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Lesson No 15

A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that share resources and information, enabling efficient data exchange for applications like email and file sharing. Modern networks are essential for businesses, offering flexibility, automation, and security, while basic terminologies include nodes, protocols, and IP addresses. Key features of modern networks include virtual operation, large-scale connectivity, quick adaptability, and enhanced data security.

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18 views2 pages

Lesson No 15

A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that share resources and information, enabling efficient data exchange for applications like email and file sharing. Modern networks are essential for businesses, offering flexibility, automation, and security, while basic terminologies include nodes, protocols, and IP addresses. Key features of modern networks include virtual operation, large-scale connectivity, quick adaptability, and enhanced data security.

Uploaded by

copadhule
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Basics of Computer Networking

A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that share resources and


information. These devices can include computers, servers, printers, and other
hardware. Networks allow for the efficient exchange of data, enabling various
applications such as email, file sharing, and internet browsing.

How Does a Computer Network Work?

Basics building blocks of a Computer network are Nodes and Links. A Network Node can
be illustrated as Equipment for Data Communication like a Modem, Router, etc., or
Equipment of a Data Terminal like connecting two computers or more. Link in Computer
Networks can be defined as wires or cables or free space of wireless networks.
The working of Computer Networks can be simply defined as rules or protocols which
help in sending and receiving data via the links which allow Computer networks to
communicate. Each device has an IP Address, that helps in identifying a device.

What do Computer Networks do?

Computer networks first developed in 1950 for military and defense purpose. At that time
they are mainly used to send data through telephone lines and had limited use in busi-
ness or science.
Today computer networks are essential for businesses also. Modern networks offer more
than just connecting devices. They play a key role in helping businesses adapt to the
digital world and succeed. These networks have become more flexible, automated, and
secure, making them even more important in today’s business environment.

Modern computer networks can:

 Work Virtually: The physical network can be divided into smaller virtual networks. In
these virtual networks, devices are connected and can send data through multiple
physical routes. For example, many business networks use the internet this way.
 Connect on a Large Scale: Modern networks link many smaller, spread-out
networks into one big, powerful system. Automation and monitoring tools help
manage and adjust the network as needed, allowing it to grow or shrink based on
demand.
 Adapt Quickly: Many networks are controlled by software, so changes can be made
quickly through a digital dashboard. This allows traffic to be managed easily.
 Keep Data Secure: Built-in security features like encryption and access control
protect data. Additional protections like antivirus software, firewalls, and malware
protection can be added to strengthen network security.
Basic Terminologies of Computer Networks

 Network: A network is a collection of computers and devices that are connected


together to enable communication and data exchange.

 Nodes: Nodes are devices that are connected to a network. These can include
computers, Servers, Printers, Routers, Switches, and other devices.

 Protocol: A protocol is a set of rules and standards that govern how data is
transmitted over a network. Examples of protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP, and FTP.
 Topology: Network topology refers to the physical and logical arrangement of nodes
on a network. The common network topologies include bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree.

 Service Provider Networks: These types of Networks give permission to take


Network Capacity and Functionality on lease from the Provider. Service Provider
Networks include Wireless Communications, Data Carriers, etc.

 IP Address: An IP address is a unique numerical identifier that is assigned to every


device on a network. IP addresses are used to identify devices and enable
communication between them.

 DNS: The Domain Name System (DNS) is a protocol that is used to translate human-
readable domain names (such as www.google.com) into IP addresses that computers
can understand.

 Firewall: A firewall is a security device that is used to monitor and control incoming
and outgoing network traffic. Firewalls are used to protect networks from
unauthorized access and other security threats.

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