Republic of the Philippines

CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE

Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
www.cbsua.edu.ph

CHAPTER XI │GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES ASSIGNED TO CONTROL
DRUGS AND VICES

The Dangerous Drugs Board

The Dangerous Drugs Board was established following the proclamation of Martia Law
and the promulgation of Presidential Decree NO. 44, on November 14, 1972. The Law,
which was an amendment of Republic Act 6425, was signed by then President
Ferdinand E. Marcos.
According to the PD No. 44, the DDB shall be the coordinating and policy-making
agency and the national authority on matters related to law enforcement and control

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dangerous drugs; drug abuse prevention, training and information; the treatment and
rehabilitation of drug dependents; as well as research and statistics on the drug problem
and the training of personnel tasked to perform these. Since its inception, the DDB has
implemented programs to promote the national advocacy against drug abuse through a
dynamic partnership between the government and the society (Dangerous Drugs Board,
(DDB), n.d)
The national agencies that comprise the DDB include the following:
 The Department of Social Welfare and Development
 Department of Health
 Department of Justice
 Department of National Defense
 National Bureau of Investigation
 Department of Finance
 Department of Education

Highlights
Batas Pambansa 179
A procedural amendment to Republic Act 6425 was made in 1982 in the form of
Batas Pambansa 179, which mandated the itemization of prohibited drugs and its
derivatives. Through this law, various forms of narcotics, such as opiates, opium poppy
straw, leaves or wrappings, whether prepared for the use or not were classified as
dangerous drugs.

Five-Pillar Global Drug Control Approach

The five-pillar global drug control approach consists of the following components: drug
Demand Reduction, Drug Supply Reduction, Civic Awareness and Response,
Alternative Development, and Regional And International Cooperation. This was
adopted in 1998 during the UN General Assembly Special Session on Drugs by the
ASEAN and China Cooperative Operations in Response to Dangerous Drugs
(ACCORD), in which the Philippines is a member. The five-pillar approach identifies
relevant and effective strategies in addressing the country’s drug problem, including
drug prevention and control (DDB, n.d)

Republic Act 9165

Republic Act No. 9165, also called the ‘Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of
2022”, was enacted in 2002. This law was expanded the membership of the Board to
include such agencies as the Department of Interior and Local Government,

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Department of Foreign Affairs, National Youth Commission, Department of Labor and
Employment, Comission on Higher Education, and the Philippine Drug Enforcement
Agency.

Major Projects Launched by DDB

“Oplan Iwas Droga”
Launched in 1995, ‘Oplan Iwas Droga’ became the national flagship program
implemented to promote drug abuse prevention. For this program, a mascot called KID
Listo was brought to schools and communities throughout the county to promote the
anti-drug advocacy of the DDB, Kid Stands for “Kalaban ng Illegal na Droga”

“Mamamayan Ayaw sa Droga” (MAD)

MAD is a citizen’s movement against drug that became popular during the latter
part of the 1990s. a product of the collaboration of agencies, which comprised the
National Drug Law Enforcement and Prevention Coordinating Center, that was created
in January 1999 via Executive Order No. 61.

DDB Drug Information Action Line (DDB-DIAL)

This program was launched in response to the public’s increasing participation in
anti-drug advocacy programs. The DDB-DIAL is a phone-based action center that was
created to receive reports and complaints related to drug abuse. The personnel on the
other hand can provide relevant information and assistance to the public through the
hotlines (DDB, n.d)

Intergated Drug Abuse Data and Information Network (IDADIN)

The IDADIN is an online reporting system consisting of 13 interactive forms and
quarterly reports submitted by forensic and drug testing laboratories, treatment and
rehabilitation centers, public and private hospitals, and law enforcement and
prosecution agencies, another major project developed by the DDB. As an online drug
data pooling and collection system, the IDADIN facilitates better management of all drug
demand and supply reduction efforts initiated by the government. Meanwhile, prison
population profiles are supplied by provincial, municipal, and city jails. Through its
extensive network, the IDADIN has allowed easier processing of drug data, and
ensured up-to-date statistics and convenient reporting (DDB n.d)

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Barkada Kontra Droga or Peer Group Against Drugs
“Barkada Kontra Droga” is a peer-based project designed as a preventive education
and information strategy to combat the dangers of drug abuse. What makes this
program special is that it encourages the participation of the youth to launch its anti-
drug campaigns. This program aims to empower individuals so that they can serve as
catalysts within their peer groups in advocating healthy and drug-free lifestyles choices.
Since its inception in 2004, the group has increased its membership to more than 60,
000 members in 250 chapters all over the country (DDB, n.d)

Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency

Th PDEA known as the (Kawanihan ng Pilipinans Laban sa Droga) is the lead
anti-drugs aw enforcement agency in the country. It was established by virtue of
Republic Act No. 9165 signed by the President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on June 7,
2002. RA No. 9165 later took effect on July 4, 2002. With this new law, the National
Drug Law Enforcement and Prevention Coordinating Center was effectively abolished.
The PDEA is assigned to enforce the penal and regulatory provisions of RA NO.
9165, also known as the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002. Mainly, it is
responsible for preventing, investigating, and initiating efforts to counter activities
related to dangerous drugs, controlled precursors, and essential chemicals within the
country. The PDEA and DDB are both under the office of the President (Philippine Drug
Enforcement Agency [PDEA], n.d)
The following anti-illegal drugs task force have been created to support the
activities of the PDEA:
 Anti-Illegal Drugs Task Force (NBI-AIDTF) under the National Bureau of
Investigation
 Anti-Illegal Drugs Special Operation Task Force (PNP-AIDSOTF) under the
Philippine National Police.
 Customs Task Group/Force in Dangerous Drugs and Controlled Chemicals
(BOC-CTGFDDCC) under the Bureau of Customs

Agency Overview
Formed July 07, 2002
Preceding Agencies National Drug Law Enforcement and Prevention Coordinating
Center

Drug Enforcement Units of Philippine National Police (PNP),

National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) and Bureau of Customs
(BOC)
Annual Budget Php 755.462 million (2013)

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Legal Personality Government: Government Agency

Power and Duties

 To cause the efficient and effective implementation of the national drug control
strategy formulated by the Dangerous Drugs Board;

 Undertake the enforcement of the provisions of Article II of RA 9165 relative to

the unlawful acts and penalties involving any dangerous drugs and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemicals;
 Administer oath and issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum relative to the
conduct of investigation involving the violations of RA 9165;

 Arrest and apprehend as well as search all violators and seize or confiscate the
effects or proceed of the crimes as provided by law;

 Take charge and have custody of all dangerous drugs and/or controlled
precursors and essential chemicals seized, confiscated or surrendered to any
national, provincial or local law enforcement agency;

 Establish a forensic laboratory in each PNP office in every province or city in

order to facilitate action on seized or confiscated drugs, thereby hastening their
destruction without delay;

 Recommend to the DOJ the forfeiture of properties and other assets of persons
and/or corporations found to be violating the provisions of RA 9165 and in
accordance with the pertinent provisions of the Anti-Money Laundering Act of
2001;

 Prepare for prosecution or cause the filing of appropriate criminal and civil cases
for violation of all laws in dangerous drugs, controlled precursors and essential
chemicals, and other similar substances;

 Monitor, and if warranted by circumstances, in coordination with the Philippine

Postal Office and the Bureau of Customs, inspect all air cargo packages, parcels
and mails in the central office;

 Conduct eradication programs to destroy wild or illegally grown plants from which
dangerous drugs may be extracted;

 Initiate and undertake the formation of a nationwide organization which shall

coordinate and supervise all activities against drug abuse in every province, city,
municipality and barangay;

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  Establish and maintain drug intelligence system in cooperation with law
enforcement agencies, other government agencies/offices and local government
units that will assist in the apprehension of big-time drug lords;

 Establish and maintain close coordination, operation and linkages with

international drug control and administration agencies and organizations;

 Create and maintain an efficient special enforcement unit to conduct an

investigation, file charges and transmit evidence to the proper court;

 Require all government and private hospitals, clinics, doctors, dentists and other
practitioners to submit a report to it;

 Coordinate with the DDB for facilitation of the issuance of necessary guidelines,
rules and regulations for the proper implementation of RA 9165;

 Initiate and undertake a national campaign for drug prevention and control
programs where it may enlist the assistance of nay department, bureau, office,
agency or instrumentality of the government, including government-owned and/or
controlled corporation; and

 Submit annual and periodic reports to the DDB from time to time and perform
such other functions as may be authorized of required under existing laws and as
directed by the President. [PDEA], n,d)

Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR)

PAGCOR, a government-owned and controlled corporation, was first established
through Presidential Decree No. 1067. At present, it is the country’s largest contributor
of revenue, employing a workforce of 11,000 employees. Similar to the DDB and PDEA,
PAGCOR is also under the Office of the President of the Philippines (Philippines
Amusement and Gaming Corporation [PAGCOR], n.d)
In 1983, under Presidential Decree No. 1869, PAGCOR was mandated as the
only government corporation authorized to conduct and establish gaming pools and
casinos throughout the country. When President Corazon C. Aquino came into the
office, this was re-established to help raise funds for government. At that time, Norberto
Quisimbing was appointed as the first Chairman, succeeded by former Development
Bank of the Philippines Chair Alicia LL. Reyes, and then by Ephraim Genuino under the
appointment of then President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo in 2001.

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 At present, PAGCOR operates 13 casinos and several VIP slot clubs in major
cities across the Philippines. As a government agency, it is also tasked to manage and
regulate over 180 bingo centers and e-games cafés. PAGCOR has its most significant
piece of legislation with the passage of RA No. 9487 in June 2007. This law grants
PAGCOR another 25 years to “regulate and operate games of chance, to issue
licenses, and to enter into joint venture, management, or investment agreements with
private entities for the Entertainment City in the Manila Bay Area” (PAGCOR, n.d)

Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office (PCSO)

When the Philippines was still under Spanish rule, lotteries were already in
operation. In as early as 1833, a private enterprise called Empresa De Reales Loteria
Espanolas De Filipinas had been conducting “Loterias” to help generate revenues for
the government. By 1932, the government conducted the first ever sweepstakes, called
PAAF Sweepstakes, in order to raise funds for the Philippine Amateur Athletic
Federation (PAAF)
As embodied in its chapter, the primary objective of the PCSO is to provide funds
for medical assistance, health programs, as well as services and charities implemented
nationwide. The PCSO is instrumental in the development of community health care in
all regional hospitals nationwide through the establishment of Cancer and Pain Centers,
Dialysis Centers and Tuberculosis Centers, that provide medical assistance and
servicer to the people especially the disenfranchised sector of the public (Philippine
Charity Sweepstakes Office [PCSO], n.d)

Act 4130
On October 30, 1934, then President Manuel L. Quezon approved ACT 4130,
which created the Philippine Charity Sweepstakes. The PCS was authorized to secure a
loan from National Treasury to organize an office and print tickets for the draw. The
mandate of the Sweepstakes was easily accepted by the Filipinos at that time because
of its humanitarian mission to support humanitarian projects (PCSO, n.d).
Batas Pambansa Blg. 42
In September 1979, Batas Pambansa Blg. 42 was created into law, thus
amending the PCSO Charter (RA 1169). This law authorized the increase in fund
allocation from 25% of net sales to 30%, which was intended for the agency’s Charity
Fund. At the same time, 55% was allocated to prizes and the remaining 15% was
assigned for operation, unclaimed prizes go to the Charity Fund.

Proclamation No. 51

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 One of the achievements of the PCSO came during the administration of then
President Fidel V. Ramos. In his regime, the PCSO was authorized to carry out the
important mission of generating funds in support of the government’s rehabilitation
program for the devastated areas resulting from the Mt. Pinatubo eruption. Then
President Ramos issued Proclamation No. 51, which exhorted “the public and private
sectors to support the PCSO Special Pinatubo Lottery Draw scheduled on October 22,
1992 to raise charity funds for the victims of Mt. Pinatubo eruption” (PCSO, n.d). That
was first in a series of draws the PCSO initiated, ultimately raising Php350 million,
which was subsequently transferred to the President’s Calamity Fund.

Initiatives Launced by the PCSO

For half a millennium, the traditional sweepstakes was the PCSO’s lone source
of income. In recent years, however, many different kinds of modern lottery games have
been introduced. With its increasing financial commitments to its beneficiaries, the
PCSO needs additional sources of funds, and it has been able to generate such funds
through several types of lotteries is has launched (PCSO, n.d)

Instant Sweepstakes

The Instant Sweepstakes is the first type of lottery launched by the PCSO. This is
patterned after a similar game in the US. In the Philippines, this was launched in mid-
1987 and by the end of that year, Instant Sweepstakes generated a total of Php 27
million for the PCSO Charity Fund

Small Town Lottery

The STL was intended to generate funds for local projects. The STL also aimed to
eradicate masiao, jueteng, and other illegal number games that were rampant in the
country side by using computer technology.

Lotto

In 1995, under the supervision of then Chairman Manuel L. Morato, the PCSO launched
the very first online lottery in the Philippines. In this online lottery or lotto, initially the
lotto 6/42, the player had to choose any set of 6 numbers from 1 to 42. The player wins
when these numbers are drawn in any sequence during the draw date. Despite strong
opposition from certain sectors of society (in fact, its legality was questioned but the
Supreme Court ruled that it was legal), the lotto was a big hit. Since then, more types of
lottery games have been carried out, such as the three-digit (3D), four-digit (4D) and
six-digit(6D) lotto, along with the Mega Lotto 6/45 and the Super Lotto draw (PCSO, n.d)

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Other Services Provided by the PCSO
Apart from the aforementioned centers, one of the most effective means by
which to pursue the PCSO’s commitment to serve the nation is through free medical
and dental services. Initially, the PCSO served its official and employees as well as
referrals and walk-ins. A total of 26 outreach mission of this kind have been conducted,
servicing 28,292 dental patients and 117,001 medical patients.
After the Ormoc disaster, the PCSO also allocated Php 48.5 million to the
affected families, while after the Iloilo fire disaster, victims were given a total of Php 1.5
million in financial assistance. In the Ozone fire tragedy, which occurred in March 1996,
the PCSO also provides the victim’s families with financial, funeral, and medical
assistance of up to Php 6 million.
Moreover, from the initial two beneficiaries, namely the Philippines Tuberculosis
Society and Hospicio De San Jose, the PCSO now extends assistance to almost 8,000
benefiaries, including the Blood Bank, Red Cross, Boy’s Town in Marikina, National
Mental Hospital, Missionaries of Charity in Cebu, Tala Leprosarium, Golden Acres,
Commission on Family Life in Laoag City, the Leprosarium in Zamboanga City, the
Daughters of Mary, Bacolod Boy’s Home in Negros Occidental, Dominican Missionaries’
Stela Maris Nursery and Mother of the Church in Naga City, along with rural health
clinics, government hospitals, nutrition centers, and many other centers throughout the
Philippines (PCSO, n.d)

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