PW 01: measure the volume flow rate
Introduction:
Fluid mechanics aims to precisely describe the movement of fluid particles within a flow, by
linking it to the different forces present.
In this field, it is essential to be able to know the quantity of fluid that circulates inside the
different elements (pumps, piping, etc.). Consequently, it is necessary to define the concept of
flow rate.
Flow rate is the quantity of matter (expressed by a mass or volume) that passes through this
section at each unit of time. There are two types of flow rate: mass flow Q m and volume flow
rate Q v
In this practical work we will use the hydraulic bench. To measure the flow rate that crosses
it, by supplying it with water.
Objective To measure the volume flow rate at various valve positions using the volumetric
tank of the hydraulic bench.
Apparatus
Water is stored in a sump tank in the lower part. A centrifugal pump is provided to draw the
water from the sump tank through a control valve to an outlet in the bed of the open channel.
After passing through testing unit, water is collected in the volumetric measuring tank which
is stepped to accommodate high and low flow rates. The volumetric tank incorporates a
stilling baffle and remote sight tube with calibrated volumetric scale. A dump valve at the
base of the tank returns water to the sump tank for recycling. An overflow opening is
incorporated on the stilling baffle to prevent overtopping if the dump valve is left closed.
Procedure
1. Ensure that the Hydraulic Bench is placed on a level ground with locked wheels and that
the sump tank of the Hydraulic Bench is approximately 90% full.
2. Direct the water supply from Hydraulic Bench into the volumetric tank using appropriate
connector and hose. Then, fasten the hose with hose clip.
3. Fully close the flow control valve then switch on the main switch to run pump
4. Gradually open the flow control valve and allow the piping to fill with water until all air
has been expelled from the system
5. as the water level rises in the tank mesure the amount of time taken to fill a portion of the
sump tank by observing the sight gauge
6. repeat the observation for various flow rate use a measuring cylinder instead of the
volumetric tank, when small flow rates occur
Experiment no.1
Objective: To Evaluate/Study the working of hydraulic bench and measure the volume flow
rate.
Apparatus:
Hydraulic bench
Stop watch
Introduction:
Hydraulic bench is a volumetric flow measurement apparatus that consists of a water
receptacle
present at the bottom, through which water is pumped up to an open channel through a control
valve by a centrifugal pump. This water is finally discharged into the volumetric tank and the
change in level of water in the volumetric tank, as given by the calibrated scale, gives the
flow .rate
Main parts of Hydraulic bench:
1. Water Reservoir: Stores the working fluid, typically water, and often includes a level
indicator.
2. Pump: Responsible for moving water from the reservoir with advanced controls for
precise flow rate adjustments.
3. Flow Control Valve: Allows for precise regulation of water flow rates, crucial for
advanced experiments.
4. Pressure Gauge: An advanced hydraulic bench may have multiple pressure gauges at
different points in the system for detailed pressure monitoring
Experiment no.1
Objective: To Evaluate/Study the working of hydraulic bench and measure the volume flow
rate.
Apparatus:
Hydraulic bench
Stop watch
Introduction:
Hydraulic bench is a volumetric flow measurement apparatus that consists of a water
receptacle
present at the bottom, through which water is pumped up to an open channel through a control
valve by a centrifugal pump. This water is finally discharged into the volumetric tank and the
change in level of water in the volumetric tank, as given by the calibrated scale, gives the
flow .rate
Main parts of Hydraulic bench:
1. Water Reservoir: Stores the working fluid, typically water, and often includes a level
indicator.
2. Pump: Responsible for moving water from the reservoir with advanced controls for
precise flow rate adjustments.
3. Flow Control Valve: Allows for precise regulation of water flow rates, crucial for
advanced experiments.
4. Pressure Gauge: An advanced hydraulic bench may have multiple pressure gauges at
different points in the system for detailed pressure monitoring
exercise draw graph between flow rate and time
