CHAPTER 2-METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER 2-METHODOLOGY

Research Design
Locale
Participants
Sampling Method
Instrument
Data Collection Procedure
Data Analysis Method
Ethical Considerations
 RESEARCH DESIGN
Investigating Filipino School Teachers’ Engagements with Research: A Bioecological Systems Case Study

With the intent to analyse the struggles of SHS teachers in research engagement, this
study utilised case study research design. This methodology was appropriate for the
needs of this research because it provided a “close examination of people, topics,
issues, or programs” (Hays, 2004, p. 218) in their real-life context. Case studies seek
to answer 'how' and 'why' questions, understand research participants' uncontrolled
behaviour, and thoroughly describe the context under which a phenomenon takes
place (Yin, 2003). For this paper, the descriptive case study was chosen. This type of
case study aims to develop a detailed account of an experience or phenomenon and
provide insights into the research problem through a theoretical lens (Stake, 1995;
Yin, 2003.) Moreover, this case study employed both quantitative and qualitative
procedures (Montes- Rodríguez et al., 2019) to collect and analyse data “for the
broad purposes of breadth and depth of understanding and corroboration” (Johnson
et al., 2007, p. 123). The mixed methods procedure is appropriate when quantitative
or qualitative approaches by themselves are insufficient to yield more knowledgeable
insights into the problem (Creswell, 2008).
 LOCALE
English for Academic and Professional Purposes Proficiency and Grammar Learning Strategies of Grade
11 Students in a Public Secondary High School

The study will be conducted at a public secondary

high school that offers junior high school and senior
high school in the District of Murcia II. It is located on
the Eco-Tourism Highway of the Municipality of
Murcia, Negros Occidental.
 PARTICIPANTS

The chosen participants will consist of 10 Senior High

School Students, who are enrolled in the 2nd semester
of School Year 2023-2024 at a public secondary high
school in the District of Murcia II. The participants are
working students, who are 16-19 years old. There will
be 5 male and 5 female participants in this study.
According to Boyd (2001), research saturation can
typically be attained with two (2) to ten (10)
participants.
 SAMPLING METHOD

Snowballing, which is a non-probability sampling method was utilized

to draw up a sample of participants who provided adequate
information for the study. Snowballing sampling is a method whereby
the researcher starts with one member of a group who in turn refers
the researcher to another member (De Vos, 1998; McClure, 2001).
Although the researcher was referred to participants, the researcher
purposively selected participants who were perceived to be
information rich and appropriate for the study. The researcher tried to
put together a sample of people from diverse backgrounds in order to
get more varied data.
 INSTRUMENT

Data will be collected using face-to-face individual interview schedule.

According to Ferreira at al. (1988), interviewing is the most important
data collection instrument. The interviews will be semi-structured, that
is, a list of questions and issues to be discussed was prepared prior to
the interview. Semi-structured interviewing will give room for probing
for clarification and further discussion of important and relevant issues
that will arise during the interviews. Where necessary, questions will
be elaborated to suit a particular participant. Face-to-face interview
will enable the researcher to read the non-verbal communication and
reactions, which will prove to be helpful in the analysis of data. The
interviews will be audio taped and will be transcribed later.
 DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE
The researchers will send a letter to the principal of the school and to the selected respondents for
their signature as a sign of approval to conduct a study. Upon receiving approval, the researchers
will conduct a one-on-one, in-depth interview with each of the selected respondents. The interview
questions will consist of a personal information about their course choice. The researchers will
explain further the mechanics, especially the content of the possible questions that will be asked to
the respondents, for a good understanding of its purpose. The researchers will ask preliminary
questions to identify their course choice and the factors that influenced them to choose it.
Afterwards, the researchers expect to gain answers that will satisfy their corresponding questions.
In regards to the data collection method, the researchers will only use one method. This will be
done in order to gather accurate and pertinent information to address the study's research
objectives. The interviewing process will be carried out utilizing both their mother tongue
(Hiligaynon) and Filipino in order to verify that the participants will give accurate answers to the
questions that were written in English. The researchers will later carefully transcript and translate
the responses into English. For those who will be unable to comprehend or understand English,
the use of the mother tongue and Filipino will be employed, allowing them to provide relevant
information in relation to the topic of the research.
 DATA ANALYSIS METHOD
Awareness of Senior High School Students on Digital Literacy Skills: A Qualitative Study

This study will use thematic analysis, a method for identifying

themes or patterns in qualitative data (Braun & Clarke, 2006)
which helps in gaining a thorough understanding of the
students' opinions and experiences in their digital literacy
skills. Furthermore, a proper thematic analysis also makes it
simple to understand how findings are drawn and how
conclusions are made about the participants, making the
results more reliable.
 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
After the approached participants will agree to participate, informed consent will
be first sought from them. This will be achieved by reading with the participants
both informed consents of participation and tape-recording and asking them to
sign in order to grant their consent. Informed consent was obtained from the
participants, and they were also informed of their right to withdraw from the study
at any time. Participants will be informed of the confidentiality clause.
Confidentiality implies that the dignity of a subject should be respected. Therefore
it is important that participants had no doubt that any identifying information
provided would be regarded as confidential (Ferreira et al., 1988). Participants will
be informed that their confidential information would only be accessed by the
researcher and the supervisor. They are also not required to provide any
identifying details and as such, transcripts and the final report will not reflect the
subject’s identifying information such as their names.After transcribing, the tapes
will be kept in a safe and confidential place. After the study has been completed
and a report written, the tapes would be destroyed.