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2. Installation and Configuration of Android (6 marks)

An Operating System (OS) is a system software that manages computer hardware and software, serving as an interface between users and hardware. It performs various functions including process management, memory management, and device management, and comes in different types such as Batch OS and Real-time OS. The document also discusses the Java Development Kit (JDK) and Android SDK, detailing their components and tools for developing applications on respective platforms.

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8 views

2. Installation and Configuration of Android (6 marks)

An Operating System (OS) is a system software that manages computer hardware and software, serving as an interface between users and hardware. It performs various functions including process management, memory management, and device management, and comes in different types such as Batch OS and Real-time OS. The document also discusses the Java Development Kit (JDK) and Android SDK, detailing their components and tools for developing applications on respective platforms.

Uploaded by

sandeshlahane901
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operating System

An Operating System is a system software which manages, operates and


communicates with the computer hardware and software.
An OS is defined as an interface between user and hardware.

The main job of OS is to provide resources and services to the user.


OS is also called as resources manager.
Example:
Windows, Linux, MacOS, etc.

Functions of OS
1. Process Management
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2. Memory management
3. File management
4. Device management
5. Protection and security
6. User interface
7. Booting the computer
8. Resource management
9. Program execution
10. I/O operations
11. Communications
12. Error Detection

Types of OS
1. Batch OS
2. Multi-programmed OS
3. Time shared OS
4. Multiprocessor OS
5. Mainframe OS
6. Distributed OS
7. Real time OS
8. Mobile OS
9. Android OS
10. iOS
11. Network OS

Java JDK
JDK stands for Java Development Kit.
The JDK is a software development environment for developing Java
applications and applets.

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The JDK is a software package that contains a variety of tools and utilities
that make it possible to develop package, monitor and deploy applications
that build for any standard Java platform, including Java Platform, Standard
Edition (Java SE); Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME); and Java Platform,
Enterprise Edition (Java EE).
The JDK contains a private Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and a few other
resources such as an interpreter/loader (java), a compiler (javac), an archive
(jar), a documentation generator (Javadoc), etc. to complete the
development of a java application.
It physically exists.
It contains JRE + development tools.

 Components of JDK
1. Java Compiler (javac):

 Converts Java source code (.java files) into bytecode (.class files)
that can be executed by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

2. Java Runtime Environment (JRE):

 Provides the runtime environment for executing Java applications.


 Includes the JVM, core libraries, and other supporting files.
 It is also written as Java RTE.
 The JRE is a set of software tools which are used for developing Java
applications.
 It is the implementation of JVM. It physically exists.

3. Java Virtual Machine (JVM):

 Executes the bytecode generated by the Java compiler.


 Ensures platform independence by interpreting the bytecode on
different operating systems.
 JVM is an abstract machine. It is called a virtual machine because it
doesn’t physically exists.
 It can also run those programs which are written in other languages
and complied to Java byte code.
 JVM performs the following tasks:
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i) Loads code
ii) Verifies code
iii)Executes code
iv)Provides runtime environment

4. Development Tools:

 Tools like javac (compiler), java (launcher), jdb (debugger), and


others for application development and debugging.

5. Libraries and APIs:

 A vast set of pre-written libraries and APIs that developers can use
to build applications.

6. Java Doc Tool (javadoc):

 Used for generating documentation from Java source code


comments.

7. Java Archive Tool (jar):

 Packs class files and associated metadata into a single JAR (Java
Archive) file for distribution.

Android SDK (Software Development Kit)


The SDK is a collection of tools, libraries, code samples, documentation, and
other resources that developers use to create applications for a specific
platform, operating system, or programming environment.
The Android SDK is a collection of tools, libraries, APIs, and resources provided by Google that
developers use to create, test, and debug Android applications. It is an essential component for
developing apps for the Android operating system.

The Android SDK is a set of development tools used to develop applications


for Android platform. The android SDK includes:

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i) Required Libraries
ii) Debugger
iii)An emulator
iv)Relevant documentation for android application program interface
(APIs).
v) Sample source code
vi)Tutorial for the Android OS.
Applications are written using java programming language and run on
Dalvik, a custom virtual machine designed for embedded use which runs on
top of a Linux kernel.

Android Development Tools


Android Development Tools is a component for the Android SDK.
It includes the complete set of development and debugging tools for
Android.
It is included with Android Studio.

 Android Development Tools:


1. Android Studio
2. Visual Studio with Xamarin
3. Eclipse

Android Virtual Devices (AVD)


An Android Virtual Device (AVD) is a configuration in the Android
Emulator that simulates the hardware and software characteristics of a
physical Android device.
It allows developers to test and debug Android applications on various
configurations (like screen size, resolution, Android version, etc.) without
requiring physical devices.

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Emulators
An emulator is a software program that mimics the functionality of another
hardware or software system.

The Android Emulator is a tool that simulates Android devices on a


computer. It allows developers to test and debug Android applications
without needing a physical device.

The emulator provides almost all of the capabilities of a real Android device.
You can simulate incoming phone calls and text messages, specify the
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location of the device, simulate different network speeds, simulate rotation
and other hardware sensors, access the Google play store and much more.

Testing your app on the emulator is in some ways faster and easier than
doing so on a physical device.

For example, you can transfer data faster to the emulator than to a device
connected over USB.

How Does an Emulator Work?

 An emulator uses a system image of the Android operating system


and virtualizes the device's hardware components (like CPU, RAM,
GPU, etc.) on the host machine.
 It runs a guest operating system (Android) on the host machine's
resources to simulate a real device environment.

How to Use an Emulator for Android Development?

1. Install Android Studio.


2. Open AVD Manager in Android Studio.
3. Create a new Android Virtual Device (AVD) with desired specifications.
4. Launch the emulator from AVD Manager.
5. Deploy and test your app on the emulator.

 Executes the bytecode generated by the Java compiler.


 Ensures platform independence by interpreting the bytecode on
different operating systems.
 JVM is an abstract machine. It is called a virtual machine because it
doesn’t physically exists.
 It can also run those programs which are written in other languages
and complied to Java byte code.
 JVM performs the following tasks:

v) Loads code
vi)Verifies code
vii) Executes code
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viii) Provides runtime environment

Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM)

 Difference between JVM and DVM

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Steps to Install and Configure Android Studio and
SDK
Step 1: System Requirements
Step 2: Setup Android Studio
Step 3: Create Android Virtual Device

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