N neutrons. The mass M(N,Z) of the nucleus is
given by(where c is the speed of light)
(a)𝑀(𝑁 , 𝑍 ) = 𝑁𝑀𝑛 + 𝑍𝑀𝑝 − 𝐵𝑐 2 (b)𝑀(𝑁 , 𝑍 ) = 𝑁𝑀𝑛 + 𝑍𝑀𝑝 + 𝐵𝑐 2
(c)𝑀(𝑁 , 𝑍 ) = 𝑁𝑀𝑛 + 𝑍𝑀𝑝 − 𝐵/𝑐 2 (d)𝑀(𝑁 , 𝑍 ) = 𝑁𝑀𝑛 + 𝑍𝑀𝑝 + 𝐵/𝑐 2
13. A radioactive nucleus (initial mass number A and atomic number Z) emits 2α and 2
positrons. The ratio of number of neutrons to that of proton in the final nucleus will be
𝐴−𝑍−4 𝐴−𝑍−2 𝐴−𝑍−4 𝐴−𝑍−12
(a) (b) (c) (a)
𝑍−2 𝑍−6 𝑍−6 𝑍−4

14. The half-life period of a radioactive element A is same as the mean life time of another
radioactive element B. Initially both have the same number of atoms. Then
(a) A and B have the same decay rate initially
(b) A and B decay at the same rate always
(c) B will decay at faster rate than A
(d) A will decay at faster rate than B.
15. A system consists of No nucleus at t=0. The number of nuclei remaining after half of a
1
half-life (that is, at time t = 𝑇1
2 2

𝑁𝑜 𝑁𝑜 𝑁𝑜 𝑁𝑜
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a)
2 √2 4 8

7
 Unit – 9 Semiconductor Electronics
Multiple choice questions
1. The barrier potential of a silicon diode is approximately,
a. 0.7 V b. 0.3V c. 2.0 V d. 2.2V
2. Doping a semiconductor results in
a. The decrease in mobile charge carriers b. The change in chemical properties
c. The change in the crystal structure d. The breaking of the covalent bond
3. A forward biased diode is treated as
a. An open switch with infinite resistance b. A closed switch with a voltage drop of 0V
c. A closed switch in series with a battery voltage of 0.7V
d. A closed switch in series with a small resistance and a battery.
4. If a half –wave rectified voltage is fed to a load resistor, which part of a cycle the load
current will flow?
a. 00–900 b. 900–1800 c. 00–1800 d. 00–3600
5. The primary use of a zener diode is
a. Rectifier b. Amplifier c. Oscillator d. Voltage regulator
6. The principle in which a solar cell operates
a. Diffusion b. Recombination c. Photovoltaic action d. Carrier flow
7. The light emitted in an LED is due to
a. Recombination of charge carriers b. Reflection of light due to lens action
c. Amplification of light falling at the junction d. Large current capacity.
8. When a transistor is fully switched on, it is said to be
a. Shorted b. Saturated c. Cut-off d. Open
9. The specific characteristic of a common emitter amplifier is
a. High input resistance b. Low power gain
c. Signal phase reversal d. Low current gain
10. To obtain sustained oscillation in an oscillator,
a. Feedback should be positive b. Feedback factor must be unity
c. Phase shift must be 0 or 2π d. All the above

8
11. If the input to the NOT gate is A = 1011, its output is
a. 0100 b. 1000 c. 1100 d. 0011
Hint : Since it is NOT gate so it produces output opposite to input
12. The electrical series circuit in digital form is
a. AND b. OR c. NOR d. NAND

13. Which one of the following represents forward bias diode?

14. The given electrical network is equivalent to

a. AND gate b. OR gate c. NOR gate d. NOT gate

15. The output of the following circuit is 1 when the input ABC is

a. 101 b. 100 c. 110 d. 010

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 Unit – 10 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
I Multiple Choice Questions
1.The output transducer of the communication system converts the radio signal into ----------
(a) Sound (b) Mechanical energy
(c) Kinetic energy (d) None of the above
2.The signal is affected by noise in a communication system
(a) At the transmitter (b) At the modulator
(c) In the channel (d) At the receiver
3.The variation of frequency of carrier wave with respect to the amplitude of the modulating
signal is called ---------
(a) Amplitude modulation (b) Frequency modulation
(c) Phase modulation (d) Pulse width modulation
4.The internationally accepted frequency deviation for the purpose of FM broadcasts
(a) 75 kHz (b) 68 kHz (c) 80 kHz (d) 70 kHz
5.The frequency range of 3 MHz to 30 MHz is used for
(a) Ground wave propagation (b) Space wave propagation
(c) Sky wave propagation (d) Satellite communication

10
 Unit – 11 Recent developments in physics

I Multiple Choice Questions

1. The particle size of ZnO material is 30 nm. Based on the dimension it is classified as
a) Bulk material b) Nanomaterial
c) Soft material d) Magnetic material
2. Which one of the following is the natural nanomaterial.
a) Peacock feather b) Peacock beak
c) Grain of sand d) Skin of the Whale
3. The blue print for making ultra durable synthetic material is mimicked from
a) Lotus leaf b) Morpho butterfly
c) Parrot fish d) Peacock feather
4. The method of making nanomaterial by assembling the atoms is called
a) Top down approach
b) Bottom up approach
c) Cross down approach
d) Diagonal approach
5. “Sky wax” is an application of nano product in the field of
a) Medicine b) Textile
c) Sports d) Automotive industry
6. The materials used in Robotics are
a) Aluminium and silver
b) Silver and gold
c) Copper and gold
d) Steel and aluminium
7. The alloys used for muscle wires in Robots are
a) Shape memory alloys
b) Gold copper alloys
c) Gold silver alloys
d) Two dimensional alloys

11
8. The technology used for stopping the brain from processing pain is
a) Precision medicine
b) Wireless brain sensor
c) Virtual reality
d) Radiology
9. The particle which gives mass to protons and neutrons are
a) Higgs particle
b) Einstein particle
c) Nanoparticle
d) Bulk particle
10. The gravitational waves were theoretically proposed by
a) Conrad Rontgen b) Marie Curie
c) Albert Einstein d) Edward Purcell

12