KMTC/QP-08/EPS

tAEDICAL TRAINING

COLLEGE
KENYA MEDICAL TRAINING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND COMMUNITY HEALTH

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION

CLASS CHA SEPTEMBER 2021

SUBJECT: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

DATE: MONDAY,31/1/2022
TIME: 9AM-NOON

INSTRUCTIONS
Answer all questions in the examination booklet provided

Read the examinationquestion carefully.

Do not write outside the margin in the examination booklet provided.

Write your examinationnumber in allanswer sheets you use

PART ONE: MCOs 20 MARKS

Q1. Ankle jointis a:

a) Hinge joint
b) Gliding joint
c) Ball and socket joint

d) Condyloid joint

Q2. The cells responsible for secreting cerebral spinal fluid are:

a) The microglia
b) The ependymal cells
c) The oligodendrocytes
d) The astrocytes

direct response to blood glucose, this is an example

Q3. When the pancreas releases insulin in

of
stimulation.

a) humoral
b) neural
c) hormonal
d) negative feedback

04. Mixed cranial nerves include:

a) Olfactory, optic, oculomotor

b) Trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal

c) Vagus,accessory, hypoglossal
d) Abducens, trochlear, vestibulocochlear

are:
Q5. The of parasympathetic stimulation on the cardiovascular systemn
effects

a) Vasodilation of the coronary arteries, increased blood pressure

b) Vasoconstriction of the peripheral blood vessels, increased heart rate

c) Vasodilation of the skeletal vessels, decrease in blood pressure

d) Vasoconstriction of coronary arteries, decreased heart rate

The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue include

Q6.

a) Tonsils, thymus

b) Lymph nodes, spleen

c) Tonsils,peyer's patches
d) Thymus,spleen

07. Indicate whether TRUE or FALSE

i. Atriventricular bundle is part of the conducting system of the heart

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 ii.
The semi-lunar valves cannot open without the support of the chordae tendineae

Q8. The main function ofneutrophils is:

a) Elimination of parasites

b) Protecting against bacterial invasion

c) Mediating allergic reactions

d) Production of antibodies

Q9. The skin plays a role in the manufacture of vitamin

a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D

Q10. Which of the following constitutes the largest solute component of urine?

a) Sodium
b) Potassium
c) Urea
d) Creatine

Q11. A person with no antigen has blood group?

a) A
b) B
c) O
d) AB

O12. What role do the lymphatic vessels have when it comes to fluid movements across capillary

beds?
a) Lymphatic vessels reclaim any fluid from the tissue spaces that doesn't get returned to

the blood.

b) Lymphatic vessels also deliver O2 to tissues.

vessels provide the hydrostatic pressure that drives

filtration.
c) Lymphatic
osmotic pressure the capillaries that reclaims
d) Lymphatic vessels provide the colloid in

wastes from the tissues for transport in the blood.

Q13. The photosensitive pigment responsible for visualizing in the dark is:

a) Rods
b) Visual purple

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 c) Cones
d) Optic disc

Q14. The most inmportant role of theeccrine sweat gland is.

a) milk production
b) stress-induced sweating

c) body temperature regulation

d) earwax production

Q15 The normal haemoglobin level for a female is

a) 9-13 g/100ml
b) 11.5-16.5 g/100ml

c) 12.5-15.4 g/100ml
d) 13-18 g/100ml

Q16.An atom's nucleus contains:

a) protons
b) neutrons
c) electrons and protons

d) protons and neutrons

Q17.The most abundant cation ofthe ECF is and the most abundant anion in the ECF is

a) K*; HPO,2
b) Mg2+; HCO;
c) Ca²*; so2
d) Nat; CIH

Q18. Youwould expect to find fibers in areas that undergo a lot of stretch and rebound.
a) elastic fibers

b) collagen fibers

c) reticular fibers
d) white fibers

Q19. Muscle cells are referred to as

a) muscle fibers

b) muscle spindles
c) muscle myosin
d) muscle actin

Q20. The process whereby excess glucose is stored in cells is called

a) glycogenesis
b) glycogenolysis
c) gluconeogenesis
d) glycolysis

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PARTTWO SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Ql.Draw and label the diagrams Nephron 5

5
Q2. Briefly explain short term blood pressure control

5
Q3.State five (5) functions ofthe vertebral column

Q4. State five (5) hornmones involved in bone development

4
Q5. Outline four ways in which the body loses heat through the skin
6
Q6. Briefly describe the process of urine formation

Q7. State five (5) functions of the liver

Q8. State five (5) factors that affect heart rate

PART THREE: LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

fractured leg following a bodaboda accident.
Q1. Mr. KM is admitted in your ward with
2 mks
bones in the body
a) List four (4)types of 4 mks
of bones
b) State four (4) functions 6 mks
(3)factors that influence bone development
c) Explain three 8 mks
healing
d) Describe the stages of fracture

02.The cell is the basic unit of human being

4
four (4)functions of the
cell membrane
i. State 3
ii. List six (6) cell organelles 3
iii. Outline three (3)cell extensions 10
of cell division
iv. Describe the mitotic phase

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 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

OARDICAL TRAININ

KENYA MEDICAL TRAINING COLLEGE

FACULTY OF DIAGNOSTIC SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES
DIPLOMA IN MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES
YEAR I, SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS (1.1)
I

PAPER: HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

DATE: 06/02/2023 TIME: 3 HOURS 9.00 12.00 NOON

INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of:
Section 1 (20Multiple choice questions)
Section 2 (8short answerquestions)
Section 3 (2long answer question)

2. Attempt ALL Questions

COLLEGE NUMBER on all the answer sheets provided and on the question
3. Write the
paper.

are handed in at the end ofthe examination

4. Ensure that all examination answer scripts

Policy
handled as per the College Examination
5. Any examination malpractices will be

register provided
6. Ensure you sign the examination

COLLEGE NUMBER....

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 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

SECTION 1: MC (20 MARKS)

1. Which of the following cell organelles is involved in protein synthesis?
a) Mitochondrja
b) Lysosome
c) Ribosome
d) Centrosome

2. Non- keratinized squamous epithelial cells are found lining the surfaces of
a) Skin
b) Hair
c) Blood vessels
d) Mouth
3. Connective tissue cells that are responsible for
repair in the body are
a) Adipocytes
b) Fibroblasts

c) Neutrophils
d) Macrophages
4. The blood vessel that carries blood from the
heart to the lungs for oxygenation is
a) Pulmonary vein
b) Portal Vein
c) Coronaryartery
d) Pulmonary artery
5. The function of lymphatic system is

a) Drainage of tissue fluid

b) Production of red blood cells

c) Cell division

d) Repair of damaged tissues

6. The cell nucleusof a normal cell is composed of
a) 23 chromosomes
b) 46 chromosomes
c) 46 pairs ofchromosomes
d) 46 DNA molecules

7. Which of the following plays a role in respiration?

a) Intercostal muscles

b) Cardiac sphincter
c) Pyloric sphincter
d) Subdural space

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 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

8. The left lung is

made up of
a) 3 lobes

b) 5 lobes

c) 2lobes
d) 1lobe

9. One of the following is a cartilage that formsthe larynx

a) Soft palate
b) Vocal cords
c) Cricoid
d) Pharynx
10. The type of epithelium that lines the upper part of trachea is
a) Ciliated columnar
b) Simplesquamous
c) Stratified squamous
d) Simplecuboidal
11.Exchange ofgases betweenblood in the capillaries and the body cells is referred to as
a) Alveolar ventilation
b) External respiration
c) Vital capacity
d) Internal respiration

12. Composition of gastricjuice includes

a) Trypsinogen

b) Hydrochloric acid
c) Enterokinase
d) Sodium taurocholate
13. The middle section the small of intestine is known as

a) Ileum
b) Duodenum
c) Caecum
d) Jejunum
14.The muscle that controls contents from the stomach to the small intestine is

a) Pyloric sphincter
b) Ileo-caecal valve

c) Cardiac sphincter
d) Gastric muscle
15.Blood rich in nutrients from the small intestine is taken to the liver via

a) Hepatic artery
b) Portal vein

c) Hepatic vein
d) Mesenteric artery

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 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

16. The largest part of the brain is

a) Medullaoblongata
b) Pons
c) Cerebrum
d) Cerebellum
17. Exocrine function ofthe pancreas is

a) Production of glucagon
b) Production of trypsinogen
c) Production of pancreatic juice
d) Production of enterokinase
18. The outer layer of the heart is

a) Endocardium
b) Pericardium

c) Myocardium
d) Mediastinum
19. Adiposetissue isresponsible for
a) Secretion of substances
b) Absorption of fluids
c) Maintenance of body temperature

d) Immunityofthe body
20. Skeletal and cardiac muscles have the following similarities?

a) Both are involuntary

b) Both have striations

c) Both are attached to the skeleton

d) They are all voluntary

SECTION 2:SHORTANSWER QUESTIONS (40 MARKS)

21. Describe the metaphasestage of cell division (5marks)
22. List any five (5)functions of the Liver (5 marks)

23. Enumerateany five (5) ingredients of pancreatic juice (5marks)

24. Draw and clearly label the diagram of a human heart (5marks)
25. Name any (5) parts of the respiratory system (5 marks)
26. Define the following (5 marks)

a) Peristalsis

b) External respiration

c) Food metabolism

d) Pulmonary circulation
e) Anatomical position

27. List five (5)functions of the skin (5 marks)

28. Name five functions of lymphatic system (5 marks)

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 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

SECTION 3: LONG ANSWER OUESTIONS (40 MARKS)

29. With the aid of a diagram describe the formation of urine (20marks)

30. a) Describe the three sectional planes. Explain how sectional anatomy can provide

a three dimensional (3-D)depiction of the human body or its parts (10marks)

b)Describe functions of human bones (10marks)

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