Regional Dialogue on Corruption and Human Rights
Human Rights and Anti-Corruption:
Mutually Reinforcing Drivers to Advance Regional Efforts
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
1 - 2 October 2024
I. Background
The United Nations Convention against Corruption is the only legally binding, international anti
corruption instrument. UNO DC is its guardian. The Convention sets out a guiding framework for States
parties and is unique in its holistic approach, covering prevention and enforcement measures and,
recognizing the transnational nature of corruption, provides an international legal basis for enabling
international cooperation and recovering the proceeds of corruption. The important role of
government, the private sector and civil society in addressing corruption is also emphasized.
OHCHR is the leading UN entity on human rights and supports governments in strengthening the
promotion and protection of human rights, while also empowering people through increased
awareness and engagement on human rights issues. The nine core human rights treaties are central
to the work and activities of OHCHR, and each of these instruments has established a committee of
experts to monitor implementation of the treaty provisions by its States parties. OHCHR aims to
support the integration of human rights into UN programming, including on anti-corruption.
The mutually reinforcing nature of anti-corruption and human rights has been recognized by the
General Assembly in its political declaration underlying the special session against corruption in June
2021, where Member States pledged to prevent and combat corruption in a manner consistent with
their obligations with regard to and respect for all human rights, justice, democracy and the rule of law
at all levels. Member States also expressed concern about the negative impact that all forms of
corruption can have on access to basic services and the enjoyment of all human rights, and recognized
that it can exacerbate poverty and inequality and may disproportionately affect the most
disadvantaged individuals in society. They noted that loss of resources caused by corruption may
constitute a substantial proportion of the resources of States and that such losses may undermine
citizens' trust and negatively impact governance and the enjoyment of all human rights.
In resolution 10/1, the Conference of the States Parties to UNCAC also reiterated that active
participation of society is integral to complementing States efforts in addressing corruption and urged
States parties to put in place and effectively implement policies and practices, within their means and
in accordance with the fundamental principles of their domestic laws, that allow individuals and
groups outside the public sector to be able to contribute in this regard, also thereby promoting
accountability, including through the full and effective implementation of article 13 of the Convention.
The Conference also called upon States parties to make efforts so that the conditions are present for
with the support of
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Calls to develop policies on the right to information based on UNCAC and UN Human Rights
Instruments;
Build awareness on whistle-blower protection in line with UNCAC and UN Human Rights
instruments;
Identify legislation to strengthen the independence and effectiveness of institutions that
investigate, prosecute and adjudicate corruption-related offences, based on UNCAC reviews
and UN Human Rights instruments; and
Consider establishing specialized funds for confiscated assets to be used for, among areas, the
promotion of human rights.
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UNODC also participated in the call for pledges to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the Universal
Declaration on Human Rights and committed to strengthening efforts to mainstream human rights in
anti-corruption programming and strengthen the human rights focus of its work by developing a brief
on the interlinkages between human rights and corruption.