Calculation Tool for

Sugar Manufacturing
Version 3.0, Last Updated: June 11, 2013 AK & ZI

This page contains necessary instructions that will help you use this calculator to estimate the amount of priority substances
and other chemicals that are manufactured, processed, otherwise used (MPO) and released during sugar manufacturing.

How to use this 1. Click on the "Input-Output" Tab

calculator: 2. Fill out the appropriate amounts in the yellow boxes
3. Scroll down to view the Output Summary
Input summary: For Sugarcane Processing:
1. Enter the quantity of bagasse burned during the reporting year
2. Identify any emission control equipment that is operated
For Sugarbeet Processing
1. Enter the quantity of wet pulp sent to the dryers during the reporting year
2. Identify the fuel type and emission control equipment operated on the dryer(s)
3. Indentify the type of dryer emission control
4. Enter the volume of raw sugar produced during the reporting year.
5. Identify whether sugar is processed through granulators or dryers
6. Enter the volume of raw and thin juices produced during the reporting year.
Output summary: This table gives you the estimated quantity of ChemTRAC priority substances this process
manufactured, processed, otherwise used and released for the reporting year.

Other processes: If your facility has other activities or sources that MPO or release priority substances (chemicals), then you need

Total MPO and Once you have your estimates for activiti(es) or process(es), enter the amounts of MPO and
Releases: release of each substance from each process into the "Calculation of Totals" calculator (available
at www.toronto.ca/chemtrac) to determine if you need to report.

Before you start make For Sugarcane processing:

sure you have: - the quantity of bagasse burned during the reporting year
- identify any emissions control equipment operated
For Sugarbeet processing:
- the quantity of wet pulp sent to the dryers during the reporting year
- identify the fuel type and emissions control equipment operated on the dryer(s)
- the quantity of raw sugar produced during the reporting year
- identify if sugar is processed through granulators,
- the volume of raw and thin juices produced during the reporting year
Note: some of these may not apply to your facility
 Input-Output
Version 3.0, Last Updated: June 11, 2013 AK & ZI

Instructions • This page gathers information related to the sugar processing at your facility and s
substances manufactured, processed, otherwise used (MPO) or released.
You are here Input-Output
• Please provide all the information requested in the yellow cells. If a section does no
• To determine if you need to report, add the amounts shown in the Output Summary
processes or sources in your facility. Then you need to compare the total to the report
• You may use the Calculation of Totals (available at www.toronto.ca/chemtrac) sp
All Substances
Please complete the INPUT table below:
Calculations
For sugarcane processing:
References
Quantity of bagasse burned:
Emission control installed on bagasse boilers: Select

For sugarbeet processing:

Quantity of wet pulp sent to dryers:
Dryer fuel type:
Dryer emission control:
Quantity of raw sugar produced:
Is sugar processed through a granulator or dryer? Select

Quantity of raw juice processed in carbonation tanks:

Quantity of thin juice processed in evaporation tanks:

OUTPUT SUMMARY (Only ChemTRAC priority substances)

ChemTRAC Priority Substances

Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
PAHs
Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
1
Definitions available on References tab.
ocessing at your facility and shows the estimated amounts of priority
PO) or released.
ow cells. If a section does not apply to your facility, leave it blank.
hown in the Output Summary table to any other MPOs or releases from other
ompare the total to the reporting thresholds.
www.toronto.ca/chemtrac) spreadsheet to calculate the totals.

Unit Conversion Table

1 pounds =
kg/yr 1 tons (US) =
Select 1 tons (UK) =
1 tonnes (metric) =
kg/yr 1 litres =
Select 1 gallons (UK) =
Select 1 cubic metres (m3) =
kg/yr 1 U.S. barrel* =
Select

gallons (US)/yr
gallons (US)/yr

priority substances)
Quantity (kg/yr)
Manufactured1 Processed1 Otherwise Released to
Used1 Air1
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Conversion Table
0.454 kg
907.1847 kg
1016.047 kg
1000 kg
0.264 gallons (US)
1.20 gallons (US)
264.2 gallons (US)
53.0 gallons (US)
 Summary of Calculations
Version 3.0, Last Updated: June 11, 2013 AK & ZI

Instructions This page provides a summary of the estimated quantities of all substances manufacture
and/or released.

Input-Output
Quantit
ChemTRAC Priority
CAS #
Substances Manufactured
You are here
All Substances Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 0.0
Acrolein 107-02-8 0.0
Calculations
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) 11104-93-1 0.0
References PAHs n/a 0.0
Particulate Matter (PM2.5) n/a 0.0
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) n/a 0.0
Other Substances
2,4-dimethylphenol 105-67-9 0.0
2-methylnaphthalene 91-57-6 0.0
2-methylphenol 95-48-7 0.0
2-nitrophenol 99-75-5 0.0
4-methylphenol 106-44-5 0.0
4-nitrophenol 100-02-7 0.0
Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 0.0
Benzaldehyde 100-52-7 0.0
Benzoic acid 65-85-0 0.0
Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 0.0
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 117-81-7 0.0
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 0.0
Carbon Monoxide 630-08-0 0.0
Crotonaldehyde 123-73-9 0.0
Dibenzofuran 132-64-9 0.0
Diethylphthalate 94-66-2 0.0
Di-n-butylphthalate 84-74-2 0.0
Formaldehyde 50-00-0 0.0
Methane 74-82-8 0.0
Naphthalene 91-20-3 0.0
Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 0.0
Phenanthrene 85-01-8 0.0
Phenol 108-95-2 0.0
PM n/a 0.0
PM10 n/a 0.0
Pyridine 110-86-1 0.0
Sulphur Dioxide 7446-09-5 0.0
n/a - not applicable

Calculations
l substances manufactured, processed, otherwise used

Quantity (kg/yr)
Otherwise Released to
Processed
Used Air
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0

lculations
Calculations
Version 3.0, Last Updated: June 11, 2013 AK & ZI

• This page provides detailed calculations based on the information provided in the Input table. It also provides sample
calculations and an assessment of emission factor data quality.

• If you have site specific emission factors you may use them in the table below. If you choose to insert your own emission
factor ensure that the units have been converted accordingly.
Sugarcane processing

Emission Factor Emission Data

Process Control Contaminant CAS # (lb/ton) Rate (kg/yr) Quality
Bagasse-Fired Boiler Uncontrolled PM n/a 15.6 0.0 C
PM10(1) n/a 15.2 0.0 D
PM2.5(4) n/a 14.5 0.0 E
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 1560 0.0 A
Nitrogen Oxides 11104-93-1 1.2 0.0 C
PAHs n/a 0.001 0.000 D
Mechanical collector PM n/a 8.4 0.0 D
PM10 n/a 8.2 0.0 D
PM2.5(4) n/a 7.8 0.0 E
Carbon Dioxide (2)
124-38-9 1560 0.0 A
Nitrogen Oxides(2) 11104-93-1 1.2 0.0 C
PAHs(2) n/a 0.001 0.000 D
Wet scrubber PM n/a 1.4 0.0 A
PM10 n/a 1.36 0.0 D
PM2.5(4) n/a 1.3 0.0 E
Carbon Dioxide(2) 124-38-9 1560 0.0 A
Nitrogen Oxides(2) 11104-93-1 1.2 0.0 C
PAHs(2) n/a 0.001 0.000 D

Emission factor Emission Data

Process Control Contaminant CAS # (kg/tonne) Rate (kg/yr) Quality
Bagasse carting Uncontrolled PM10 n/a 0.00272 0 U
PM2.5(3) n/a 0.00090 0 U
Bagasse crushing Uncontrolled PM10 n/a 0.00567 0 U
PM2.5(3) n/a 0.00187 0 U
Refining - granular carbon Uncontrolled PM10 n/a 0.0066 0 E
regeneration furnace PM2.5(3) n/a 0.00218 0 E
General Uncontrolled VOCs n/a 0.065 0 U
n/a - not applicable
Note (1) - an uncontrolled emission factor for PM10 was not provided. It was assumed that the ratio between uncontrolled PM and PM10 emission
factors would be the same as the ratio between the PM and PM10 emission factors for the wet scrubber.
Note (2) - as per USEPA AP-42 document 9.10.1.2 "Sugarbeet Processing", these control technologies are not anticipated to control NOx, CO 2, PAHs,
so the "uncontrolled" emission factors are used.
Note (3) - bagasse carting and crushing PM2.5 emission were estimated to be 33% of the PM10 emissions, as per data provided by the California EPA
on sugarcane processing.
Note (4) - PM2.5 emission factors for bagasse combustion is not provided. It was assumed that the PM2.5 fraction of total PM would be similar to the
fraction in wood combustion, and the conversion factor from the South Coast Air Quality Management District for wood combustion was used.

Sample Calculations:
For 10,000 kg of bagasse burned in an uncontrolled boiler
PM Emissions = Bagasse consumption (kg/yr) X Emission Factor (lb/ton) X 0.001102 ton/kg X 0.4536 kg/lb
= 10000 kg/yr X 15.6 lb/ton X 0.001102 ton/kg X 0.4536 kg/lb
= 78.0 kg/yr
For 10,000 kg of raw sugar produced
 VOC Emissions = Raw sugar production (kg/yr) X Emission Factor (kg/tonne) X 1 tonne/1000 kg
= 10000 kg/yr X 0.065 kg/tonne X 1 tonne/1000 kg
= 0.65 kg/yr

Sugarbeet processing

Emission Factor Emission Data

Process Control Contaminant CAS # (lb/ton) Rate (kg/yr) Quality
Coal-fired pulp dryer Uncontrolled(13) PM n/a 4.4 0.0 D
PM2.5(7) n/a 0.66 0.0 D
VOC n/a 1.2 0.0 D
Nitrogen Oxides 11104-93-1 0.66 0.0 D
Sulphur Dioxide 7446-09-5 0.79 0.0 D
Carbon Monoxide 630-08-0 2.3 0.0 D
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 370 0.0 D
Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 0.015 0.0 E
Acrolein 107-02-8 0.0076 0.0 E
Crotonaldehyde 123-73-9 0.002 0.0 E
Formaldehyde 50-00-0 0.0071 0.0 E
2-methylnaphthalene 91-57-6 0.000017 0.0 E
2-nitrophenol 99-75-5 0.00018 0.0 E
2-methylphenol 95-48-7 0.000034 0.0 E
2,4-dimethylphenol 105-67-9 0.000025 0.0 E
4-methylphenol 106-44-5 0.00013 0.0 E
4-nitrophenol 100-02-7 0.00014 0.0 E
Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 0.0000017 0.0 E
Benzaldehyde 100-52-7 0.0014 0.0 E
Benzoic acid 65-85-0 0.0028 0.0 E
Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 0.000071 0.0 E
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 0.0015 0.0 E
Di-n-butylphthalate 84-74-2 0.000052 0.0 E
Dibenzofuran 132-64-9 0.000011 0.0 E
Diethylphthalate 94-66-2 0.0000098 0.0 E
Naphthalene 91-20-3 0.00011 0.0 E
Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 0.000019 0.0 E
Phenanthrene 85-01-8 0.000012 0.0 E
Phenol 108-95-2 0.00032 0.0 E
Total PAHs n/a n/a 0.000 E
Multiclone(13) PM n/a 0.66 0.0 B
PM2.5 (7)
n/a 0.099 0.0 B
VOC n/a 1.2 0.0 D
Nitrogen Oxides 11104-93-1 0.66 0.0 D
Sulphur Dioxide 7446-09-5 0.79 0.0 D
Carbon Monoxide 630-08-0 2.3 0.0 D
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 370 0.0 D
Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 0.015 0.0 E
Acrolein 107-02-8 0.0076 0.0 E
Crotonaldehyde 123-73-9 0.002 0.0 E
Formaldehyde 50-00-0 0.0071 0.0 E
2-methylnaphthalene 91-57-6 0.000017 0.0 E
2-nitrophenol 99-75-5 0.00018 0.0 E
2-methylphenol 95-48-7 0.000034 0.0 E
2,4-dimethylphenol 105-67-9 0.000025 0.0 E
4-methylphenol 106-44-5 0.00013 0.0 E
4-nitrophenol 100-02-7 0.00014 0.0 E
Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 0.0000017 0.0 E
Benzaldehyde 100-52-7 0.0014 0.0 E
Benzoic acid 65-85-0 0.0028 0.0 E
Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 0.000071 0.0 E
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 0.0015 0.0 E
Di-n-butylphthalate 84-74-2 0.000052 0.0 E
Dibenzofuran 132-64-9 0.000011 0.0 E
 Diethylphthalate 94-66-2 0.0000098 0.0 E
Naphthalene 91-20-3 0.00011 0.0 E
Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 0.000019 0.0 E
Phenanthrene 85-01-8 0.000012 0.0 E
Phenol 108-95-2 0.00032 0.0 E
Total PAHs n/a n/a 0.000 E
Wet scrubber(13) PM n/a 0.49 0.0 D
PM2.5(7) n/a 0.0735 0.0 D
VOC n/a 1.2 0.0 D
Nitrogen Oxides 11104-93-1 0.66 0.0 D
Sulphur Dioxide 7446-09-5 0.79 0.0 D
Carbon Monoxide 630-08-0 2.3 0.0 D
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 370 0.0 D
Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 0.015 0.0 E
Acrolein 107-02-8 0.0076 0.0 E
Crotonaldehyde 123-73-9 0.002 0.0 E
Formaldehyde 50-00-0 0.0071 0.0 E
2-methylnaphthalene 91-57-6 0.000017 0.0 E
2-nitrophenol 99-75-5 0.00018 0.0 E
2-methylphenol 95-48-7 0.000034 0.0 E
2,4-dimethylphenol 105-67-9 0.000025 0.0 E
4-methylphenol 106-44-5 0.00013 0.0 E
4-nitrophenol 100-02-7 0.00014 0.0 E
Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 0.0000017 0.0 E
Benzaldehyde 100-52-7 0.0014 0.0 E
Benzoic acid 65-85-0 0.0028 0.0 E
Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 0.000071 0.0 E
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 117-81-7 0.0015 0.0 E
Di-n-butylphthalate 84-74-2 0.000052 0.0 E
Dibenzofuran 132-64-9 0.000011 0.0 E
Diethylphthalate 94-66-2 0.0000098 0.0 E
Naphthalene 91-20-3 0.00011 0.0 E
Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 0.000019 0.0 E
Phenanthrene 85-01-8 0.000012 0.0 E
Phenol 108-95-2 0.00032 0.0 E
Total PAHs n/a n/a 0.0000 E
Natural gas-fired pulp dryer Uncontrolled PM2.5(8)(11) n/a 4.6 0 D
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 156 0 D
Multiclone PM2.5(8) n/a 0.69 0 D
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 156 0 D
Wet scrubber PM2.5(8) n/a 0.19 0 D
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 156 0 D
Fuel oil-fired pulp dryer Uncontrolled PM(12) n/a 0.6 0 D
PM2.5(9) n/a 0.5802 0 D
VOC n/a 0.11 0 D
Methane 74-82-8 0.028 0 D
Nitrogen Oxides 11104-93-1 0.6 0 D
Sulphur Dioxide 7446-09-5 1 0 D
Carbon Monoxide 630-08-0 1 0 D
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 430 0 D
Cyclone PM n/a 1.4 0 C
PM2.5(9) n/a 1.3538 0 C
VOC n/a 0.11 0 D
Methane 74-82-8 0.028 0 D
Nitrogen Oxides 11104-93-1 0.6 0 D
Sulphur Dioxide 7446-09-5 1 0 D
Carbon Monoxide 630-08-0 1 0 D
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 430 0 D
Dry scrubber and PM n/a 1.1 0 D
cyclone PM2.5(9) n/a 1.0637 0 D
VOC n/a 0.11 0 D
Methane 74-82-8 0.028 0 D
 Nitrogen Oxides 11104-93-1 0.6 0 D
Sulphur Dioxide 7446-09-5 1 0 D
Carbon Monoxide 630-08-0 1 0 D
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 430 0 D
Multiclone PM n/a 0.6 0 D
PM2.5(9) n/a 0.5802 0 D
VOC n/a 0.11 0 D
Methane 74-82-8 0.028 0 D
Nitrogen Oxides 11104-93-1 0.6 0 D
Sulphur Dioxide 7446-09-5 1 0 D
Carbon Monoxide 630-08-0 1 0 D
Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 430 0 D
Mechanical centrifugal
separator with water
Sugar granulator sprays PM2.5(10) n/a 0.064 0.00 D
Mechanical centrifugal
separator with water
Sugar cool sprays PM2.5(10) n/a 0.13 0.00 D

Emission factor Emission

Process Control Contaminant CAS # (kg/tonne) Rate (kg/yr)
General Uncontrolled VOCs n/a 0.065 0 U

Emission Factor Emission Data

Process Control Contaminant CAS # (lb/1000 gal) Rate (kg/yr) Quality
First carbonation tank(5) 2-methylnaphthalene 91-57-6 5.10E-07 0.00E+00 D
4-methylphenol 106-44-5 6.60E-07 0.00E+00 D
Benzaldehyde 100-52-7 1.10E-04 0.00E+00 D
Benzoic acid 65-85-0 8.40E-06 0.00E+00 D
Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 5.00E-06 0.00E+00 D
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 117-81-7 1.20E-05 0.00E+00 D
Naphthalene 91-20-3 2.00E-06 0.00E+00 D
Phenanthrene 85-01-8 1.40E-06 0.00E+00 D
Phenol 108-95-2 1.30E-06 0.00E+00 D
Total PAHs n/a n/a 0.00E+00 D
Second carbonation tank(5) Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 4.30E-03 0.00E+00 E
Acrolein 107-02-8 2.40E-04 0.00E+00 E
Crotonaldehyde 123-73-9 3.00E-05 0.00E+00 E
Formaldehyde 50-00-0 1.60E-05 0.00E+00 E
First evaporator(6) Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 6.70E-05 0.00E+00 E
Acrolein 107-02-8 4.20E-07 0.00E+00 E
Crotonaldehyde 123-73-9 1.40E-07 0.00E+00 E
Formaldehyde 50-00-0 7.00E-07 0.00E+00 E
Benzaldehyde 100-52-7 2.20E-06 0.00E+00 E
Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 1.80E-07 0.00E+00 E
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 117-81-7 3.70E-07 0.00E+00 E
Di-n-butylphthalate 84-74-2 1.10E-09 0.00E+00 E
Naphthalene 91-20-3 2.50E-08 0.00E+00 E
Phenanthrene 85-01-8 1.60E-08 0.00E+00 E
Phenol 108-95-2 1.20E-08 0.00E+00 E
Pyridine 110-86-1 3.40E-08 0.00E+00 E
Total PAHs n/a n/a 0.00E+00 E
Note (5) - emission factor is given in pounds per thousand gallons of raw juice produced.
Note (6) - emission factor is given in pounds per thousand gallons of thin juice produced.
Note (7) - as per the South Coast Air Quality Management District, it was assumed that 15% of PM emissions from the coal-fired pulp dryer are PM2.5.
Note (8) - as per USEPA AP-42 document 1.4 "Natural Gas Combustion", particulate matter produced was assumed to be PM2.5.
Note (9) - as per the South Coast Air Quality Management District, it was assumed that 96.7% of PM emissions from the fuel-fired dryer are PM2.5.
Note (10) - all PM emissions assumed to be PM2.5.
Note (11) - an uncontrolled emission factor for PM2.5 was not provided. It was assumed that the ratio between the uncontrolled PM2.5
emission factor and the multiclone PM2.5 emission factor for natural gas-fired pulp dryers would be the same as the ratio between the
uncontrolled PM2.5 emission factor and the multiclone PM2.5 emission factor for coal-fired pulp dryers.
Note (12) - an uncontrolled emission factor for PM2.5 was not provided. It was assumed that the ratio between the uncontrolled PM2.5
emission factor and the multiclone PM2.5 emission factor for fuel oil-fired pulp dryers would be the same as the ratio between the
uncontrolled PM2.5 emission factor and the multiclone PM2.5 emission factor for coal-fired pulp dryers.
Note (13) - emissions of VOCs and PAHs are expected to be the same for uncontrolled coal-fired pulp dryers and for coal-fired pulp-dryers controlled
with multiclones or wet electrostatic precipitators. This is as per footnote c of Table 9.10.1.2-2 of US EPA AP-42 document 9.10.1.2.

Sample Calculations
For 10000 kg of wet pulp sent to an uncontrolled coal-fired dryer
PM Emissions = Pulp dried (kg/yr) X Emission Factor (lb/ton) X 0.001102 ton/kg X 0.4536 kg/lb
= 10000 kg/yr X 4.4 lb/ton X 0.001102 ton/kg X .4536 kg/lb
= 22.0 kg/yr

For 10000 gallons (US) of raw juice processed in first carbonation tank
Phenol Emissions = Raw juice processed (US gal/yr) X Emission Factor (lb/1000 US gal) X 0.4536 kg/lb
= 10000 US gal/yr X 0.0000013 lb/1000 US gal X 0.4536 kg/lb
= 5.90E-06 kg/yr
 Instructions

Input-Output

All Substances

Calculations

You are here References

References

Version 3.0, Last Updated: June 11, 2013 AK & ZI

This page provides all the reference information for the emission factors and assumptions used in the Calculations
spreadsheet. Click on the links below to view the source documents.

Emission factors and an assessment of their data quality are provided in:
the US EPA AP-42 "Bagasse Combustion in Sugar Mills", Section 1.8, 1996
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch01/final/c01s08.pdf
the Australian National Pollutant Inventory "Emission Estimation Technique Manual for Sugar Milling and
Refining", 2001
http://www.npi.gov.au/handbooks/approved_handbooks/pubs/sugar.pdf
the US EPA AP-42 "Sugarbeet Processing", Section 9.10.1.2, 1997
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch09/final/c9s10-1b.pdf
Additional supporting information provided in:
South Coast Air Quality Management District "Final –Methodology to Calculate Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 and
PM 2.5 Significance Thresholds", 2006
http://www.aqmd.gov/ceqa/handbook/PM2_5/finalAppA.doc
the California Environmental Protection Agency Air Resources Board

http://www.arb.ca.gov/app/emsinv/emseic_query.php?F_YR=2008&F_DIV=-4&F_SEASON=A&SP=2009&SPN=2
the US EPA AP-42 "Natural Gas Combustion", Section 1.4, 1998
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch01/final/c01s04.pdf

Definitions1
Manufacture - To produce, prepare or compound a priority substance and includes the conincidental production of a
priority.substance as a by-product.
Process - The preparation of a priority substance, after its manufacture, for commercial distribution and includes the
preparation of a substance in the same physical state or chemical form as that received by the facility, or preparation which
produces a change in physical state or chemical form.
Otherwise Use - Any use, disposal or release of a priority substance at a facility that does not fall under the definitions of
"manufacture" or "process." This includes the use of the priority substance as a chemical processing aid, manufacturing aid or
some other use.
Release - The emission or discharge of a priority substance, whether intentional, accidental or coincidental, from a facility
into the environment.

1 For details refer to the Environmental Reporting and Disclosure Bylaw available at the ChemTRAC website.
Copyright (C) 2010, City of Toronto

This tool is provided solely as an aid, and the City of Toronto makes no representation or warranty as to its
applicability to your facility or to your obligation to comply with the Environmental Reporting and Disclosure
Bylaw (Municipal Code Chapter 423). It is the responsibility of each facility owner or operator to take the
necessary steps to ensure compliance with the bylaw.