Forces
and
Motion
Teachers
Guide:
Notes
added
below
in
RED
This
activity
was
used
in
a
7th
grade
science
classroom.
The
students
used
only
the
first
tab
of
the
Forces
and
Motion
sim
to
complete
the
activity.
Name____________________________________________
Grade____________________________________________
Pre
Lab
Joe
needs
to
push
a
file
cabinet
across
the
room.
He
begins
by
just
looking
at
it.
(Scene
1)
He
then
begins
pushing
on
the
file
cabinet.
At
first,
the
file
cabinet
does
not
move.
(Scene
2)
Then
the
file
cabinet
begins
to
slide.
(Scene
3)
Scene
1:
Scene
2:
Scene
3:
Joe
not
pushing
Joe
pushing
but
cabinet
not
Joe
pushing
and
cabinet
moving
moving
a. Use
words
and
pictures
to
describe
all
the
forces
you
think
are
acting
on
the
cabinet
in
each
scene.
b. Why
do
you
think
the
file
cabinet
moves
in
scene
3
but
not
in
scene
1
or
2?
c. If
the
floor
is
covered
with
ice,
how
would
the
motion
of
the
cabinet
change?
Forces
and
Motion
1
Forces
and
Motion
2
This
page
is
blank
Forces
and
Motion
3
Name____________________________________________
Grade____________________________________________
Forces
in
1D
Learning
Objectives:
• Be
able
to
identify
when
an
object
is
being
acted
upon
by
unbalanced
forces.
• Be
able
to
predict
the
change
in
motion
when
a
force
is
applied
to
an
object.
Part
1:
Understanding
balanced
and
unbalanced
forces
1. Open
the
Forces
and
Motion
Simulation
by
clicking
the
icon
on
your
computer’s
screen.
2. Play
with
the
first
tab
of
the
sim
for
about
5
minutes.
What
do
you
find?
I
encourage
the
students
to
spend
at
least
a
few
minutes
just
playing
with
the
sim
at
the
beginning
of
an
activity.
This
helps
students
orient
to
tools
available,
develop
ownership
over
controlling
the
simulation
and
gets
some
of
the
giggles
out
of
the
way
so
they
can
focus
on
the
activity
when
open
play
is
done.
3. Using
the
simulation
for
help,
draw
pictures
showing
Joe,
the
file
cabinet
and
force
arrows.
Scene
1:
Scene
2:
Scene
3:
Joe
not
pushing
Joe
pushing
but
cabinet
not
Joe
pushing
and
cabinet
moving
moving
4. Describe
what
is
necessary
to
start
the
file
cabinet
moving.
5. Compare
the
Applied
Force
arrow
and
the
Friction
Force
arrow.
a. What
is
similar?
b. What
is
different?
6. Use
your
answers
to
#5
to
say
whether
the
forces
are
balanced
or
unbalanced
in
each
scene.
Forces
and
Motion
4
Part
2:
Understanding
Applied,
Friction
and
Total
Force
7. How
can
you
make
the
Friction
Force
arrow
longer?
8. Apply
enough
force
to
move
the
cabinet.
a. What
do
you
think
happens
to
the
Friction
Force
arrow
when
you
stop
applying
force
(no
Applied
Force
arrow)?
b. What
do
you
think
happens
to
the
Friction
Force
once
the
cabinet
stops
moving?
9. How
would
you...
a. ...describe
Friction
Force?
b. ...describe
Applied
Force?
Teacher
led
discussion:
Compare
applied
and
friction
forces.
This
would
be
a
time
for
students
to
say
what
they
thought
the
friction
and
applied
force
arrows
meant.
The
friction
force
arrow
can
be
difficult
for
the
students,
as
it’s
harder
to
imagine
the
ground
pushing
back.
This
discussion
time
be
used
as
an
opportunity
to
briefly
discuss
friction
and
even
compare
what
happens
with
and
without
friction
(ground
as
ice
or
wood).
10. Have
Joe
move
a
new
object.
How
is
moving
this
object
different
from
moving
the
file
cabinet?
11. In
the
table,
draw
the
Total
Force
arrow
for
the
different
cases:
Scene
1:
Scene
2:
Scene
3:
Joe
not
pushing
Joe
pushing
but
dog
not
moving
Joe
pushing
and
dog
moving
12. Can
you
find
3
different
ways
to
make
the
Total
Force
arrow
change?
List
them
here:
Forces
and
Motion
5
13.
In
your
own
words,
what
is
Total
Force?
14. For
each
case,
draw
the
Total
Force
arrow.
Write
which
direction
you
think
the
object
is
moving
and
whether
it
will
speed
up
or
slow
down.
a.
b.
c.
Forces
and
Motion
6
Part
3:
Understanding
Force
and
Change
in
Speed
This
section
is
asking
students
to
notice
acceleration
(how
fast
an
object
changes
speed).
While
it’s
not
necessary
that
they
know
the
term
‘acceleration’,
from
using
the
simulation
they
may
be
able
to
make
some
qualitative
observations
about
how
objects
change
speed.
(A
greater
force
causes
greater
acceleration,
while
a
smaller
force
causes
less
acceleration).
If
the
concept
of
acceleration
is
not
something
you
want
to
introduce,
take
out
Part
3.
Depending
on
your
learning
objectives,
you
might
want
to
delve
deeper
into
this
concept,
and
maybe
even
go
to
the
third
tab
and
have
students
plot
acceleration.
15.
a. Give
the
sleepy
dog
a
little
push...
...how
much
does
the
dogs
speed
change?
b. Give
the
sleepy
dog
a
big
push...
...how
much
does
the
dogs
speed
change?
16.
Using
your
answers
to
Question
#15,
what
general
statement
can
you
make
about
the
relationship
between
the
applied
force
and
how
fast
an
object
changes
its
speed.
Forces
and
Motion
7
Name____________________________________________
Grade____________________________________________
Post
Lab
1.
Joe
needs
to
push
a
file
cabinet
across
the
room.
He
begins
by
just
looking
at
it.
(Scene
1)
He
then
begins
pushing
on
the
file
cabinet.
At
first,
the
file
cabinet
does
not
move.
(Scene
2)
Then
the
file
cabinet
begins
to
slide.
(Scene
3)
Scene
1:
Scene
2:
Scene
3:
Joe
not
pushing
Joe
pushing
but
cabinet
not
Joe
pushing
and
cabinet
moving
moving
a. Use
words
and
pictures
to
describe
all
the
forces
you
think
are
acting
on
the
cabinet
in
each
scene.
b. Why
do
you
think
the
file
cabinet
moves
in
scene
3
but
not
in
scene
1
or
2?
c. What
do
you
think
Joe
could
do
to
make
the
cabinet
move
faster?
d. If
the
floor
is
covered
with
ice,
how
would
the
motion
of
the
cabinet
change?
e. What
would
be
different
if
Joe
was
moving
a
book,
instead
of
a
file
cabinet.
Forces
and
Motion
8
2. How
useful
for
your
learning
was
this
science
activity,
compared
to
other
science
class
activities?
(circle)
More
useful
About
the
same
Less
useful
How
enjoyable
was
this
science
class
activity,
compared
to
other
science
class
activities?
(circle)
More
enjoyable
About
the
same
Less
enjoyable
Why
did
you
or
did
you
not
find
it
useful
or
enjoyable?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Forces
and
Motion
9