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python basics

The document provides an overview of Python programming, covering its basics, syntax, variables, data types, input/output, operators, conditional statements, loops, functions, lists, strings, and error handling. It includes examples of simple Python programs such as printing messages, performing arithmetic operations, and checking for prime numbers. The content is structured to serve as a beginner's guide to understanding and writing Python code.

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Suhas Advik
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

python basics

The document provides an overview of Python programming, covering its basics, syntax, variables, data types, input/output, operators, conditional statements, loops, functions, lists, strings, and error handling. It includes examples of simple Python programs such as printing messages, performing arithmetic operations, and checking for prime numbers. The content is structured to serve as a beginner's guide to understanding and writing Python code.

Uploaded by

Suhas Advik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Python Basics
1.1 Python:
Python is a popular programming language known for its simplicity
and readability. It is used for creating applications, websites, and
handling data.
1.2 Syntax:
The set of rules that defines how a Python program is written and
interpreted.

2. Variables and Data Types


2.1 Variables:
A variable is a name that stores a value. For example, x = 10 stores
the value 10 in the variable x.
2.2 Data Types:
These define the kind of data a variable can hold:
• int: Numbers (e.g., 10)
• float: Decimal numbers (e.g., 10.5)
• str: Text or strings (e.g., "Hello")
• bool: True or False values
• list: A collection of items (e.g., [1, 2, 3])
• tuple: Like a list but cannot be changed (e.g., (1, 2, 3))
• dict: A collection of key-value pairs (e.g., {"name": "John",
"age": 25})

3. Input and Output


3.1 Input:
Takes data from the user using the input() function.
Example:
python
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name = input("What is your name? ")
3.2 Output:
Displays data to the user using the print() function.
Example:
python
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print("Hello, world!")

4. Operators
• Arithmetic Operators: Used for mathematical operations (+, -,
*, /, etc.).
• Comparison Operators: Used to compare values (==, !=, >, <,
etc.).
• Logical Operators: Used to combine conditions (and, or, not).

5. Conditional Statements
These are used to make decisions in a program.
• if: Executes a block of code if a condition is true.
Example:
python
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if x > 0:
print("Positive number")
• else: Executes a block of code if the condition is false.
• elif: Checks multiple conditions.

6. Loops
Loops are used to repeat actions.
• for loop: Repeats a block of code for a specific number of times.
Example:
python
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for i in range(5):
print(i)
• while loop: Repeats a block of code as long as the condition is
true.
Example:
python
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while x > 0:
print(x)
x -= 1

7. Functions
A function is a block of reusable code that performs a specific task.
Example:
python
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def greet(name):
print("Hello, " + name)
greet("Alice")

8. Lists
A list is a collection of items in a particular order.
Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
print(fruits[0]) # Outputs "apple"

9. Strings
A string is a sequence of characters. Strings are enclosed in quotes.
Example:
python
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greeting = "Hello"
print(greeting.upper()) # Outputs "HELLO"

10. Error Handling


Errors in Python can be handled using try-except blocks.
Example:
python
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try:
x = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Cannot divide by zero!")

1. Hello, World!
Code:
print("Hello, World!")
Output:
Hello, World!

2. Add Two Numbers


Code:
a=5
b=3
sum = a + b
print("The sum is:", sum)
Output:
The sum is: 8

3. Check Even or Odd


Code:
num = 7
if num % 2 == 0:
print(num, "is Even")
else:
print(num, "is Odd")
Output:
7 is Odd

4. Find the Largest Number


Code:
a, b, c = 10, 25, 15
largest = max(a, b, c)
print("The largest number is:", largest)
Output:
The largest number is: 25

5. Simple Interest
Code:
P = 1000 # Principal amount
R=5 # Rate of interest
T=2 # Time in years

SI = (P * R * T) / 100
print("The Simple Interest is:", SI)
Output:
The Simple Interest is: 100.0

6. Factorial of a Number
Code:
num = 5
factorial = 1
for i in range(1, num + 1):
factorial *= i
print("Factorial of", num, "is", factorial)
Output:
Factorial of 5 is 120

7. Check if a Number is Prime


Code:
num = 11
is_prime = True
for i in range(2, int(num**0.5) + 1):
if num % i == 0:
is_prime = False
break

if is_prime:
print(num, "is a Prime Number")
else:
print(num, "is not a Prime Number")
Output:
11 is a Prime Number

8. Print Multiplication Table


Code:
num = 7
for i in range(1, 11):
print(num, "x", i, "=", num * i)
Output:
7x1=7
7 x 2 = 14
7 x 3 = 21
...
7 x 10 = 70

9. Reverse a String
Code:
string = "Python"
reversed_string = string[::-1]
print("Reversed string is:", reversed_string)
Output:
Reversed string is: nohtyP

10. Check Palindrome


Code:
string = "madam"
if string == string[::-1]:
print(string, "is a Palindrome")
else:
print(string, "is not a Palindrome")
Output:
madam is a Palindrome

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