Standard-Based Unit Lesson Planning
Standards-based unit planning provides a method for purposefully aligning standards to classroom
activities, assignments and assessments. During the pilot of this process, administrators and teachers
implementing this practice noticed a shift in the school's focus to curriculum and instructional practices.
Teaching
"Noble Teachers make noble plans and by noble deeds they stand"
Counsel
In education, the term standards refers to system instructions, assessment, grading, and academic
reporting that are based on students demonstrating understanding of mastery of the knowledge and
skills they are expected to learn as they progress through their education.
Planning is bringing the future into the present so that you can do something about it now "Alan Lakein
Lesson Planning is one way of planning instructions.
Lesson Planning is a way of visualizing a lesson before it is taught.
According to Scrivener (2005), planning a lesson entails" prediction, anticipation, sequencing,
and simplifying."
Lesson Planning is a critical part of the teaching and learning process.
Objective of Lesson Plan
✔The objective of lesson plan is learning.
✓ Lesson planning helps teachers set learning targets for learners.
✔ It also helps teachers guarantee that learners reach those targets.
✔ By planning lessons teachers are able to see it that daily activities inside the classroom lead to learner
progress and achievement or the attainment of learning outcomes.
Importance of Lesson Planning
Planning lessons increases a teacher's chances of carrying out a lesson successfully. It also allows
teachers to be more confident before starting a lesson.
Lesson planning indicates reflective practice as it allows teachers to think about their teaching.
By planning lessons daily, teachers are able to think about and reflect on different strategies that
work inside the classroom including research- based strategies.
Making a habit of lesson planning ensures that teachers truly facilitate learning and respond to
learners' needs inside the classroom. Additionally, lesson planning helps tea
chers' master learning area content.
"THE TEACHING OF LISTENING AND READING"
TEACHING LISTENING
-Is the ability to accurately receive and interpret messages in the communication process.
Listening is key to all effective communication, without the ability to listen effectively messages are
easily misunderstood – communication breaks down and the sender of the message can easily become
frustrated or irritated.
STRATEGIES
Listening strategies- are techniques or activities that contribute directly to the comprehension and
recall of listening input. Listening strategies can be classified by how the listener processes the input.
1.Top-down strategies- are listener based; the listener taps into background knowledge of the topic, the
situation or context, the type of text, and the language. This background knowledge activates a set of
expectations that help the listener to interpret what is heard and anticipate what will come next.
2. Bottom-up strategies -are text based; the listener relies on the language in the message, that is the
combination of sounds, words, and grammar that creates meaning.
Good listening lessons go beyond the listening task itself with related activities before and after the
listening. Here is the basic structure:
Before Listening
-Prepare your learners by introducing the topic and finding out what they already know about it.
During Listening
-Be specific about what students need to listen for.
After Listening
-Finish with an activity to extend the topic and help students remember new vocabulary.
Noise
-Reduce distractions and noise during the listening segments.
Equipment
-If you are using a CD-player, make sure it produces acceptable sound quality. Bring extra batteries or an
extension cord with you.
Repetition
-Read or play the text of 2-3 times.
Content
-Unless your text is merely a list of items, talk about the content as well as specific language used.
Recording your own tape
- Write appropriate text(or use something from your textbook) and have another English speaker read it
onto tape.
"What are some tips to help teachers develop students listening skills"
1. Promote active listening
2. Identify listening strategies
3. Selecting the most appropriate strategy for presenting the lesson;
4. Allow the students to hear as much of the target language as possible while using a variety of teaching
methods
5. Use authentic materials
6. Ensure the students know the goals of the listening task:
7. Provide opportunities for reflection and discussion.
8. Organize pre-listening activities
9. Be sure to check level of the listening exercise beforehand
TEACHING READING
Teaching reading is a crucial aspect of education that empowers students with the ability to access and
comprehend information, think critically, and communicate effectively. It involves a range of strategies,
methods, and approaches to meet the diverse needs of learners.
Strategies in Teaching Reading
1. Phonics-Based Approach
The phonics approach teaches students the relationship between letters and sounds, helping them
decode words. It is especially useful for early readers as it provides a systematic way to approach
unfamiliar words.
2. Whole Language Approach
This approach emphasizes understanding the meaning of texts rather than focusing solely on decoding
words. It encourages students to recognize words as whole units and comprehend stories by reading in
context.
3. Guided Reading
In guided reading, small groups of students at similar reading levels work with the teacher on a text that
is slightly above their independent reading ability. The teacher provides support by asking questions,
prompting discussions, and guiding students through challenging passages.
4. Explicit Vocabulary Instruction
Vocabulary is taught explicitly by introducing new words in context, explaining their meanings, and
using various activities to reinforce their use.
Effective Methods in Teaching Reading
1. Interactive Read-Alouds
During interactive read-alouds, the teacher reads a book aloud while actively engaging students with
questions, prompts, and discussions.
2. Shared Reading
Shared reading is when the teacher reads a text aloud while students follow along, usually with enlarged
print so that they can see the words.
3. Reader’s Workshop
Reader’s Workshop is a flexible method that includes a mini-lesson on a specific reading strategy,
followed by independent reading time, and concludes with a sharing session where students discuss
what they have read.
4. Scaffolding
Scaffolding is a method where teachers gradually release responsibility to students as they become
more proficient in reading tasks.
SPEAKING is "the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and non- verbal
symbols in a variety of context
Strategies of speaking
1. Practice teaching regularly.
2. Focus on pronunciation
3.Improve your vocabulary
4. Work on your grammar
5.Slow down
6. Use body language and gesture
7.Listen and imitate native speakers
WRITING
The act or art of forming letters and characters on paper,wood,stone or other material for
the purpose of recording ideas which characters and words express,or of communicating
them to other by visible signs.
Techniques For Teaching Writing
●Modeled Writing- use the think aloud strategy talk aloud as you are writing so student can hear your
thought proces●Shared- work with the students on a piece of writing.
Interactive -This technique is similar to shared writing except the teacher and student shared the pen.
Guided-small group setting and apply the skill through independent writing
Collaborative-students work with a partner or group of students to create a piece of writing together.
Independent-students write on their own
VIEWING
It is an active process of attending and comprehending visual media, tofils,diagrams,symbols,
photograph, video, dramas, drawing, sculpture and painting.
Viewing is a process that support oracy and literacy and is a part of interacted language arts program.
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