GERMAN

MINE WARFARE
EQUIPMENT

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY MARCH 1952

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AGO 2754A—Feb Security Information
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department of the army technical MANUAL

TM 5-223C

This manual supersedes chapter 8, FM 5-31, 1 November 1943.

GERMAN
MINE WARFARE
EQUIPMENT

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY MARCH 1952

United States Government Printing Office

Washington: 1952

RESTRICTED
AGO 2764A Security Information
 RESTRICTED
Security Information

This manual supersedes chapter 8, FM 5-31, 1 November 1943.

PART ONE. INTRODUCTION TO FOREIGN MINE

WARFARE EQUIPMENT
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL

1. Scope and Purpose until World War II. Large mine fields placed
in key locations helped the British hold back
a. This manual is the third in a series of
the Germans in North Africa. Extensive use
manuals containing detailed technical informa­
of mines by the Soviet Army contributed mate­
tion on foreign mine warfare equipment. This
rially to delaying the German advance into the
manual covers mine warfare equipment used by
Soviet Union. Mines were also extensively used
the German Army in World War II. The vari­
in the fighting in Italy and during campaigns in
ous types of fuzes; mines; antilifting devices;
France and Germany. In Korea mines have
booby traps; mine laying, marking, and record­
been employed extensively.
ing equipment and supplies; and mine detect­
ing and clearing equipment are described and
illustrated. TM 5-223A, Soviet Mine Warfare 3. Mine Terminology
Equipment, and TM 5-223B, Oriental and Eu­ a. A mine is an encased charge of explosive
ropean (Except British, French, German, Ital­ placed under water, laid on the ground, or bur­
ian, and Soviet) Mine Warfare Equipment, are ied. To detonate the mine, it is necessary to
the first two manuals in this series. provide one or more detonating devices. The
b. The series of manuals on foreign mine elements of a mine are shown in figure 1. The
warfare equipment is a basic guide to be used types of mines used in foreign mine warfare
in the identification and employment of foreign are discussed in paragraph 5.
mine warfare equipment and for the neutrali­
b. A fuze is a mechanical, chemical, or elec­
zation of foreign mines and fuzes.
trical device which starts the firing chain of a
c. Information on foreign mine warfare poli­
mine (par. 4). Fuzes are classified according
cies and tactics is contained in FM 5-32.
to use (instantaneous or delayed-action), the
type of initiating action required to start the
2. Development of Mine Warfare fuze functioning (par. 4a), and the internal ac­
Originally mine warfare consisted of tunnel­ tion which produces the flame or spark (par.
ing beneath the enemy and using explosives to 4b).T
destroy otherwise impenetrable positions. This c. Installing the fuze is the insertion of the
type of mine warfare continued through World
detonator and fuze assemblies into a mine.
War I. During the later part of World War I.
when tanks made their appearance, both the d. Arming is the removal of all safety devices
Germans and the Allies began to use land mines so the mine is ready to function (fig. 2).
constructed of artillery shells. The importance e. Neutralizing is rendering a mine ineffec­
of mine warfare was not definitely established tive.

AGO 2754A
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Security Information I
 PRESSURE PLUG

CHARGE

Figure 1. Elements of a mine.

f. An activated mine has a secondary fuze outside the effective casualty radius, are rela­
which will cause detonation when the mine is tively safe.
moved. The device can be attached either to the
mine itself or to a second mine or auxiliary 4. Firing Chain of a Mine
charge beneath or beside the mine (fig. 3). (fig. 5)
g. Sympathetic detonation is the detonation a. Initiating Action. Personnel or vehicles,
of one oi' more charges induced by the explo­ including tanks, initiate the action in the fuze
sion of another charge (fig. 4). by one of the following methods (fig. 6) :
h. The effective casualty radius of a mine is (1) Pressure on the fuze (fig. 6).
that radius within which 50 percent of all per­ (2) Pull on a pin or pull ring attached to
sonnel will become casualties when a mine is the fuze by means of a trip wire (fig.
detonated. It is expressed in yards. 6).
i. The danger area of a mine is that area (3) Pressure release by removing an ob­
within which fragments of a mine may produce ject from a compressed spring-actu­
casualties; however, personnel in this area, but ated lever or plunger (fig. 6).

2 AGO 2754A
 Figure 2. Arming a mine.

Figure 3. Activated mine.

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3
 (4) Tension release by cutting a taut wire (a) Operating an electric mine detector
tied to a compressed spring-actuated over a pick-up coil of an induction
striker (fig. 6). fuze.
(5) Setting delayed-action mechanism to (b) Sending radio signals on the same
actuate a fuze. This is normally ac­ frequency as that of the induction
complished by setting a clock mecha­ fuze (fig. 9).
nism for a desired time delay in the
actuation of a fuze (fig. 7). Some­ (8) Magnetic induction by moving a me­
times this delayed-action mechanism tallic mass over a magnetic type fuze
consists of a vial containing a chem­ (fig. 10).
ical which upon being released cor­ (9) Breaking a light beam or otherwise
rodes a striker-retaining pin or wire. completing an electric circuit (fig.
Another way of obtaining a delayed 11).
action is to provide a chemical vial
within the fuze. An application of b. Fuze. The initiating action causes the fuze
any of the previously mentioned initi­ to function. The fuze, in turn, ignites the deto-
ating actions will result in the chem­ nator by one of the following means:
ical vial being broken. The desired
(1) Mechanical. A percussion cap within
time delay is the time required for the
the fuze is fired by a mechanically re­
chemical to eat through the striker­
leased striker (fig. 6). The percussion
retaining pin or wire.
cap in turn ignites a detonator. Igni­
(6) Vibrations induced by movement in tion by friction, as shown in figure 6,
water, air, ground, or structure, is another mechanical method.
where a vibration-contact fuze is laid
(2) Chemical. A small vial containing acid
(fig. 8).
is broken. The chemical reaction of
(7) Frequency induction by: the acid with the explosive generates

4 AGO 2754A
 VEHICLES AND
PERSONNEL
INITIATING'
ACTS ON FUZE
ACTION

BOOSTER CHARGE
SMALL CONCUSSION PRODUCES LARGER
(MAY NOT BE
SETS OFF CONCUSSION
REQUIRED)

Figure 5. Firing chain of a mine.

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5
 INITIATING ACTION

PULL TENSION RELEASE

PERCUSSION FRICTION CHEMICAL REACTION ELECTRICAL

FUZE
Figure 6. Various initiating actions and fuzes.

Figure 8. Vibration-contact fuze closes an electrical

Figure 7. Clockwork delay mechanism. circuit.

6 AGO 2764A
 ANTENNA
RECEIVER

MAIN CHARGE

Figure I). Radio receives signal jrom. transmitter and relays impulse to detonator.

ago 2754a
7
 heat which sets off the explosion (fig.
6).
(3) Electrical. The closing of a circuit
fires an electric detonator (figs. 6 and
12).
(4) Chemical-electrical. A chemical reac­
tion causes an electric circuit to close.
(5) Mechanical-chemical. A chemical is
used to corrode a pin holding a spring-
loaded striker. When the pin is suffi­
ciently corroded to break, it releases
the spring-loaded striker.
c. Detonator. The detonator, a highly sensi­
tive explosive, is set off by the flame or concus­
sion of the fuze (fig. 5).
d. Booster Charge. The booster charge con­
sists of a less sensitive but more powerful ex­
plosive than that in the detonator and produces
an intermediate explosion (fig. 5). A booster
charge is not necessary in some mines.
e. Main Charge. The main charge, a rela­
tively insensitive explosive surrounding and
detonated by the booster charge or detonator,
provides the destructive power of the mine
(fig. 5).

Figure 11. Electric circuit is completed when light

beam is broken.

Figure 10. A metallic mass swings a magnetized lever

to close a circuit. Figure 12. Ignition by electrical means.

8 AGO 2764A
 CHAPTER 2
FOREIGN MINE WARFARE EQUIPMENT

5. Types of Mines upon personnel. All of the major foreign armies

employ antipersonnel mines.
a. Antitank Mines. Antitank mines are de­
(1) Antilifting devices. An antilifting de­
signed primarily for immobilizing tanks. Al­
vice is a mechanical or a combination
though all of the major foreign armies have
mechanical and explosive device de­
antitank mines, occasionally the amount of ex­
signed specifically to cause a mine to
plosive in one mine is not sufficient to immo­
detonate when an attempt is made to
bilize a tank. To accomplish the mission two
lift or move the mine (fig. 13). Anti­
or more mines are sometimes placed together.
lifting devices are primarily designed
b. Antivehicular Mines. Antivehicular mines for an antipersonnel role. Certain
are designed primarily for immobilizing tracked types of fuzes, particularly pressure­
or wheeled vehicles othei' than tanks. However, release fuzes, are in effect antilifting
two or more of these mines are often placed to- devices as well as booby-trap mecha­
gethei- to immobilize tanks. All of the major nisms. Some armies, notably the Ger­
foreign armies employ antivehicular mines. man and Soviet, have produced anti­
They are referred to as antitransport mines lifting devices for the specific purpose
in the Soviet Army. of placing them under antitank and
c. Dual-Purpose Mines. Dual-purpose mines antivehicular mines to prevent safe
are designed both to immobilize vehicles and to removal of the mines.
produce casualties among personnel. Normally,
these mines can be distinguished by the pres­
sure-pull fuze used in them. The fuze is de­
signed to be detonated by vehicles (pressure)
and by personnel (pull). Many of the foreign
armies use dual-purpose mines.
d. Antipersonnel Mines. Antipersonnel mines
are used primarily to produce casualties to per­
sonnel. They may be placed to protect antitank
mine fields and other obstacles, to give local se­
curity and warning, or as nuisance mines to
harass and delay the enemy. Normally, they Figure is. Antilifting device placed under a mine.
are not effective against armored vehicles but
may inflict some damage on other vehicles. (2) Booby traps.
Antipersonnel mines found in foreign armies
are of two general types: shrapnel mines which (a) A booby trap is a mine or charge
are designed to injure or kill more than one that is hidden in or attached to an
person and concussion mines designed to kill apparently harmless object (fig.
or injure only the person who steps on or actu­ 14). The firing mechanism is so
ates the mine. Antilifting devices and booby placed that an unsuspecting person
traps are classified as antipersonnel mines since detonates the hidden mine or charge
they are primarily designed to inflict injuries when he disturbs the object.
AGO 2754A
9
 fuzes. Germany and the Soviet Union employed
river mines in World War II.
h. Improvised Mines. Improvised mines are
used when standard mines are unsuitable or
unavailable for a particular mission. They are
made by filling with an explosive any type of
container, such as bottles, crates, sacks, bar­
rels, and tin cans. Improvised mines may also
be made of bombs, shells, or grenades and are
MAIN CHARGE
PRESSURE FUZE fitted usually with a pressure or pull fuze. They
are extremely dangerous to handle. The Soviet
Army places much emphasis on improvised
mines.
Figure U. Booby-trap installation.
i. Dummy Mines. Dummy mines can be made
(b) Booby traps are especially intended of any material available. They may be installed
to inflict casualties on and to de­ in dummy mine fields or may be used to sup­
stroy the morale of opposing forces. plement real mines in a live mine field to delay
They are normally installed during and confuse the enemy by making it necessary
a retrograde movement or during for him to consume time in investigating and
raids or patrols into the positions of removing them.
the opposing forces. Booby traps j. Training Mines. Mines used in training
may be encountered under any cir­ contain no explosive charges but are similar in
cumstances. They may be found at­ construction to standard mines. Various means
tached to equipment, dead soldiers, are available for simulating detonation of the
and supplies. They may also be in­ training mines. Training mines are called
stalled in abandoned buildings. In­ practice mines in United States mine warfare
genuity of installation largely de­ terminology.
termines their effectiveness.
k. Others. A number of other types of mines
e. Railroad Mines. Railroad mines are de­ are found in some of the foreign armies but the
signed specifically to wreck trains. In most in­ types listed above are common in most foreign
stances, railroad mines incorporate a delay armies and are employed in greater numbers.
rather than an instantaneous type of fuze and
are used as initial charges to detonate larger 6. Mine Laying, Marking, and Recording
supplemental charges buried in railroad beds. Equipment- and Supplies
Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union employed
railroad mines in World War II. a. Mine Laying Devices. Most armies today
/. Beach Mines. Beach mines are primarily rely upon manpower to fuze mines, to prepare
designed to destroy landing craft and amphibi­ holes for them in the ground, and to arm and
conceal them. Mine spacing cords and special
ous vehicles, to hinder the landing of an oppos­
tools are used by many armies to aid in spacing
ing force, and to disable vehicles that have mines within a mine field and in actually pre­
landed. They vary greatly in size, explosive paring holes for individual mines. Some coun­
content, and type of fuze used. The Japanese, tries are experimenting with mechanical mine
in particular, employed beach type mines in laying devices. The Germans developed a mine
World War II. laying vehicle in the early part of World War
g. River Mines. River mines are used to de­ II, but the device proved impracticable.
stroy floating bridges, fixed bridge piers, and b. Mine Marking Equipment. Mine marking
river shipping. They vary considerably in size equipment includes all items, such as special
and explosive content. The usual method of tags, flags, and tracing tape, used to mark mine
functioning is by the use of pressure or pull fields and individual mines.

10 AGO 2754A
 c. Mine Recording Supplies. This type of trained dogs for equipment to detect mines, but
material usually includes special reports, forms, such practices proved impracticable.
maps, and other pictorial aids used to record
the location of mine fields and individual mines. 8. Mine Clearing Equipment
Mine clearing equipment includes vehicle­
7. Mine Detecting Equipment mounted devices and manually operated de­
Mine detecting equipment includes all de­ vices. Vehicle-mounted devices are tank­
vices, such as probes and electronic mine detec­ mounted flails, rollers, and drags, and propelled
explosive devices. Manually operated mine
tors, designed specifically for locating mines.
clearing devices include grapnels, rollers, and
Some countries experimented with substituting explosive charges.

AGO 2764A

11
 CHAPTER 3
NEUTRALIZATION AND REMOVAL OPERATIONS

I
9. Hand Neutralization of Mines and practically all mines and fuzes (fig. 15). They
Fuzes are designed to prevent accidental activation.
Troops must know how to neutralize foreign b. Cutting the Firing Chain. A mine is harm­
mines and fuzes. Although normally a mine less if the firing chain is cut. This is done by
field contains only a few activated mines, dur­ cutting any link in the chain, that is, by sep­
ing a clearing operation it must be assumed that arating any two of its elements (fig. 16).
all mines are activated. Furthermore, troops
must be familiar with the types and location of
safeties on mines and fuzes. They must also
know how to cut the firing chain of a mine to
render the mine harmless.
a. Safeties. Organic safeties are built into

SAFETY CLIP

Figure 16. Interrupting the firing chain of a mine.

CLIP OR YOKE
c. Steps in Hand-Neutralizing. The steps in
SAFETY PIN hand neutralizing a buried mine are as follows:
(1) Carefully probe to locate the mine ex­
actly.
(2) Carefully search around and undei-
the mine, locating and neutralizing all
secondary fuzes.
(3) Neutralize the mine by making the
main fuze safe. Some foreign mines
SAFETY
SHEAR PIN
contain fuzes that cannot be made
safe in any way. These mines should
be neutralized by destroying them in
place with a prepared charge.

10. Removal of Mines

SCREW OR CLAMP a. The following general rules should be ap­
Figure 15. Types of safeties on different fuzes. plied when removing foreign mines.
AGO 2754A
12
 Figure 17. Removing a mine by rope from a safe distance of 50 yards.

(1) Handle all mines and fuzes with care rope (fig. 17) or signal wire. If no defilade is
at all times. at hand, a safe pulling distance is at least 50
(2) Use only one man to work on a mine. yards. With this method, always remain in a
(3) Carefully examine the ground around prone position. Activated mines are normally
a mine before starting to work on it. detonated in this manner.
(4) Constantly be on the lookout for c. Mines can be neutralized by destroying
booby traps. them in place with hand-placed charges. The
(5) Prior to lifting a mine, neutralize all charges are-placed on or beside the mines to
fuzes and cut any slack trip wires. be destroyed (fig. 18). The mines themselves
(6) Never cut a taut wire; never pull a are not handled.
slack one. Look at both ends of a wire
before you touch it.
(7) When detonation of a mine in place is
objectionable pull the mine clear with
50 yards of rope or signal cable.
(8) Take cover before pulling a mine, and
do not come out for at least 10 seconds
after pulling it. There may be a delay
fuze. Examine the covered position
for booby traps before occupying it.
(9) Never use force on a mine or booby
trap. If a part cannot be removed
without applying an undue amount of
force, stop removal.
(10) If a mine or booby trap must be left
unlifted, mark the location promi­
nently.
(11) Neutralize antipersonnel mines by re­
placing all safety pins before lifting
them.
(12) When walking in a mined area, keep
looking at the ground immediately
ahead.
(13) When cutting the wires of an elec­
trical detonator cut them one at a
time.
b. Mines can be removed by occupying a defi­ Figure 18. Placement of charge on mines to be
laded position and pulling them out with a long destroyed in place.
AGO 2754A
13
 d. Improvised grapnels can be used to actu­ the pressure lid with a mine probe. Mine clear­
ate charges fastened to trip wires. The grap­ ing personnel must be cautioned in the use of
nel is thrown out over the field and then pulled the mine probe when the mines are known to
back. As it comes back, it trips the wires or be in an advanced state of deterioration. The
cords, setting off the charge. mine probe should be held at the smallest prac­
e. Mechanical and blast methods have been ticable angle to the ground so as to come into
developed to neutralize mines by exploding contact with the side of the mine instead of the
them. Such mechanical and explosive devices pressure lid. In many cases the only practicable
are the scorpion or flail, various pressure-roller method of mine removal will be the use of demo­
devices, the various demolition snakes, banga­ lition charges. Care must be taken to see that
lore torpedoes, and explosive mats or carpet all personnel have been evacuated from the area
rolls. before any demolition charges are detonated.
/. In World War II, both the Germans and Entire mine fields have been known to explode
the Soviets employed artillery to clear gaps from sympathetic detonation. Mine fields con­
through known mine fields. Some countries taining deteriorating wooden and cardboard
have experimented with area bombing by air­ mines are particularly susceptible to sympa­
craft to clear gaps through mine fields. thetic detonation.
g. Wooden and cardboard mines that have h. Metallic mines that have been buried for
been buried for long periods are dangerous to long periods of time are dangerous to remove.
remove. Experience has shown that mines com­ They will rust to such an extent that it becomes
posed of wood or cardboard will deteriorate almost impossible to detect their location with
rapidly under humid or damp-soil conditions. the mine detector. In general, mines of metallic
If a wooden mine is subjected to alternate pe­ construction which use waterproof seals will
riods of dampness and dryness, the mine will withstand the action of soil moisture better
undergo serious deformation resulting in large than wooden or cardboard mines. Eventually,
cracks which will permit the entrance of soil however, the mine body will rust and the ex­
moisture into the explosive chamber. In some plosive will become contaminated.
wooden and cardboard mines the explosive filler i. Some types of fuzes become extremely sen­
hole is sealed with tar. This tar will develop sitive when they are exposed to soil moisture.
cracks after continuous exposure. Wooden These types should be removed by placing dem­
pressure lids that contain grooves to assist olition charges or using tank rollers and other
actuation will rot in the grooves and will deto­ devices which will permit the removal of the
nate more readily when pressure is applied on mines without undue exposure of personnel.

14 AGO 2764A
PART TWO. GERMAN MINE WARFARE EQUIPMENT

CHAPTER 4
INTRODUCTION TO GERMAN MINE WARFARE EQUIPMENT

11. General 12. Scope and Source of Data

The Germans employed more mines in World Part two of this manual covers the descrip­
War II than did any other country, with the tion, employment, functioning, installing, arm­
possible exception of the Soviets. In addi­ ing, and neutralizing of individual German
fuzes and mines. It also describes miscellane­
tion to developing its own mine warfare equip­
ous mines, mine detectors, and various items
ment, the German Army improved upon and of mine warfare equipment, such as remote-
adopted equipment of the armies of other coun­ controlled mine detonating equipment and mine
tries during World War II. German fuzes cop­ probes. Although not outlined in installing and
ied from Soviet fuzes (TM 5-223A) include the arming procedures camouflage will be accom­
pull fuze 42 (Z.Z. 42) copied from the Soviet plished at all times. The major portion of the
MUV pull fuze; the chemical-mechanical time data presented here on German mine warfare
delay fuze 41W (C.M.Z. 41W) copied from the equipment is based on captured documents, in­
telligence reports, and information obtained
Soviet EKhV chemical-electrical delay fuze; through liaison with other allied forces during
and the SM-12 frequency-induction fuze. Ger­ World War II. Wherever possible, information
man mines which were copied aftei- the Soviet in this manual is based on actual pieces of
mines are the concrete stake mine, an antiper­ equipment. It is requested that any reader pos­
sonnel mine patterned after the Soviet POMZ-2 sessing information that modifies the data con­
shrapnel mine, and the Schii’mines, which were tained in this manual, or who encounters mine
patterned after the Soviet PMD wooden box warfare equipment not discussed herein, for­
ward such information to—
mines. The Germans also incorporated features
of the Soviet Ovtsinnikov mine and the British Assistant Chief of Staff, G-2
Washington 25, D. C.
ointment-box mine when they developed the or
400-gram Schii’mine. The German Army also Chief of Engineers
adopted the Finnish ice mine (TM 5-223B). Washington 25, D. C.
ATTN: Engineer Intelligence Division

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15
 CHAPTER 5

FUZES

Section I. INTRODUCTION

13. General were experimenting with, or had produced,

The German Army developed and employed non-battle-tested mine fuzes of types differing
more mine fuzes than any other army in the from those that had already been employed in
world. Twenty-three of the 36 standard mines battle. Some of these types are—
employed by the Germans in World War II
used specifically designed fuzes. Twenty-eight a. Friction-Pressure Fuze (Bossezilnder).
fuzes were designed especially for use in mines. This type fuze consisted of a chemical mixture
In addition, the Germans had at least 15 mod­ (potassium chlorate and sand with about 2 per­
els of fuse lighters and grenade fuzes, 12 models cent phosphorous arid alcohol) contained in an
of fuzes designed for the detonation of large aluminum cap pressed over a plastic case. A
charges but occasionally used with mines, and No. 8 nonelectric detonator fits in the threaded
two remote-control detonating devices. Because base of the case. The fuze was designed for use
of the large number and variety of German
fuzes, this manual discusses each type of fuze in improvised pressure mines.
in a separate section according to the initiating b. Induction Fuzes. Induction fuzes are de­
action necessary to start the fuze functioning signed to close electric circuits after receiving
(par. 4). Mechanical, electrical, and chemical magnetic impulses, radio signals, vibrations, or
fuzes are discussed in that order within each electronic impulses. Models of all the foregoing
section.
types of induction fuzes had been employed in
14. Status of Fuze Development at the combat by the Soviets with varying degrees of
End of World War II success. The Germans had never employed any
At the end of World War II the Germans of their models in combat, as far as is known.

Section II. PRESSURE FUZES

15. Tellermine Fuze 35 (Tellerminen- collar. A percussion cap is screwed into the
ziinder 35; T.Mi.Z. 35) base of the striker housing. The base of the
fuze case is threaded to screw into the fuze well
a. Description. The Tellermine fuze 35 (fig. in the pressure plate of the Tellermine 35 (par.
19) is an instantaneous, mechanical type. It 62). The fuze has two safety devices:
has a diameter of 1% inches and a height of (1) A horizontal safety bolt which* passes
21/q inches. It consists of a cylindrical brass through a hole in the striker and pre­
case containing a spring-loaded striker held by vents shearing of the shear pin. In
a shear pin to a cylindrical housing which is the armed position the safety bolt is
loosely retained in the fuze case by a threaded pulled out by a safety-bolt claw.

16 AGO 2754A
 RED DOT

ARMED

SAFE
ARMING DIAL

SAFETY-BOLT
HOUSING WIRE

SAFETY-BOLT
CLAW

ARMING DIAL

SAFETY BOLT FUZE

CASE
SAFETY-BOLT
CLAW

^STRIKER

SPRING

CAM
SHEAR
PIN

;* STRIKER
THREADED
COLLAR

X PERCUSSION
CAP

Figure 19. Tellermine fuze 35.

AGO 2754A
17
 (2) A rod, attached to a slotted screw
head on the arming dial in the top of
the fuze, with a cam at the lower end.
When the screw head is turned to
sicker (safe), the cam engages the
striker and takes the pressure of the
striker spring off the shearpin. When
the arming dial is set at scharf
(armed), the cam is disengaged from
the striker.
b. Employment. This fuze was designed espe­
cially for use in the Tellermine 35. Figure 20. Tellermine fuze 42.
c. Functioning. Pressure of about 400 pounds
on the top of the fuze case or depression of the c. Functioning. A pressure of about 495
pressure plate of the mine presses the top of the pounds on the end of the striker shaft shears
fuze case onto the end of the striker until the the shear pin and releases the spring-loaded
shear pin shears, releasing the striker against striker against the percussion cap firing the
the percussion cap firing the detonator. detonator.
d. Installing and Arming. d. Installing and Arming. Screw the detona­
(1) Screw the fuze into the fuze well of tor-retaining collar, with the detonator, to the
the mine. base of the fuze. The fuze has no safeties and
(2) Turn the screw-head on the arming is armed once the detonator is attached.
dial in the top of the fuze so the red e. Neutralizing. Unscrew the detonator-re­
dot points to scharf (armed). taining collar from the base of the fuze and re­
(3) Pull the safety bolt out by the wire at­ move the detonator.
tached to the safety-bolt claw.
f. Packing. Six fuzes, with detonators at­
e. Neutralizing. tached, are packed in a long cardboard box
(1) Press in the safety bolt and turn the with a descriptive label pasted on the lid.
screw-head arming dial in the top of
the fuze so the red dot points to sicker 17. Snap Fuzes
(safe).
(2) Unscrew the fuze from the mine. These fuzes are called snap fuzes because the
f. Packing. Six fuzes are packed in a tin box shear strip or shear rod snaps when pressure
with a descriptive label pasted on the lid. A is exerted on it. Snap fuzes were designed to
special wrench for fitting the fuze into the mine detonate antitank mines in deep snow where the
is also packed in the box with the fuzes. ordinary type of pressure fuze would be ineffec­
tive because of the inability of snow to support
16. Tellermine Fuze 42 (Tellerminen- a mine when pressure is exerted upon it. The
ziinder 42; T.Mi.Z. 42) fuze also was used in antitank mines laid in
grassy or bushy areas to insure detonation of
a. Description. The Tellermine fuze 42 (fig.
mines lying between the two tracks of tanks.
20) is an instantaneous, mechanical type. It
Normally, only a few mines in a mine field
consists of a cylindrical steel case containing a
were fitted with this type of fuze. The Germans,
spring-loaded striker held by a shear pin
developed four models of snap fuzes (pars. 18,.
through the end of the striker shaft, flush with
19, 20, and 21).
the top of the fuze case. A percussion cap is
built into the base of the fuze. The percussion­
cap holder is threaded to receive the detonator. 18. Snap Fuze 43/1 (Knickziinder 43/1;
The fuze is 2 inches high and % of an inch in Kn.Z. 43/1)
diameter. a. Description. The snap fuze 43/1 (fig. 21)
b. Employment. The Tellermine fuze 42 is is an instantaneous, mechanical type about 35
used in the Tellermines 35 (steel), 42, and 43. inches long with the extension rod screwed on.

18 AGO 2754A.
It has a spring-loaded striker with a shear-strip
release, an extension rod, and a fuze case. The
fuze can be screwed into any fuze well having
standard threads. The extension rod, which
consists of five sections of tube inside a metal
sheath, contains a chain made up of metal
hooks. The bottom hook of the chain is at­
tached to a flat metal shear strip, the lower end
of which is held to the hollow striker sleeve by
a metal striker-sleeve pin. The upper end of
the chain is threaded and passes through the
top of the chain housing. The chain is held to
the extension rod by two retaining nuts. A
cylindrical safety pin prevents the shear strip
from moving. One end of the safety pin has a
safety-pin-removal wire attached to remove the
pin from the fuze. The other end has a safety-
pin-retaining wire attached to prevent acci­
dental removal of the safety pin.
b. Employment. This fuze is used in anti­
tank mines buried in the ground or under snow.
The extension rod of the fuze is camouflaged as SAFETY PIN |l
RETAINING i
a seedling or clump of high grass. WIRE I

1
c. Functioning. SAFETY-PIN-
(1) A sideward pressure exerted on the REMOVAL WIRE
extension rod bends it, causing the
chain to pull the shear strip upward.
(2) This action raises the shear strip, the
striker sleeve, the striker-sleeve pin, SHEAR
and the striker, compressing the GROOVE
striker spring until the buffer is STRIKER-SLEEVE PIN
reached.
STRIKER SLEEVE
(3) Further pressure shears the shear
strip at the shear groove releasing the STRIKER SPRING

spring-loaded striker. STRIKER

(4) The striker fires the percussion cap PERCUSSION
and the detonator. CAP
d. Installing and Arming.
(1) Carefully stake the mine down to pre­
vent the mine from tilting when the FUZE CASE
extension rod is bent.
(2) Insert the detonator into the fuze. Figure 21. Snap fuze iS/I.
(3) Screw the fuze into the mine.
(1) Replace the safety pin, using the orig­
(4) Remove the safety-pin-retaining wire.
inal pin, a nail, or a heavy wire, and
(5) Remove the safety pin by means of fix it firmly to the fuze by wiring it in
the attached safety-pin-removal wire. £ place.
e. Neutralizing. Do not move the extension (2) Unscrew the fuze from the mine.
Tod. The fuze may have been partially broken (3) Remove the detonator.
or subject to blast, and any movement might f. Packing. Seventy-five fuzes, in bundles of
cause detonation of the mine. 15, are packed in a wooden box which also con­
AGO 2754A
19
tains 5 small wooden boxes, each holding 15 ,
detonatoi’S.

19. Snap Fuze 43/11 (Knickziinder 43/

II; Kn.Z. 43/11)
- a. Description. The snap fuze 43/11 (fig. 22)
is an instantaneous, mechanical type about 35
inches long with the extension rod attached.
The fuze case contains a spring-loaded striker
and a percussion cap. The lower end of the fuze
case is threaded so that the fuze can be screwed
into a mine. The metal extension rod contains
a long shear rod ma<le of brittle plastic. A shear
groove is located just above the fuze case APPROX
around the extension rod. At each end of the 35 IN

plastic shear rod there are threaded holes. The

upper hole accommodates the retaining screw
which fixes the upper end of the plastic shear
rod firmly to the extension rod. The upper end
of the striker shaft is threaded into the lower
hole in the plastic shear rod. The safety collar
consists of a metal cylindei’ which slides down
on the outside of the metal extension rod and
encloses that portion of the extension rod where
the shear groove is located. This safety collar
prevents accidental shearing of the plastic
shear rod while the fuze is being installed in a
mine.
b. Employment. This fuze is used in anti­
tank mines buried in the ground or under snow.
c. Functioning.
Figure 22. Snap fuze Jt3/II.
(1) After the safety collai- has been re­
moved, a sideward pressure on the ex­ (3) Remove the shipping cap and screw
tension rod breaks it at the shear the fuze into a mine.
groove, snapping the brittle plastic (4) Remove the safety collar by sliding it
shear rod. upward and off the extension rod.
(2) The released striker, driven by the
e. Neutralizing.
strikei- spring, fires the percussion cap
(1) A mine using this fuze should be deto­
and the detonator.
nated in place since the only safety de­
d. Installing and Arming. vice is the safety collar, which will
(1) Carefully stake the mine down so that probably not be available. Improvised
it will not tilt when pressure is applied safety devices are difficult to con­
to the extension rod. struct.
(2) Unscrew the percussion-cap assembly (2) If necessary, this fuze may be un­
and replace it with a percussion-cap- screwed from the mine, providing ex­
and-detonator assembly (Ziinder- treme care is taken not to place any
sprengkapsel 43). If the entire per­ sideward pressure on the extension
cussion-cap assembly cannot be re­ rod. When unscrewing the fuze from
placed, insert a detonator into the the mine, grasp the lowei' part of the
base. fuze case.

20 AGO 2754 A
20. Snap Fuze 43 (Short) (Knickziinder (2) The pressure then bends the striker
43 (Kurtz); Kn.Z. 43) shaft and shears it off at its shear
groove, releasing the spring-loaded
a. Description. The snap fuze 43 (short) striker against the percussion cap fir­
(fig. 23) is an instantaneous, mechanical type ing the detonator.
having a spring-loaded striker with a shear re­
d. Installing and Arming.
lease. The principle of operation of this fuze is
similar to that of the snap fuze 43/11 (par. 19) (1) Insert the detonator in the fuze.
except that the plastic shear rod is not used and (2) Screw the fuze into the mine.
the striker has a larger diameter. A shear e. Neutralizing.
groove is cut into the striker shaft and the fuze (1) Unscrew the fuze from the mine.
case. The fuze is approximately 3 inches long (2) Remove the detonator from the fuze.
and % of an inch in diameter.
21. Snap Fuze 43 (Waterproof) (Knick-
ziinder 43 (Wasserdicht); Kn.Z.
43)
STRIKER
SHAFT a. Description. The snap fuze 43 (water­
proof) (fig. 24) is an instantaneous, mechan­
GROOVE ical type similar to the snap fuze 43/1 (par. 18)
in operation. It is approximately 39 inches
long. The fuze case contains a spring-loaded
CASE
striker and a striker shaft provided with a
slotted end to receive a shear strip. The shear
SPRING
strip is provided with a shear groove and is
held within the slot in the striker shaft by a
pin. Near the top of the shear strip is a large
hole through which the safety pin is inserted.
Above the safety-pin hole is a smaller hole
where the hooked end of the pull rod is inserted.
The extension rod is composed of six segments
of tubing held at each joint by metal rings and
collars. The pull rod is held to the top of the
extension rod by a threaded nut. The entire
fuze is completely covered by a waterproof ma­
CAP
terial.
b. Employment. This fuze is used in anti­
tank mines buried in the ground or under snow.
It may also be used with waterproof mines as
an antiboat obstacle.
c. Functioning. Pressure exerted against the
Figure 23. Snap fuze Jt3 (short). extension rod bends the rod at one of the joints,
causing the pull rod to pull up on the shear strip
b. Employment. This fuze was designed late and the striker assembly. This compresses the
in World War II to replace the pull fuze 42 striker spring between the retaining washer
(par. 42) in the bar mine 43 (par. 66). and striker collar exerting a severe strain on
c. Functioning. the shear strip until the strip snaps at the shear
(1) A pressure of at least 150 pounds in point, releasing the spring-loaded striker. The
the shear groove, or on the side of the released striker sets off the percussion cap and
fuze case above the shear groove, the detonator.
snaps the fuze case at the shear d. Installing and Arming.
groove. (1) Carefully stake the mine down so that
AGO 2754A
21
 FUZE CASE

Figure 24. Snap fuze 48 (waterproof).

it will not tilt when pressure is applied 22. Weissmann Pressure and Impact
to the extension rod. Fuze (Weissmann Druck-und-
(2) Screw a percussion-cap-and-detonator Schlagziinder)
assembly (Ziindersprengkapsel 43)
into the base of the fuze. a. Description. The Weissmann pressure and
(3) Screw the fuze into the mine. impact fuze (fig. 25) is an instantaneous, me­
chanical type. The spring-loaded striker with
(4) Remove the safety-pin-retaining wire
a circular, metal pressure head is held in a
and the safety pin. The rubber tube
cocked position by a glass rod. This glass rod
around the safety pin should remain
passes through the striker shaft at right angles
in the fuze case.
to, and between, the safety-pin holes. The
e. Neutralizing. safety pin is shaped like a pair of tongs and is
(1) Insert a nail or wire into the safety- held in place by a spring clip. The percussion-
cap-and-detonator assembly is inserted into the
pin hole and fasten it securely in place.
base of the fuze. A metal clamp holds the fuze
(2) Unscrew the fuze from the mine. to the main charge. Without the metal clamp,
(3) Unscrew the percussion-cap-and-deto- the fuze is 2% inches high and i/2 inch in diam­
nator assembly from the fuze. eter. The pressure head is 1 inch in diameter.

22 AGO 2754A
 L SAFETY PIN

GLASS ROD

STRIKER SHAFT
PERCUSSION
CAP
SPRING

PERCUSSION-CAP-AND-
METAL CLAMP DETONATOR ASSEMBLY

DETONATOR

MAIN CHARGE

Figure 25. Weissmann pressure and impact fuze.

b. Employment. This fuze was designed to (2) Clamp the fuze to the main charge
be used either as a pressure fuze in improvised with the metal clamp.
mines or as an impact fuze with prepared (3) Remove the safety pin from the fuze.
charges in an assault on a fortified position.
e. Neutralizing.
c. Functioning. After the safety pin has
(1) Inspect the glass rod to see if it has
been removed, impact or pressure on the pres­
been cracked or damaged. If it is
sure head breaks the glass rod, releasing the
cracked, do not attempt to neutralize
striker against the percussion cap, firing the
the fuze, but destroy it in place with
detonator and the main charge.
a prepared charge. If the glass rod is
d. Installing and Arming. not cracked, carefully insert both ends
(1) Insert the percussion-cap-and-detona- of a wire or other suitable safety pin
tor assemble in the bottom of the fuze. in both ends of the safety-pin hole.
AGO 2754A
23
 (2) Unclamp the fuze from the main The lower end of the safety pin fits in a hole
charge. in one end of the wing-shaped safety toggle,
(3) Remove the percussion-cap-and-deto- thereby providing a shield between the striker
nator assembly from the fuze. and the percussion cap. A safety-toggle spring
forces against the safety toggle and, when the
23. Impact Fuze PX—32 (Schlaqziinder safety pin is removed, the safety-toggle spring
PX-32) pushes the safety toggle clear of the percussion
a. Description. The impact fuze PX-32 (fig. cap.
26) is an instantaneous, mechanical type ap­ b. Employment. This fuze is employed as an
proximately 2i/i inches long. It has a striker impact fuze for assault demolition charges.
bolt held in place by a shear pin. The upper end c. Fimctioning.
of the striker shaft, is attached to the impact (1) A sudden impact on the impact head
head by an adjusting vane which is screwed compresses the pressure spring, shears
down to compress the pressure spring between the shear pin, and forces the striker
the impact head and the striker housing. A against the percussion cap.
safety pin passes through the gap between the (2) The percussion cap sets off the deto­
top of the striker housing and the impact head. nator.

ADJUSTING
VANE

IMPACT
HEAD
PRESSURE
STRIKER
SPRING
SHAFT

STRIKER
HOUSING
SHEAR PIN

STRIKER
BOLT

STRIKER

SAFETY­
TOGGLE LOWER END OF
SPRING SAFETY PIN

SAFETY COLLAR
TOGGLE

PERCUSSION CAP

DETONATOR

Figure 26. Impact f uze PX-32.

AGO 2754A
24
 PRESSURE CAP

PIN

RETAINING NUT
PLUNGER SPRING

STRIKER SPRING

STRIKER-RETAINING BALLS (2)

PERCUSSION CAP

STANDARD BASE

LOWER
SPACE

FIBER WASHER
.A ' . ■

Figtire 27. Pressure fuze 35 A.

AGO 2754A
25
 PRESSURE
CAP

RETAINING
SAFETY PIN NUT

PLUNGER

2% IN STRIKER SPRING

PLUNGER SPRING' LOWER

SPACE
STRIKER-RETAINING
. PINS (2)

STRIKER
FIBER WASHER

PERCUSSION CAP

STANDARD BASE

Figure 28. Pressure fuze 85B.

d. Installing and Arming. consists of an aluminum case containing a

(1) The fuze comes with the percussion spring-loaded striker held in a cocked position
cap and detonator attached, but if the by two steel striker-retaining balls, a safety
percussion - cap - and - detonator have pin, and a heavy plunger spring. Model B, the
been removed, a standard German smallest of the three, is shown in figure 28. It
percussion-cap-and-detonator can be is housed in a brass case. The striker is held in
inserted. Remove the collar at the a cocked position by two small striker-retaining
base, insert the percussion cap and the pins. Model C is the same as the model A ex­
detonator, and replace the collar to cept that the fuze case is of plastic.
hold the percussion cap and the deto­ b. Employment. Models 35A and C are gen­
nator in place. erally used with improvised wooden antitank
(2) Insert the fuze in the charge. mines. Model B is used with improvised anti­
(3) Remove the safety pin. personnel mines and booby traps.
e. Neutralizing. c. Functioning.
(1) Remove the fuze and the attached (1) Pressure of 125 to 165 pounds for
detonator from the charge. models A and C and approximately 65
(2) Unscrew the collar and remove the pounds for model B, exerted on the
percussion cap and detonator. pressure cap, forces the plunger down­
ward against the resistance of the
24. Pressure Fuze 35 (Druckziinder 35; plunger spring.
(2) The striker-retaining balls (models A
D.Z.35) and C) or striker-retaining pins
a. Description. The pressure fuze 35 (fig. 27, (model B) are forced outward into the
28) is an instantaneous, mechanical type hav­ lower space, releasing the striker.
ing a spring-loaded striker with a ball or pin (3) The released striker, driven by the
release. It exists in three models. Model A, the striker spring, fires the percussion cap
largest of the three, is shown in figure 27. It and the detonator.
AGO 2764A
26
 d. Installing and Arming. (2) Remove the fuze from the mine or
(1) Examine the fuze to be sure the per­ charge.
cussion cap is in place and intact. (3) Remove the detonator and the percus­
(2) Insert a detonator in the base of the sion cap from the fuze.
fuze. f. Packing. These fuzes are packed four to a
(3) Screw the fuze into a mine or charge. tin box with a descriptive label on the lid.
(4) Adjust the height of the pressure cap
by rotating it. 25. S-mine Fuze 35 (S-Minenztinder 35;
(5) Remove the retaining nut from the
S.Mi.Z. 35)
end of the safety pin and withdraw the
pin from a safe distance with a wire a. Description. The S-mine fuze 35 (fig. 29)
or string attached to the pull ring. is an instantaneous, mechanical type, 3% inches
e. Neutralizing. long by %, inches in diameter. A round case of
(1) Insert the safety pin, or a nail, into aluminum, steel, or bakelite contains a spring-
the hole in the plunger. loaded striker held by two steel striker-retain­

Figure 29. S-mine fuze 85.

AGO 2754A
27
ing balls and a safety pin. The fuze has a (fig. 30) is an instantaneous, mechanical-elec­
plunger which has three removable pressure trical type having a spring-loaded striker with
prongs projecting from it. This fuze does not a ball release. The fuze consists of a cylindrical
have a standard threaded base, since it is de­ ebonite case into which is screwed a pressure­
signed to be screwed onto the threaded fuze fuze mechanism consisting of a spring-loaded
post on the top of an S-mine 35 (par. 85). The striker held by two striker-retaining balls, as in
percussion cap may be unscrewed from the fuze. the S-mine fuze 35 (par. 25). A shipping cap
b. Employment. This fuze is the standard is screwed over the top of the fuze during ship­
German pressure fuze for the antipersonnel ment. When the fuze is armed the shipping cap
S-mine 35. The mine is usually buried with is removed and a three-pronged pressure head
only the tips of the pressure prongs of the fuze is pushed on over the plunger of the fuze. In­
above the surface of,the ground. This fuze was stead of a percussion cap, a porcelain fitting
also often used with other antipersonnel mines, containing a glass ampoule of orange-colored
such as the ski mine (par. 107) and the Ger­ electrolyte is screwed into the base of the ebon­
man-adopted Finnish ice mine (par. 101). ite case. Two electrodes project into the am­
c. Functioning. poule cavity and are connected to terminals on
(1) With the safety pin removed, pressure the top of the ebonite case where they are at­
of about 15 pounds on the pressure tached to wire leads. A spike-shaped aluminum
prongs overcomes the resistance in base is screwed onto the bottom of the ebonite
the plunger spring and depresses the fuze housing and is pushed into the ground
plunger. when the fuzes are laid. Individual fuzes meas­
(2) This action permits the two striker­ ure 8 inches long and 1^ inches in diameter
retaining balls to be forced outward without the pressure head.
into the lower space, releasing the b. Employment. This fuze is used with a fir­
spring-loaded striker. ing bridge (fig. 31) for electrical detonation of
(3) The released striker, driven by the the S-mine 35 (par. 85). The fuzes were issued
striker spring, fires the percussion cap in a chain of 9 fuzes wired together in parallel.
and the detonator. Two chains (18 fuzes) are plugged into the ter­
d. Installing and Arming. minals of the firing bridge on an S-mine 35 (fig.
(1) Screw the fuze onto the mine. 31). The purpose of chain fuzes is to increase
(2) Place the mine in the ground. by 18 times the possibility that a foot soldier
(3) Unscrew the retaining nut from the would detonate an S-mine. Pressure on any one
end of the safety pin and withdraw
fuze will detonate the mine.
the safety pin.
e. Neutralizing. c. Functioning.
(1) Insert a nail or wire or the original (1) Pressure on the three-pronged pres­
safety pin in the safety-pin hole. sure head depresses the plunger until
(2) Remove the fuze from the mine. the striker-retaining balls escape into
(3) Unscrew the percussion cap. the lower recess, releasing the striker.
f. Packing. Three or six fuzes are packed in (2) The striker, driven by the striker
a tin box with a descriptive label on the lid. spring, breaks the glass ampoule.
Note. Before reuse, check the fuze by testing the
safety pin to see if it can be withdrawn and look at the
(3) The electrolyte in the ampoule sets up
percussion cap to see if it has been fired. Do not test the an electric current between the elec­
fuze by firing. This fuze cannot be recocked without trodes. The current travels through
the aid of special tools. the electric leads to the firing bridge
on the S-mine.
26. Electrical S-mine Fuze 40 (Elek-
(4) The current sets off the electric deto­
trische S-Minenziinder 40; E.S.Mi. nator which is in the firing bridge and
Z. 40) protrudes into the flash tube of the
a. Description. The electrical S-mine fuze 40 mine.
AGO 2754A
28
 PRESSURE
PRONGS

HOLE
PRESSURE HEAD
PLUNGER
+ TERMINAL
STRIKER SPRING
- TERMINAL
PLUNGER SPRING
EBONITE
FUZE STRIKER-RETAINING BALLS (2)
HOUSING
LOWER RECESS
ELECTRIC LEADS

• ELECTRODE OF CHEMICAL

SAFETY PIN
HOLE - ELECTRODE

terminal
SOCKET
ALUMINUM BRIDGE
BASE

CIRCULAR
PLATE
SPIKE FOR SOFT
GROUND

Figure SO. Electrical S-mine fuze 40.

cl. Installing and Arming. short circuit both terminals of the

(1) If the fuzes are not already connected, most distant fuze, and break the cir­
connect the desired number in two cuit again).
chains. The fuzes must be connected (4) Push the spike of the fuze into the
in parallel with each other and with ground until the top of the shipping
the firing bridge within each chain. cap is level with the surface of the
Each chain may include up to nine ground.
fuzes. Individual fuzes should be (5) Unscrew the shipping cap and press
spaced from 2 to 3 feet apart in the the pressure head onto the head of the
chain. plunger.
(2) Dig a hole to receive the S-mine and (6) Attach the snap clip of the safety cord
firing bridge and make two furrows to the pull ring of the safety pin.
to accommodate the lead wires from (7) Screw the firing bridge onto the S-
the fuze chains. mine and install the U-clamp.
(3) Test the circuit with a lead tester (8) Insert the red plug at one end of a
(plug in the leads to the lead tester, chain of fuzes into the red bridge ter-
AGO 2754A
29
 Figure 31. Two electrical S-mine fuzes plugged into a firing bridge mounted on an S-mine 35.

minal socket. Insert the black plug striker-retaining pin. An actuating lever is at­
into the black socket. tached to the fuze housing by a pin which serves
(9) If it is desired to increase the possi­ as a pivot. A safety pin keeps the actuating
bility of detonation, place a wooden lever from being accidentally depressed. The
pressure bar over the pressure heads fuze is 2% inches long and IV2 inches high.
of several fuzes. b. Employment. This fuze is the standard
(10) Pull out the safety pin with the safety German fuze for the glass mine 43 (par. 97).
cord. It may also be used with various improvised
e. Neutralizing. mines and booby traps.
c. Functioning.
(1) To neutralize a chain of electric fuzes,
(1) A pressure of from 20 to 25 pounds
remove the plugs at the end of the
on the actuating lever causes the actu­
chain of fuzes from the sockets in the
ating lever to pivot at the actuating­
firing bridge.
lever-pivot pin.
(2) To neutralize an individual electric
(2) The lower end of the actuating lever
fuze, insert a nail into the safety-pin
engages the wings of the striker-re­
hole and tape it in place.
taining pin, pulling it out of the
(3) Fuzes may also be neutralized by cut­
striker shaft.
ting the wire leads one at a time.
(3) The released striker, driven by the
compressed striker spring, fires the
27. Lever Fuze 44 (Hebelziinder 44) percussion cap and the detonator.
a. Description. The lever fuze 44 (fig. 32) d. Installing and Arming.
is an instantaneous, mechanical type contain­ (1) Insert a detonator in the base of the
ing a spring-loaded striker with a striker-re- fuze.
taining-pin release. It consists of an L-shaped (2) Screw the fuze into the mine or
metal housing containing a spring-loaded charge.
striker held in a cocked position by a winged (3) Remove the safety pin.
AGO 2754A
30
 l’/2 IN

2% IN

ACTUATING LEVER

, ACTUATING-LEVER-PIVOT PIN

STRIKER­
SAFETY PIN
RETAINING PIN

CASE -

STRIKER
SHAFT

STRIKER SPRING
PERCUSSION CAP STRIKER
STANDARD 3ASE

Figure 32. Lever fuze U.

AGO 2754A
31
 e. N
’ eutralizing. e. Neutralizing.
(1) Make sure that the striker-retaining (1) Holding the fuze at its base, unscrew
pin is fully engaged in the striker. it from the mine or charge.
(2) Insert a nail or wire into the safety- (2) Remove the detonator from the base
pin hole. of the fuze.
(3) Unscrew the fuze from the mine or
charge and remove the detonator. 29. Friction Fuze SF 6 (Druckziinder SF
6; D.Z. SF 6; also Bosseziinder)
28. Buck Chemical Fuze (Chemischer
Ziinder, Buck) a. Description. The friction fuze SF 6 (fig.
34) is an instantaneous, chemical type using
a. Description. The Buck chemical fuze (fig. friction action to produce a flash. It is housed
33) is an instantaneous, chemical type employ­ in a cylindrical plastic case, threaded at the
ing an acid and a powder which react together base. A hemispherical aluminum hood contain­
to produce a flash. It consists of a brass base ing a chemical compound is crimped to the top
with a thin, grooved aluminum shell crimped of the plastic case. A dome-shaped glass cap
over it. The Buck chemical fuze was manufac­ encloses the aluminum hood and is held to the
tured in two sizes. Type A is the larger of the
plastic case by a rubber seal. There is no safety
two and the type most frequently encountered.
device. When the fuze is shipped it has a plastic
In it the glass vial containing sulfuric acid
shipping cap screwed onto its base. The fuze is
stands on end and is completely surrounded by
lVi inches high and inch in diameter with
white powder. Type B contains a glass vial of
the shipping cap attached.
a purple-colored acid. The acid vial rests on
its side within the aluminum shell and the b. Employment. This fuze was developed
white powder is beneath the glass vial. The neai’ the end of World War II for use in the
vial in the type B is protected against breakage antipersonnel glass mine (par. 97) and in im­
by cotton. Neither of the two types of this fuze provised antipersonnel mines, particularly
is provided with safety devices. These fuzes those laid under water along beaches and at
are about 1*4 inches long and % inch in diam­ fording points in rivers.
eter. c. Functioning. A pressure of about 26
b. Employment. These fuzes are used in the pounds on the glass cap crushes it and the
antitank Schnellmine, type B (par. 74), the aluminum hood. This causes the highly sensi­
antipersonnel glass mine 43 (par. 97), and the tive chemical compound to ignite, creating a
antipersonnel mines A 200 (par. 89), S 150 flame and firing the detonator.
(par. 90), the E-5 antipersonnel mine (par. d. Installing and Arming.
104), and the W-l antipersonnel mine (par. (1) Unscrew the plastic shipping cap and
103), as well as in booby traps and other im­ insert a detonator into the base of the
provised mines. fuze.
c. Functioning. Pressure of 15 or more (2) Screw the fuze into a mine or charge,
pounds on the top or on the side of the alumi­ being careful to exert no pressure on
num shell crushes the shell and the glass vial. the glass cap.
The acid in the vial reacts with the white pow­ e. Neutralizing.
der to produce a flame which sets off the deto­ (1) Holding the fuze at the base, unscrew
nator. it from the mine or charge.
d. Installing and Arming. (2) Remove the detonator from the fuze.
(1) Insert a detonator into the bottom of /. Packing. Twenty-five fuzes are packed in
the fuze. a special container. Four containers are packed
(2) Holding the fuze at its base, screw it in a wooden box. The detonators are issued
into the mine or charge. separately.
AGO 2754A
32
 WHITE ^ALUMINUM
POWDER SHELL

GLASS
VIAL

BRASS SULFURIC
BASE ACID

FIBER WASHER

TYPE A

AGO 2754A
33
 Figure 34. Friction fuze SF 6.

30. Topfmine Fuze SF 1 (Topfminenziin-

GLASS PRESSURE HEAD
der, To.Mi.Z. SF 1) WATERPROOFING
MATERIAL
a. Description. The topfmine fuze SF 1 (fig. ____ -CORK WASHER

35) is an instantaneous, chemical type where a

chemical creates a flame. The fuze consists of
a cylindrical glass case with a round, thick glass
pressure head which is glued to a cork washer.
Inside the hollow glass case, and glued to a cel­
luloid disk, are two glass vials, one containing CHEMICAI VIALS (2)
ethyl nitrate and the othei* a potassium and
sodium compound. The case is threaded at the
base to fit into a plastic detonator holder. The
fuze with the detonator attached is 31/? inches PLASTIC DETONATOR
high and U/2 inches in diameter. The fuze is HOLDER COLLAR

waterproofed by a coat of thin plastic-like ma­

terial.
b. Employment. This fuze was especially de­
signed for use in the nonmetallic antitank Topf­ —.ILS IN.—
(OVERALL)
mine (par. 75).
c. Functioning.
(1) Pressure of at least 132 pounds on the Figure 35. Topfmine fuze SF 1.

AGO 2754A
34
 glass pressure head shears off the
glass rim of the pressure head at the
shear groove, allowing the pressure
head to crush the two glass vials of
chemicals.
(2) The chemical reaction between the
two chemicals creates a flame which
sets off the detonator.
d. Installing and Arming.
(1) Insert a nonmetallic detonator into
the plastic detonator holder and screw
it to the base of the fuze with the plas­
tic detonator-holder collar.
(2) Screw the fuze into the wooden fuze
adapter in the Topfmine.
e. Neutralizing.
(1) Remove the fuze from the wooden
fuze adapter.
(2) Unscrew the plastic detonator holder
and remove the detonator.
Figure 36. Chemical fuze SF IS.
f. Packing. Six fuzes are packed in a narrow
cardboard box with the abbreviation “SF 1” b. Employment. The fuze was designed for
stamped on the lid.
employment in the glass mine 43 (par. 97)
when it is used under water.
31. Chemical Fuze SF 18 (Schiitzen-
c. Functioning.
Kiistenminenziinder SF 18; S-Kst. (1) A pressure of about 37 pounds shears
Mi.Z. SF 18; also Druckziinder SF off the rim of the glass pressure head
18; D.Z. SF 18) which crushes the two vials of chem­
a. Description. The chemical fuze SF 18 (fig. icals.
36) is an instantaneous, nonmetallic, chemical (2) The chemical reaction causes a violent
type designed especially .for employment in the flame which sets off the detonator.
glass mine (par. 97) when that mine is used d. Installing and Arming. Place the fuze on
under water. The fuze is an integral part of the main charge in the bottom of a glass mine
the glass separator plate situated between the 43 so the edge of the glass fuze housing rests
glass pressure plate and the charge of the mine. on the ledge inside the mine.
The fuze is actually a modified version of the e. Neutralizing. Mines fitted with this fuze
Topfmine fuze SF 1 (par. 30) and has the same should always be destroyed in place.
component parts: a glass pressure head with a f. Packing. Two fuzes are packed in a card­
shear rim above two vials of chemicals glued board box and are held from movement by card­
to a celluloid disk over a hole. board rings.

Section III. PRESSURE, PRESSURE-RELEASE FUZES

32. General cause, once the fuze was placed in the mine, and
Pressure, pressure-release fuzes can be actu­ the mine was armed, any attempt to neutralize
ated by two methods, either by applying direct it would result in the detonation of the mine.
pressure on the top of the fuze or by releasing
33. Tellermine Fuze 43 (Tellerminen-
pressure by removing a weight from the top of
the fuze after it has been inserted and armed ziinder 43; T.Mi.Z. 43)
in the mine. During World War II this type of a. Description. The Tellermine fuze 43 (fig.
fuze was known as the antiremoval fuze be­ 37) is an instantaneous, mechanical type con­
AGO 2754A
35
taining a spring-loaded striker with a ball re­ pressure shear pin and depresses fur­
lease. In appearance, it closely resembles the ther’ until its recess is opposite the
Tellermine fuze 42 (fig. 20). The only notice­ striker-retaining balls which fall into
able external difference is that the plunger of the plunger recess, releasing the
the Tellermine fuze 43 projects higher above spring-loaded striker against the per­
the top of the fuze than does the end of the cussion cap which sets off the detona­
striker of the Tellermine fuze 42, and the pres­ tor.
sure shear pin does not rest flush on the top of (2) Pressure release. Removing the pres­
the fuze as does the sheai’ pin of the Tellermine sure from the plunger causes the
fuze 42. In the Tellermine fuze 43, what ap­ plunger to ride up under the force of
pears to be the end of the striker is actually the compressed striker spring until
the plunger, which is hollow and recessed. The the two striker-retaining balls become
striker is held in a cocked position to the striker uncovered and fall into the lower re­
guide by two small striker-retaining balls (fig. cess, releasing the spring - loaded
37). Two small brass arming shear pins hold striker against the percussion cap
the plunger to the fuze case. A striker spring which sets off the detonator.
with a stiffener fits into the hollow plunger and d. Installing and Arming.
the hollow striker. The fuze is 21/! inches high (1) Attach a detonator to the fuze by
and % inch in diameter. screwing it to the base of the fuze
with a detonator-retaining collar.
PRESSURE (2) To arm the fuze, screw down the
SHEAR PIN
pressure plug of the mine (Tellermine
FUZE CASE 35 or 42) so it bears on the end of the
ARMING SHEAR plunger, pressing against it until a
PIN (2)
click is heard. The click indicates that
PLUNGER RECESS the arming shear pins which hold the
plunger to the case of the fuze have
sheared off. The plunger is now free
STRIKER SLEEVE
to move upward under pressure re­
STRIKER
lease or downward under pressure.
PERCUSSION
CAP
e. Neutralizing. This fuze cannot be neutral­
ized; once it has been armed it must be de­
stroyed in place.
f. Packing. Six fuzes, with detonators, are
2'A IN.
packed in a rectangulai- cardboard box.

34. Tellermine Fuze 44 (Tellerminen-

ziinder 44; T.Mi.Z. 44)
__ L
Figzire 37. Tellermine fuze 43.
a. Description. The Tellermine fuze 44 (fig.
38) is an instantaneous, mechanical type con­
b. Employment. This fuze was designed for taining a spring-loaded striker with both a
use in the Tellermine 43 (par. 65). It can also shear pin and a ball release. It is 2%6 inches
be used in the Tellermines 35 (steel) (par. 63) long and % inch in diameter. It is painted
and 42 (par. 64). black and resembles the Tellermine fuze 43 ex­
c. Functioning. cept for the top. Instead of one round-ended
(1) Pressure. Pressure of about 400 plunger projecting above the top of the fuze
pounds on the end of the plunger de­ case, there are two telescoping, flat-topped
presses the plunger and compresses plungers (compare figures 37 and 38). The
the striker spring until the pressure arming plunger is held within the main plunger
shear pin bears on the top of the fuze by two arming shear wires. A large shear pin
case. The plunger then shears the passes through the lower part of the fuze case.

36 AGO 2754A
 ARMING
PLUNGER
STRIKER SPRING

MAIN PLUNGER
ARMING
SHEAR WIRE (2)

FUZE MAIN
CASE SPRING

ARMING
PLUNGER
STOP STRIKER.
RETAINING
BALL

SHEAR PIECE

SHEAR
PIN

PERCUSSION
CAP

Figure 38. Tellermine fuze 44.

b. Employment. The Tellermine fuze 44 was pressure plate of the mine releases the
never employed, since it existed only as a pilot pressure on the arming plunger of the
model at the end of World War II. It was de­ fuze. The arming plunger rides up
signed to be employed, however, in the Teller­ under the pressure of the compressed
mines 35 (steel), (par. 63) 42, (par. 64) and 43 striker spring until the lower end of
(par. 65). the arming plunger uncovers the
c. Functioning. After the fuze has been striker-retaining balls, allowing them
screwed into the mine, the pressure plate of the to drop out and thus release the spring-
mine is screwed on. The pressure plate moves loaded striker against the percussion
down on the top of the arming plunger, forcing cap firing the detonator. A thin wire
it down, compressing the striker spring, and (arming plunger stop) fits in a groove
shearing the arming shear wires which hold the around the arming plunger and keeps
main plunger and the arming plunger together. the plunger in the fuze, should the
The arming plunger is now forced down flush arming shear wires break before the
with the top of the main plunger. From this fuze is inserted into the mine.
point the fuze can function in one of two ways: d. Installing and Arming
(1) Pressure. Under pressure of at least (1) Unscrew the pressure plate of the mine
250 pounds, the main plunger is forced (Tellermine 35 (steel), 42, or 43).
down, compressing the main spring
until the main plunger contacts the (2) Examine the fuze and the percussion
shear piece. Continued pressure cap closely to make sure that the fuze
shears the shear pin, and the main has not been fired.
spring forces the shear piece, the (3) Without exerting any pressure on the
sleeve, and the striker down onto the plungers, grasp the fuze around the
percussion cap firing the detonator. case and screw it in the fuze well of
(2) Pressure release. Unscrewing the the mine.
AGO 2754A
37
 (2) Turn the slotted disk to the desired retaining arm away from the top of the striker,
setting (c above). releasing the striker against the percussion cap.
(3) Screw the fuze into the mine. b. Employment. This fuze was designed for
(4) Attach a wire or cord to the ring on use with the S-mine 44 (par. 86), but was so
the safety bar and remove the bar dangerous to handle and arm that it was seldom
from a safe distance. employed.
Note. If the indicator mark is set at ZUG c. Functioning.
and the pull pin is withdrawn by accident
before the safety bar is removed, the striker (1) Pressure. Pressure of about 20 pounds
engages in a slot in the safety bar and pre­ on the top of the striker-retaining
vents removal of the bar. arms forces them outward, releasing
e. Neutralizing. the spring-loaded striker against the
(1) If the original safety bar is available, percussion cap firing the detonator.
insert it in the slot marked SICH. Do (2) Pull. Pull of about 14 pounds on a trip
not try to insert an improvised safety wire attached to the trip-wire hole in
bar such as a nail or penknife into the one or both of the striker-retaining
slot marked SICH because an edge arms, pulls out the arm and releases
may come into contact with the per­ the striker against the percussion cap
cussion cap and cause it to explode. firing the detonator.
If the safety bar is not available, the d. Installing and Arming.
fuze may still be neutralized by fol­ (1) Remove the shipping cap from the base
lowing steps (2) through (6). of the fuze.
(2) Cut any slack trip wires attached to (2) Insert a detonator in the base of the
the pull pin. fuze and screw the fuze into an S-mine
(3) Grasp the fuze around its base without 44.
touching the top. (3) If desired, attach anchored trip wires
(4) Gently unscrew the fuze from the mine. to the trip-wire holes in the striker­
(5) Remove the detonator from the fuze. retaining arms.
(6) Unscrew the percussion-cap-holder set (4) Carefully pull out the safety pin. This
screw and unscrew the percussion-cap- must be done by hand since a sudden
holder from the base of the fuze. pull on the safety pin might dislodge
the striker-retaining arms.
37. S-Mine Fuze 44 (S-Minenziinder 44; e. Neutralizing.
S.Mi.Z. 44) (1) Carefully insert a nail or wire through
the safety pin holes in the striker­
a. Description. The S-mine fuze 44 (fig. 40) retaining arms.
is an instantaneous, mechanical type containing (2) Cut any trip wires attached to the
a spring-loaded striker with a lever-arm release. striker-retaining arms.
It is housed in a cylindrical metal case and the (3) Unscrew the fuze from the mine and
overall length of the fuze is 4 inches. The remove the detonator.
striker is held in a cocked position by two f. Packing. Fifteen fuzes are packed in a
winged striker-retaining arms. The two projec­ cardboard box.
tions on the inner side of each striker-retaining
arm fit into a hole and into a slot in the end of
38. Tilt Fuze 43A (Kippziinder 43A;
the striker shaft. The base of each striker­
retaining arm is held in place by a rim on the Ki.Z. 43A)
top of the fuze body. The force of the com­ a. Description. The tilt fuze 43A (fig. 41) is
pressed striker spring is enough to hold the an instantaneous, mechanical type containing a
striker-retaining arms together after the safety spring-loaded striker held by two steel striker­
pin is removed and thus keep the striker in a retaining balls, a pressure piece, a pressure
cocked position. The hole in each arm is for a spring, and a striker guide which also holds the
trip wire which, if pulled, pulls the striker­ percussion cap. The tilt rod projects from the
AGO 2754A
40
 SAFETY PIN

STRIKER­
RETAINING
ARM

STRIKER SHAFT

STRIKER SPRING

STRIKER

PERCUSSION CAP

SHIPPING CAP

Figure kO. S-mine fuze H.

tilt-rod base which rests on the top of the pres­ areas or in snow. They are also used in some
sure piece. The tilt rod and tilt-rod base are antipersonnel mines and booby traps.
kept from moving by a safety pin which passes c. Functioning.
through them just above the top of the fuze
case. A 2-foot tilt-rod extension and a metal
(1) A lateral pressure or pull of 15.5 to 24
pounds on the tilt rod, or 1.5 pounds
retaining sleeve are provided for use in deep
at the end of the tilt rod extension, tilts
snow or high grass. The overall height of the
the tilt-rod base. When tilted, the tilt­
fuze with the tilt-rod extension is approxi­
mately 28 inches. rod base depresses the pressure piece
until the recess in the pressure piece is
b. Employment. Like the snap fuzes (par. opposite the two striker-retaining
17), tilt fuzes were designed primarily for use balls.
with antitank mines buried in grassy or bushy (2) The two steel striker-retaining balls
ago 2754A
41
 AGO 2764A
42
 move outward into the recess, releas­ similar to the tilt fuze 43A (par. 38) except for
ing the spring-loaded striker. the method of arming and the safety device. A
(3) The released striker, driven by the tilt rod projects out of the tilt-rod base, which
striker spring, fires the percussion cap rests on top of a pressure piece. A four-piece
and the detonator. collar, fitted just above the tilt-rod base and
d. Installing and Arming. held in position by the collar-retaining spring,
(1) Stake the mine down carefully so that allows the tilt rod to be moved in any direction.
it will not tilt when pressure is applied A safety nut located at the base of the tilt rod
to the tilt-rod. can be screwed down tightly against the four-
(2) Screw a percussion-cap-and-detonator piece collar to prevent movement of the tilt rod.
assembly into the fuze. There is also a safety bolt, housed on the side of
(3) Screw the fuze in the mine. If a very the fuze case, which fits under one side of the
low functioning pressure is desired, tilt-rod base. There is a curved indentation in
screw the retaining sleeve onto the the safety bolt. In the armed position, the
tilt-rod extension and place the tilt-rod curved indentation is positioned directly under
extension on the tilt rod. the tilt rod, allowing the base to move. There
(4) Unscrew the retaining nut from the are three positions of the safety bolt controlled
safety pin and remove the safety pin by the recesses into which the spring-loaded ball
from the fuze at a distance by using fits. Figure 42 shows the bolt in the middle re­
wire or cord. cess or the normal carrying position. The other
two recesses are for the armed position and the
e. Neutralizing.
safe position. Movement of the safety bolt is
(1) Replace the safety pin or insert some
controlled by two detachable chains connected
other suitable object, such as a nail or to each end of the bolt by scarfed joints. A
heavy wire, in the safety-pin hole.
small identifying tag is fastened to the end of
(2) Unscrew the fuze from the mine. each chain. One tag is marked SICHER (safe)
(3) Unscrew the percussion-cap-and-de ­ and the other SCHARF (armed). The safety
tonator assembly from the fuze. bolt cannot be placed in the safe position until
Caution: Never touch the tilt rod. the arming chain has been detached from the
If the safety pin is difficult to insert,
safety bolt since the diameter of the metal con­
destroy the mine in place. nector is larger than that of the safety bolt. The
f. Packing. fuze without the tilt rod extension is approxi­
(1) These fuzes are shipped in wooden mately 5 inches high and 1 inch in diameter.
cases containing 40 cardboard boxes,
b. Employment. This fuze is used in grassy
each of which contains 6 tilt fuzes.
or bushy areas or in snow. It can be used in
The wooden case also contains 240 ex­
some antipersonnel mines and booby traps.
tension rods and retaining sleeves.
(2) Detonator assemblies are packed 15 to c. Functioning.
a box and are not shipped with the (1) 10 to 20 pounds pull or pressure
fuzes. against the tilt rod or 2 to 5 pounds
Note. Before using, see that the fuze is pull or pressure on the tilt rod exten­
cocked. Fired fuzes can be recocked with a sion depresses the tilt rod base.
punch or similar object. If the fuze is pre­ (2) The pressure from the tilt rod base is
pared for underwater use with a waterproof
seal, it should not be test-fired. Firing will exerted on the pressure piece causing
break the waterproof seal. it to slide downward until the open
space in the pressure piece is opposite
39. Tilt Fuze 43B (Kippziinder 43B; the striker-retaining ball.
(3) The striker-retaining ball escapes into
Ki.Z. 43B)
the open space and releases the spring-
«• Description. The tilt fuze 43B (fig. 42) is loaded striker.
an instantaneous, mechanical type containing a (4) The striker fires the percussion cap
spring-loaded striker with a ball release. It is and the detonator.
AGO 2754A
43
 FOUR-PIECE SAFETY NUT
COLLAR

COLLAR-RETAINING
SPRING

ARMING
CHAIN

SPRING
LOAD .
BALL

STRIKER
SAFETY-BOLT
SPRING
HOUSING

PRESSURE
PRESSURE PIECE .SPRING

SAFETY-BOLT CURVED
RETAINER SCREW INDENTATION
SAFETY CHAIN
SAFETY BOLT
METAL CONNECTOR
STRIKER

DETONATOR
STRIKER-
ADAPTER
RETAINING
BALL

PERCUSSION
CAP

Figure 42. Tilt fuze 43B.

44 AGO 2764A
 d. Installing and Arming. short tilt rod, and a pressure piece which rests
(1) Screw the percussion cap into the base on a steel ball supported by two flexible rods
of the fuze. soldered across a hole in the head of the sliding
(2) Screw the detonator adapter onto the cylinder (fig. 43).
base of the fuze and insert a detonatoi' b. Employment. This mechanical-delay tilt
in the adapter. assembly was designed to prevent tanks and
(3) Screw the fuze into the fuze well of a tank-mounted clearing devices from opening
mine or charge. lanes in mine fields by merely running through
the field once.
(4) If a trip wire is to be used, attach it
to the tilt rod. (A 2-foot extension c. Functioning.
may be attached to the rod to increase (1) First stage (arming).
the chance of detonation.) (a) The first application of pressure on
(5) Unscrew the safety nut at the base of the tilt rod by a tank or vehicle
the tilt rod. depresses the pressure piece which,
in turn, transmits the pressure
(6) Pull out the arming chain (marked
through the steel ball and its sup­
SCHARF). This positions the safety
porting flexible rods to the sliding
bolt so it will allow the pressure piece
cylinder. The sliding cylinder is de­
to be depressed when the tilt rod is
pressed against the compression
tilted.
spring until it contacts the base
e. Neutralizing. ring. The steel ball is forced
(1) Screw the safety nut down tightly through the flexible rods, until it
against the four-piece collar held in drops down on top of the pressure
place by the spring clip. If the safety head of the fuze. Further pressure
nut is missing, pull the chain marked has no effect since the steel ball is no
SICHER. This action brings the longer in contact with the pressure
safety bolt through the housing, and piece.
the bolt rides under the side of the (b) When pressure is released after the
sliding pressure piece, preventing its vehicle has passed, the compression
movement. If the chains are missing, spring returns the sliding cylinder
insert a nail into the end of the safety- and tilt rod to their original posi­
bolt housing marked SCHARF, and tions, and the increased side clear­
push the safety bolt to the safe posi­ ance allows the ball to roll under the
tion. lip of the sliding cylinder. The as­
(2) Unscrew the fuze from the mine and sembly is now armed (fig. 43).
remove the detonator. (2) Second stage (firing). Any additional
pressure against the tilt rod, after the
40. Mechanical-Delay Tilt Assembly mechanical-delay tilt assembly has
a. Description. The mechanical-delay tilt as­ been armed, is transmitted through
sembly (fig. 43) contains a spring-loaded sliding the. steel ball directly to the pressure
cylinder with a ball actuation. The mechanical­ head of the fuze, depressing the pres­
delay tilt assembly consists of a cylindrical sure head and firing the fuze.
housing with two mounting screws threaded d. Installing and Arming.
horizontally into the base of the assembly. The (1) Remove the prongs from an S-mine
mounting screws are used to clamp the assembly fuze 35 or the pressure cap from a
over the case of a pressure fuze 35B (par. 24) pressure fuze 35B and remove their
with the pressure head removed or over an S- safety pins.
mine fuze 35 (par. 25) with the prongs re­ (2) Fit the mechanical-delay tilt assembly
moved. In addition to the spring-loaded sliding over the fuze and secure it to the fuze
cylinder, the mechanical delay tilt assembly case by tightening the mounting
case contains the base of the short tilt rod, the screws.
AGO 2754A
45
 PRESSURE STEEL
PIECE BALL

SLIDING CYLINDER

FUZE PRESSURE
HEAD
FLEXIBLE COMPRESSION
RODS (2) SPRING

BASE
RING

MOUNTING
SCREWS

ASSEMBLY IN ASSEMBLY DURING FIRST

UNFIRED POSITION APPLICATION OF PRESSURE

Figure 43. Operation of the mechanical-delay tilt assembly.

AGO 2754A
46
 (3) Screw this fuze with the attached base of the mechanical-delay tilt as­
mechanical-delay tilt assembly into the sembly and lift the assembly carefully
mine, after inserting a detonator into off the fuze.
the fuze well of the mine. (3) Insert a nail or other suitable safety
(4) Carefully attach a slack trip wire to pin into the safety-pin hole of the fuze.
the tilt rod, if desired., (4) Unscrew the fuze from the mine.
(5) Cover the mine and mechanical-delay (5) Remove the percussion cap from the
tilt assembly so that only the short fuze.
tilt rod shows above the ground. Note. In neutralizing the mechanical-delay
e. Neutralizing. tilt assembly, be extremely careful not to
touch the tilt rod until the assembly is lifted
(1) Cut the trip wires if any. off the fuze. The assembly has no safety
(2) Loosen the mounting screws at the device.

Section V. PULL, PRESSURE TENSION-RELEASE FUZE

41. General (1) Pressure. Pressure of from 6 to 11
The only German fuze to function by either pounds on the wings of the striker-re­
pull, pressure, or tension release is the pull fuze taining pin pushes the pin out of the
42 (par. 42). It was adapted from the Soviet striker shaft, releasing the spring-
MUV fuze described in TM 5-223 A. loaded striker against the percussion
cap firing the detonator.
42. Pull Fuze 42 (Zugziinder 42; Z.Z. (2) Pull. A pull of from 6 to 11 pounds on
a trip wire attached to the trip-wire
42)
loop in the striker-retaining pin pulls
a. Description. The pull fuze 42 (fig. 44) is out the pin and releases the striker
an instantaneous, mechanical type containing a against the percussion cap firing the
spring-loaded striker. This fuze has eithei’ a detonator.
bakelite, aluminum, or steel case 3*4 inches long (3) Tension release. With the striker-re­
and Vi inch in diameter. The striker is held in taining pin removed, cutting or break­
the cocked position by a winged striker-retain­ ing a taut trip wire attached to the
ing pin which passes through the striker shaft, trip-wii‘-> hole in the striker shaft re­
flush with the top of the fuze case. A trip-wire leases the striker against the percus­
hole for anchoring a trip wire is located at the sion cap firing the detonator.
end of the striker shaft. The base of the fuze
is threaded on the outside. d. Installing and Arming.
b. Employment. This fuze is used principally (1) Pressure. Screw the fuze, with de­
in the Schii’mine 42 (par. 92), the bar mine 43 tonator, into the mine or charge. The
(par. 66), and the wooden-box mine 42 (par. wings of the striker-retaining pin
71). Other mines using this fuze are the Spren- must be horizontal and below the
griegel 8 kilogram (par. 67), the wooden-box striker shaft.
mine V.B. (par. 72), the Schnellmine A (par. (2) Pull. Screw the fuze, with detonator,
73), the Finnish ice mine (par. 101), the clay into the mine or charge, and attach a
mines (pars. 76 and 98), the shell mine (par. slack trip wire to a stake or bush and
81), the concrete stake mine (par. 87), and cer­ the other end to the loop of the striker­
tain improvised mines and booby traps. In most retaining pin.
of these mines the fuze operates by pressure on (3) Tension release. Screw the fuze, with
the mine lid or on a pressure board which detonator, into the mine or charge.
pushes the striker-retaining pin out of the Attach a taut trip wire to a stake or
striker shaft of the fuze. bush and the other end to the hole in
c. Functioning. This fuze will function under the end of the striker shaft. Then
any one of the three following initiating forces: remove the striker-retaining pin with
AGO 2754A
47
 a 50-yard length of wire or rope from (2) When set for pull. Cut the slack trip
a sheltered position. wire, unscrew the fuze from the mine,
Note. When the fuze is to be used for pull and remove the detonator from the
or tension release, the mine or charge must fuze.
be securely staked down. (3) When set for tension release. First in­
e. Neutralizing. sert a nail or wire into the hole for the
(1) When set for pressure. Unscrew the striker-retaining pin. Then cut the
fuze from the mine, and remove the taut trip wire and remove the de-
detonator from the fuze. tonatoi* from the fuze.

Section VI. PULL FUZES

43. General They are normally used to fire hand grenades

and to light time fuzes.
Pull fuzes are divided in two groups, accord­
ing to the manner in which they function
internally. Fuzes in the first group have spring- 44. Pull Fuze 35 (Zugziinder 35; Z.Z.
loaded strikers. They are normally used in 35)
antipersonnel mines, activated antitank mines, a. Description. The pull fuze 35 (fig. 45) con­
and booby traps. Fuzes in the second group sists of a cylindrical brass case containing a
have coiled pull wires in a chemical compound. spring-loaded striker held by two striker-re-
AGO 2754A
48
 TRIP-WIRE r-SAFETY PIN
HOLE

RETAINING
NUT

STRIKER SPRING

STRIKER-HOUSING
SPRING

STRIKER
HOUSING
STRIKER-RETAINING
BALLS (2)c STRIKER-HOUSING GUIDE

STRIKER

PERCUSSION
CAP

STANDARD
BASE

Figure 45. Pull fuze 35.

taining balls and a safety pin. The striker is (3) The released striker, driven by the
cocked inside a hollow, .cylindrical, spring- striker spring, fires the percussion cap
loaded striker housing two striker-retain­ and the detonator.
ing balls. A percussion cap is located in the base cl. Installing and Arming.
of the fuze. The fuze is 2% inches long.
(1) Insert a standard detonator into the
b. Employment. This fuze is used with stake
base of the fuze.
mines (par. 87), the S-mine 35 (par. 85), and
(2) Screw the fuze into a mine or charge.
the Schu’mine 44 (par. 93). It is also used for
(3) Attach a slack trip wire, first to an
activating Tellermines and for booby traps em­
anchor (stake or tree) and then to the
ploying trip wires. The fuze is provided with
fuze.
a standard base which fits all standard fuze
(4) Unscrew the retaining nut from the
wells in charges, grenades, and mines.
end of the safety pin and remove the
c. Functioning.
safety pin.
(1) After the safety pin has been removed,
a pull of from 9 to 13 pounds on the e. Neutralizing.
trip wire moves the striker housing (1) Insert the safety pin, a wire, or nail,
outward, compressing the striker­ in the safety-pin hole.
housing spring. (2) Remove the trip wire.
(2) The two striker-retaining balls are (3) Remove the fuze and the detonator
forced outward as they clear the from the mine or charge.
striker-housing guide, releasing the (4) Remove the detonator from the fuze.
spring-loaded striker. /. Packing. Ten fuzes are packed in a tin box.
AGO 2754A
49
45. Pull Fuze 35, Modified (Zug-und- a spring-loaded striker with a lapped joint re­
Zerschneideziinder 35 Um- lease. It is housed in a cylindrical brass case.
gedndert; Z.u.Z.Z. 35) The spring-loaded striker is recessed at the top
and held to the pull cap by a lapped joint. A
a. Description. The pull fuze 35 modified threaded percussion-cap assembly is screwed
(fig. 54), is an instantaneous, mechanical type into the base of the fuze. The fuze measures
containing a spring-loaded striker with a pin 3%fi inches in length and inch in diameter.
release. The fuze is identical to the pull, tension­ b. Employment. This fuze is used to activate
release fuze 35 (par. 53), except that the trip antitank mines, booby traps, and antipersonnel
wire hole at the end of the pull cylinder is cut mines.
off. This prevents the fuze from functioning by c. Functioning. An outward pull of approxi­
tension release and allows it to function only by mately 3 pounds on the pull ring compresses the
pull. This fuze is also called Zugziinder (Schlag- striker spring, pulls the striker shaft partially
ziinder) or pull fuze (percussion fuze) and has out of the top of the fuze, and shears the lapped
the words NUR ZUGZUNDER (pull fuze only) joint between the pull cap and the striker shaft.
stamped on the case. This action releases the spring-loaded strikei*
b. Employment. This fuze is used with stake against the percussion cap.
mines (par. 87) and the S-mine (par. 85). It is d. Installing and Arming.
also used in the side fuze wells of Tellermines (1) Insert a detonator into the fuze.
and in booby traps employing trip wires. (2) Insert the fuze and detonator into a
c. Functioning. mine or charge.
(1) A pull of approximately 40 pounds on (3) Attach one end of a slack trip wire to
the trip wire attached to the safety pin the pull ring of the fuze and attach the
pulls the pin out of the fuze. other end of the trip wire to the
(2) The pull cylinder, under pressure of anchor.
the main spring, moves downward e. Neutralizing. Since this fuze is not pro­
until the striker-retaining pins escape vided with a safety device, the mine or charge
into the lower recess, releasing the should be destroyed in place.
spring loaded striker against the per­ Caution: Care must be taken when tying a
cussion cap firing the detonator. trip wire to the pull ring not to exert any pull
d. Installing and Arming. on the ring since the fuze will function when
(1) Insert a detonator into the base of the approximately 3 pounds of pull are exerted on
fuze. the pull ring.
(2) Screw the fuze into a mine or charge.
(3) Attach a slack trip wire to an anchor 47. Pull Fuze For Egg Grenades, (Brenn-
and to the safety-pin ring. ziinder Ei; B.Z.E.)
(4) Unscrew the retaining nut from the
end of the safety pin. a. Description. The pull fuze for egg
grenades consists of two types, the friction type
e. Neutralizing.
and the spring-loaded type.
(1) Cut any slack trip wires.
(2) Wire or tape the safety pin securely in (1) Frictiontype. The friction type pull fuze
place. (fig. 47) is a delay, friction, chem­
(3) Unscrew the fuze from the mine. ical type. It is housed in a cylindrical
(4) Remove the detonator from the fuze. metal case containing a coated pull
wire leading through, and coiled below,
/. Packing. Sixteen fuzes are packed in a tin
a chemical compound. The fuze is 21/g
box. inches long and % B of an inch in diam­
eter. A delay pellet may be screwed
46. Pull Fuze Z.Z. (Zugziinder) onto the base of the fuze. A round,
a. Description. The pull fuze Z.Z. (fig. 46) knob-shaped pull cap is screwed onto
is an instantaneous, mechanical fuze containing the top of the fuze and is attached by
AGO 2754A
50
 PULL RING

LAPPEP JOINT

STRIKER SPRING

STRIKER SHAFT

BRASS CASE

STRIKER

PERCUSSION
CAP

PERCUSSION­
CAP ASSEMBLY

Figure i6.

a pull disk and a pull cord to the coated cap. Some models, however, are pro­
pull wire. The pull cap of the fuze may vided with a wing-shaped nut (fig. 48)
be painted one of four colors, indicat­ with the wings pointing upward.
ing the length of the delay time, in (2) Spring-loaded type. The spring-loaded
seconds, of the delay pellet: type pull fuze (fig. 48) is identical to
Red: 1-second delay. . the friction type externally. It differs
Gray or pale blue: 4iZ>-second delay. internally in that it contains a flat,
Yellow: 7j/a- to 9-second delay. metal spring-loaded striker, and the
White: 10-second delay. fuze usually has a wing-shaped nut
A hexagonal nut is normally screwed screwed on the top. The pull cap of the
onto the top of the fuze, below the pull mechanical fuze is colored a deep blue.
AGO 2754A
51
 PULL CAP -—.

PULL DISK ->—

PULL CORD*—

RIGHT HAND
THREAD "

HEXAGONAL
2'/8 IN. NUT

CHEMICAL .
COMPOUND

FUZE CASE -

COATED PULL ,
WIRE

DELAY PELLET

Figure 47. Friction type pull fuze for egg grenades.

b. Employment. (2) Spring-loaded, type. When the pull cap

(1) The fuze with the red pull cap is used is unscrewed and the pull cord given a
with the German message-box smoke sharp pull, the striker shaft is pulled
flare. upward compressing the striker
(2) The pale-blue or gray-capped fuze is spring. When the striker latch is suffi­
normally used in the egg concussion ciently clear of the fuze case it disen­
grenade and the shaving-stick grenade. gages itself from the slot in the end of
(3) The yellow- and white-capped fuzes the striker shaft, releasing the striker
are used in hollow or prepared charges. against the percussion cap. The ex­
(4) The fuze with the deep-blue colored ploding percussion cap ignites the
pull cap is normally used in the egg powder in the delay pellet which, in
concussion grenade. turn, fires the detonator.
c. Functioning. d. Installing and Arming. Before using these
(1) Friction type. When the pull cap is fuzes, make sure the delay pellet is in the base
unscrewed and the pull cord given a of the fuze and has not been burned out. These
sharp pull, the coated pull wire is fuzes all have right-hand threads on the pull
pulled through and ignites the chemi­ caps to differentiate them at night from the fuse
cal compound. The flame ignites the lighter 39 (par. 49), which has left-hand
powder in the delay pellet which then threads. Trip wires may be attached to the pull
fires the detonator. caps of these fuzes.

52 AGO 2754A
 Figure J,8. Spring-loaded type pull fuze for egg grenades.
AGO 2764A

53
 Figure J,9. Fuse lighter 29.

e. Neutralizing. Since there are no safety pound. Running through the chemical com­
devices on any of these fuzes neutralization con­ pound is a coated pull wire, which is attached
sists of unscrewing the fuze from the grenade to a hook. The hook is soldered to the pull cap
or charge. which, in turn, is fastened to the pull ring.
There is no delay pellet in this fuse lighter. The
48. Fuse Lighter 29 (Ziindschnuranziin- pull ring is normally held to the fuse lighter
der 29; Zdschn. Anz. 29) case by a small metal pull-ring catch. The fuse
lighter is ty* inches long and 14 inch in diam­
a. Description. The fuse lighter 29 (fig. 49)
eter.
is an instantaneous, chemical fuse lighter. It
consists of a cylindrical brass case which houses b. Employment. This fuse lighter is used to
a metal capsule containing a chemical com­ I’ght time fuse attached to a prepared charge or
AGO 2754A
54
 hollow charge. It may also be used to ignite a (5) Screw the detonator adapter into the
smoke candle or, with a trip wire attached to charge.
the pull ring, as a fuze for a booby trap, acti­
(6) Disengage the pull ring from the pull­
vated antitank mine, or improvised mine. ring catch.
c. Functioning. As the pull ring is pulled out
(7) Tie one end of a slack trip wire to an
sharply, the pull cap together with the attached
anchor and the other end to the pull
hook is separated from the brass case. As the
ring of the fuse lighter.
coated pull wire, which is attached to the hook,
is pulled through the metal capsule, the chem­ e. Neutralizing.
ical compound ignites. The flame ignites the (1) Cut the time fuse near the base of the
powder-train of the fuse at the base of the fuse fuse adapter of the fuse lighter 29.
lighter. (2) Cut any slack trip wires.
d. Installing and Arming. (3) Fasten the pull ring, by means of the
(1) Unscrew the shipping cap. pull-ring catch, to the side of the fuse
(2) Insert a length of time fuse into a fuse lighten- case.
adapter and screw the fuse adapter (4) Unscrew the fuse adapter from the
onto the base of the fuse lighter. fuse lighter and remove the time fuse.
(3) Insert the other end of the time fuse
into a detonator adapter. 49. Fuse Lighter 39 (Ziindschnuranziin-
(4) Insert the detonator into the detonator der 39; Zdschn. Anz. 39)
adapter.
a. Description. The fuse lighter 39 (fig. 50)

Figure 50. Fuse lighter 39.

AGO 2754A

55
is an instantaneous, chemical fuse lighter with d. Installing and Arming.
a coated pull wire. Externally, this fuse lighter (1) Insert a length of time fuse into an
resembles the pull fuze for egg grenades, but adapter and screw the adapter onto
lacks the hexagonal or the wing-shaped nut and the base of the fuse lighter.
the delay pellet. The gray pull cap of the fuse (2) Insert the other end of the safety fuse
lighter 39 is left-hand threaded to differentiate into a detonator adapter.
it from the pull fuze for egg grenades. The fuse (3) Insert a detonator into the detonator
lighter is 21/3 inches long. adapter.
b. Employment. This fuse lighter is used to (4) Screw the detonator adapter into the
light a time fuse attached to a prepared charge charge.
or hollow charge. It may also be used to ignite e. Neutralizing.
a smoke candle or, with a trip wire attached to (1) Cut the time fuse near the base of the
the pull cap, as a fuze for a booby trap, activated fuse lighter 39.
antitank mine, or improvised mine. (2) Unscrew the fuse adapter from the
c. Functioning. When the pull cap is un­ fuse lighter and remove the time fuse.
screwed and given a sharp pull, the pull cord
attached to the coated pull wire pulls the coated 50. Friction Fuzes For Stick Grenades
pull wire through the chemical compound and Four models of friction fuzes were designed
ignites it. The flame travels down through the for use in the German stick grenades (potato­
threaded base and ignites the time fuse. masher grenades). The friction fuze (B.Z. 24)

COATED
PULL'WIRE

CAPSULE

CHEMICAL

DETONATOR
ADAPTER

Figure 51. Friction fuze 2J(.

AGO 275-1A
56
 24 (fig- 5!) and the friction fuze 39, modified
(B.Z. 39 umg.) (fig- 52) were used in the stick
concussion grenades. The friction fuze for
smoke charges 38 (Nebel brennziinder 38; Nb.
B.Z. 38) (fig- 52), and the friction fuze 39
(B.Z. 39) (fig- 52) were used in the stick
smoke grenades. All four of these fuzes have a
cylindrical, soft-metal case. All of them func­
tion by pulling a coated pull wire through a cap­
sule filled with a chemical compound. Each fuze
has a 4^-second delay pellet screwed into its
base, and each has a standard-thread detonator
adapter screwed onto the base of the delay pel­
let. The friction fuzes 39 and 39 modified are
later models of the friction fuze for smoke
charges 38 and the friction 24, respectively. The
friction fuzes for smoke charges 38 and the fric­
tion fuze 39 have A white ring painted around
the case, near the base. The friction fuze 39 has
five small holes in its threaded base. Figure 51
shows a cutaway view of the friction fuze 24.
The internal construction of the other three
fuzes is essentially the same.
51. Friction Fuze, West (Reibziinder,
West)
a. Description. The friction fuze, West (fig.
53) is an instantaneous chemical type. The
round brass case contains a pellet of chemical
compound fastened to the end of a pull wire.
The space between the pull wire and the inner
wall of the case is filled with a chemical com­
pound and is sealed at the lower end with a
paper disk. The detonator is contained in a
threaded detonator holder. The fuze is 2%
inches long and l1/^ inches in diameter.
b. Employment. This fuze is used in impro­
vised shell mines.
c. Functioning. A pull of 75 to 100 pounds on
the pull wire draws the pellet through the chem­
ical compound and ignites the flash composition
which, in turn, fires the detonator.
d. Installing and Arming.
(1) Screw the fuze into the fuze well of
the mine.
(2) Attach a slack trip wire to the pull
wire on the fuze.
e. Neutralizing.
(1) Cut the slack trip wire attached to the
fuze.
(2) Unscrew the fuze by gripping the top
of the brass case. r- Figure 52. Stick grenade fuzes.
AGO 2754A
57
 BRASS CASE

CHEMICAL
COMPOUND

CARDBOARD
DISK

CHEMICAL
PELLET

FELT WASHER

DETONATOR

DETONATOR
HOLDER

Figure 53. Friction fxize, West.

Section VII. PULL, TENSION-RELEASE FUZES

52. General 53. Pull Tension-Release Fuze 35 (Zug-

und-Zerschneideziinder 35; Z.u.
The Germans employed only one pull, tension­
Z.Z. 35)
release fuze, the Z.u.Z.Z. 35 (par. 53). This fuze
proved to be dangerous to handle and was modi­ a. Description. The pull, tension-release fuze
fied by cutting off the hole for the taut trip wire 35 (fig. 54) is an instantaneous, mechanical
type. Externally, it closely resembles the pull
at the end of the pull cylinder. This modified
fuze 35 (par. 44), except that the case is longer
Z.u.Z.Z. 35 (par. 45) was marked NUR ZUG- and the safety-pin projects through the pull
ZUNDER (only pull fuze) on the case. It oper­ cylinder flush with the top of the cylindrical
ated by the withdrawal of the safety pin which brass case. The fuze is 4% inches long. The
had a trip wire attached. cylindrical brass case contains a spring-loaded
AGO 2754A
58
striker held inside a spring-loaded pull cylinder (2) A pull of at least 9 pounds on the trip
by two striker-retaining pins. A brass collar at wire pulls out the pull cylinder, fur­
the top of the fuze encloses the pull cylinder and ther compressing the main spring until
has two slots through which the safety pin is the striker-retaining pins escape into
inserted. At the end of the pull cylinder, which the upper recess, releasing the spring-
projects above the top of the fuze, is a trip-wire loaded striker against the percussion
hole. Just below the trip-wire hole is a safety- cap.
pin hole. The slots in the brass collar permit
positioning of the pull cylinder for easy removal d. Installing and Arming.
of the safety pin when the fuze is to be armed. (1) Insert a detonator into the fuze.

SAFETY-PIN SAFETY-PIN
HOLE SLOT

BRASS
COLLAR
MAIN SPRING

PULL CYLINDER

STRIKER SPRING

BRASS CASE

UPPER
RECESS

STRIKER

STRIKER-RETAINING
LOWER PINS (2)
RECESS

PERCUSSION
CAP

STANDARD
BASE

Figure 54- Pull, tension-release fuze 35.

b. Employment. This fuze is used with anti­ (2) Screw the fuze into the mine or charge.
personnel mines, improvised mines, booby traps, (3) Anchor the taut trip wire.
and activated antitank mines. (4) Tie the loose end of the taut trip wire
c. Functioning. When properly armed, this to the trip-wire hole in the end of the
fuze functions when the taut trip wire is pulled pull cylinder, adjusting the tension of
or cut. the trip wire so the safety pin is posi­
(1) When the wire is cut, the pull cylinder, tioned nearly in the center of the slots
under pressure of the main spring, in the brass collar. If the safety pin
moves downward until the striker­ bears against either end of the safety-
retaining pins escape into the lower pin slot, the pin cannot be readily
recess, releasing the spring-loaded withdrawn.
striker against the percussion cap. (5) Unscrew the retaining nut on the
AGO 2754A
59
 safety pin and withdraw the safety pin (1) Insert a pin or nail into the safety-pin
with a long piece of wire or cord. hole through the safety-pin slot. Tape
Note. The Germans provided this fuze with it in position.
an 8-inch tube of heavy cloth to cover the
fuze and part of the trip wire. This allows (2) Cut the taut trip wire after checking
the pull cylinder to move freely when the fuze the anchor end.
is buried in the ground or among camou­
flaged materials. (3) Unscrew the fuze and remove the
e. Neutralizing. detonator.

Section VIII. CLOCKWORK AND CHEMICAL DELAY FUZES

54. General and is fastened to the striker-retaining disk by

a small set screw. Only the upper portion of the
The three types of standard German delay striker shaft is exposed to the chemical reaction
fuzes described in this section were designed to by the acid after it seeps into the reaction cham­
be used with concealed charges which would be ber. All other parts of the striker are protected
detonated sometime after an area had been from the acid by rubber washers.
given up to opposing forces. In World War II
these fuzes were found attached to charges un­ b. Employment. This fuze is used for the de­
der bridge spans, in important buildings in layed detonation of large charges in areas
cities and towns, and in ammunition dumps. abandoned to an opposing force.
The fuzes could be used by saboteurs to demol­ c. Functioning. The acid corrodes the ex­
ish strategically important installations and posed part of the striker shaft in the reaction
structures after the saboteurs had time to get chamber until the striker shaft breaks, releasing
away. These fuzes function either by a clock­ the spring-loaded striker against the percussion
work type of mechanism or by chemical action. cap. The higher the temperature the more rapid
They are all similar in that the mechanism is the chemical reaction on the striker shaft. The
housed in a bakelite or plastic container. The chemical reaction ceases below —40° F, but re­
lapse between the time the fuze is armed and the sumes as soon as the temperature rises above
time the charge is exploded varies from 1 min­ that point. The following temperatures and the
ute to 167 days. corresponding delay period until chemical reac­
tion completely corrodes the striker shaft are
55. Chemical-Mechanical Time Delay given as a guide:
Fuze 41W (Chemisch-Mechan- 68° F---------------------- 3 to 5*4 days
ischer Zeitzunder 41W; C.M.Z. 32° F______________ 21 to 31 days
41W) —31° F______________ 96 to 167 days
a. Description. The chemical-mechanical time d. Installing and Arming.
delay fuze 41 (fig. 55) is a delay, chemical, (1) Remove the threaded arming cap and
handset fuze containing a spring-loaded striker insert the glass ampoule of chemical,
with a corrosive-neck release. It is 5i/o inches neck down, into the top of the fuze.
long and 114 inches in diameter. The fuze con­ (2) Screw on the arming cap until the top
sists of a cylindrical black bakelite case with a is felt to contact the top of the glass
threaded arming cap and a combination brass ampoule.
percussion-cap-and-detonator holder screwed
into the base of the fuze. Inside the upper part (3) Insert a detonator into the base of the
of the fuze is a glass ampoule containing acid. fuze and screw the fuze into the charge.
The glass ampoule rests on a bakelite, striker­ (4) Screw the arming cap of the fuze on
retaining disk having four seep holes which pass further until the glass ampoule breaks,
through to the reaction chamber below. The causing the acid to seep down into the
spring-loaded striker is made of white metal reaction chamber. The fuze is now

60 AGO 2754*
 GLASS
AMPOULE

SET SCREW STRIKER

RETAINING DISC

SEEP HOLE
RUBBER
SEALING WASHER
REACTION
CHAMBER

NECK EXPOSED STRIKER SHAFT

TO CORROSION

RUBBER STRIKER SPRING

SEALING WASHERS

STRIKER HEAD
BAKELITE
HOUSING

PERCUSSION CAP PERCUSSION CAP-

AND-DETONATOR
HOLDER

STANDARD THREAD

Figure 55. Chemical-mechanical time delay fuze J>1W.

functioning, but it is safe to handle for 56. 5-Minute Clockwork Delay Fuzes
(Zeitziinder fur F; Zeitziinder
at least 5 hours.
fur Spriih BUchse 37)
e. Neutralizing. If at all possible, any charge
a. Description. Three types of the five-min­
with this fuze should be blown in place. There
ute clockwork delay fuzes exist (figs. 56, 57, and
is no safety device on this fuze, and it is impos­ 58). They are all similar. The fuze is a delay,
sible to know at what moment the strike!' shaft mechanical type containing a spring-loaded
may break under the corrosive action of the striker with a clockwork release. It consists of
acid. If it is necessary to neutralize the fuze, a simple clockwork mechanism housed in a cyl­
one man only should carefully unscrew it from indrical bakelite case. The fuze has a time indi­
the charge and remove the detonator. cator, graduated in minutes, on the front and
/. Packing. The fuzes, with the ampoules but a winding post in the back. The time indicator
can be turned to any of the desired number of
without the detonators, are packed eight to a
minutes, up to 5. A safety pin, when in place,
cardboard carton.
AGO 2754A
61
prevents the mechanism from running. A ting window. Both of these types have
threaded bakelite cap permits access to the standard bases.
mechanism. (2) Type III. The type III fuze (fig. 58)
is longer than types I and II, measur­
(1) Types I and. II. The type I (fig. 56) ing 41/2 inches in length and 1% inches
and type II (fig. 57) fuzes are 3 inches in diameter. The type III has an arm­
long and 11/4 inches in diameter. Both ing knob in the top of the fuze which
types have a winding key carried in a can be turned to either scharf (armed)
recess in the top of the threaded bake­ or sicker (safe). A safety pin pre­
lite cap. The only differences between vents the shaft of the arming knot
the two fuzes are that type I has its from turning and also prevents the
striker shaft from moving. The base
setting dial outside the case and has a
of the fuze does not have the standard­
double-looped safety pin. Type II has thread adapter, but has instead a
a setting dial inside the case, a circular spring clip on each side of the fuze to
glass window for viewing the dial, and hold the fuze in the charge. An alumi­
a single-looped safety pin. Type I has num detonator holder screws into the
the letters Zt. Z. f. F. on the front be­ base of the fuze. The winding key for
low the dial, and type II has the letters this fuze is not attached to the fuze
Zt. Z. f. Sp. Bu. 37 below the glass set­ as in types I and II.

AGO 2754A
62
 Figure 57. 5-minute clockwork delay fuze, type II.

b. Employment. The 5-minute clockwork de­ III, turn the arming dial to sicker and
lay fuzes are used in the bounding gas mine 37 then insert a safety pin.
(par. 100), and in sabotage work. (2) Remove the fuze from the charge.
c. Functioning. The spring-loaded striker is
attached to the clockwork mechanism by a 57. 21-Day Clockwork Delay Fuze, J.
Feder 504 (Uhrwerkziinder, J.
hinged arm which also holds the striker in a
Feder 504)
cocked position. As the clockwork unwinds, the
hinged arm as pushed aside by a slowly revolv­ a. Description. The 21-day clockwork delay
ing cam. At the end of the set delay, the striker fuze J. Feder 504 (fig. 59) is a mechanical type.
is released, firing the detonator. The fuze is 3% inches in diameter and 7%
d. Installing and Arming. inches high. It has an aluminum case contain­
ing a spring-loaded striker actuated by a clock­
(1) Wind the clockwork with the winding work mechanism through a trip lever. There
key and set the dial at the desired are two dials for setting the delay period. The
delay in minutes. dial marked in red (rot) is for the number of
(2) Insert the fuze into the charge. days (tage). It can be set for any number of
(3) Remove the safety-pin-retaining wire days up to 21. The dial marked in black
and pull the safety pin out of the fuze. (schwarz) is for hours (stunden). It is gradu­
This starts the clockwork mechanism. ated in i/j.-hour increments up to 24 hours. Two
In type III set the arming knob at screws are provided for a hole in the side of
scharf. the base of the fuze. The screw marked blind
merely closes the hole, allowing the safety
e- Neutralizing. spring to push the safety block under the
(1) For types I and II, insert a wire or shoulder of the striker shaft. This is a positive
nail into the safety-pin hole. For type safety. The screw marked scharf (armed) is
AGO 2754a
63
 Figure 58. 5^minute clockwork delay fuze, type III.

64 AGO 2754'
 the arming screw. It pushes the spring-loaded percussion cap, the detonator, and the main
safety block away from the striker shaft just charge.
far enough so the shoulder of the striker shaft d. Installing and Arming.
will go through the hole in the safety block. A (1) Test the fuze by setting it for 15 min­
modified model of the J. Feder 504 is fitted with utes to see that it is functioning cor­
an electrical-control base consisting of two wire rectly. Re-cock the fuze with the re­
leads connected to an electric detonator placed cocking device.
in a charge. The modified version also has two (2) Unscrew the cover and wind the clock
terminals in the top of the fuze for wiring into by turning the knurled winding knob
an electrical circuit. clockwise.

TIME SETTING
WINDING KNOB KNOB

COVER

RELEASE
RING

CASE
HOLDING
CLOCKWORK
MECHANISM

TRIP IEVER

STRIKER SHAFT

STRIKER SPRING

ARMING
SCREW SAFETY BLOCK

SAFETY SPRING

STRIKER
PERCUSSION CAP

PERCUSSION
CAP HOLDER

Figure 59. 21-day clockwork delay fuze, J. Feder 50k.

b. Employment. This device is used for the (3) Turn the knurled time-setting knob in
delayed detonation of large charges in areas the top of the fuze to the desired delay.
abandoned to an opposing force. (4) Attach the detonator to the percus­
c. Functioning. At the end of the delay pe­ sion-cap holder, and insert the fuze in
riod, determined by the setting, a lever arm on the charge.
e 1Qtating control disk on the clockwork bears (5) Remove the screw marked blind in the
against the trip lever, disengaging the head of base of the fuze, and screw in the arm­
e striker shaft. The released striker fires the ing screw marked scharf (armed).
* AGO 2754A
65
 (6) Turn the release ring above the setting dentally disengaged from the head of
indicator window so the red mark is the striker shaft.
opposite geht (go). (2) Turn the red mark on the release ring
e. Neutralizing. from geht (go) to steht (stop).
(1) Remove the arming screw marked (3) Remove the fuze and the detonator
scharf, which allows the spring-loaded from the charge.
safety block to move under the shoul­
der of the striker shaft. This keeps f. Packing. This fuze is packed in a black
the striker from descending far wooden box stenciled J. Feder 504. The percus­
enough to strike the percussion cap, sion-cap holder and the re-cocking device are
in the event the trip lever is acci­ carried in the welled blocks (fig. 60).

>1
SPARE PERCUSSION
CAP HOLDER

RECOCKING
DEVICE

Figure 60. 21-day clockwork delay fuze, J. Feder 504, packed in the standard carrying case.

Section IX. INDUCTION FUZES

58. General mine detector was swept over the fuze. In Jan­
As early as December 1943, the Russians had uary, 1944, the Germans experimented with s
developed a frequency-induction fuze designed number of captured Soviet frequency-induction
to detonate mines or charges when an electronic fuzes and found that 86 percent of them wer«
AGO 276U
66
unreliable. The Germans perfected this type The internal elements of the fuze are mounted
of fuze in early 1944 and produced the SM-12 on sponge-rubber pads and are bolted to the
fuze which was much superior to the Russian case. A tube for the detonator cable passes
model. A modified and simplified model was through the fuze and out at both the top and
produced by the Germans at the end of World the bottom of the fuze. It is closed by a cork
War II. None of these fuzes were known to on the top and by a shipping cap on the bottom.
have been actually employed in combat. An arming nut or screw is located on the top of
the case, with a white arrow to indicate the
59. Frequency-Induction Fuze SM-12 direction to turn it for arming the fuze. A
(Frequenzinduktionziinder SM-12 cable connects the fuze to an electric detonator
F.I.Z. SM-12) (fig. 62).
a. Description. The frequency-induction fuze b. Employment. This fuze is designed to ex­
SM-12 (fig. 61) is an instantaneous, electrical plode a mine or charge to which it is connected,
fuze in which frequency induction closes an by picking up the signal emitted by an elec­
electrical circuit. Two models were made. The tronic mine detector sweeping mine fields and
earlier model is housed in a black, cylindrical, roads.
laminated-wood case and the later model is c. Functioning. When the search coil of a
housed in a black, cylindrical, bakelite case. frequency-bridge type mine detector, operating
Both models measure 6% inches in diameter in the frequency range of between 800 and 2000
and 3% inches in height. They weigh about 2.5 cycles, is passed over an armed fuze within a
pounds. The contents of the two models are— maximum distance of 17 inches, its signal is
Item Wood case Bakelite case picked up by the pickup coil in the fuze. This
Sensitive relay 3 1 closes the secondary or safety arming switch,
Dry-disk rectifier 1 1
Pick-up coil 1 1 completing the circuit and firing the electric
Condenser 2 2 detonator. The details of the internal function­
Resister 2 2 ing of both models are as follows:
Leaf type arming-delay switch 2 1
Electrolytic-delay arming 0 1
(1) Wood-cased model. See the wiring dia­
switch gram (fig. 63). The circuit is made up
1.5-volt dry-cell battery 2 2 of three stages: the arming circuit, the

ARMING SCREW FLASH TUBE

FLASH TUBE LID RETAINING
NUT
/
WIRE TO
DETONATOR

ARMING NUT

WOODEN CASE BAKELITE CASE

a. WOODEN CASED FUZE b. PLASTIC CASED FUZE

RUBBER INSULATION
*
Figure 61. Frequency-induction fuze SM-12.
AGO 2764A
67
 ELECTRIC
LEADS

FLASH TUBE

GALVIN
CABLE
RELAY

BATTERY
RELAYS

BATTERY

UNDERSIDE OF LID

SPONGE RUBBER
CONTACTS MOUNTING

pickup or receiver circuit, and the fir­ re’ay 1 (the microammeter relay).
ing circuit. However, certain com­ A signal picked up by the coil is
ponents are included in more than one rectified. If sufficiently strong, it
of these circuits. causes relay 1 to close. This com­
(а) The arming circuit comprises the pletes the circuit (cell 2 through the
initial and the delay arming contacts of relay 3, the coil of relay
switches, dry cell 1, and relay 3. Re­ 2, contacts of relay 1, initial arming
lay 3 is normally closed. When the switch) and causes relay 2 to close.
external arming screw is unscrewed At the same time, since the coil of
the delay arming switch No. 2 is relay 1 is in parallel with that of
closed and the circuit from dry cell relay 2, an additional current, lim­
No. 1 through relay No. 3 is closed ited by the resistance Rl, will pass
opening the firing circuit. The fir­ through the coil of relay 1 and tend
ing circuit will remain open until to keep its contacts closed. The
cell 1 has discharged to such an ex­ closing of relay 2 also completes the
tent that it can no longer hold relay firing circuit (the contacts of relays
3 open. This should occur fairly 2 and 3, the initial arming switch
rapidly since the coil of relay 3 is and cell 2) and fires the electric det­
short-circuited by resistance 2, a onator. The pickup coil has an in­
short spiral of wire of 2.5 ohms re­ ductance of 750 microhenries and s
sistance. The reclosing of relay 3 resistance of about 1000 ohms. The
completes the arming of the fuze. resonant peak of the tuned circuit
(б) The receiver circuit comprises the occurs at about 1050 cycles pei' sec­
pickup coil (which is tuned by two ond. The microammeter relay (re
fixed 0.01-farad condensers), the lay 1) closes at a current of about
dry-disk rectifier, and the coil of 10 microamperes.
AGO 2754'
68
 DRY DISC RECTIFIER 5K_n.

V MICROAMMETER
PICK-UP RELAY

WIRE -
LEADS TO
DETONATOR
z s.
LEAF TYPE CONTACT METAL
ARMING SWITCH POST \ LEAF SPRING
f.
▼—---- METAL RUBBER
BOSS DIAPHRAGM
CONTACT
LIQUID
IRON CASE

EBONITE
POST ARMING DELAY
DEVICE
-WWAV
Figure 63. Wiring diagram of the two models of the SM-12 frequency-induction fuze.

(2) Plastic-cased model. The internal com­ partially filled with liquid, with a rub­
ponents and layout of this later model ber diaphragm over the otherwise
are generally similar to those of the open end of the container. A central
earlier model, with the exception that metal boss protrudes from the top of
the leaf type arming-delay switch has the diaphragm and continues under­
been replaced by an electrolytic-delay neath as a screw, ending in a sharp
switch which eliminates the firing re­ point which rests in a recess in the
lay. The circuit is much simplex' than top of an ebonite post attached to the
that of the earlier model. The arm­ base of the case. Above the case and
ing-delay device holds the firing circuit contacting the boss (when in the un­
open, after the arming nut has been armed position) is a metal leaf spring
unscrewed, for about 2 hours. The supported between two copper strips.
device consists of a small iron case Above this leaf spring is a contact
AGO 2754A
69
 post. When current passes through the ble to the detonator or by forcing
device, electrolysis takes place, and the the initial arming switch open,
gases released force up the rubber without such action causing deto­
diaphragm and cause the leaf spring nation of the mine or charge.
to snap up, striking the contact post (&) A battery may have been connected
and completing the arming circuit of in series to the cable wires leading
the fuze. from the fuze to the detonator. If
d. Installing and Arming. Turn the arming so, these wires must be cut one at a
nut in the top of the case in the direction of the time; otherwise, the mine will ex­
arrow. This action closes the initial arming plode when the two cable wires are
switch (leaf type) and completes the circuit to shorted by the cutter.
(c) The arming contacts may be acti­
the delay switch, which becomes armed after a
delay of 11/4 to 2 hours. vated in such a way that insertion
of the stick into the arming hole
e. Neutralizing. closes the contacts and sets off the
(1) Method 1. mine or charge. Although in the
(а) Remove the cover leading to the majority of cases it may be safe to
mine or charge. Without shaking or neutralize the fuze by inserting a
jarring the fuze, carefully pull out stick or other nonconducting mate­
the cable with the detonator at­ rial into the arming hole and open­
tached. ing the contacts, it is best to assume
(б) Bury the end of the cable, with the that all these fuzes are unsafe to
detonator attached, in the ground neutralize in this manner.
and then cut the cable. This acts as f. Detection.
a safeguard in case the detonator (1) The SCR-625 electronic mine detector
explodes. may be modified so that it can safely
(2) Method 2. Unscrew the fuze from the be used to locate the SM-12 fuze.
mine, if the fuze is screwed to the Modification is accomplished by re­
mine by the flash tube, and pull the ducing the power of the SCR-625 so
cable and detonator out of the mine. it will not actuate the detonator.
(3) Method 3. Neutralization may also be Power can be reduced by placing a
accomplished by pushing a wood 2500-ohm resistor across terminals 4
plug through the arming-screw hole and 5 of the 1G6G oscillator tube. See
and forcing open the arming switch. TM 11-1122 for detailed instructions.
(4) Precautions. (2) When the SCR-625 is operating on
(a) Recent development may well have reduced power, it is still able to locate
made this type fuze impossible to either the SM-12 or standard metal
neutralize either by cutting the ca­ mines from a distance of 2 to 3 feet.

AGO 276*
70
 CHAPTER 6
ANTITANK MINES

Section I. STANDARD ANTITANK MINES

60. General c. Functioning.

(1) Pressure.
German mines and the packing crates for
them are characterized by their elaborate con­ (a) Antipersonnel. The indicator mark
struction and intricately machined parts. Al­ on the slotted disk (marked
most all standard German mines were marked DRUCK) of the pressure-pull fuze
somewhere on the case with the abbreviation 29 is opposite the 45 KG mark and
of the name of the mine. German mines were the striker is held in a cocked posi­
so well constructed and proved so effective that tion by one shear pin. A pressure
even today the armies of many European coun­ of 99 pounds, or more, on the fuze
tries retain stocks of German World War II shears the shear pin. The striker,
mines for training and use in the field. driven by the striker spring, fires
the percussion cap, the detonator,
and the main charge.
61. Tellermine 29; T—5 Mine (T.Mi. 29) (&) Antitank. The indicator mark on
a. Description. The Tellermine 29 (T-5 the slotted disk of the pressure-pull
mine) (fig. 64) has a plate-shaped case of sheet- fuze 29 is opposite the 125 KG mark
zinc. It is about 10 inches in diameter and 2% and the striker is now held in a
inches high and weighs 13. pounds, including cocked position by both shear pins.
about 10 pounds of explosive. The mine case A pressure of 276 pounds, or more,
has three main fuze wells in the top, two acti­ shears the shear pins. The striker,
vating fuze wells in the side, and one activating driven by the striker spring, fires
fuze well in the bottom. Two carrying handles the percussion cap, the detonator,
are attached to the mine case. This mine uses and the main charge.
the pressure-pull fuze 29 (par. 36), which can (2) Pull. The indicator mark on the slotted
be set to detonate by either pressure or pull, disk of the pressure-pull fuze 29 is
in the main fuze wells. Any pull fuze with opposite ZUG and the striker is held
standard threads can be used in the activating in a cocked position only by the pull
fuze wells. Although the Tellermine 29 was pin. A pull of 10 pounds pulls out the
designed for antitank use, it is actually a dual­ pull pin. The striker, driven by the
purpose mine since the pressure-pull fuze 29 striker spring, fires the percussion cap,
can be actuated by personnel when the indicator the detonator, and the main charge.
mark on the slotted disk is opposite the 45 KG d. Installing and Arming.
mark or ZUG.
(1) Place the mine in a hole in the ground,
b. Employment. The Tellermine 29 was used with its top flush with the top of the
m road blocks and mine fields until it was re­ ground.
placed by the Tellermine 35 (par. 62). It was (2) Remove the shipping caps from three
used primarily against tanks and occasionally pressure-pull fuzes 29 and insert a
against personnel. detonator in the base of each fuze.
AGO 2764A
71
 ACTIVATING
FUZE WELL

2% IN.

10 IN.

Figure 64. Tellermine 29 (T-5 mine).

AGO 275^
72
 (3) Turn the slotted disks of the pressure­ pounds of explosive. The mine consists- of a
pull fuzes 29 to the desired setting (c circular, flat-bottomed, sheet-steel case with a
above). slightly convex pressure plate. The centrally
(4) Screw a pressure-pull fuze 29 into located main fuze well is provided with a pres­
each of the three main fuze wells in sure-plate spring between the pressure plate
the top of the mine. and the container for the main charge. The
(5) If activating is desired, screw any mine has two activating fuze wells, one in the
pull fuze with standard threads into side and one in the bottom, and a carrying
an activating fuze well. Refer to chap­ handle on the side of the mine. The Tellermine
ter 5 for the correct procedure on in­ fuze 35 (par. 15) is used in the main fuze well,
stalling and arming for the activating and any standard pull fuze may be used in the
, fuze. activating fuze wells.
(6) Attach wires or cords to the rings on b. Employment. This mine is used in road
the safety bars of the pressure-pull blocks and defense systems. It also may be
fuzes 29 and remove the bars from a enclosed in a waterproof jacket and used with
safe distance. antiboat obstacles along beaches.
Note. If the indicator mark of any of the c. Functioning.
pressure-pull fuzes 29 is set at ZUG and the (1) A pressure of about 400 pounds on the
pull pin is withdrawn by accident before the center or 200 pounds on the edge of
safety bar is removed, the striker engages in
a slot in the safety bar and prevents removal the pressure plate depresses the pres­
of the bar. sure plate, the pressure plate spring,
e. Neutralizing. Do not lift the mine until and the fuze case.
the side and bottom activating fuze wells have (2) The fuze case presses on the top of the
been examined for activating fuzes. If any are striker shaft, shearing the shear pin
present, neutralize them according to the in­ which holds the striker in a cocked
structions in chapter 5. To neutralize each of position.
the three pressure-pull fuzes 29 in the three (3) The striker, driven by the striker
main fuze wells in the top of the mine, proceed spring, sets off the percussion cap, the
as follows: detonator, the booster charge, and the
(1) If the original safety bar is available, main charge.
insert it in the slot marked SICH. Do d. Installing and Arming.
not try to insert an improvised safety (1) Place the mine in a hole with the car­
bar such as a nail or penknife into the rying handle in the horizontal or down
slot marked SICH because an edge position.
may come into contact with the per­ (2) Unscrew the wooden shipping plug
cussion cap and cause it to explode.
from the main fuze well and insert a
(2) Cut any slack trip wires attached to
detonator in the fuze well.
the pull pin.
(3) Screw in the threaded washer to hold
(3) Grasp the fuze around its base with­
the detonator in place and then screw
out touching the top and gently un­
in the adjusting collar. A special
screw the fuze from the mine.
wrench is provided in the fuze packing
(4) Remove the detonator from the fuze. box for screwing in the threaded
(5) Unscrew the percussion-cap-holder set washer and the adjusting collar.
screw and unscrew the percussion-cap (4) Place the rubber or leather washer
holder from the base of the fuze. in the groove of the adjusting collar.
62. Tellermine 35 (T.Mi. 35) (5) Screw the Tellermine fuze 35 into the
main fuze well until it bears on the
a. Description. The antitank Tellermine 35 rubber or leather washer.
(ng. 65) is 121/4 inches in diameter and 3*4 (6) If activating is desired, screw any pull
inches high. It weighs 19 pounds including 11 fuze with standard threads into an ac-
AGO 2754A
73
 SHARF ARMING DIAL

TELLERMINE
FUZE 35

SAFETY BOLT STRIKER SPRING

SAFETY-BOLT SAFETY
CLAW CAM
PRESSURE PLATE
SPRING

PERCUSSION CAP

SHEAR PIN
PRESSURE
WIRE PLATE

ISTRIKER

ADJUSTING LEATHER OR RUBBER

COLLAR WASHER

THREADED WASHER

DETONATOR

MAIN CHARGE ACTUATING

CAVITY FUZE WELL

Figure 65. TeUermine 35.

14 AGO 2754A
 tivating fuze well. Refer to chapter 5 (c) Remove the Tellermine fuze 35 and
for the correct procedure on installing then turn the arming dial from
and arming of the activating fuzes. scharf to sicher (safe). Tape or
(7) Turn the screw head arming dial in wire the safety bolt in place, and
the top of the Tellermine fuze 35 so the replace the fuze in the mine.
red dot points to scharf (armed). f. Packing. These mines are shipped in two
(8) Pull the safety bolt out by the wire different types of metal cases (fig. 66). One
attached to the safety-bolt claw. case holds two mines and weighs 51 pounds
e. Neutralizing. Inspect the Tellermine fuze loaded. The other case holds one mine and
35 carefully for any damage which might have weighs 28 pounds loaded.
partially sheared the shear pin.
(1) Damaged fuze. Do not attempt to neu­ 63. Tellermine 35 (Steel) (T.Mi.35(S))
tralize the fuze. Destroy the mine in
place with explosive or pull the mine a. Description. The Tellermine 35 (steel)
loose from a prone position with a 50- (fig. 67) is 12J/2 inches in diameter and 3^2
yard rope or wire, drag it to a safe inches high. It weighs 19 pounds, including 11
place, and destroy it. pounds of explosive. It differs from the Teller­
mine 35 in that it has a fluted pressure plate
(2) Undamaged fuze. to keep the sand covering from blowing off in
(a) Press in the safety bolt. desert areas; booster charges surround the fuze
Caution: If the safety bolt does not wells; and a threaded pressure plug conceals
press in easily, do not force. Treat as the main fuze, if it is a Tellermine fuze 42 (par.
a damaged fuze as in (1) above. 16) or 43 (par. 33). This pressure plug is not
(&) Neutralize the activating fuzes, if used if the mine is fitted with the Tellermine
any, and lift the mine. fuze 35 (par. 15).

Figure 66. Packing cases for the Tellermine 35.

AGO 2764a
75
 BOTTOM VIEW

-•——----------------------- ---— ------- ■ 12’/i IN.

Figure 67. Tellermine 85 (steel).

b. Employment. This mine is used in road tor in the fuze well. The pressure
blocks and defense systems. It was specifically plug is not used.
designed for use in desert countries where pre­ (c) Screw in the threaded washer to
vailing winds shift the sandy soil. hold the detonator in place and then
c. Functioning. A pressure of 200 pounds, or screw in the adjusting collar. A
more, on the pressure plug or the pressure plate special wrench is provided in the
actuates the fuze and fires the detonator, the fuze packing box for screwing in
booster charge, and the main charge. Unscrew­ the threaded washer and the adjust­
ing the pressure plug will also cause the mine ing collar.
to function. (d) Place the rubber or leather washer
in the groove of the adjusting collar.
d. Installing and Arming.
(e) Screw the Tellermine fuze 35 into
(1) Using the Tellermine fuze 35 (fig. 68). the main fuze well until it bears on
(a) Place the mine in the ground. the rubber or leather washer.
(&) Unscrew the pressure plug from the (/) If activating is desired, screw any
main fuze well and insert a detona­ pull fuze with standard threads into
AGO 2754A
76
 an activating fuze well. Refer to (e) Screw on the pressure plug.
chapter 5 for the correct procedure
(/) If activating is desired, screw any
on installing and arming of the ac­
pull fuze with standard threads into
tivating fuze. an activating fuze well. Refer to
(0) Turn the screw head arming dial in chapter 5 for the correct procedure
the top of the Tellermine fuze 35 so on installing and arming of the ac­
the red dot points to scharf tivating fuze.
(armed).
(h) Pull the safety bolt out by the wire (3) Using the Tellermine fuze 43.
attached to the safety-bolt claw. (a) Place the mine in the ground.
I
PERCUSSION CAP
PRESSURE PLATE
SAFETY BOLT SPRING

PRESSURE
PLATE

THREADED
WASHER

ADJUSTING BOOSTER
ACTIVATING
COLLAR CHARGE
FUZE WELL
MAIN CHARGE DETONATOR RUBBER OR LEATHER
CAVITY WASHER
Figure 68. Tellermine 35 (steel) with Tellermine fuze 35.

(2) Using the Tellermine fuze 42 (fig. 69). (5) Unscrew the pressure plug from the
(a) Place the mine in the ground. main fuze well and screw a fuze
(&) Unscrew the pressure plug from adapter into the fuze well.
the main fuze well and screw a fuze (c) Screw a detonator-retaining collar,
adapter into the fuze well. with the detonator, to the base of
(c) Screw a detonator-retaining collar, a Tellermine fuze 43.
with the detonator, to the base of (d) Insert the Tellermine fuze 43, with
a Tellermine fuze 42. detonator, into the fuze adapter.
(d) Insert the Tellermine fuze 42, with (e) Screw the pressure plug down until
detonator, into the fuze adapter. a click is heard. This indicates that
AGO 2754A
77
 PRESSURE PLUG
STRIKER
STRIKER SPRING
SHEAR PIN
FUZE ADAPTER
PRESSURE
PLATE SPRING PRESSURE PLATE

DETONATOR-RETAIN INGgj
COLLAR ------

BOOSTER
CHARGE.
PERCUSSION CAP
MAIN CHARGE ACTIVATING
CAVITY FUZE WELL
DETONATOR

MINE WITH TELLERMINE FUZE 42

Figure 69. Tellermine 85 (steel) with Tellermine fuze 42.

the arming shear pins have sheared ible when screwed into the mine.
and that the fuze is now armed. Inspect the fuze carefully for any
(/) If activating is desired, screw any damage which might have partially
pull fuze with standard threads into sheared the shear pin.
an activating fuze well. Refei' to (а) Damaged fuze. Do not attempt to
chapter 5 for the correct procedure neutralize the fuze. Destroy the
on installing and arming of the ac­ mine in place with explosive or pull
tivating fuze. the mine loose from a prone position
e. Neutralizing. with a 50-yard rope or wire, drag
(1) Tellermine fuze 35. This mine is safe it to a safe place, and destroy it.
to neutralize only when fitted with the (б) Undamaged fuze.
Tellermine fuze 35. This fuze is vis­ 1 Press in the safety bolt.

78 AGO 2754A
 Caution: If the safety bolt does f. Packing. One mine is packed in an open
not press in easily, do not force. wooden crate or two mines are packed on edge
Treat as a damaged fuze as in in a metal box with a hinged lid.
(a) above.
2 Neutralize the activating fuzes, if 64. Tellermine 42 (T.Mi. 42)
any, and lift the mine.
a. Description. The Tellermine 42 (fig. 70)
3 Remove the Tellermine fuze 35 and is 12% inches in diameter and 4 inches high.
then turn the arming dial from It weighs 19 pounds, including 11 pounds of
scharf to sicher. Tape or wire the explosive. It has a circular, fluted pressure
safety bolt in place, and replace plate, 6 inches in diameter, instead of an overall
the fuze in the mine. pressure plate as in the Tellermines 35 (par.
(2) Tellermine fuze 42 or 43. When either 62) and 35 (steel) (par. 63). A hexagonal,
the Tellermine fuze 42 or 43 is used, pressure plug in the center of the pressure plate
no attempt should ever be made to covers the main fuze well. The Tellermine 42
neutralize this mine. The pressure has two activating fuze wells, one in the bottom
plug is present when either of these and one in the side. A carrying handle is pro­
two fuzes is used. The mine should vided. This mine uses the Tellermine fuze 42
be destroyed in place or pulled loose (par. 16) or 43 (par. 33) in the main fuze well.
with rope or wire and dragged to a b. Employment. This mine is used primarily
safe place and then destroyed. When in mine belts, mine fields, and other areas sub­
pulling the mine loose, lie prone at ject to artillery fire and other blast effect. The
a distance of about 50 yards from the smaller pressure plate makes the mine less
mine. likely to be detonated from pressures caused

Figure 70. Tellermine 42.

AGO 2754A
79
by blast than the Tellermines 35 and 35 (steel). (6) Pressure release. Unscrewing the
The Tellermine 42 is also used in road blocks hexagonal pressure plug allows the
and defense systems. pressure sleeve to ride up under the
c. Functioning. force of the compressed striker
(1) If the Tellermine fuze 43 (fig. 71) is spring until the two striker-retain­
used, the mine can be set off by eithei’ ing balls escape into the lower re­
pressure or pressure release. cess, releasing the spring-loaded
striker against the percussion cap
(a) Pressure. Pressure of from 250 to
and firing the mine.
400 pounds applied to the hexagonal
pressure plug or to the pressure (2) If the Tellermine fuze 42 (fig. 72) is
plate forces the pressure sleeve used, the mine can be set off by pres­
down until the main shear pin rests sure only. Pressure of about 570
against the top of the fuze case. The pounds applied to the hexagonal pres­
pressure then shears the main shear sure plug or to the pressure plate
pin, forcing the pressure sleeve forces the pressure plug against the
down until the striker-retaining protruding striker shaft with suffi­
balls escape into the upper recess, cient force to shear the sheai- pin, re­
releasing the spring-loaded striker leasing the spring-loaded striker
against the percussion cap and fir­ against the percussion cap and firing
ing the mine. the mine.

ALTERNATE LOCATION
OF ARMING SHEAR PIN
HEXAGONAL PRESSURE PLUG

PRESSURE PLATE

MAIN SHEAR PIN

STRIKER SPRING

PRESSURE
SLEEVE
STRIKER RETAINING
BALLS (2)

SHEARED ARMING UPPER

SHEAR PIN RECESS

LOWER
RECESS STRIKER

PERCUSSION
CAP

BOOSTER CHARGE DETONATOR

Figure 71. Tellermine 42 with Tellermine fuze 43.

AGO 2754A
80
 HEXAGONAL STRIKER SPRING
PRESSURE PLUG ^^ PRESSURE
SHEAR PIN F PLATE
PRESSURE PLATE
SPRING \ RUBBER
GASKET
RUBBER
GASKET

STRIKER
SHAFT

PERCUSSION CAP

ACTIVATING
FUZE WELL

STRIKER j

DETONATOR

ACTIVATING . • MAIN
FUZE WEI 1 - - ______ ' CHARGE CAVITY
BOOSTER CHARGE

Figure 72. Tellermine 42 with Tellermine fuze 42.

AGO 2754A
81
 d. Installing and Arming. b. Employment. This mine is used in road
(1) Place the mine in the ground with the blocks and defense systems. The mushroom-
carrying handle horizontal or down. shaped pressure plate acts as a cover to make
(2) Unscrew the hexagonal pressure plug the mine more weatherproof than the other
from the main fuze well. Tellermines and causes it to function well under
all types of weather conditions. This mine and
(3) Screw a detonator-retaining collar,
other Tellermines were sometimes encased in
with the detonator, to the base of a
earthenware or concrete waterproofing slabs
Tellermine fuze 42 or 43. (fig. 74). Because of the waterproofing charac­
(4) Insert the Tellermine fuze 42 or 43, teristics, such mines are employed underwater
with detonator, into the main fuze at likely assault landing or stream crossing
well. points.
(5) Screw in the hexagonal pressure plug. c. Functioning.
If the Tellermine fuze 43 is being used, (1) If the Tellermine fuze 43 (fig. 37) is
screw the hexagonal pressure plug in used, the mine can be set off by either
until a click is heard. This indicates pressure or pressure release.
that the arming shear pins have
sheared and that the fuze is now (a) Pressure. Pressure of at least 570
armed. pounds applied to the mushroom,
shaped pressure plate forces the
(6) If activating is desired, screw any pull pressure sleeve down until the main
fuze with standard threads into an shear pin rests against the top of
activating fuze well. Refer to chapter
the fuze case. The pressure then
5 for the correct procedure on install­ shears the main shear pin, forcing
ing and arming for the activating the pressure sleeve down until the
fuze. striker-retaining balls escape into
e. Neutralizing. Since there is no visual way the upper recess, releasing the
to determine the type of fuze used, no attempt spring-loaded striker against the
should be made to neutralize the mine. The percussion cap and firing the mine.
mine should be destroyed in place or pulled (5) Pressure release. Unscrewing the
loose with rope or wire and dragged to a safe mushroom-shaped pressure plate
place and then destroyed. When pulling the allows the pressure sleeve to ride
mine loose, lie prone at a distance of about 50 up under the force of the compressed
yards from the mine. striker spring until the two striker­
f. Packing. One mine is packed in an open retaining balls escape into the lower
wooden crate or two mines are packed on edge recess, releasing the spring-loaded
in a metal box with a hinged lid. striker against the percussion cap
and firing the mine.
65. Tellermine 43 (Mushroom, Pilz) (T. (2) If the Tellermine fuze 42 (fig. 20) is
Mi. 43 (P)) used, the mine can be set off by pres­
sure only. Pressure of at least 570
a. Description. The Tellermine 43 (mush­ pounds applied to the mushroom­
room) (fig. 73) is 12^ inches in diameter and shaped pressure plate is sufficient to
4 inches high. It weighs 18 pounds, including shear the shear pin retaining the
12 pounds of explosive. It has a mushroom­ striker, releasing the spring-loaded
shaped pressure plate, 71/2 inches in diameter, striker against the percussion cap and
but no pressure plug. The entire pressure plate firing the mine.
unscrews to reveal the main fuze well. The
Tellermine 43 has two activating fuze wells, one d. Installing and Arming.
in the bottom and one in the side. A carrying (1) Place the mine in the ground with the
handle is provided. This mine uses the Teller­ carrying handle horizontal or down.
mine fuze 42 (par. 16) or 43 (par. 33) in the (2) Unscrew the mushroom-shaped pres­
main fuze well. sure plate from the fuze well.
AGO 27^
82
 7'/? IN?

J BOTTOM VIEW

PRESSURE PLATE
STRIKER SPRING' SHEAR PIN

PERCUSSION'CAP

STRIKER THIN METAL

SECTION

Tf
iZ-t
BOOSTER CHARGE

DETONATOR ACTUATING
FUZE WELL

MAIN CHARGE
CAVITY
SHEET METAL CASE

Figure 78. Tellermine 43 (mushroom) with Tellermine fuze 42.

AGO 2754A
83
 Figure 74. An earthenware pot for Tellermines.

(3) Screw a detonator-retaining collar, shear pins have sheared and that the
with the detonator, to the base of a fuze is now armed.
Tellermine fuze 42 or 43. (6) If activating is desired, screw any pull
(4) Insert the Tellermine fuze 42 or 43, fuze with standard threads into an
with detonator, into the main fuze activating fuze well. Refer to chapter
well. 5 for the correct procedure on install­
(5) Screw on the mushroom-shaped pres­ ing and arming for the activating fuze.
sure plate. If the Tellermine fuze 43 e. Neutralizing. Since there is no visual way
is being used, screw the mushroom­ to determine the type of fuze used, no attempt
shaped pressure plate until a click is should be made to neutralize the mine. The
heard. This indicates that the arming mine should be destroyed in place or pulled
AGO 2T54-*
84
loose with rope or wire and dragged to a safe blocks and in junctions and turnouts. Fewer
place and then destroyed. When pulling the of these mines are necessary to block a road or
niine loose, lie prone at a distance of about 50 to construct a mine field than conventional
yards from the mine. round mines.
f Packing. One mine is packed in an open c. Functioning. A pressure of 400 pounds on
wooden crate or two mines are packed on edge either end of the lid, or 800 pounds on the center,
in a metal box with a hinged lid. shears one or both shear wires and forces the
striker-retaining pin out of the striker shaft of
66. Bar Mine 43 (Riegelmine 43; R-Mine one or both fuzes, releasing the spring-loaded
43; R.Mi. 43) striker against the percussion cap and firing
the mine. Less pressure is required when thin­
a. Description. The antitank bar mine 43 ner shear wires are used.
(fig. 75) is 31j/2 inches long, 31/2 inches high, d. Installing and Arming.
and 3% inches wide. It weighs 20.5 pounds, in­ (1) Press down the spring-loaded shutters
cluding 8.8 pounds of explosive. The mine has and insert the safety bars.
three main parts: a steel tray, the metal- (2) Screw a pull fuze 42 into the main
encased main charge, and a steel lid which fits fuze well in each end of the metal-en­
over the tray and acts as a pressure plate. cased main charge.
(1) Tray. The tray is folded over at each (3) Open the swivel clips toward the ends
end and slotted so the striker shafts of the mine and insert the main charge
of pull fuzes 42 will just clear the slots so it is resting on the safety bars with
in these actuating plates. Holes for a the wings of the fuze striker-retaining
safety bar and shear wire (on which pins above the slotted shoulders on
the main charge rests) are located in the ends of the tray. Close the swivel
the sides of the tray at each end. A clips.
neutralizing hole is located in the bot­
(4) Place the lid over the main charge
tom of the tray at each end for insert­
and thread the shear wires through
ing a nail or wire. A hinged, spring-
the holes in the side of the lid. Pull
loaded shutter at each end of the tray
the ends of the shear wire up and over
closes the safety-bar holes when the
the lid and fasten them as shown in
mine is armed. A swivel clip covers
figure 80.
the slotted actuating plates when the
(5) Withdraw the safety bars.
main charge is in place.
(6) If activating is desired, screw any pull
(2) Main charge. The main charge has
fuze with standard threads into an
two main fuze wells, one at each end
activating fuze well. Refer to chapter
of the charge, and three activating
5 for the correct procedure on install­
fuze wells, one in the top of the charge
ing and arming for the activating
and two on one side. The main fuze
fuzes.
wells are fitted with the pull fuze 42
Note. By reversing one pull fuze 42 so its
(par. 42). wings are below the slotted shoulder, the
(3) Steel lid. The steel lid has a carrying mine will function when an attempt is made
handle at one end; a pair of slots at to lift the main charge from the tray.
each end to slide over the safety bars; e. Neutralizing. Neutralizing this mine is
a pair of shear-wire holes at each end dangerous, especially if the shear wires are
through which the shear wires are in­ rusted or thin shear wires are used. Whenever
serted, passed underneath the main practicable, it should be destroyed in place by
charge, and bent over the top of the hand-placed charges or pulled loose from a
lid to hold the charge in place; and distance of 50 yards with rope or wire and then
holes for the activating fuzes. The lid destroyed in a safe place. If this mine must be
fits over the charge and the tray. neutralized, proceed as follows:
5. Employment. Because of its length, this (1) Check for and neutralize any activat­
mine best employed in the support of road ing fuzes in the normal manner.
AGO 2754A
85
 CARRYING HANDLE

SHEAR WIRE

ACTIVATING
FUZE WELLS

SHEAR-WIRE HOLE

SAFETY-BAR HOLE

''STEEL TRAY

ACTIVATING FUZE WELL

metal-encased SHEAR WIRE

MAIN CHARGE '

STRIKER-RETAINING
PIN

ACTUATING PLATE

SHEAR-WIRE
B HOLE

SAFETY BAR

i PULL FUZE ;

SWIVEL CLIP

STEEL TRAY
SPRING-LOADED
NEUTRALIZING HOLE
SHUTTER

Figure 75. Bar mime 48.

AGO 21b

86
 (2) Lift one end of the mine. attached to the safety bars are wound
(3) Insert a pencil, a 6-inch nail, or a around the mines.
stiff wire into the neutralizing hole
in the bottom and press up on the 67. Bar Mine (17.6-Pound) (Sprengrie-
spring-loaded shutter, clearing the gelmine 8 Kilogram; Sp. R-Mi. 8
safety-bar hole. Kg; Sp.R. 8 Kg)
(4) Push a 6-inch nail through the safety­
bar hole. a. Description. The antitank bar mine (17.6-
pound) (fig. 76) is similar to the bar mine 43,
(5) Repeat steps (2), (3), and (4) at the
(par. 66), which superseded this mine, except
other end of the mine.
that it has no steel lid and it has a different
(6) Carefully cut the shear wires and lift type of arming device. This mine is 3234 inches
the lid. long, 4 inches wide, and 3% inches high. It
(7) Open both swivel clips and inspect the consists of a metal-encased main charge, weigh­
pull fuzes 42 to see if the wings of ing about 18 pounds. The main charge rests
the striker-retaining pins are under on two shear wires inside a metal tray. The
the slotted shoulder. If both wings mine uses two pull fuzes 42 (par. 42) which
are on top, lift out the metal-encased are modified by cutting off the end of the striker
main charge. If one wing is under­ shaft and its outer hole.
neath, raise the other end of the charge
(1) Tray.
and carefully slide the charge out
along the axis of the mine. (a) The tray is ribbed lengthwise
slightly above the shear-wire holes.
(8) Unscrew and remove the fuzes.
The under side of the tray is marked
/. Packing. Unten (bottom). A shear wire is
(1) This mine is shipped singly in a threaded through holes 4 inches
wooden packing case with the main from each end of the tray. About
fuzes and the safety bars in position. 1% inches from each end of the
(2) Protective paper strips cover the ac­ tray is another set of holes for the
tivating fuze wells in the lid. Cords insertion of safety bars. The holes

METAL-ENCASED
MAIN CHARGE SHEAR-WIRE
HOLE
ACTIVATING FUZE SHEAR WIRE
WELL PLUG

METAL
TRAY

SHUTTER

Figure 76. Bar mine (17.6-pound).

AGO 2764A
87
 for the safety bars may be closed by striker-retaining pin of the fuze and
small, hinged shutters. The ends of . i? is locked in this position by the
the tray are folded over on top. One spring-loaded arming lock. The
end is solid, and the other is slotted ./ arming lock release lever is directly
(fig. 77) to permit passage of the / above the neutralizing hole in the
wings of the striker-retaining pin bottom of the tray.
of the fuze.
(2) Main charge. The main charge is
(&) At both ends of the tray are pivoted
arming dials which can be turned within a metal case which is recessed
at both ends to receive the pull fuzes.
so the indicator points at the word
Only the winged striker-retaining pins
scharf (armed) or unscliarf (un­
can be seen when the fuzes are screwed
armed). In the unarmed position,
into the main charge. In the upper
the slotted striker-retaining-pin
left-hand corner, at each end of the
rest, attached to the inside face of
charge, is an activating fuze well
the arming dial, is pivoted at a 90-
which is closed with a metal plug
degree angle, away from the fuze
(fig. 77). This safeguards the mine
when not in use.
against accidental firing if the shear b. Employment. This mine is employed in
wires are prematurely sheared. In the support of road blocks and in antitank mine
the armed position, the slotted fields. Because of its shape fewer rail mines
striker-retaining-pin rest is brought are needed to block a road or to construct a mine
directly under the wings of the field.

Figure 77. Arming mechanism of the tray.

AGO 2764A
88
 c. Functioning. A pressure of 400 pounds at (2) Lift one end of the mine.
either end of the main charge, or 800 pounds (3) Insert a long stiff wire or a 6-inch nail
in the center, shears one or both shear wires into the safety-bar hole and push
and forces the striker-retaining pin out of the through the hole on the other side of
striker shaft of one or both fuzes, releasing the the tray.
spring-loaded striker against the percussion (4) Repeat step (3) at the other end of the
cap and firing the mine. mine.
d. Installing and Arming. (5) Carefully cut the shear wires.
(1) With a nail or stiff wire inserted (6) Inspect the striker-retaining pins to
through the neutralizing hole in the see if the wings are on top of the re­
bottom of the tray, press up the arm­ cesses of the striker-retaining-pin
ing lock release lever which pulls back rests. If they are both on top of the
the arming lock, releasing the striker- recesses of the rests, then insert a nail
retaining-pin rest. or stiff wire through the neutralizing
(2) Turn the arming dial, at each end, so holes in the bottom of the tray and
that the arrow points to unscharf. press up the arming lock release levers,
which pull back the arming locks, re­
(3) Insert the shear wires and the safety
leasing the striker-retaining-pin rests;
bars through their respective holes in
and turn the arming dials to unscharf
the tray.
(unarmed). If one pin is below the
(4) Insert a pull fuze 42 into the fuze well recess, do not turn that particular
at each end of the main charge, and arming dial to unscharf. Instead, care­
turn them so the wings of the striker­ fully lift the opposite end of the main
retaining pins are up. charge and gently slide the charge
(5) Slide one end of the main charge into out until the reverse fuze is clear of
the solid end of the tray and lower the the recessed striker-retaining-pin rest.
charge so it rests on the safety bars (7) Lift the main charge and unscrew
and the shear wires. both fuzes and their detonators.
(6) Twist the shear wires together over f. Packing. Mines are shipped singly in a
the main charge so the charge is se­ wooden packing case with the main fuzes and
cure in the tray. the safety bars in position.
(7) Turn the arming dials from unscharf
(unarmed) to scharf (armed). This 68. Bar Mine 44 (Riegelmine 44; R.Mi.
action rotates the striker-retaining- 44)
pin rests on the rear face of the arm­
The bar mine 44 is a late World War II modi­
ing dials so the recesses are positioned
directly under the striker-retaining fication of the bar mine 43 (par. 66), being
pins in the fuzes. The spring-loaded similar in appearance but simpler in construc­
arming locks lock the striker-retain- tion. It has no tray or lid. It has five fuze
ing-pin rests in position. wells, one at each end, one in the center of the
top of the mine, and two in the bottom of the
(8) Remove the safety bars. mine. The bottom fuze wells are the main fuze
Note. One or both of the striker-retaining
wells. They are for Tellermine fuzes 42 or 43
pins may be reversed so the wings are down
instead of up. This acts as booby-trap and which are inserted upside down and covered
will cause the mine to detonate if the main by a pressure plate. The mine was produced
charge is lifted. only as an experimental model.
e. Neutralizing. This mine should be de­
stroyed in place or pulled out with a 50-yard 69. Hollow-Charge Mine (Hohlladungs-
rope or wire to a safe place and then destroyed. mine)
If neutralizing is necessary, proceed as follows: a. Description. The antitank hollow-charge
(1) Check for and neutralize any activat­ mine (fig. 78) consists of a hemispherical, 3.5-
ing fuzes. pound hollow main charge encased in sheet
AGO 2754A
89
metal. It contains a propelling charge capable feet of detonating cord. The fuze may be the
of lifting the mine 3 feet into the air. The pro­ snap fuze 43/1 (par. 18), the snap fuze 43/11
pelling charge is connected to the fuze by 2 to 3 (par. 19), or the Tellermine fuze 42 (par. 16).

METALLIC

SEAM

PROPELLING
CHARGE MAIN CHARGE

METAL LID
OR CAP DETONATOR

DELAY PELLET
PLASTIC
FUSE ADAPTER
DETONATING
CORD

TELLERMINE FUZE 42

Figure 78. Hollow-charge mine.

AGO 2764A
90
 b. Employment. This mine is employed as an vised device on the surface of the
antitank mine and is laid with one or two mines ground so that it will break instead
to each fuze. of giving way or tilting when a side­
c. Functioning. ward pressure is exerted on the ex­
(1) With the snap fuze 43/1 (par. 18). A tension rod.
sideward pressure exerted on the ex­ (6) Insert a detonator and a delay pel­
tension rod of the fuze bends it and let into the mine.
causes the pull chain to pull the shear (c) Connect the mine to the fuze with
strip upward until the buffer is 2 to 3 feet of detonating cord, using
reached. Further pressure shears the fuze adapters.
shear strip, releasing the spring- (d) Dig a hole and install the individual
loaded striker against the percussion mines upright with the seam in the
cap and firing the detonating cord. metal case at ground level. Make a
The detonating cord fires the pro­ groove in the surface of the ground
pelling charge and ignites the delay and bury the detonating cord.
pellet. The propelling charge lifts the (e) Remove the safety-pin-retaining
mine about 3 feet into the air or until wire from the fuze.
it strikes the underside of a tank or (/) Remove the safety pin from the fuze
vehicle. The delay pellet fires the deto­ by means of the attached safety-pin­
nator and the main charge. removal wire.
(2) With the snap fuze 43/11 (par. 19). A (2) With the snap fuze 43/11 (fig. 78).
sideward pressure exerted on the ex­
(а) Install the fuze in a board or im­
tension rod of the fuze breaks it at the
provised device on the surface of
shear groove and snaps the plastic
the ground so that it will break in­
shear rod, releasing the spring-loaded
stead of giving way or tilting when
striker against the percussion cap and
a sideward pressure is exerted on
firing the detonating cord. The deto­
the extension rod.
nating cord fires the propelling charge
and ignites the delay pellet. The pro­ (б) Insert a detonator and delay pellet
pelling charge lifts the mine about 3 into the mine.
feet into the air or. until it strikes the (c) Connect the mine to the fuze with
underside of a tank or vehicle. The 2 to 3 feet of detonating cord, using
delay pellet fires the detonator and fuze adapters.
the main charge. (d) Dig a hole in the ground and install
(3) With the Tellermine fuze 42 (par. 16). the individual mines upright with
A pressure of at least 570 pounds on the seam in the metal case at ground
the mushroom-shaped pressure plate level. Make a groove in the surface
crushes the plate and shears the shear of the ground and bury the deto­
pin in the fuze, releasing the spring- nating cord.
loaded striker against the percussion (e) Remove the safety collar from the
cap. The percussion cap fires the deto­ fuze by sliding it upward and off
nating cord, which, in turn, fires the the extension rod.
propelling charge and ignites the de­ (3) With the Tellermine fuze 42 (fig. 78).
lay pellet. The propelling charge lifts (а) Install the fuze in a board or impro­
the mine about 3 feet into the air or vised device on the surface of the
until it strikes the underside of a tank * .ground.
or vehicle. The delay pellet fires the
(б) Insert a detonator and a delay pel­
detonator and the main charge. let into the mine.
d. Installing and Arming.
(c) Connect the mine to the fuze with 2
(1) With the snap fuze 43/1 (fig. 78). to 3 feet of detonating cord, using
(a) Install the fuze in a board or impro­ fuze adapters.
AGO 2764A
91
 (d) Dig a hole in the ground and install (&) Remove the detonating cord and
individual mines upright with the the detonator from the mine.
seam in the metal case at ground (c) Remove the detonating cord from
level. Make a groove in the ground the fuze.
and bury the detonating cord. (3) With the Tellermine fuze 42. The fuze
(e) Place a mushroom-shaped pressure has no safeties and is armed once the
plate from a Tellermine 43 over the detonating cord is attached.
fuze so the pressure plate is flush (a) Uncover and cut the detonating
with the surface of the ground. cord near the fuze.
(The fuze has no safeties and is
armed once the detonating cord is (b) Remove the detonating cord and the
attached.) detonator from the mine.
Note. Iri each of the procedures de­ (c) Remove the detonating cord from
scribed above the detonating cord should the fuze.
be at right angles to the line of probable
approach of tanks. If two mines are used,
one is laid on each side of the fuze.
70. Antitank Stake Mine 43 (Panzer
Stab Mine 43; Pz. Stab Mi. 43)
e. Neutralizing.
(1) With the snap fuze 43/1. Do not move a. Description. The antitank stake mine 43
the extension rod. The fuze may have (fig. 79) has a main charge consisting of a
been partially broken or subjected to parabolic hollow-shaped charge with a zinc lin­
blast, and any movement might cause ing. The metal container containing the main
detonation of the mine. charge is screwed onto a metal cylinder. The
(а) Replace the safety pin, using the metal cylinder has a partition in it which forms
original pin, a nail, or a heavy wire, two chambers, a flash chamber, and receptacle
and fix it firmly to the fuze by wir­ for the wooden stake. A flash tube with a fuze
ing it in place. well is welded to the metal cylinder at the flash
(б) Very carefully uncover and cut the chamber. The detonator-and-booster-charge
detonating cord near the fuze. Do assembly is a standard German Zundladung 34.
not pull or disturb the detonating A square wooden stake, 15^ inches long and
cord while uncovering or cutting it rounded at the top, fits into the lower part of
since it may cause the fuze to func­ the metal cylinder. A thin metal cover, 4%6
tion. inches in diameter, is crimped over the top of
the mine. This mine is designed to punch a hole
(c) Remove the detonating cord and
through the under side of a tank. The fuze may
the detonator from the mine.
be either the snap fuze 43/1 (par. 18) or the
(d) Remove the detonating cord from snap fuze 43/11 (par. 19).
the fuze.
b. Employment. This mine is laid in snow,
(2) With the snap fuze 43/11. A mine
brush, or tall grass in likely avenues of ap­
using this fuze should be detonated
proach for tanks.
in place since the only safety device
is the safety collar, which will prob­ c. Functioning. A sideward pressure exerted
ably not be available. Improvised on the extension rod of the fuze actuates the
safety devices are difficult to con­ fuze. The flash from the percussion cap fires
struct. If neutralizing is necessary, the detonator-and-booster-charge assembly and
proceed as follows: the main charge.
(a) Very carefully uncover and cut the d. Installing and Arming. Dig a hole in the
detonating cord near the fuze. Do ground so the top of the mine will be flush with
not pull or disturb the detonating the surface of the ground when it is placed on
cord while uncovering or cutting it the stake. Drive the stake into the ground un­
since it may cause the fuze to func­ til only the rounded top portion remains above
tion. the bottom of the hole. Place the mine on the
AGO 2754A
92
 METAL COVER

ZINC LINING
FUZE WELL

MAIN CHARGE

DETONATOR-AND-BOOSTER-
CHARGE ASSEMBLY

FLASH CHAMBER

FLASH TUBE

METAL
PARTITION

METAL CYLINDER

WOODEN STAKE

Figure 79. Antitank stake mine 43.

stake and screw a snap fuze 43/1 or 43/11 into (i>) Unscrew the fuze from the mine.
the fuze well.
(c) Disassemble the mine, removing the
(1) With the snap fuze 43/1.
detonator - and - booster - charge as­
(a) Remove the safety-pin-retaining sembly from the main charge.
wire from the fuze.
(&) Remove the safety pin from the (2) With the snap fuze 43/11. A mine
fuze by means of the attached safe­ using this fuze should be detonated in
ty-pin-removal wire. place since the only safety device is
(2) With the snap fuze 43/11. Remove the the safety collar, which will probably
safety collar from the fuze by sliding not be available. Improvised safety
it upward and off the extension rod. devices are difficult to construct. If
neutralizing is absolutely necessary,
e. Neutralizing.
very carefully unscrew the fuze from
(1) With the snap fuze 43/1. Do not move the mine. Then disassemble the mine,
the extension rod. The fuze may have removing the detonator-and-booster-
been partially broken or subjected to charge assembly from the main
blast, and any movement might cause charge.
detonation of the mine.
(a) Replace the safety pin, using the f. Packing. Five main charges, with metal
' original pin, a nail, or a heavy wire, cylinders and wooden stakes, are packed in a
and fix it firmly to the fuze by wir­ wooden crate (fig. 80). The fuzes are packed
ing it in place. separately.
AGO 2754A
93
 Figure 80. Packing case for the antitank stake mine 43.

71. Wooden-Box Mine 42 (Holzmine42; block (see fig. 82 for shape) that fits into a
H.Mi.42) hole in the cover of the mine. The fuze-actuat­
ing flange has a slot so it will clear the striker
a. Description. The antitank wooden-box shaft of the pull fuze 42 but not the wings of
mine 42 (fig. 81) consists of a wooden mine the striker-retaining pin. The cover is posi­
case 13 inches long, 12 inches wide, and 4^ tioned on the mine case by wooden pegs and is
inches high. The mine case is divided into four secured at the front and back by metal hooks.
compartments. The compartment across the Directly opposite the hole in the cover for the
front of the mine case contains the fuze and pressure block a stocking block is attached to
the fuze actuating mechanism. The two parti­ provide a level support for stacking mines on
tions for the other three compartments are at top of each other. The mine weighs 18 pounds,
right angles to the partition for the front com­ including 11.5 pounds of explosive in a main
partment. The narrow compartment contain­ charge of two 5-pound cast charges and a
ing the booster charge separates the two com­ booster charge of three 200-gram blocks (about
partments containing the main charge. The 1.5 pounds). One side of the pressure block is
fuze actuating mechanism consists of three painted red, and when the pressure block is in
parts: a wooden fuze-support block with a U- the armed position, a continuous red band about
shaped slot in it, a wooden fuze-actuating flange 4 inches wide shows down the front of the mine
secured to the outside wall of the mine case by (fig. 81). The mine uses the pull fuze 42 (par.
two wooden dowels, and a wooden pressure 42).

94 AGO 2754A
 STRIKER SHAFT

BMSTRIKER-*
RETAINING PIN

WOODEN
PARTITION
DETONATOR
WOODEN
DOWEL (2)| _______ PULL FUZE 42 —i BOOSTER CHARGE
— FUZE
ACTUATING FLANGE FUZE SUPPORT BLOCK

MAIN CHARGE
PRESSURE BLOCK

Figure 81. Wooden-box mine 42.

AGO 2754A
95
 b. Employment. This mine was designed for (2) Remove the cover, avoiding all pres,
employment in antitank minefields during sure on the pressure block.
retrograde movements. It is not used during (3) Lift the pressure block clear of the
periods of wet weather because it is not water­ fuze-actuating flange (fig. 83).
proof. (4) Remove one of the explosive blocks
c. Functioning. constituting the booster charge, but
(1) A pressure of 200 pounds, or more, on not the one into which the fuze is
the pressure block shears the two screwed.
wooden dowels which secure the fuze­ (5) Slide the explosive block into which
actuating flange to the outside wall of the fuze is screwed back until the
the mine case. striker-retaining pin is clear of the
(2) The fuze-actuating flange, forced fuze-actuating flange; lift out the ex­
down, pushes the striker-retaining pin plosive block and fuze.
out of the pull fuze 42, releasing the (6) Unscrew the fuze and remove the det­
spring-loaded striker against the per­ onator.
cussion cap and firing the mine. (7) Replace the pressure block so the red
Caution: This mine may be installed band is to the rear.
with the two wooden dowels removed (8) Replace the cover.
oi’ cut to make the mine function un­
der foot pressure. It may also have a 72. Wooden-Box Mine V.B. (Holzmine
hole drilled under the fuze for a pull V.B.Mi. 1)
wire to be tied to the loop of the
striker-retaining pin. The mine will The antitank wooden-box mine V.B. (fig. 82)
function under less pressure if it has is very similar to the wooden-box mine 42 and
been buried long enough for rotting uses the same fuze. Its employment, function­
of the wood to take place. ing, installing and arming, and neutralizing are
d. Installing and Arming. the same. It differs as follows:
a. The space for the main charge is larger.
(1) Remove the cover, the pressure block,
and the booster charge. b. The cover of the mine is screwed down
with two screws.
(2) Insert a pull fuze 42, with detonator,
c. The cover is positioned by two wooden
into the fuze well of the booster cleats instead of wooden pegs.
charge.
d. The explosives total 12.5 pounds, as com­
(3) Replace the booster charge so the fuze pared to 11.5 pounds in the wooden-box mine
rests in the U-shaped slot of the fuze­ 42.
support block with the wings of the e. The cover has a label marked V.B.Mi. 1
striker-retaining pin below the striker and a description of the contents.
shaft and under the slot in the fuze­
actuating flange.
73. Antitank Schnellmine, Type A (Pan­
(4) Place the pressure block in the armed zer Schnellmine, A)
position, with the red band toward
the fuze side of the mine, and replace a. Description. The antitank Schnellmine,
the cover. type A (fig. 83) resembles a large Schii’mine
in appearance and functioning. It has a wooden
(5) Lay the mine in the ground so the
case 20% inches long, 12% inches wide, and
pressure block is level with the ground
6% inches high in the armed position. The
surface and the red band is away from
total weight of the mine is 20 pounds, including
the' enemy.
a main charge of 13 pounds of explosive and a
e. Neutralizing. 200-gram (0.44-pound) booster charge. A
(1) Locate and neutralize any activating wooden fuze-holder block holds the fuze in po­
fuzes. sition. A slot in the pressure lid clears the
AGO 2754A
96
 STACKING
BLOCK
---- ---------------- —

1
V. B.Mi.l.
Fg.2538S

MAIN CHARGE CAVITY

SCREW
WOODEN CLEAT
\

□a ■

9S'-
PRESSURE BLOCK 3

1 j r i

FUZE ACTUATING
FUZE SUPPORT BLOCK
FLANGE
COVER

Figure 82. Wooden-box mine V.B.

ago 2754A
97
striker shaft of the fuze, but not the wings of the armed position. This mine uses the pull
the striker-retaining pin. Two 1/2 inch wooden fuze 42 (par. 42). The mine is easily impro.
shear dowels support the pressure lid when in vised.

WOODEN FUZE­
HOLDER BLOCK

STRIKER-RETAINING
PIN

STRIKER SHAFT

PULL FUZE 42

BOOSTER CHARGE

% IN. DIAMETER WOODEN

WOODEN
SHEAR DOWEL
CASE

MAIN CHARGE

Figure 83. Antitank Schnellmine, type A.

AGO 2754*
98
 & Employment. This mine was designed for before the mine is armed. The two wooden
nloyment as an antitank mine. It is not used shear dowels are taped to the top of the wooden
during periods of wet weather because it is not case.
waterproof.
c Functioning. A pressure of 100 pounds on 74. Antitank Schnellmine, Type B (Pan­
the pressure lid shears the two wooden shear zer Schnellmine, B)
dowels and pushes the striker-retaining pin out
of the striker shaft of the fuze, releasing the a. Description. The antitank Schnellmine,
spring-loaded striker against the percussion cap type B (fig. 84) is identical to the type A except
for the fuze and the diameter of the shear dow­
and firing the mine.
els. This mine uses two Buck chemical fuzes
d. Installing and Arming. (par. 28) which are screwed through the top
(1) Raise the pressure lid of the mine and of the case into booster charges near the center
place the two wooden shear dowels in of the main charge. The pressure lid rests on
the holes provided. two % inch wooden shear dowels, not on the
(2) Remove the wooden shipping plug fuzes.
from the booster charge, and screw a
b. Employment. This mine was designed for
pull fuze 42, with detonator, into the
employment as an antitank mine. It is not used
booster charge through the holes in
during periods of wet weather, because it is not
the wooden case and the wooden fuze­
waterproof.
holder block.
Note. The wings of the striker-retaining c. Fiinctioning. A pressure of 200 pounds on
pin should be horizontal and below the striker the pressure lid shears the two wooden shear
shaft. dowels and crushes the Buck chemical fuzes,
(3) Lower the pressure lid carefully on producing a flame which fires the detonators,
the wooden shear dowels and place the the booster charges, and the main charge.
mine in the hole so the pressure lid is d. Installing and Arming.
level with the ground surface.
(1) Raise the pressure lid of the mine and
Note. When laying more than one mine,
keep 13-foot intervals between mines to re­
place the two wooden shear dowels in
duce the possibility of sympathetic detona­ the holes provided.
tion. (2) Remove the wooden plugs from the
e. Neutralizing. fuze wells.
(1) Uncover the mine and make sure it is (3) Screw two Buck chemical fuzes, with
not damaged from either blast or de­ detonators, through the top of the
terioration. wooden case into the booster charges.
Caution: Deterioration of the wood,
Caution: Grasp the Buck chemical
over a period of time, makes this mine
fuze as near the base as possible to
unsafe to handle. The wooden shear
avoid crushing the fragile aluminum
dowels must be in place and intact;
shell.
otherwise, the mine will explode when
the pressure lid is dropped. (4) Lower the pressure lid carefully on
(2) Check for activating fuzes on the the wooden shear dowels and place the
pressure lid, the side, and the bottom mine in the hole so the pressure lid is
of the wooden case. level with the ground surface.
Note. When laying more than one mine,
(3) Lift the pressure lid of the mine.
keep 13-foot intervals between mines to
(4) Unscrew the pull fuze 42 and detona­ reduce the possibility of sympathetic de-
tor from the booster charge. . tonation.
(5) Remove the detonator from the fuze. e. Neutralizing.
/• Packing. The detonator and the fuze are (1) Uncover the mine and make sure it is
carried separately from the mine. The fuze not damaged from either blast or de­
"well is closed by a wooden plug to keep out dirt terioration.
AGO 2754a
99
IN .
6'-4

BUCK CHEMICAL
FUZE (2)

BOOSTER CHARGE (2)

3/4 IN. DIAMETER WOODEN

CASE
SHEAR DOWEL

MAIN CHARGE

Figure 84- Antitank Schnellmine, type B.

AGO 2764*
100
 Caution: Deterioration of the wood, hexagonal glass filler plug in the bot:
over a period of time, makes this mine tom of the mine closes the filler hole
unsafe to handle. The wooden shear for the main charge. A cardboard
dowels must be in place and intact; handle is attached to the bottom of
otherwise, the mine will explode when the mine by two glass cap screws.
the pressure lid is dropped. Either a snap fuze oi’ a tilt fuze (fig.
(2) Check for activating fuzes on the pres­ 86) can be used instead of the Topf­
sure lid, the side, and the bottom of mine fuze SF 1. The mine was des­
the wooden case. ignated the To. Mi. A4531 by the Ger­
(3) Lift the pressure lid of the mine. mans, the letter A indicating that the
mine was waterproofed. Mines not
(4) Unscrew the Buck chemical fuzes and
waterproofed were marked To. Mi.
detonators from the booster charges.
4531.
(5) Remove the detonators from the fuzes.
(2) Topfmine B. The Topfmine B (fig.
f. Packing. Mines are issued and carried in­ 87) differs from type A only in that
dividually. Detonators and fuzes are packed in it is curved over the top, and that the
separate boxes, 10 to a box, and carried sepa­ shear groove of the pressure plate is
rately. The fuze wells are closed by wooden inside the mine to prevent water from
plugs to keep out dirt before the mine is armed. accumulating in the shear groove.
The two wooden shear dowels are taped to the (3) Topfmine C (Pappmine). The Topf­
top of the wooden case. mine C, or Pappmine (papermine),
(fig. 88) has a flat top and bottom,
75. Topfmines (To. Mi.) and is provided with a fuze well in the
a. General. The nonmetallic antitank Topf­ top of the mine to receive the fuze.
mine (pot mine) first appeared in combat in The fuze well is closed with a glass
early 1945. It was produced to prevent detec­ pressure plug.
tion by electronic mine detectors. The detonator c. Employment. These mines are employed
had the only metal in the entire assembled mine as antitank mines. The Germans laid this mine
although a cardboard detonator was often used. with a black, metallic sandy substance called
b. Description. Tarnsand sprinkled on the mine; the mine was
(1) Topfmine A. The antitank Topfmine then covered with not more than 2 inches of dirt
A (fig. 85) is 12^ inches in diameter or soil. Tarnsand can be detected with the
and 5i/2 inches high. It weighs a total Stuttgart 43 detector (par. 133) if it is desired
of about 21.25. pounds, including a to retake the mine field. In areas being aban­
main charge of about 13 pounds of doned, Tarnsand is not used.
explosive. The case is made of pressed Note. The SCR-625 detector will not detect this mine.
wood pulp, cardboard, and tar. In d. Functioning.
some mines, the case is made of (1) With the Topfmine fuze SF 1. A
pressed bituminous coal waste, 1 inch pressure of at least 330 pounds on the
thick. A thick, circular pressure plate pressure plate shears off the pressure
is joined to the case at the shear plate at the shear groove and trans­
groove. The Topfmine fuze SF 1 (par. fers the pressure to the glass pressure
30), with the wooden fuze-and- head of the fuze. (The Topfmine C,
booster-charge holder that connects it or Pappmine, has a thin cardboard
to the booster charge, is fitted into the pressure plate with a glass pressure
mine through a hole in the bottom. plug in the center instead of a thick
This hole is closed with the large, cir­ pressure plate with a shear groove).
cular glass fuze-assembly plug. The The pressure on the glass pressure
glass fuze-assembly plug contains an head shears off the glass rim of the
activating-fuze well, which is posi­ pressure head at the shear groove, al­
tioned slightly off center. A smaller, lowing the pressure head to crush the
AGO 2764A
101
 ----------------- - 12’6 IN

TOP VIEW BOTTOM VIEW

PRESSURE PLATE

CHEMICAL FILLED '. CARDBOARD

GLASS VIALS ?■ ‘ PARTITION

GLASS FUZE ,
SHEAR GROOVE •
CASE 1

CELLULOID DISK

GLASS FILLER
PLUG
MAIN CHARGE

RUBBER WASHER

WOODEN FU7E-AND- detonator

BOOSTER-CHARGE HOLDER
BOOSTER CHARGE

PLASTIC ACTIVATING
FUZE WELL PLUG

Figure 85. Topfmine A.

AGO
102
 case, making sure that the rubber
washer and its groove in the mine
case are perfectly clean.
(d) Lay the mine in a hole with the
pressure plate up. Do not use more
than a 2-inch camouflage layer over
the pressure plate. Keep a distance
of 7 feet between mines to reduce
the possibility of sympathetic deto­
nation.
(2) With a snap fuze or a tilt fzize.
(a) Turn the mine upside-down and
place it in the hole.
(b) Remove the plastic activating fuze
well plug and screw a snap fuze or
a tilt fuze, with detonator, into the
activating fuze well in the glass
fuze-assembly plug.
(c) Arm the fuze in accordance with in­
structions outlined in chapter 5.
f. Installing and Arming Topfmine C.
(1) With the Topfmine fuze SF 1.
(a) Unscrew the glass pressure plug
from the mine.
(b) Screw the fuze, with detonator, into
the booster charge.
(c) Firmly screw the glass pressure
plug into the mine case.
(d) Lay the mine in a hole with the
glass pressure plug up. Do not use
more than a 2-inch camouflage layer
Figure 86. Topfmine A fitted with a snap fuze. over the glass pressure plug. Keep
a distance of 7 feet between mines
two glass vials of chemicals. The to reduce the possibility of sympa­
chemicals react to cause a flame which thetic detonation.
sets off the detonator, the boostei- (2) With a snap fzize or a tilt fuze.
charge, and the main charge. (a) Unscrew the glass pressure plug
(2) With a snap fzize or a tilt fuze. A from the mine.
sideward pressure exerted on the fuze (b) Screw a snap fuze or a tilt fuze,
actuates it and fires the mine. with detonator, into the booster
charge.
e- Installing and Arming Topfmines A and B.
(c) Arm the fuze in accordance with in­
(1) With the Topfmine fuze SF 1. structions outlined in chapter 5.
(a) Unscrew the glass fuze-assembly g. Neutralizing Topfmines A and B.
plug from the mine. (1) Pressure plate up.
(&) Screw the fuze, with detonator, (a) Uncover the mine and make sure
into the wooden fuze-and-booster- that the pressure plate is not de­
charge holder. pressed and that the mine is undam­
(c) Firmly screw the glass fuze-assem­ aged, especially along the shear
bly plug into the bottom of the mine groove of the pressure plate.
AGO 2764A
103
 PRESSURE PLATE
GLASS SHEAR
GROOVE
CASE

MAIN CHARGE
GLASS FILLER GLASS CAP
PLUG ACTIVATING FUZE WEIL PLUG SCREW
GLASS
FUZE-ASSEMBLY WOODEN FUZE-
PLUG AND-BOOSTER CARDBOARD
CHARGE HOLDER HANDLE
BOOSTER CHARGE

Figure 87. Topfmine B.

(&) Check for and neutralize any acti­ that the glass pressure plug is not
vating fuzes. depressed and that the mine is un­
(c) Lift the mine carefully, rest it on damaged.
one side, and unscrew the glass fuze­ (b) Check for and neutralize any acti­
assembly plug. vating fuzes.
(d) Unscrew the Topfmine fuze SF 1 (c) Unscrew the glass pressure plug
from the wooden fuze-and-booster- from the mine.
charge holder. (d) Unscrew the fuze from the booster
(e) Unscrew the detonator from the charge.
fuze. (<?) Unscrew the detonator from the
(2) Pressure plate down. fuze.
(a) Carefully uncover the mine and (2) With a snap fuze or a tilt fuze.
fuze. (а) Carefully uncover the mine and
(&) Cut any slack trip wires attached fuze.
to the extension rod or tilt rod of the (б) Cut any slack trip wires attached to
fuze. the extension rod or tilt rod of the
(c) Neutralize the fuze in accordance fuze.
with the instructions outlined in (c) Check for and neutralize any acti­
chapter 5. vating fuzes.
h. Neutralizing Topfmine C. (d) Neutralize the fuze in accordance
(1) With the Topfmine fuze SF 1. with the instructions outlined in
(a) Uncover the mine and make sure chapter 5.
AGO 2764*
104
 Figure 88. Topfmine C (Pappmine).

i. Packing. 89) consists of a baked-clay case, 8V2 inches in

(1) The mines are individually packed in diameter and 10 inches high, which resembles
open wooden crates, marked To.Mi. an urn. On opposite sides of the cases are two
4531 or To.Mi. A4531. round bulges which house pull fuzes 42 (par.
(2) Topfmine fuzes SF 1 are packed sep­ 42). The detonators in the fuzes are connected
arately in wooden cases containing by detonating cord, through detonating-cord
five fuses. These cases are marked cavities, to booster charges in the bottom of the
To.Mi.Z. #FGI. case. A clay pressure lid covers the top of the
case. On opposite sides of the pressure lid are
(3) Nonmetallic detonators are packed
two notches which clear the striker shafts of
separately in small wooden cases con­
the fuzes but not the wings of the striker-re­
taining 15 detonators.
taining pins.
(4) Armed Topfmines must not be
shipped. Neutralized mines may be b. Employment. This mine is used in areas
shipped without being crated, but they being abandoned to opposing forces, since its
must not be stacked. clay construction prevents detection by elec­
(5) Topfmine fuzes SF 1 must be shipped trical detectors.
only in their wooden cases.
c. Functioning. Pressure on the clay pres­
^6. Antitank Clay Mine sure lid shears the lip of the pressure lid, drops
the lid, and pushes out the striker-retaining
a- Description. The antitank clay mine (fig. pins of the pull fuzes 42, releasing the spring-
AGO 2754A
105
 8’/2 IN.—

STRIKER-RETAINING PIN CLAY

PRESSURE LID

FUZE HOUSING

/
I DETONATING
, CORD
/, CAVITY

J___ MAIN
CHARGE
CLAY CASE
I '

■lx

DETONATING
booster charge
CORD

Figure 89. Antitank clay mine.

AGO 215*

106
loaded strikers against the percussion caps and horizontal and below the striker
firing the mine. shafts.
d. Installing and Arming. (6) Replace the pressure lid so the
notches line up with the fuzes, and
(1) Remove the clay pressure lid.
place the mine in a hole so the pres­
(2) Thread detonating cord through the sure lid is level with the ground sur­
detonating-cord cavities and connect face. Keep a distance of 9 feet be­
each of the two lengths of detonating tween mines to reduce the possibility
cord to a booster charge in the bottom of sympathetic detonation.
of the clay case by inserting the cord e. Neutralizing.
in a hole punched in the side of the
booster charge.
(1) Check for and neutralize any activat­
ing fuzes.
(3) Connect the other end of each length (2) Uncover the mine and lift off the pres­
of detonating cord to the detonator of sure lid.
the pull fuze 42.
(3) Examine the striker-retaining pins to
(4) Insert the main charge in the clay see that they extend all the way
case. « through the striker shafts.
(5) Install the two pull fuzes 42 so the (4) Cut the detonating cords near the
wings of the striker-retaining pins are fuzes, and remove the fuzes.

Section II. IMPROVISED ANTITANK MINES

77. General are cut in the side of the pressure lid for ex­
tracting the safety pins of the fuzes. The mine
The German Army seldom used improvised is 4%. inches high with the fuzes in place and
antitank mines. In most cases, the supply of has a total weight of 12 pounds, including 7 to 9
standard antitank mines was adequate. The pounds of explosive.
occasional employment of improvised antitank
mines was brought about by a local shortage of b. Employment. This mine is used for local
standard mines or by the availability of suit­ security of airfields and nearby installations.
able material for improvising mine cases in cer­ It may also be used in mine fields.
tain areas. Even in improvisation, the Germans c. Functioning. Pressure of 150 pounds, or
were meticulous in the assembly of the mines. more, depresses the pressure lid, actuating one,
Paragraphs 78 through 82 describe the most oi’ more, of the three pressure fuzes and firing
commonly encountered improvised antitank the mine.
mines. d. Installing and Arming.
(1) Remove the aluminum pressure lid.
78. Aluminum Mine (2) Screw three pressure fuzes 35, with
a. Description. The improvised antitank detonators, into the main fuze wells
aluminum mine (fig. 90) consists of an alumi­ in the aluminum disk. The booster
num pressure lid 12% inches in diameter, an charges should be directly under the
aluminum disk, and an aluminum case 11% fuze wells. Make sure the pressure
inches in diameter that contains the main caps of the fuzes are adjusted to the
charge and three booster charges. The alumi­ same height.
num disk fits over the main charge and has (3) Replace the pressure lid and place the
three main fuze wells, which are located over mine in a hole so the pressure lid is
the three booster charges. The mine is fuzed level with the ground surface.
with three pressure fuzes 35 (par. 24). The (4) Remove the safety pins from the fuzes
aluminum pressure lid fits over the aluminum by pulling on the attached cords,
case and rests on top of the fuzes. Three slots through the slots in the pressure lid.
AGO 2754a
107
 12’,4 IN —

.PRESSURE FUZE 35

PERCUSSION CAP—j
PRESSURE LID

SAFETY PIN

BOOSTER
CHARGE
ALUMINUM
DETONATOR
CASE
ALUMINUM
DISK MAIN CHARGE CAVITY SLOT IN COVER
FOR EXTRACTING
SAFETY PIN

Figure 90. Improvised antitank aluminum mine.

AGO 2754A
108
 g. Neutralizing. (3) Screw a pressure fuze, with detonator,
(1) Remove the pressure lid. into a prepared charge.
(2) Insert nails or wires in the safety-pin (4) Remove the safety pins from the
holes of the fuzes. fuzes.
(3) Unscrew the fuzes from the fuze (5) Cover the mine with from 5 to 6
wells. inches of earth.
(4) Remove the detonators from the fuzes. e. Neutralizing.
(5) Lift the mine. (1) Investigate the mine for activating
fuzes, and neutralize any that are
79. Wooden-Box Mines found. If a pull fuze is attached to the
pressure lid of the mine, cut the slack
a. Description. Improvised antitank wooden- pull wire and remove the pressure lid;
box mines vary greatly in size, amount of ex­ or, from a covered position, pull off the
plosive, and type of construction. The amount pressure lid with' a 50-yard rope or
of explosive varies from 7 to 20 pounds. The wire.
fuzes and the prepared charges employed de­ (2) Insert a safety pin in the safety-pin
pend on the mission the mine is to perform. hole of the pressure fuze.
The two mines shown in figure 91 are typical (3) Unscrew the pressure fuze and deto­
improvised wooden-box mines. The main fuze nator from the prepared charge.
is of the pressure type (usually a pressure fuze
(4) Remove the detonator from the fuze.
35, par. 24) and is screwed into a prepared
charge. The prepared charge acts as the
booster charge. The main charge is made up 80. Ramp Mine
of enough explosive to accomplish the mission. a. Description. The improvised antitank
If activating is desired, a pull fuze may be ramp mine (fig. 92) consists of charges fitted
screwed into a prepared charge and connected with pressure fuzes 35 (par. 24) and laid un­
by a pull wire to the mine case, the pressure der a sloping board, or ramp, at railroad cross­
lid, or a small dead man. ings, bridge approaches, and similar sites.
b. Employment. These mines are used in b. Employment. This mine is installed at
road blocks and may be used as booby traps. railroad crossings and bridge approaches, dis­
c. Functioning. guised as a ramp to assist vehicles in crossing.
(1) Pressure of about 150 pounds on the c. Functioning. Pressure on the sloping board
pressure lid actuates the pressure or ramp actuates the pressure fuzes, releasing
fuze, releasing the spring-loaded the spring-loaded strikers against the percus­
striker- against the percussion cap and sion caps and firing the charges.
firing the prepared charge. d. Installing and Arming. Hinge together
(2) The prepared charge, acting as the two boards at least 10 inches wide and 6 feet
booster charge, fires the main charge. long and lay them with the hinged side toward
cl. Installing and Arming. the enemy. Install the charges with pressure
fuzes 35, one about every 3 feet, on the lower
(1) Place the wooden mine case, with the board, along the open edge of the ramp. Re­
main charge and one or more prepared move the safety pins from the fuzes, and care­
charges, into a hole. fully lower the top board onto the fuzes.
(2) If activating is desired, screw a pull e. Neutralizing.
fuze, with detonator, into a prepared
(1) Examine the mine for activating fuzes
charge, and anchor the pull wire so
and neutralize any that are found.
the fuze will be actuated when the
mine is lifted. If feasible, attach the (2) Lift the top board.
pull wire of the activating pull fuze (3) Insert safety pins or nails in the safe­
to the pressure lid of the mine. ty-pin holes of the pressure fuzes.
AGO 2754A
109
 HINGED PRESSURE JaL-- ■'A

, J ■

PRESSURE FUZE
MAIN CHARGE

PREPARED CHARGE

PULL WIRE

PREPARED CHARGE

Figure 91. Typical improvised antitank wooclen-box mines.

AGO 2’j
no
 Figure 92. Improvised antitank ramp mine.

(4) Unscrew the pressure fuzes and deto­ over the two nails projecting out of the fuze­
nators from the charges. support block and pushes the striker-retaining
(5) Remove the detonators from the fuzes. pin out of the fuze, releasing the spring-loaded
(6) Remove the charges from the mine. striker against the percussion cap and firing the
shell.
81. Shell Mines (Geschossminen) d. Installing and Arming.
(1) Adapt the shell head to receive the
a. Description. The improvised antitank fuze and place the shell in the wooden
shell mine (fig. 93) consists of a large-caliber frame.
artillery shell set in a wooden frame. A pull
(2) Screw the pull fuze 42, with detona­
fuze 42 (par. 42) is screwed into the head of
tor, into the shell. The wings of the
the shell. The fuze case rests on the fuze-sup­
striker-retaining pin should be hori­
port block. The fuze-actuating block is fastened
zontal and below the striker shaft.
at right angles to the free end of the hinged
pressure board. The fuze-actuating block has (3) Lower the pressure board until the
a slot that clears the striker shaft of the fuze fuze-actuating block rests on the
but not the wings of the striker-retaining pin. wooden dowels or nails projecting out
The fuze-actuating block rests on two wooden of the fuze-support block.
dowels or nails projecting out of the fuze-sup- e. Neutralizing.
port block. (1) Check for and neutralize any activat­
Employment. This mine is employed as an ing fuzes.
antitank beach mine with captured shells being (2) Make sure the striker-retaining pin
used as the charges. It can also be used in road of the pull fuze 42 extends entirely
blocks and in mine fields; smaller shells, such as through the striker shaft.
mortar shells, can be used as improvised anti­ (3) Lift the pressure board.
personnel mines. (4) Unscrew the fuze and detonator from
c- Functioning. Pressure on the pressure the shell.
°ard shears the two wooden dowels or bends (5) Remove the detonator from the fuze.
AGO 2754A
111
 PRESSURE BOARD

ARTILLERY
SHELL
FUZE-ACTUATING
BLOCK

PULL FUZE 42

STRIKER-RETAINING
PIN

BOARD

Figure 93. Improvised antitank shell mine.

AGO 2754'
112
g2 Improvised Panzerfaust Antitank The projectile (fig. 95) is 19^ inches long and
Mine weighs 6.75 pounds. This projectile is capable
of penetrating 8 inches of armor. It consists
a Description. The Panzerfaust is a recoil­ of a 3.5-pound hollow charge with a steel, cone-
less weapon, similar to United States rocket shaped liner, a spacer head, a booster charge, an
launchers, and was often improvised as an anti­ impact fuze, and two spring-steel stabilizing
tank mine. The Panzerfaust gross 30 m. (fig. fins. The spacer head is attached to the front
94), weighing 11.5 pounds, was the most widely of the hollow charge and provides the correct
used model. It consists of a launching tube, stand-off. In the tail of the hollow charge is a
projectile, propelling charge, a firing mecha- fuze -well that houses the booster charge and
nism, and a folding sight. It is a single-shot the impact fuze. Attached to the tail of the
weapon since it cannot be reloaded. During hollow charge is a wooden fin support with the
transit, the folding sight is folded down flush two spring-steel stabilizing fins. Directly be­
with the launching tube, and the folding sight hind the fin support is the propelling charge,
and the projectile are secured to the launching which weighs about 3 ounces. The firing mecha­
tube by a retaining pin. The launching tube is nism is enclosed in a cylindrical case on the top
about 2 inches in diameter and 31^ inches long. of the launching tube. It consists of a spring-

RETAINING
PIN CARDBOARD
CYLINDER; ■ IMPACT fOLDING TRIGGER
SIGHT BUTTON STRIKER .PERCUSSION CAP
FUZE
BOOSTER /
CHARGE /

SPACER HEAD
HOLLOW CHARGE
FIN SUPPORT PROPELLING CHARGE

STABILIZING FINS
n
LAUNCHING TUBE

STEEL LINER

LENGTH OF LAUNCHER TUBE - 31$ IN.

OUTSIDE DIAMETER OF LAUNCHER TUBE - Ij IN.
LENGTH OF PROJECTILE - 19$ IN.
MAX. DIAM. OF PROJECTILE - 5j IN.

Figure 9/t. Panzerfaust gross SO -in.

SPACER HEAD STEEL

SPRING STEEL
LINER
STABILIZING FINS

RETAINING PIN

BOOSTER IMPACT
CHARGE FUZE
HOLLOW
CHARGE WOODEN F
SUPPORT

Figure 95. Projectile of Panzerfaust gross SO m.

AGO 2754A
113
 Figure 96. Firing assembly when improvised as an antitank mine.

AGO 2754*
114
 Figure 97. Panzerfaust gross 30 m. rigged as an improvised antitank mine for trip-wire firing.

loaded striker, a percussion cap, a cocking bolt, c. Fzmctioning.

and a trigger button. The end of the striker (1) When a vehicle runs into the trip wire
shaft is a flat bar with a notch that enables the .stretched across its path, the folding
trigger button to retain the striker in the sight is pulled down until it depresses
cocked position. When the Panzerfaust gross the trigger button, which releases the
30 m. is to be improvised as an antitank mine, spring-loaded striker against the per­
a trip-wire firing assembly is rigged up. The cussion cap, firing the propelling
folding sight is used as a trigger lever. It is charge.
reinforced by a steel strip held in at each end (2) The propelling charge propels the
by bending down the sight at the top and bend­ projectile out of the launching tube.
ing up the shortened safety projection at the (3) When the spacei- head strikes the ve­
bottom. This reinforced sight can now pivot hicle,. the impact fuze is actuated, fir­
back and depress the trigger button (fig. 96). ing the hollow charge.
The sight is held off the trigger button by a d. Installing and Arming.
bent strip of metal improvised as a leaf spring. (1) Secure the Panzerfaust in an avenue
A rigid wire loop around the weapon passes of approach to a tree, fence, or similar
through an eye riveted to the folding sight. A object.
trip wire is attached to the bottom of the wire (2) Place an improvised leaf spring con­
loop. sisting of a bent strip of metal be­
b. Employment. The improvised Panzer­ tween the case that houses the firing
faust antitank mine is employed mainly against mechanism and the folding sight.
tanks, and is rigged for trip-wire firing as (3) Fasten the trip wire to a tree or stake,
shown in figure 97. draw it across the avenue of approach,
AGO 2754A
115
 and attach it to the bottom of the wire if the striker shaft is protruding, the trigger
loop. button raised, and the cocking-bolt handle hori-
(4) Cock the firing mechanism by rotating zontal.
the cocking bolt (fig. 96) until the (1) Uncock the firing mechanism by ro­
cocking-bolt handle is vertical. Press tating the cocking bolt until the cock­
in the cocking bolt to its full extent.
ing-bolt handle is vertical and press in
The trigger button should retain the
the cocking bolt to its full extent. Then
spring-loaded striker in the cocked
position by a notch in the striker shaft. press the trigger button and, keeping
Allow the cocking bolt to return slowly it pressed, allow the cocking bolt to re­
to its original position and rotate it turn slowly to its original position.
until the cocking-bolt handle is again Rotate the cocking bolt until the han­
horizontal. dle is horizontal.
e. Neutralizing. The Panzerfaust is cocked (2) Cut the slack trip wire.

Section III. DUAL-PURPOSE MINES

83. Light Antitank Mine (Leichte Pan­ including the main charge of 5 pounds
zermine; L.Pz.Mi.) of cast explosive.
(2) Fuze. Each of the five pressure fuzes
a. Description.
consists of a striker with a hollow
(1) Mine. The light antitank mine (fig. shaft, a striker spring, two striker-re­
98) consists of a steel mine case con­ taining balls, a plunger, a plunger
taining a steel-encased main charge, spring, and an actuating sleeve. The
five built-in, ball-release type pressure striker spring is compressed inside
fuzes, a centrally located detonator, the hollow striker shaft. The top part
a centrally located flash chamber that of the plunger is provided with an
is connected to each fuze by a flash opening to take the hollow striker
tube, and a centrally located safety shaft, which is locked to the plunger
screw that is covered by a protective by the two striker-retaining balls. The
cap. The safety screw, when screwed actuating sleeve rides on the upper
all the way down, closes the opening part of the plunger and holds the
from the flash chamber to the detona­ striker-retaining balls in place. Mid­
tor. On the safety screw there is a way in the plunger is a shoulder that
white line marked sicker (safe). The fits inside the fuze case. The plunger
mine case is 10(4 inches in diameter spring is retained on the top by the
and 2(4 inches high, and is made up actuating sleeve and on the bottom by
of two shallow, bowl-shaped covers the plunger shoulder. The bottom
that are lipped to provide a tight part of the plunger, below the shoul­
joint, which is waterproofed with ad­ der, is threaded and protrudes through
hesive tape. On the top cover are five the bottom covei’ of the mine case. A
hexagonal fuze plugs that close the hexagonal nut on the outside of the
fuze wells. Also on the top cover there bottom cover keeps the plunger in
is a white indicator mark for align­ place; this is the fuze nut that is re­
ing the safety screw. On the bottom moved when the mine is to be em­
cover are five hexagonal fuze nuts that ployed against personnel. A percus­
are directly below the fuzes. These sion cap is screwed into the fuze just
nuts are removed when the mine is to below the level of the flash tube.
be employed against personnel. The b. Employment. This mine is employed as
total weight of the mine is 9 pounds, both an antitank and an antipersonnel mine. It

116 AGO 2754A

 PROTECTIVE

10’/2 IN.-

SAFETY SCREW

FLASH CHAMBER
FLASH TUBE
DETONATOR

PLUNGER
PLUNGER SPRING PLUNGER

MAIN CHARGE BOTTOM FUZE

CAVITY NUT

Figure 98. Light antitank mine.

AG0 2754A

117
was designed for use by paratroopers to secure mine on a flat, hard surface; unscrew
jump areas and company positions. Several the safety screw approximately 10
may be carried and installed by one man. turns; and replace the protective cap.
c. Functioning. Caution: Without the fuze nuts on
(1) Antitank. the plungers of the fuzes, the mine is
extremely sensitive; if jarred or
(а) A pressure of 250 pounds, or more,
dropped, its own weight may cause it
crushes the top cover of the mine
to explode.
case and depresses the actuating
sleeve of one or more of the fuzes e. Neutralizing.
until the actuating sleeve clears the (1) Remove the protective cap and turn
striker-retaining balls, releasing the the safety screw clockwise, screwing
spring-lbaded striker against the it all the way in, until the white line
percussion cap. marked sicker (safe) on the screw
(б) The percussion cap produces a head lines up with the white indicator
flame that travels through the flash mark on the mine case. This action
tube to the flash chamber, firing the closes the opening between the flash
detonator and the main charge. chamber and the detonator.
(2) Antipersonnel. The fuze nuts on the (2) Check for and neutralize any activat­
bottom cover of the mine case are re­ ing fuzes.
moved, and the mine, resting on the (3) Lift the mine from the hole without
threaded ends of the plungers, is tilting it. Before putting the mine
placed on a flat, hard surface. down, examine it to see that all the
bottom fuze nuts are in place. If these
(a) Light pressure on the top cover of fuze nuts are not in place, the mine is
the mine case depresses the entire extremely sensitive; if jarred or
mine, except the plunger-and- dropped, its own weight may cause it
striker assembly of each fuze, until to explode.
the actuating sleeve of one or more
(4) Stand the mine on edge and remove
of the fuzes clears the striker-re­
the five top fuze plugs, the percussion­
taining balls, releasing the spring-
cap holders, and the percussion caps.
loaded striker against the percus­
(5) Turn the mine upside down and re­
sion cap.
move the five bottom fuze nuts.
(&) The percussion produces a flame (6) Remove the tape from the joint be­
that travels through the flash tube tween the covers of the mine case and
to the flash chamber, firing the det­ pry loose the bottom cover.
onator and the main charge. (7) Unscrew the three nuts that hold the
d. Installing and Arming. steel-encased main charge to the top
(1) Be sure that the fuzes, the percussion cover.
caps, the fuze plugs, the fuze nuts, and (8) Remove the steel-encased main charge
the centrally located detonator are in from the top cover.
place, and that the safety screw is (9) Unscrew the detonator holder and re­
' screwed all the way in until the white move the detonator.
line marked sicker (safe) on the safety /. Packing. Five of these mines are packed
screw head lines up with the white in an open wooden case designed to be para­
indicatoi- mark on the mine case. chuted to the ground from aircraft (fig. 99).
(2) For antitank use, unscrew the safety
screw approximately 10 turns and re­ 84. Bounding Hollow-Charge Mine 4672
place the protective cap.
(Hohl-Sprung Mine 4672)
(3) For antipersonnel use, remove the
bottom fuze nuts from the bottom a. Description. The bounding hollow-charge
cover of the mine; gently place the mine (fig. 100) is cylindrical in shape with a

118 AGO 2754A

 Figure 99. Packing case far light antitank mines.

cone-shaped top. It consists of an outer case, and a hollow charge, which is the main charge.
an inner case, a cone-shaped spacer head, an The outer case is screwed to a wooden base. The
exposed flash tube, a concrete fragmentation inner case contains the concrete fragmentation
collar, a propelling charge, two primer charges, collar and the main charge. The cone-shaped

'A IN.

FLASH
TUBE

Figure 100. Bounding hollow-charge mine 4672.

AGO 2764A
119
 BASE OF
SPACER FUZE
HEAD
SPECIAL
PERCUSSION <
ASSEMBLY
HOLLOW CHARGE
(MAIN CHARGE)

GASKET
FLASH
TUBE

CHARGE
CONCRETE

COLLAR

DELAY
PELLET

POWDER
TRAIN

WOODEN
8ASE .

FUZE
HOUSING IMPACT
FUZE METAL C PROPELLING
CAP CELLULOID CHARGE
COLLAR

Figure 100.—Continued.

spacer head is fixed to the top of the main fragmentation collar are two wells, each with
charge with a rubber gasket to waterproof the a booster charge, a detonator, a percussion cap,
joint. In the bottom of the main charge is a and a delay pellet. The delay pellet rests on the
fuze well that contains an impact fuze. The im­ propelling charge. The flash tube contains the
pact fuze consists of a striker, a lightly com­ main fuze well and is held to the mine by a
pressed creep spring that holds the striker in bracket. The bottom of the flash tube contains a
place, a percussion cap, and a detonator. The powder train that is fired by a special percus­
fuze well is closed by a metal cap. In the bottom sion cap assembly at the top of the flash tube.
of the mine, between the inner and outer cases, This special percussion cap assembly is fired by
is the propelling charge, which rests on a cel­ the main fuze, which can be a snap fuze 43/1
luloid collar. In the bottom of the concrete (par. 18) or 43/11 (par. 19) or a tilt fuze 43A
AGO 2754A
120
(par. 38) or 43B (par. 39). The mine is 6*4 (3) Attach the special percussion cap as­
inches in diameter and 11 *4 inches long. It sembly to the flash tube.
weighs a total of 22 pounds, including 3.5 (4) Screw a snap fuze 43/1 or 43/11 or a
pounds of explosive. tilt fuze 43A or 43B in the main fuze
b. Employment. This mine is effective well.
against both vehicles and personnel. It was de­ (5) Arm the main fuze according to the
signed to penetrate 4 inches of armor, and for procedure outlined in chapter 5 for
use in all types of terrain, including deep snow. the fuze used.
c. Functioning. e. Neutralizing.
(1) Actuating the main fuze releases a (1) Neutralize the main fuze according to
spring-loaded striker against the spe­ the procedure outlined in chapter 5 for
cial percussion cap assembly. the fuze used.
(2) The flash produced by the special per­ (2) Unscrew the main fuze from the flash
cussion cap assembly ignites the pow­ tube.
der train.
(3) Remove the special percussion cap as­
(3) The powder train fires the propelling sembly from the flash tube.
charge.
(4) Search for and neutralize any activat­
(4) The propelling charge propels the in­ ing fuzes.
ner case into the air and, at the same
time, fires the delay pellets.
(5) When the spacer head, which provides
the correct “stand off,” strikes a solid
object, such as a tank, the inertia of
motion of the striker overcomes the
light resistance of the creep spring,
and the strike!' fires the percussion
cap, the detonator, and the main
charge.
(6) If the delay pellets burn through be­
fore the mine strikes a solid object,
they fire the percussion caps, the deto­
nators, the booster charges, and the
main charge.
Note. In both (5) and (6) above there is
fragmentation of the concrete fragmentation
collar. This fragmentation is of primary
importance in (6) which makes the mine an
antipersonnel mine, and only of secondary
importance in (5) where penetration is the
primary effect and makes the mine an anti­
tank mine.
d. Installing and Arming.
(1) Unscrew the metal cap from the fuze
well in the bottom of the main charge;
insert an impact fuze, closed end first,
into the fuze well; and replace the cap.
(2) Place the mine in a hole so the tip of
the spacer head is flush with the sur­ Figure 101. Packing of bounding hollow-charge
face of the ground. mine 1(672.
AGO 2754A
121
 (5) Lift the mine. f. Packing. Two mines are packed in an open
(6) Unscrew the metal cap from the fuze wooden crate, the wooden bases of the mines
well in the bottom of the main charge, forming the ends of the crate (fig. 101). The
remove the impact fuze, and replace impact fuzes are packed separately in cartons
the cap. of 10.

AGO 2754A
122
 CHAPTER 7
ANTIPERSONNEL MINES

Section I. ANTIPERSONNEL MINES

85. S-Mine 35 (BoundingShrapnel Mine) on the functioning of the mine, these

(S-Mine 35; S.Mi. 35) changes do not alter the methods of
arming or neutralizing.
a. Description.
(a) Three brass screws at the base con­
(1) General. The antipersonnel S-mine 35 nect the mine case to the mine con­
(fig. 102) consists of a cylindrical tainer. The propelling charge must
steel mine , case 4 inches in diameter shear these before it projects the
and 5 inches high. The mine case con­ mine into the air. This model ex­
tains a centrally located fuze well plodes closer to the ground.
(which leads to a cavity in the bottom
(&) The steel balls are replaced by scrap
of the mine case for a small propell­
steel, such as pieces of broken
ing charge); three brass detonator
spring or cut nails.
wells with a delay pellet in each well;
a 16-ounce main charge; and several (c) The detonator wells are of paper
hundred steel balls which are held instead of brass. The detonator­
against the mine case wall by a thin, well plugs have wooden plugs at­
cylindrical, steel partition. This mine tached to their under sides. The
fits into a cylindrical steel mine con­ plugs fit down into the paper deto­
tainer. The total weight of the mine nator wells. In this model of the
and mine container is 9 pounds. It has mine, there are no springs to hold
an effective casualty radius of 10 to 15 the detonators against the short­
yards and a danger area radius of 100 delay pellets.
yards. The fuze normally used with (d) A wax seal is used instead of the
this mine is the S-mine fuze 35 (par. sheet-metal waterproof seal.
25). The electrical S-mine fuze 40 (e) A flat-top plate extends over the
(par. 26) was also designed for use mine container to form a seal.
with this mine. With a Y-shaped fuze (/) A detonator replaces the 4 ^-second
adapter (fig. 103), two pull fuzes 35 delay pellet at the bottom of the
(par. 44) or other pull fuzes may be fuze well so the mine fires instan­
fitted to the mine and laid with trip taneously, without bounding.
wires. A W-shaped fuze adapter (fig. (g) An activating fuze well is located in
103) was also provided and enabled the bottom of the mine.
the mine to be fitted with three fuzes r
—two pull fuzes in the end fuze wells b. Employment. This mine is used for local
and an S-mine fuze 35 in the central security of units and in antitank mine fields to
fuze well. hinder reconnaissance and breaching parties.
(2) Modifications. The following is a sum­ c. Functioning.
mary of modifications found on S- (1) Pressure of 15 pounds on the S-mine
mines. All of these changes are usu­ fuze 35 actuates it, igniting the 4^-
ally not present in an individual mine second delay pellet at the bottom of
and, although they have some effect the fuze well.
AGO 2754A
123
 DETONATOR
WELL PLUGS (3)

DETONATOR
WELLS (3) 1 FILLER PLUG

MAIN WATERPROOF
CHARGE CAVITY . SEAL

SPRING

STEEL
BALLS

MINE CASE

detonator

SHORT-
DELAY
PELLET

4'2 SEC.
DELAY
PELLET

STEEL
PARTITION

CAVITY FOR
MINE PROPELLING

Figure 102. S-mine 35 (bounding shrapnel mine).

(2) The delay pellet burns through and (2) Replace the springs and the detonator
ignites the propelling charge. well plugs.
(3) The propelling charge projects the (3) Unscrew the shipping cap from the
mine case upward out of the mine con­ fuze well and screw in either an S-
tainer and, at the same time, ignites mine fuze 35; a Y-shaped fuze adapter
the short-delay pellets in the detona­ (fig. 103) with two pull fuzes; a W-
tor wells. shaped fuze adapter with one pressure
fuze 35 and two pull fuzes (fig. 103);
(4) The short-delay pellets burn through
or an electrical bridge and an electri­
and set off the detonators and the
cal S-mine fuze 40 set (fig. 31).
main charge when the mine is from 3
to 5 feet in the air. (4) Place the mine in a hole so the tops of
the fuze or fuzes are slightly above
(5) The main charge scatters the steel ground level. If pull fuzes are used,
balls, and fragments of the mine case, attach trip wires to the fuzes and to
within a radius of 100 yards.
an anchor.
d. Installing and Arming. (5) Remove the safety pins.
(1) Unscrew the three detonator-well e. Neutralizing.
plugs from the detonator wells, re­
move the springs, and insert either (1) Insert a nail in the safety-pin hole of
three standard German No. 8 detona­ each pressure or pull fuze.
tors, or three United States nonelec­ (2) Cut any slack trip wires, after check­
tric blasting caps, open end doivn. ing the anchored ends for pull fuzes.
AGO 2764A
124
 Figure 103. Y- and W-shaped fuze adapters fitted to the S-mine 35, and installation with the W-shaped adapter.

(3) Check the mine for activating fuzes f. Packing. These mines are shipped with
and neutralize any that are found. the detonators removed and the detonator-well
(4) Remove the mine from the ground. plugs in the detonator wells. A shipping cap is
(5) Unscrew the pressure or pull fuze or placed on the fuze well. Three mines are packed
fuzes.
either in a watertight, metal carrying case or
(6) Unscrew the three detonator-well
plugs and remove the springs and det­ in a wooden crate (fig. 104). The total weight
onators by turning the mine upside of the packed metal carrying case is about 33
down and shaking it. pounds.
AGO 2754A
125
 wire. Although the S-mine fuze 44 (par. 37)
was designed for this mine, it was so dangerous
that the Germans most often armed the mine
with the S-mine fuze 35 (par. 25).
b. Employment. This mine is used for local
security of units and in antitank mine fields to
hinder reconnaissance and breaching parties.
c. Functioning.
(1) A pressure of 20 pounds on the tips of
the two striker-retaining arms or a
pull of 14 pounds on a trip wire at­
tached to one of the striker-retaining
arms of the S-mine fuze 44 releases
the spring-loaded striker against the
percussion cap, igniting the delay pel­
let.
(2) After a delay of 4J/^ seconds, the delay
pellet fires the propelling charge which
propels the mine out of the mine con­
tainer to the full 2^-foot length of
the pull wire.
(3) . The pull wire pulls the release pin
from the pull type, ball-release fuze,
releasing the spring-loaded striker
against the percussion cap and firing
the mine.
Figure 104. Carrying cases for S-viines 35. cl. Installing and Arming.
(1) Lay the mine in a hole in the ground.
If the ground is not firm enough to
86. S-Mine44 (BoundingShrapnel Mine) keep the mine container from being
(S-Mine 44; S.Mi. 44) driven further into the ground when
a. Description. The antipersonnel S-mine 44 the propelling charge is fired, place a
(fig. 105) is similar in size and appearance to board under the mine. The mine nor­
the S-mine 35 (par. 85). It is 4 inches in diam­ mally is buried with only the arms of
eter and 5% inches high and weighs a total of the fuze showing. In winter, however,
9 pounds, including 5 pounds of explosive. The the entire top of the fuze must be
explosive is inserted through a filler hole in the above ground level.
covei’ plate. This mine differs from the S-mine (2) Unscrew the detonator-well plug and
35 in that the fuze well is not centrally located insert a detonator, open end down,
but is at the side of the cover plate. The fuze and replace the plug.
well contains a 4^-second delay pellet and a (3) Screw an S-mine fuze 35 or 44 into
propelling charge. In the center of the cover the fuze well. Attach trip wires to the
plate is a detonator well for insertion of a deto­ arms of the S-mine fuze 44, if desired.
nator. At the base of the detonator well is a
pull type, ball-release fuze. A pull wire, usually (4) Arm the fuze by pulling out the safety
2y2 feet long, ties the release pin of the pull pin.
type, ball-release fuze to the base of the mine Caution: If the S-mine fuze 44 is
container. The height at which the mine ex­ used, remove the safety pin with wire
plodes is controlled by the length of the pull or rope from a distance of 50 yards.
AGO 2764A
126
 DETONATOR
WELL PLUG
FILLER PLUG

COVER PLATE

MINE CONTAINER

WOODEN PLUG

MINE CASE 414 SECOND

DELAY PELLET
DETONATOR
PROPELLING
PERCUSSION CAP CHARGE

STEEL
BALLS

MAIN CHARGE
STRIKER

STRIKER SPRING
BALL RELEASE
FUZE

STRIKER-RETAINING
BALLS

PULL WIRE

Figure 105. S-mine 44 (bounding shrapnel mine).

AGO 2754A
127
 e. 'Neutralizing. antitank mine fields to hinder, and warn of,
(1) When the mine is armed with the S- reconnaissance and breaching parties.
mine fuze 44, extreme care is neces­ c. Functioning. A pull on the trip wire with­
sary in neutralizing it. When the safe­ draws the striker-retaining pin from the striker
ty pin has been removed, the striker­ shaft, releasing the spring-loaded striker
retaining arms are holding the spring- against the percussion cap and firing the mine.
loaded striker only by friction. Jar­
cl. Installing and Arming.
ring or touching the striker-retaining
arms could easily cause them to fall (1) Drive the stake into the ground until
off, releasing the striker. Carefully in­ about 5 inches of it remains above the
sert a nail or wire through the safety- ground.
pin holes -before cutting any trip (2) Assemble the mine by inserting the
wires. Then cut the trip wires. main charge, fuze-well end first, in
(2) Unscrew the fuze. the large hole in the bottom of the con­
crete shell.
(3) Unscrew the detonator-well plug and
remove the detonator. (3) Insert a pull fuze 42, with detonator,
or a pull fuze 35, with detonator, into
Caution: When removing the deto­
the small hole in the top of the con­
nator, do not let the mine fall out of
crete case and screw it into the fuze
the mine container. Should this hap­
well of the main charge.
pen, the pull wire may actuate the
mine. (4) Put the mine on the stake; or, if a
tree is used, tie the mine to the tree
f. Packing. Three mines are packed either in and plug the hole in the bottom. The
a watertight, metal carrying case or in a Germans provided a cork plug for
wooden crate. Fuzes and detonators are packed this. If the pull fuze 35 is used, drive
in containers, separate from the mines. a second stake, beside the mine, keep­
ing it higher than the mine so that the
87. Concrete Stake Mine (Stockmine; trip wire will run up over it and pull
Sto. Mi.) upward on the fuze when it is tripped.
a. Description. The antipersonnel concrete (5) Anchor the trip wire.
stake mine (fig. 106) consists of a main charge (6) Attach the loose trip wire to the fuze.
surrounded by a concrete case which is em­ (7) Pull out the safety pin if the pull fuze
bedded with metal fragments. The German 35 is used.
100-gram (0.25-pound) standard bore-hole e. Neutralizing.
charge is used as the main charge. The mine
(1) If the pull fuze 42 is used, hold the
itself is 6^ inches long and 3 inches in diam­ striker-retaining pin firmly in place
eter. A round wooden stake, 14 inches long and and cut the trip wire. If the pull fuze
ll/z inches in diameter, is set in the lower end
35 is used, insert a nail or wire in the
of the concrete shell. Total weight of the mine
safety-pin hole of the fuze and then
is 4.5 pounds. The mine normally uses the pull
cut the trip wire.
fuze 42 (par. 42), but the pull fuze 35 (par. 44)
can also be used. It has an effective casualty (2) Unscrew the fuze and detonator.
radius of 10 yards and a danger-area radius up (3) Remove the detonator from the fuze.
to 66 yards. This mine has been founded with (4) Pull the mine and stake loose with
a serrated, cast-iron cylinder placed around the wire oi' rope from a distance of 50
concrete body to add greater fragmentation yards since the stake may be booby-
effect. The mine is similar to the Soviet trapped.
POMZ-2 stake mine (TM 5-223A). (5) Remove the stake and the main charge
b. Employment. This mine is used with trip from the mine.
wires to block trails and other routes of ap­ f. Packing. These mines are packed six to a
proach to unit positions. It is also employed in wooden chest. The weight of the mines and
AGO 2754A
128
 WIRE

PULL FUZE 42 STRIKER

SPRING

STRIKER
PERCUSSION
CAP

DETONATOR

61? IN.

CONCRETE CASE
WITH METAL
FRAGMENTS

MAIN CHARGE

14 IN. STAKE

J*- l’/2 IN.

Figure 106. Concrete stake mine.

chest is about 39 pounds. A separate bundle of 1.5 pounds of explosive blocks. This mine is
six stakes is supplied with each chest of mines. fuzed with the fuse lighter 29 (par. 48). The
fuze and the detonator holder are held in posi­
88. Concrete Ball Mine tion in the mine by a wooden block, the fuze be­
a. Description. The antipersonnel concrete ing held in the wooden block by wedges. The
ball mine (fig. 107) consists of a main charge fuze and the detonator are connected by 2 inches
encased in a ball-shaped case of concrete, 10 of time fuze, which takes about 10 seconds to
inches in diameter, embedded with metal frag­ burn through. The mine has an effective cas­
ments. The total weight of the mine is about ualty radius of 15 yards and a danger-area
20 pounds, including the main charge of about radius up to 150 yards.
Ago 2754A
129
 IV I IN."

Figure 107. Concrete ball mine.

AGO 27^
130
 b. Employment. This mine was installed with a threaded fuze well which receives the
along trails and in antitank mine fields with fuze directly, without the necessity of a fuze
one or more trip wires. It was also used as a adapter, and a built-in metal detonator holder
grenade by rolling it downhill. attached to the removable lid.
c. Functioning. A pull on the pull ring of the b. Employment. This mine is laid along road
fuse lighter 29 ignites the time fuze, which shoulders, trails, and hedgerows as an antiper­
fires the detonator and the main charge. sonnel mine. It is normally buried with just the
fuze above ground.
d. Installing and Aiming.
c. Functioning.
(1) Attach the fuse lighter 29 by means
of the time fuze adapter to a short (1) A pressure of about 15 pounds on the
length of time fuze equipped with a Buck chemical fuze crushes it and
detonator and insert in a wooden breaks the glass vial.
block, wedging the fuse lighter in (2) The mixture of the chemical from the
place with wooden wedges, as shown glass vial with the white powder sur­
in figure 107. rounding the vial produces a flash.
(2) Screw the detonator holder and deto­ (3) The flash sets off the detonator and
nator into a., block of explosive. the main charge.
X,

(3) Install the fuze assembly in the con­ d. Installing and Arming.
crete case. (1) Unscrew the fuze adapter and insert
(4) Place the mine on the ground with the detonator in the detonator holder.
the fuze assembly horizontal and se­ (2) Screw the fuze adapter into the deto­
cure the mine in place with stakes so nator holder.
that it will not be pulled out of place (3) Screw a Buck chemical fuze into the
by the action required to actuate the fuze adapter by holding it by the base,
fuse lighter by the trip wire. not by the fragile aluminum shell.
(5) Attach the trip wire, first at the (4) Install the mine in one of the follow­
anchor end then to the pull ring of the ing ways (fig. 109).
fuse lighter. (a) Place the mine in a hole so the top
e. Neutralizing. of the fuze is level, or slightly below,
(1) Cut the trip wire. the surface of the ground. If de­
(2) Tape the pull ring to the case of the sired, carefully place a pressure
fuse lighter. board over the fuze to increase the
(3) Remove the fuze assembly. pressure area.
(4) Disassemble the fuze assembly. (&) Place the mine in a hole so the en­
tire fuze projects above the surface
89. Pot Mine A 200 (Behelfs Schutzen- of the ground.
mine A 200) (c) Lay the mine on the surface of the
ground.
a. Description. The antipersonnel pot mine Note. When laying more than one mine,
A 200 (fig. 108) consists of a small, cylindrical keep at least 3-foot intervals between
metal case containing 7 ounces (200 grams) of mines to reduce the possibility of sympa­
powdered explosive. It is 2 inches high and 3 thetic detonation.
inches in diameter at the top and has a total e. Neutralizing. This mine has no safety de­
weight of 13 ounces. A plastic detonator holder, vices or activating fuze wells.
a detonator, fuze adapter, and a Buck chemical (1) Unscrew the Buck chemical fuze by
fuze (par. 28) are centrally located in the top holding it by the base, not by the
°f the case. This mine was called the “mustard fragile aluminum shell.
P°t” by troops in World War II. A modification (2) Unscrew the fuze adapter and tip the
°f this mine, called the pot mine A 202, differs mine so the detonator falls out into
slightly from the A 200. It has a removable lid the hand.

AqO 2754a
131
 *- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 IN.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

BUCK CHEMICAL FUZE

ALUMINUM SHELL

WHITE POWDER

BRASS BASE FIBER WASHER

FUZE
ADAPTER

PLASTIC DETONATOR
HOLDER

MAIN
DETONATOR CHARGE
CAVITY

Figure 108. Pot mine A 200.

AGO 216*
132
 and 2 inches high. The lid overlaps the case and
is held in place with adhesive tape. A plastic
detonator holder, a detonator, a fuze adapter,
and a Buck chemical fuze (par. 28) are cen­
trally located in the top of the case.
b. Employment. This mine is used for unit
security and is installed in ditches and on trails
along the approach routes to unit positions. This
mine is also used in booby-trap installations.
c. Functioning.
(1) A pressure of about 15 pounds on the
Buck chemical fuze crushes it and
breaks the glass vial.
(2) The mixture of the chemical from the
glass vial with the white powder sur­
Figure 109. Methods of installing the pot mine A 200.
rounding the vial produces a flash.
(3) The flash sets off the detonator and
Note. This mine is easily detected by any the main charge.
mine detector. If the probing method of mine
location is used, be careful not to crush the d. Installing and Arming.
aluminum shell of the fuze. If the fuze is (1) Insert the detonator in the detonator
crushed or pierced, the mine will explode.
holder.
(2) Screw a Buck chemical fuze into the
90. Pot Mine S 150 (Behelfs Schutzen- fuze adapter by holding it by the base,
mine S 150) not by the fragile aluminum shell.
a. Description. The antipersonnel pot mine (3) Install the mine in one of the follow­
S 150 (fig. 110) is similar to the pot mine A 200 ing ways (fig. 109).
but consists of a thinner case with a removable (a) Place the mine in a hole so the top
lid. It contains 150 grams (5.25 ounces) of of the fuze is level, or slightly be­
explosive. The case is 2^ inches in diameter low, the surface of the ground. If

BUCK CHEMICAL
FUZE

BRASS
8ASE

WASHER

2 IN. ADHESIVE
TAPE

FUZE
ADAPTER

DETONATOR

PLASTIC DETONATOR
HOLDER

Figure 110. Pot mine S150.

AGO 2754A
133
 desired, carefully place a pressure drab, or white depending upon the surround­
board over the fuze to increase the ings in which it is laid.
pressure area. b. Employment. This mine is laid along
(b) Place the mine in a hole so the en­ paths, trails, road shoulders, approaches to
tire fuze projects above the surface likely fords across rivers and streams, and in
of the ground. antitank mine fields; It may be laid unburied
(c) Lay the mine on the surface of the in grass or wooded areas and covered with
ground. leaves or other vegetation.
Note. When laying more than one mine, c. Functioning. Pressure of 6 to 11 pounds
keep at least 3-foot intervals between
mines to reduce the possibility of sympa­
on the pressure lid pushes the striker-retaining
thetic detonation. pin out of the fuze, releasing the spring-loaded
e. Neutralizing. This mine has no safety de­ striker against the percussion cap and firing
vices or activating fuze wells. the mine.
(1) Unscrew the Buck chemical fuze by d. Installing and Arming.
holding it by the base, not by the fra­ (1) Open the pressure lid and place the
gile aluminum shell. main charge so the fuze well faces the
(2) Tip the mine so the detonator falls out hole in the front end of the case.
into the hand. (2) Screw the fuze, with detonator, into
Note. This mine is easily detected by any the main charge through the hole in
mine detector. If the probing method of mine the mine case.
location is used, be careful not to crush the
aluminum shell of the fuze. If the fuze is (3) Push the main charge and the fuze
crushed or pierced, the mine will explode. toward the back of the mine case un­
til the striker-retaining pin touches
91. Schii'mines the outside of the case.
Schii’mines were among the most commonly (4) Turn the striker shaft so the wings
encountered German antipersonnel mines in of the striker-retaining pin are hori­
World War II. This type of mine consists of a zontal and below the striker shaft.
small wooden or cardboard case with a hinged (5) If the mine is to be activated, drive
lid and functions under pressure. It was pat­ a stake into the ground under the
terned after the Soviet PMD mines (TM 5- fuze and tie a length of wire to the
223A) which were copied from a similar Fin­ stake and to the end of the loop of the
nish antipersonnel mine (TM 5-223B). The striker-retaining pin.
three variations of the Schii’mine are described (6) Close the pressure lid very carefully
in paragraphs 92, 93, and 94. so the fuze slot fits over the fuze and
rests on the wings of the striker-re­
92. Schii'mine42 (Schutzenmine 42; taining pin. Lay the mine with the
Schii. Mi. 42) hinged end of the pressure lid toward
the enemy.
a. Description. The antipersonnel Schii’mine e. Neutralizing.
42 (fig. Ill) has an impregnated plywood or (1) Check the fuze to make sure the
pressed cardboard case 4% inches long, 314, striker-retaining pin is seated firmly
inches wide, and 1% inches high with a hinged
in the striker shaft.
pressure lid overlapping the case. The pres­
sure lid has a fuze slot cut in the center of the (2) Examine the fuze carefully for a pull
front edge to fit over the pull fuze 42 (par. 42) wire connected to the striker-retain­
so the sides of the slot rest on the wings of the ing pin. If a slack pull wire is found,
striker-retaining pin. The main charge is a cut it.
standard 200-gram (0.44 pound) block of ex­ (3) Raise the pressure lid of the mine.
plosive. The mine has a total weight of about (4) Holding the striker-retaining pin in
1.1 pounds. It is painted gray, tan, black, olive place, unscrew the fuze.
AGO 2754*
134
 PRESSURE LID

Figure 111. Schii’mine 1,2.

(5) Remove the detonatoi- from the fuze. with a nail inserted in the trip wire (outer)
Caution: Destroy the mine in place hole of the striker shaft. The side of the pres­
if the striker-retaining pin is partially sure lid which contains the fuze slot is angled
withdrawn or if there is difficulty in in toward the mine case and the nail in the pull
cutting the pull wire. fuze 35 bears against the outside of the pres­
Note. The small metal content of this mine sure lid. The safety-pin cord passes through
makes it extremely difficult to detect with a hole provided in the top of the pressure lid.
electronic mine de'ectors, and its small size
makes it difficult to find by observation or The safety-pin cord is used to remove the safety
probing. A United States mine probe Ml or a pin after the mine has been laid. There are two
light probe made of a round bar one-fourth wooden spacer blocks on either side of the pull
inch in diameter and pointed at one end are fuze 35 which serve to hold the fuze and a 0.44-
suitable probes. If these probes are not avail­ pound main charge in place. When the mine is
able, a bayonet may be used with caution.
The probe is held at an angle of approximate­ armed it is 7 inches long, 4%. inches wide, and
ly 30° to the ground. 5 inches high.
/. Packing. These mines are packed in light b. Employment. This mine is laid along
open wooden crates, 20 mines to a crate. Deto­ paths, trails, road shoulders, approaches to
nators, fuzes, and charges are packed sepa­ likely fords across rivers and streams, and in
rately. antitank mine fields. It may be laid unburied
in grass or wooded areas and covered with
^3. Schii 'mine44 (Schiitzenmine44; leaves or other vegetation.
Schii. Mi. 44) c. Functioning. Pressure of 15 pounds on the
«• Description. The antipersonnel Schii’mine pressure lid forces the sloped front of the pres­
44 (fig. 112) uses the pull fuze 35 (par. 44) sure lid against the nail, pushing the striker
ACO 2754A
135
 (4) Remove the nut on the end of the
safety pin.
(5) With the safety-pin cord, pull the
safety pin through the hole in the
pressure lid.
e. Neutralizing.
(1) Carefully lift the pressure lid without
applying a downward pressure and
remove the nail.
(2) Insert the nail in the safety-pin hole
of the fuze.
(3) Unscrew the fuze.
(4) Remove the detonator from the fuze.

94. 400-Gram Schii'mine

a. Description. The antipersonnel 400-gram
Schii’mine (fig. 113) differs from the previous
models by being larger, containing more explo­
sives, having the fuze entirely inside the wooden
mine case, and by requiring the bending of a
nail to actuate the ftize. The mine is 8%, inches
long, 3% inches wide, and 4*4 inches high. The
main charge, consisting of two 200-gram
charges (0.88 pound), is placed in the back of
the mine case. A wooden fuze-support block is
located between the main charge and a wooden
pressure block nailed to the under side of the
pressure lid. A pull fuze 42 (par. 42) projects
from the fuze-support block so the fuze slot in
Figure 112. Schii’mine 44. the pressure block fits over the striker shaft of
the fuze. A small nail inserted through the
front end of the pressure lid and mine case acts
shaft outward until the spring-loaded striker is as the actuating pin and a larger nail, near the
released against the percussion cap, firing the small nail acts as a safety pin. Two other nails
mine. at the opposite end of the pressure lid act as
hinges. This mine is very similar to the Soviet
d. Installing and Arming.
Ovtsinnikov mine (TM 5-223A).
(1) Place the 0.44-pound main charge in b. Employment. This mine is laid along
the mine and screw a pull fuze 35, paths, trails, road shoulders, approaches to
with detonator, into the main charge likely fords across rivers and streams, and in
through the hole in the end of the antitank mine fields. It may be laid unburied
mine. in grass or wooded areas and covered with
(2) Insert a nail in the trip wire (outer) leaves or othei’ vegetation.
hole in the striker shaft and lead the c. Functioning. Pressure of 100 pounds, or
safety-pin cord up through the hole more, on the pressure lid bends down the actu­
in the pressure lid. ating pin, lowering the pressure lid and pres­
(3) Lower the pressure lid so the lower sure block so the latter forces the striker-re­
part of the front of the pressure lid taining pin out of the fuze, releasing the spring-
rests against the nail, which is in a loaded striker against the percussion cap and
horizontal position. firing the mine.
AGO 2754A
136
 3% IN.

4% IN.

PRESSURE LID

NAIL HINGE
SAFETY-PIN
CORD
CASE

MAIN CHARGE

FUZE SUPPORT
BLOCK

PULL FUZE 42 SAFETY PIN (NAIL)

PRESSURE BLOCK ACTUATING PIN

(NAIL)

Figure 113. 400-Gram Schu’mine.

d. Installing and Arming. (2) Unscrew the fuze.

(1) Insert a pull fuze 42, with detonator, (3) Remove the detonator from the fuze.
through the fuze-support block and
screw it into the fuze well of one of 95. Wooden-Block Mine, Type A
the two 200-gram charges.
(2) Position the striker-retaining pin of a. Description. The antipersonnel wooden-
the fuze so its wings are below the block mine, type A (fig. 114) consists of a rect-
striker shaft and so the fuze slot of the • angular block of wood, 7 inches long and ap­
pressure block is directly above the proximately 2 inches square. A charge hole to
wings. accommodate the main charge, which is a stand­
(3) Lower the pressure lid until the safety ard German cylindrical 100-gram (0.22 pound)
pin rests on the mine case. demolition charge, is bored lengthwise approxi­
(4) Push a small nail through the small mately two-thirds of the way through the center
hole near the safety-pin nail. of the block. At the solid end of the block, a
fuze hole is bored part of the way from the top
(5) Remove the safety-pin nail.
of the block to take two chemical vials and a
e. Neutralizing. wooden pressure block. The top of the fuze
(1) Carefully extract the small nail and, hole is larger than the bottom. A cardboard
as it clears the end of the mine case, disk rests on the ridge and supports the pres­
lift the pressure lid. sure block. A small hole to accommodate a deto-
AGO 2754A
137
nator connects the charge hole with the fuze (2) Screw a detonator adapter into the
hole. A wooden pressure lid pivots about wooden fuze well of the main charge and in­
pegs and rests on the pressure block. The open sert a detonator in the adapter.
end of the charge hole is closed with a wooden
or cork plug. The mine is, overall, 8 inches long, (3) Push the main-charge-and-detonator
2i/> inches wide, and 21/4 inches high at the assembly into the charge hole, detona-
charge hole end. tor end first.

Figure 114. Wooden-block mine, type A.

b. Employment. This mine is laid along paths, (4) Close the charge hole with the wooden
trails, road shoulders, approaches to likely fords or cork plug.
across rivers and streams, and in antitank mine (5) Insert the two chemical vials into the
fields. It may be laid unburied in grass or fuze hole.
wooded areas and covered with leaves or other (6) Place the cardboard disk on the ridge
vegetation. in the fuze hole.
c. Functioning. A pressure of approximately (7) Carefully rest the pressure block on
10 pounds on the pressure lid forces the pres­ the cardboard disk.
sure block through the cardboard disk and (8) Lay the mine in firm ground with the
crushes the two chemical vials, producing a fuze end away from the enemy.
flame which fires the detonator and the main (9) Gently lower the pressure lid so it
charge. rests on the pressure block.
d. Installing and Arming. e. Neutralizing.
(1) Remove the wooden or cork plug from (1) Check for and neutralize any activat­
the charge hole. ing fuzes.
AGO 2764*
138
 (2) Carefully raise the pressure lid with­ through the center of the block. At the other
out exerting any downward pressure. end of the block a fuze hole to accommodate a
(3) Lift out the pressure block and the pull fuze 42 (par. 42) is bored into the charge
cardboard disk. hole. A wooden pressure lid pivots about wooden
(4) Carefully remove the two chemical pegs and rests on the wings of the striker-re­
vials. taining pin of the fuze and has two tongues
that protrude through the wings. The open end
(5) Remove the wooden or cork plug from
of the charge hole is closed with a wooden or
the charge hole.
cork plug.
(6) Tip the mine so the main-charge-and-
detonator assembly slides out.
b. Employment. This mine is laid along
paths, trails, road shoulders, approaches to
(7) Remove the detonator from the main likely fords across rivers and streams, and in
charge. antitank mine fields. It may be laid unburied
in grass or wooded areas and covered with
96. Wooden-Block Mine, Type B leaves or other vegetation.
a. Description. The antipersonnel wooden- c. Functioning. A pressure of from 6 to 11
block mine, type B (fig. 115) is similar to the pounds on the pressure lid pushes the striker­
type A except for the fuze and the pressure lid. retaining pin out of the fuze, releasing the
The mine, is 8 inches long, 2^2 inches wide, and spring-loaded striker against the percussion
2(4 inches high. A charge hole to accommodate cap and firing the mine.
the main charge, which is a standard German d. Installing and Arming.
cylindrical 100-gram (0.22 pound) demolition (1) Push the main charge into the charge
charge, is bored lengthwise about 6 inches hole.

WOODEN PEG
PRESSURE LID

MAIN CHARGE

PRESSURE BLOCK CHARGE HOLE

DETONATOR ADAPTER
CARDBOARD
DISK DETONATOR

CHEMICAL VIALS

Figure 115. Wooden-block mine, type B.

*GO 2754A 139

 (2) Close the charge hole with a wooden place with putty, glue, or coal tar to waterproof
or cork plug. the mine. A thick glass pressure plate is glued
(3) Screw the pull fuze 42, with detonator, to the top of the glass shear plate. There are
into the main charge through the fuze two longitudinal grooves in the bottom of the
hole. The wings of the striker-retain­ glass pressure plate so a wire safety device may
ing pin should be horizontal and below be inserted to prevent premature crushing of
the striker shaft. the glass shear plate. In some cases wooden
(4) Place the mine in the ground with the sticks were used for this purpose. The Germans
fuze end away from the enemy. originally called this mine the Glasmine 43 but
late in World War II changed the name to
(5) Gently lower the pressure lid so it
Schiitzen-Kiistenmine (antipersonnel coastal
rests on the wings of the striker-re­
mine).
taining pin of the fuze with the two
tongues of the pressure lid protruding b. Employment.
through the wings. (1) On land. As the glass mine 43, this
e. Neutralizing. mine was laid as an antipersonnel
(1) Check for and neutralize any activat­ mine, buried in the ground and covered
ing fuzes. with about an inch of soil or surround­
ing material, and fitted with either the
(2) Raise the pressure lid.
lever fuze SM 4 or the Buck chemical
(3) Unscrew the fuze and detonator from fuze.
the main charge. (2) Undenvater. The Germans intended
(4) Remove the detonator from the fuze. that the glass mine 43 should be desig-
(5) Remove the wooden or cork plug from
the charge hole.
(6) Tip the mine so the main charge slides
out.
Caution: Destroy the mine in place
if the striker-retaining pin of the pull
fuze 42 is partially withdrawn from
the striker shaft.

97. Glass Mine 43; Also Coastal Mine

(Glasmine 43; GI.Mi. 43; Also
Schiitzen-Kiistenmine; S.Kst. Mi.)
a. Description. This antipersonnel glass mine
43 (fig. 116) is 5 inches in diameter at the base,
6 inches in diameter at the top, and 4 Vs inches
high. The glass case is deep and dish-shaped,
recessed at the bottom to hold a standard 200-
gram (0.44 pound) main charge. The midsec­
tion ridge inside the mine, about 1% inches
from the top, supports a thin, circular, metal
fuze-holder plate oi' the chemical fuze SF 18
(par. 31) which has a fuze-holder plate as an
integral part of the fuze. If the fuze-holder
plate is used, either the lever fuze 44 (par. 27),
the Buck chemical fuze (par. 28), or the fric­
tion fuze SF 6 (par. 29) is employed. The top
lip of the mine is recessed on the inside to hold a
thin glass shear plate, which may be sealed in Figure 116. Glass mine 43 or coastal mine.

AGO 2754A
140
 nated the antipersonnel coastal mine box with 150 grams (0.33 pound) of
(Schiitzen-Kiistenmine) to be used as powdered explosive (for the friction
an underwater antipersonnel mine on fuze SF 6 or the chemical fuze SF 18)
beaches and likely river-crossing in the bottom of the glass case with
points. The friction fuze SF 6 and the fuze well up.
the chemical fuze SF 18 were designed (2) Glue the metal fuze-holder plate, or
for this mine when so employed. an SF 18 fuze with detonator and at­
c. Functioning. A pressure of about 25 tached fuze-holder plate onto the mid­
pounds on the glass pressure plate breaks the section ridge.
glass shear plate and actuates the fuze, setting (3) Screw an assembled lever fuze SM 4
off the detonator and the main charge. or Buck chemical fuze, with detonator,
d. Installing and Arming. into the fuze well of the 200-gram
(1) Place a 200-gram (0.44 pound) charge, or insert the friction fuze SF
charge (for the lever fuze SM 4 or the 6, with detonator, into a hole punched
Buck chemical fuze) or a cardboard with a piece of wood in the 150-gram

Figure 116—Continued.
AGO 2754A
141
 charge. Remove the safety pin of the the wings of the striker-retaining pii^
lever fuze SM 4. are above the striker shaft.
(4) Glue the glass pressure plate to the (3) Place the main detonator in the hole
glass shear plate and glue them to the in the booster charge.
mine case. Be sure the joint is well (4) Position the pressure lid on the mine
waterproofed. so the fuzes coincide with the four
e. Neutralizing. Do not hand-neutralize slots in the rim of the clay case.
these mines; blow them in place with a pre­ e. Neutralizing.
pared charge. (1) Lift the pressure lid vertically, with
f. Packing. These mines were at first packed care.
5 to a cardboard box and later were packed 10 (2) Remove the pull fuzes and their deto-
to a crate made of wooden slats. nators.
(3) Remove the main detonator.
98. Antipersonnel Clay Mine
a. Description. The antipersonnel clay mine 99. Plastic-Can Mine, (Schiitzendosen-
(fig. 117) consists of a cylindrical, baked-clay mine Kiinststoff; Schu. D.Mi. K.)
case with a flat stucco-like pressure lid. It is 8 a. Description. The antipersonnel plastic-
inches in diameter and 3 inches high, and can mine (fig. 118) is a copy of the British tire­
weighs 4 pounds, including about 3 pounds of burster or “ointment box” mine. It is 2% inches
explosive and a cylindrical booster charge. in diameter and 1% inches high. A small,
Four pull fuzes 42 (par. 42), with detonators black, cylindrical Bakelite case with an over­
attached, are set in hollow horizontal chambers lapping lid houses a doughnut-shaped main
at 90° to each other in the lower part of the charge, a built-in spring-loaded striker held by
pressure lid. These chambers lead to a central a shear wire, and a threaded percussion-cap-
ignition chamber which contains the main deto­ and-detonator assembly. The pressure lid is
nator. The lid has four holes of about %-inch held to the case by adhesive tape. This mine
diameter in the top for insertion of sprays of weighs 4 ounces, including 2.5 ounces of explo­
leaves or grass to aid in camouflaging the mine. sive.
b. Employment. This mine is employed in b. Employment. This mine is scattered along
antitank mine fields to hinder reconnaissance airfield runways, paths, roads, and road shoul­
and breaching parties. ders to injure personnel and to destroy the tires
c. Functioning. A pressure of 40 pounds on of vehicles and aircraft.
the pressure lid shears off the rim of the lid and c. Functioning.
pushes the striker-retaining pin out of one or
(1) Pressure on the top or bottom of the
more of the pull fuzes 42, releasing the spring-
mine compresses the striker spring,
loaded striker against the percussion cap and
causing it to bear on the pressure disk
firing the detonator, which sets off the main
in the hollow striker shaft.
detonator, the booster charge, and the main
charge. (2) Further pressure causes the pressure
disk to shear the shear wire, releasing
d. Installing and Arming. These mines
the spring-loaded striker against the
should be laid with a distance of at least 3 feet
percussion-cap-and-detonator assem­
between mines to prevent sympathetic detona­
bly and firing the main charge.
tion.
d. Installing and Arming.
(1) Place the mine in a hole so the pres­
sure lid is even with the ground sur­ (1) Remove the shipping plug from the
face. detonator well in the bottom of the
(2) Remove the pressure lid and place mine.
four pull fuzes 42, with detonators, in (2) Screw in the percussion-cap-and-deto ­
the fuze wells in the pressure lid so nator assembly.

AGO 27MA
142
 8 IN.------------------------------------------------------------------------ ►-

HOLES (4) FOR

CAMOUFLAGE PRESSURE LID

ROUGH TEXTURED
TOP SURFACE OF LID

PULL FUZE 42 (4)’

WITH DETONATOR MAIN DETONATOR
ATTACHED

STRIKER SHAFT

STRIKER-RETAINING
MAIN CHARGE
PIN

BOOSTER CHARGE
CLAY CASE

Figure 117. Antipersonnel clay mine.

AGO 2754A
143
 Z“8 UN.

STRIKER
SHAFT
PRESSURE LID

STRIKER SPRING

SHEAR

STRIKER

MAIN CHARGE

PERCUSSION-CAP-
AND-DETONATOR
ASSEMBLY

Figure 118. Plastic-can mine.

AGO 2754A
144
 (3) Place the mine on the ground or in a c. Functioning.
hole with the pressure lid slightly (1) Air burst. The 5-minute clockwork
above ground level. delay fuze ignites the propelling
e. Neutralizing. Unscrew the percussion- charge, propelling the mine unit out
Cap-and-detonator assembly being careful not of the steel case 10 to 20 feet into the
to exert any pressure on the pressure lid. air before the delay pellet (0.4 sec­
ond) sets off the detonator and the
/. Packing. Two hundred of these mines are main charge. The explosion bursts
packed in a zinc-lined wooden box with a de­ the mine unit, spreading contaminant
scriptive label on the lid. over an area of 360 to 600 square
yards.
100. Bounding Gas Mine 37 (Spriih- (2) Ground burst. The 5-minute clock­
buchse 37; Sp. Bii. 37) work delay fuze, screwed into the
base plug sets off the detonator and
a. Description. The antipersonnel bounding the main charge. The explosion
gas mine 37 (fig. 119) closely resembles a large bursts the mine unit, spreading con­
S-mine (par. 85) in external appearance and is taminant over an area of about 180
very similar to the Soviet bounding gas mine square yards.
KhF-1 (TM 5-223A). A cylindrical steel case
7 inches in diameter and 16 inches high, fitted d. Installing and Arming.
with a handle of wood and wire, houses a cylin­ (1) For air burst.
drical metal mine unit which contains about 2 («) Place the mine in a hole so a fourth
gallons of liquid contaminant (usually mus­ of the mine will be above the
tard). A central ignition tube welded to the ground.
bottom of the mine unit contains a main charge
for bursting the mine, a detonator, and a (5) Loosen the turned-over lip at the
wooden plug with a delay pellet. A base plug top of the steel case with a screw
is threaded internally to receive the bowl­ driver or pair of pliers.
shaped propelling charge consisting of 300 (c) Wind the 5-minute clockwork delay
grams (0.66 pounds) of black powder in a metal fuze with the winding key and set
case. A filler plug is centrally located in the the dial at the desired number of
top of the mine and a flash tube projects above minutes delay. Do not set the fuze
the top of the mine and ends in a horizontal and for a delay of less than 2 minutes.
a vertical fuze well, both internally threaded to (d) Screw the 5-minute clockwork delay
receive the fuze. The bottom of the flash tube fuze into one of the fuze wells.
leads into the propelling charge. The fuze used
with this mine is the 5-minute clockwork delay (e) Remove the safety-pin retaining
fuze (par. 56). The letters Sp. Bit. 37 are sten­ wire and pull the safety pin out of
cilled in white on the side of the steel case and the fuze. This starts the mechanism.
two yellow bands are painted on the upper por­ If the fuze is a type III, 5-minute
tion of the mine unit. All points where leakage clockwork delay fuze, set the arm­
might occur are painted with a pink contami- ing knob at scharf.
nant-detectoi’ varnish which turns red when (2) For ground burst.
contacted by gas. (a) Remove the mine unit from the
b. Employment. This mine is employed to steel case by loosening the turned-
deny various areas to opposing forces by con­ over lip at the top of the steel case
taminating the areas with gas. The mine may with a screw driver or a pair of
be laid to give either an air burst or a ground pliers.
burst. One mine will contaminate an area of (6) Unscrew the propelling charge and
180 square yards in a ground burst and up to the base plug and remove the delay
600 square yards in an air burst. pellet.
AGO 2754A
14S.
 FILLER

FUZE
WELLS

FLASH
TUBE

CENTRAL
IGNITION TUBE

MINE UNIT

MAIN CHARGE

GAS CHAMBER

DETONATOR

WOODEN

DELAY

BASE

PROPELLING CHARGE

STEEL CASE

Figure 119. Bounding gas mine 37.

(c) Replace the base plug and screw a 1-foot layer of packed earth. The mines are de­
5-minute clockwork delay fuze into stroyed by demolition charges. An area with a
it. radius of 50 yards from the mines should be
(d) Arm the 5-minute clockwork delay evacuated. An “unsafe area,” bounded by two
fuze the same way as it is armed lines extending 2,000 yards down wind at a 30°
for an air burst. angle from the direction of the wind, should be
(e) Place the mine unit on the ground. posted.
Note. Only in rare instances will the opportunity
e. Neutralizing. Insert a wire or nail in the present itself to neutralize the mine.
safety-pin hole of the 5-minute clockwork de­
lay fuze and unscrew it from the mine. If a 101. Ice Mine or Bottle Mine 42 (Fla-
type III 5-minute clockwork delay fuze has been
scheneismine 42; Fl. Es. Mi. 42;
used, turn the arming knob to sicker, insert a
safety pin, and unscrew the fuze. In destroying Also, Erschiitterungsmine)
these mines no more than five should be de­ a. Description. The antipersonnel ice mine
stroyed at one time. The mines are placed in a or bottle mine 42 (figs. 120 and 121) resembles
pit 3 feet deep. They are then covered with a a quart-size milk bottle. It has a thick-glass
1-foot layer of decontaminant and then with a body, IO1/-; inches high and 4 inches in diam­
AGO 2764A
146
eter, filled with about 4 pounds of explosive. A water to the nearest impact-fuzed
booster charge is located in the neck of the bot­ mine, shearing the shear wire in the
tle. A wooden plug fits into a recess inside the impact fuze and releasing the spring-
mouth. The wooden plug holds an impact fuze loaded striker against the percussion
which has a detonator crimped to its base. An cap, firing the impact-fuzed mine. The
aluminum cap, waterproofed with sealing com­ concussion from the detonation of the
pound, screws on the top of the bottle over the first impact-fuzed mine causes the
fuze. A rubber waterproofing band fits over a next impact-fuzed mine to detonate
portion of the aluminum cap and glass bottle. and so on.
The impact fuze used in this mine is designed (2) S-mine fuze 35 (par. 25).
to function under the concussion of a nearby (a) Pressure of 15 pounds on the pres­
underwater explosion. An ice mine fitted with sure prongs overcomes the resist­
an electric fuze is used as the initiating mine ance in the plunger spring and de­
to set off the explosion which detonates the presses the plunger.
nearest impact-fuzed ice mine. In the initiating
(&) The two striker-retaining balls are
mine, the aluminum cap covering the top of the
forced outward, releasing the
mine has a built-in, threaded, central fuze well
spring-loaded striker against the
for insertion of. the electric fuze. Sealing com­
percussion cap and firing the mine.
pound is placed around the electric fuze and
aluminum cap. The S-mine fuze 35 (fig. 122) (3) Pull fuze 42 (par. 42). This fuze
and the pull fuze 42 (fig. 123) are sometimes functions by either pressure, pull, or
used in this mine. tension release.
(a) Pressure. Pressure of 6 to 11
b. Employment.
pounds on the wings of the striker­
(1) Although this mine was used by the retaining pin pushes the pin out of
Finnish Army in winter warfare to the striker shaft, releasing the
create water obstacles by blowing gaps spring-loaded striker against the
in the ice on rivers and lakes (TM 5- percussion cap and firing the mine.
223B), the German Army adopted it (ft) Pull. A pull of from 6 to 11 pounds
and employed it as an antipersonnel on a trip wire attached to the loop
mine as shown in figures 122 and 123. in the striker-retaining pin pulls out
The mine was originally designed to the pin, releasing the spring-loaded
be left in the water under ice and be striker against the percussion cap
detonated by remote electrical control and firing the mine.
at the approach of personnel. Ice
(c) Tension release. Cutting or break­
mines are normally laid in frozen riv­
ing a taut trip wire attached to the
ers or lakes in rows or “fields.” They
outer hole in the striker shaft re­
are suspended through holes in the
leases the spring-loaded striker
ice, 6 feet below the surface, by means
against the percussion cap and fires
of wires attached to wooden cross
the mine.
pieces placed over the holes (fig. 124).
They are normally spaced about 16 d. Installing and Arming.
feet apart. (1) Impact fuze.
(2) The ice mine may also be encased in (a) Place the fuze and the attached det­
a block of concrete to add shrapnel ef­ onator into the fuze well.
fect for antipersonnel use. In this (&) Screw on the aluminum cap and
case, it may be fitted as shown in fig­ place the rubber waterproofing
ure 125. band as indicated in figure 120.
c. Functioning. (c) Place the mine in position.
(1) Impact fuze. When the initiating (2) S-mine fuze 35.
mine with the electric fuze detonates, (a) Attach the fuze, with detonator, to
the concussion travels through the the mine.
AGO 2754A
147
 RUBBER WASHER

HARD RUBBER
SHEAR WIRE
STRIKER

ALUMINUM CAP

BRASS FUZE
WOODEN PLUG
BODY
— RUBBER WATERPROOFING
BAND
BOOSTER CHARGE

DETONATOR

GLASS BOTTLE

10'/2 IN

MAIN CHARGE

4 IN.

Figure 120. Ice mine or bottle mine 42.

AGO 2754A
148
 (c) Tension release. With the striker­
retaining pin still in the striker
shaft, attach a taut trip wire to a
stake or bush and then to the trip
wire hole in the striker' shaft. Be
sure the trip wire is taut. Remove
the striker-retaining pin with rope
or wire from a minimum distance
of 50 yards.
e. Neutralizing.
(1) Impact fuze.
(a) Pull the mine up through the hole
in the ice.
(b) Remove the rubber waterproofing
band.
(c) Unscrew the aluminum cap and lift
out the fuze and detonator.
(d) Remove the detonator from the
fuze.
(2) S-mine fuze 35.
(a) Insert a safety pin in the safety-pin
hole.
(b) Search for, investigate, and cut all
slack trip wires connected to the
striker-retaining pin.
(c) Remove the fuze and detonator
from the mine.
(d) Remove the detonator from the
fuze.
(3) Pull fuze 42.
(a) Pressure. Unscrew the fuze and
detonator from the mine and re­
(b) Place the mine in the ground with move the detonator from the fuze.
just the pressure prongs above (b) Pull. Search for, investigate, and
ground. cut all slack trip wires connected to
(c) Unscrew the retaining nut from the the striker-retaining pin; then un­
end of the safety pin and withdraw screw the fuze and detonator from
the safety pin. the mine and remove the detonator
(3) Pull fuze 42. from the fuze.
(a) Pressure. Screw the fuze, with det­ (c) Tension release. Insert a striker­
onator, into the mine. Turn the retaining pin or a cotter pin in the
striker shaft so the wings of the innermost hole in the striker shaft;
striker-retaining pin are below the then cut the taut trip wire, after in­
striker shaft. This will permit the vestigating the other end. Unscrew
pin to be pushed out when pressure the fuze and detonator from the
is applied. : - mine and remove the detonator from
(b) Pull. Attach a slack trip wire to the the fuze.
loop of the striker-retaining pin Caution: If the striker-retaining
after the mine is laid, and fasten pin is not firmly seated in the striker
the other end of the trip wire to a shaft, the mine should be destroyed
stake or bush. in place.
AGO 2754A
149
 Figure 122. Ice mine fitted with S-mine fuze 35.

Figure 128. Ice mine fitted with pull fuze 42.

AGO 2754*
150
 ELECTRICALLY FIRED
INITIATING MINE.

Figure 124. Row of ice mines under ice.

PRESSURE PRONGS

35

CONCRETE

* igure 125. Ice mine encased in a block of concrete.

*G0 27MA 151

 Section II. IMPROVISED ANTIPERSONNEL MINES

102. General 28) is inserted in the nose by means of a plas­

tic adapter.
Most of the German improvised antiperson­
nel mines discussed in this section were manu­ b. Employment. This mine is used in anti,
factured locally by German ordnance battalions tank mine fields to hinder reconnaissance and
using whatever local material was available. breaching parties. It is laid in paths, ditches,
Combat units improvised in the field only the and other places where foot soldiers are most
tread mine (par. 105), the ration-can mine likely to walk.
(par. 106), and the plastic-explosive mine (par. c. Functioning. A pressure of about 15
108). pounds crushes the corrugated aluminum cylin­
der of the Buck chemical fuze, exploding the
103. Antipersonnel Mine W— 1 (Behelfs- mine.
Schiitzenmine W-l) d. Installing and Arming.
a. Description. The improvised antiperson­ (1) Place the mine in a hole.
nel mine W-l (fig. 126) is made from a French (2) Grasping the Buck chemical fuze as
50-mm mortar shell. The tail fins and the nose near to the base as possible, screw it
fuze are removed. A Buck chemical fuze (par. into the mortar shell.

BUCK CHEMICAL FUZE

PLASTIC ADAPTER

MODIFIED MORTAR SHELL

FITTED WITH BUCK
CHEMICAL FUZE

Figure 126. Improvised antipersonnel mine W-l.

AGO ZUtA
152
 e. Neutralizing.
(1) Detecting. This mine is easily de­
tected by any mine detector. If the
probing method of mine location is
used, be careful not to crush the alum­
inum cylinder of the fuze. If the cyl­
inder is crushed or pierced, the mine
explodes.
LID
(2) Neutralizing. This mine has no safety
device. CAST IRON FRAGMENTATION
GRENADE USED AS A
(a) Remove the fuze by unscrewing the BOOSTER CHARGE

adapter from the mortar shell.

Grasp the fuze as near to the base —french egg hand grenades
as possible in order not to crush the / (CONCUSSION GRENADES)
USED AS MAIN CHARGE
aluminum cylinder.
(b) Remove the detonator.
Note. If the aluminum cylinder is at all SHEET METAL 8OX

defaced, this improvised mine should be

destroyed in place. BODY
8“ x 8" x 4"

104. Grenade mine E-5 (Behelfsmine E— Figure 127. Improvised antipersonnel grenade mine
5) E-5.

a. Description. The improvised antiperson­

nel grenade mine E-5 (fig. 127) consists of a with the attached detonator, into the
sheet-metal box and lid, about 8 inches square fuze well in the center of the lid.
and 4 inches high. The box, painted a dark e. Neutralizing. There is no safety device on
green drab, contains five standard French egg this mine.
hand grenades. The four outer grenades are of (1) Unscrew the fuze, holding it as near
the thin-shelled concussion type and the cen­ the base as possible.
tral grenade, which acts as a booster charge, is
a thick-shelled fragmentation type. A Buck (2) Remove the detonator.
chemical fuze (par. 28) is screwed into a metal Note. If the aluminum cylinder is at all
adapter in the central fuze well in the lid and defaced, this improvised mine should be de­
stroyed in place.
the adapter is screwed into the fuze well of the
fragmentation grenade.
105. Tread Mine (Behelfs Brettstiick-
b. Employment. This mine is laid along road
shoulders, trails, and hedgerows as an antiper­ mine)
sonnel mine. a. Description. This improvised antiperson­
c. Functioning. A pressure of 15 pounds on nel tread mine. (fig. 128) consists of a standard
the Buck chemical fuze, or on a pressure board German 1 kilogram (2.2 pound) slab charge
laid over the mine, crushes the fuze and fires wired on its side to a base board. This main
the fragmentation grenade. This grenade, in charge is fitted with a pressure fuze 35 (par.
turn, detonates the four concussion grenades. 24) and covered with a wooden pressure board
d. Installing and Arming. which is wired to the base board.
(1) Place four concussion grenades in the b. Employment. This mine is laid along road
corners of the box and a fragmenta­ shoulders, trails, and hedgerows as an anti­
tion grenade in the center of the box. personnel mine.
(2) Place the lid on the box. c. Functioning. Pressure on the pressure
(3) Grasping the Buck chemical fuze as board actuates the fuze and detonates the main
near to the base as possible, screw it, charge.
AGO 2754A
153
 WOODEN PRESSURE
BOARD

SAFETY PIN

MAIN CHARGE

Figure 128. Improvised antipersonnel tread mine.

AGO 2754A
154
 d. Installing and Arming. (3) Fill the can with rocks, scraps of
(1) Wire the main charge to a board so metal, or glass fragments.
that the fuze well in one side of the (4) Close the lid and screw a pressure or
charge faces upward., pull fuze with detonator attached into
(2) Screw a pressure fuze 35, with detona­ the fuze well of the main charge,
tor, into the fuze well. through the hole in the lid of the can.
(3) Adjust the height of the pressure cap (5) Wrap wire or cord lengthwise around
by rotating it. the can to keep the lid in place.
(4) Wire the pressure board, over the fuze, (6) Lay the mine in a hole and arm the
to the base board. fuze according to the procedure out­
(5) Place the mine in a hole so the pres­ lined in chapter 5.
sure board will be level with the e. Neutralizing.
ground surface. (1) Neutralize the fuze.
(6) Remove the safety pin from the fuze. (2) Unscrew the fuze from the main
e. Neutralizing. charge.
(1) Cut the wires holding the pressure (3) Remove the detonator.
board to the base board and lift off
the pressure board. 107. Ski Mine (Skimine)
(2) Insert a nail or stiff wire in the safety-
a. Description. The improvised antiperson­
pin hole of the fuze.
nel ski mine (fig. 130) consists of a pointed steel
(3) Unscrew the fuze from the charge. tube (a section of pipe) containing a main
(4) Remove the detonator. charge of two or three 100-gram (0.22 pound)
cylindrical charges. The mine is fitted with an
106. Ration-Can Mine S-mine fuze 35 (par. 25). A wooden plug fits
in the top of the mine. This plug has a hole
a. Description. The improvised antiperson­
in the center through which the S-mine fuze 35
nel ration-can mine (fig. 129) consists of an
and the detonator are inserted.
empty ration can with a hole punched in the
lid for insertion of a pull or pressure fuze. A b. Employment. This mine was designed for
100-gram (0.22 pound) cylindrical demolition employment in winter warfare. It is installed
charge is used as the main charge. This charge in ski or sled trails and in front of unit
is surrounded by broken glass, scrap metal, positions.
and other fragments which act as shrapnel c. Functioning. Pressure of. 15 pounds on
when the mine explodes. The lid of the ration the pressure prongs of the S-mine fuze 35 ac­
can is held in place by a wire or cord wrapped tuates the fuze and fires the detonator and the
a number of times lengthwise around the can. main charge.
b. Employment. This mine is laid as either d. Installing and Arming.
a pressure or trip-wire actuated antipersonnel (1) Drive the pipe part of the way into
mine or booby trap. the ground at an angle of 45° to 60°
c. Functioning. Actuation of the fuze sets to the direction of expected traffic.
off the detonator, exploding the 100-gram (0.22 (2) Place the cylindrical charges in the
pound) main charge which scatters the pipe.
shrapnel. (3) Insert the wooden plug in the top of
d. Installing and Arming. the pipe.
(1) Pierce a hole in the center of the lid (4) Insert the detonator in the base of
of an empty ration can which still the fuze.
has the lid attached. (5) Screw the fuze into the mine.
(2) Insert a 100-gram (0.22 pound) cylin­ (6) Unscrew the retaining nut from the
drical main charge into the can, with end of the safety pin and withdraw the
the fuze well up. safety pin.
AGO 2754A
155
 TRIPWIRE

Figure 129. Improvised antipersonnel ration-can mine.

(7) Cover the remainder of the mine with 108. Plastic-Explosive Mine
snow.
a. Description. This improvised antiperson­
e. Neutralizing.
nel plastic-explosive mine (fig. 131) consists
(1) Insert a safety pin in the fuze. of a main charge of several packages of plastic
(2) Unscrew the fuze from the mine. explosive tied together around a 200-gram
(3) Remove the detonator. (0.44 pound) booster charge. These mines

AGO 2754A
156
 PRONGS

SAFETY PIN

FUZE 35

WOODEN PLUG

DETONATOR
Figure 131. Improvised antipersonnel plastic-explosive
SECTION OF PIPE mine.

usually were fuzed with an Italian pressure

friction fuze, designed for the Italian four-fuze
MAIN CHARGE mine.

b. Employment. This mine is laid within

positions of opposing forces after infiltration
behind their lines. It usually is laid on the
shoulders of roads.
c. Functioning. Pressure crushes the Italian
pressure friction fuze, actuating it and firing
the detonator, the booster charge, and the main
charge.
d. Installing and Arming.
(1) Mold the plastic explosive around the
booster charge and tie the plastic ex­
plosive in place with a cord.
(2) Insert the fuze, with detonator, in the
booster charge.
e. Neutralizing.
(1) Examine the mine for trip wires at­
tached to the binding cord.
(2) Lift the fuze from the booster charge.

Figure 130. Improvised antipersonnel ski mine. (3) Remove the detonator.

AGO 2754A 157

 Section III. ANTILIFTING DEVICES AND BOOBY TRAPS

109. General mines may be activated as in figure 132. Figure

133 illustrates the normal method of activating
a. Employment. The German Army devel­ a Tellermine by using a fuze tied with a trip
oped antilifting devices (pars. 110 through 114) wire.
to activate mines and thus prevent, or impede,
their removal (pars. 3 and 5). These antilift­ b. Hand Neutralizing. Hand neutralizing of
ing devices operate either by pressure release, any mine activated with an antilifting device
pull, or a combination of both of these methods. is dangerous, tedious, and time consuming and
They may also be used as booby traps. Teller­ should be done only when absolutely necessary.

Figure 132. Two Tellermines installed with three 75-mm shells.

AGO 2754A
158
 Pull the mine from the hole with a
50-yard length of rope.
(8) After all of the fuzes and/or anti­
lifting devices have been located and
neutralized, remove the mine from the
ground.

110. Metal Pressure-Release Antilifting

Device SM 2 (Entlastungsziinder
Sofortziinder aus Metall; E.Z.SM
2)
a. Description. The metal pressure-release
antilifting device SM 2 (fig. 134) was formerly
designated the E.Z. 44 and consists of a circu­
lar, flat, sheet-metal case 5 inches in diameter
and 1% inches in height. The case houses a
main charge of two semicircular 0.25-pound
blocks of explosive, a clockwork mechanism
with a spring-loaded striker, and a detonator
assembly (Zundersprengkapsel 43). The total
Figure 133. Tellermine with normal activating fuzes. weight of this device is 1.2 pounds. The device
consists of three parts—
Removal as prescribed in paragraph 10d is (1) The pressure-release assembly includes
recommended, but if hand neutralization is nec­ a striker-release plunger that pro­
essary, proceed as follows: trudes through the top of the case, a
(1) Very carefully remove the dirt from plunger spring, and a striker-retain­
the top and sides of the mine, avoid ing arm.
any trip wires that may be present. (2) The clockwork mechanism consists of
(2) Cut all slack trip wires. a winding post which protrudes
(3) Identify and neutralize any activating through the top of the case, a special
fuzes that may be found. winding key, a rubber washer, a clock­
(4) From a distance of approximately 6 work spring, a rotor wheel, and a
inches from the side of the mine, and governor.
at a level just slightly below the bot­ (3) The fuze assembly is composed of a
tom of the mine start digging toward striker, a striker shaft shoulder, a
the mine. striker spring, a percussion cap, and
(5) If contact is made with an object detonator assembly. An externally lo­
under the mine, carefully clear away cated safety bar passes through the
sufficient dirt to identify the object. striker-release plunger and engages
Do not remove any dirt from under­ the rotor wheel. An internally located
neath the object; if it is an antilifting safety pin engages the striker shaft.
device it will not function as long as A rubber waterproofing cap fits over
the mine is exerting pressure on the the striker-release plunger.
top of the device. b. Employment. This pressure-release anti­
(6) If the object is identified as an anti­ lifting. device is employed to activate antitank
lifting device, neutralize it according mines (fig. 135) and may also be used as a
to the specific neutralization proced­ booby trap.
ure for the device. c. Functioning. As the weight is lifted from
(7) If unknown oi' nonstandard fuzes are the pressure-release assembly the striker-re­
encountered, stop the hand removal. lease plunger and the striker-retaining arm
AGO 2764A
159
 STRIKER-RELEASE
WATERPROOFING PLUNGER____
SAFETY BAR PLUNGER
RUBBER CAP SPRING

ROTOR WHEEL
MAIN CHARGE

DETONATOR
GOVERNOR ASSEMBLY

DETONATOR
HOLDER

PERCUSSION
CAP

STRIKER­
RETAINING ARM CLOCKWORK
SPRING ROTOR
STRIKER-SHAFT
SHOULDER

STRIKER
SPRING.
HEAD OF
SAFETY PIN

STRIKER
SHAFT

INTERNAL SAFETY PIN

RUBBER WASHER CLOCKWORK SPRING

WINDING POST

Figure 134. Metal pressure-release antilifting device SM 2.

160 AGO 2754A

 bakelite case, about 3 inches high and 3% inches
in diameter and contains very little metal. The
case has a screw-on, disk-shaped bakelite lid
containing a built-in fuze case. A flat, metal
combination safety-and-arming bar, to which an
arming cord is attached, holds down the move­
able, spring-loaded, striker-release disk. The
fuze case contains a spring-loaded striker, a
striker-retaining arm, a glass vial of chemical,
DEVICE SM2 a soluble pellet, and an arming spindle which is
Figure 135. Pressure-release antilifting device placed turned by the safety-and-arming bar to crush
under a mine. the vial of chemical when the antilifting device
is to be armed. A rubber waterproofing cap
move upward, releasing the spring-loaded covers the fuze mechanism. The 7-ounce main
striker against the percussion cap and firing charge is cylindrical and hollow, like a section
the antilifting device. of a pipe.
d. Installing and Arming.
b. Employment. This pressure-release anti­
(1) Wind the clockwork mechanism fully
lifting device is employed to activate mines and
with the special winding key.
(2) Place the mine to be activated on the may also be used as a booby trap.
striker-release plunger. The weight of c. Functioning. In the unarmed position the
the mine moves the striker-release flat side of the arming spindle is against the
plunger downward and allows the glass vial of chemical. When the arming spindle
safety bar to ride free of the plunger is rotated 90° by the safety-and-arming bar it
slot. crushes the glass vial of chemical. The chemical
(3) Withdraw the safety bar with the 58- then dissolves the safety pellet, which, with the
inch arming cord, freeing the rotor projection on the under side of the striker­
wheel and permitting the clockwork release disk, holds the striker-retaining arm in
mechanism to function. The coils of place. This takes from about 2 minutes (at 95°
the clockwork spring expand and push F.) to 40 minutes (at 31° F.). The antilifting
against the head of the safety pin, dis­ device is now armed. The striker-retaining arm
engaging it from the striker. The is now held in position only by the projection
clockwork spring runs from 1 to 11/2 on the undei’ side of the striker-release disk.
minutes with a loud buzzing sound When the weight is lifted from this antilifting
until it withdraws the safetypin. device (fig. 138), the striker-release disk rides
When the buzzing stops, the antilift­ upward under the force of the compressed re­
ing device is armed. lease spring until the top of the striker-retain­
e. Neutralizing. Once armed, this antilifting ing arm is no longer held in place by the pro­
device cannot be neutralized. Destroy it in jection on the undei- side of the striker-release
place. See also paragraph 1095. disk. The spring-loaded striker then forces the
f. Packing. Five of these pressure-release bottom of the striker-retaining arm to tilt out­
antilifting devices are packed in a rectangular, ward and is released against the percussion cap,
wooden box together with two special winding firing the antilifting device.
keys and five 58-inch arming cords (fig. 136). A d. Installing and Arming.
descriptive label is pasted on the lid of the box.
(1) Before laying the antilifting device,
loosen the arming cord from the lid to
111. Pressure-Release Antilifting Device
■■■■■/ which it is fastened.
SF 3 (Entlastungziinder Sofort-
(2) Then lay the antilifting device on a
ziinder Metallfrei; E.Z. SF 3) firm base in a deepened mine hole with
a. Description. The pressure-release antilift­ the safety-and-arming bar pointing to
ing device SF 3 (fig. 137) consists of cylindrical, the right, when facing the opposing
AGO 2754A
161
 Figure 136. Packing of the pressure-release antilifting device SM 2.

force, and with the arming cord lying the activated mine in place. See also paragraph
out to the rear. 1096.
(3) Carefully press earth around the anti­ /. Packing. Five of these pressure-release
lifting device, by hand, keeping the top antilifting devices are packed in a rectangular
of the antilifting device clear and the wooden box.
safety-and-arming bai' free to move.
(4) Place the mine to be activated centrally 112. Nipolite Pressure-Release Antilift­
on the top of the antilifting device. ing Device
(5) Fill in the hole. a. Description. The Nipolite pressure-release
(6) Pull lightly on the arming cord, rotat­ antilifting device (fig. 139) consists of a main
ing the safety-and-arming bar 90°. charge of two rectangulai’ blocks of molded
This causes the arming spindle to Nipolite explosive, held together by two brass
crush the glass vial of chemical, which bolts. This antilifting device is 3% inches long,
arms the antilifting device by dissolv­ 2 inches wide, and 11/g inches high. Recesses in
ing the safety pellet. the inner surfaces of the blocks contain a
e. Neutralizing. Once armed, this antilifting spring-loaded striker, a striker-release lever, a
device cannot be neutralized. Destroy it and percussion-cap-and-detonator assembly, and two
AGO 2754A
162
 SAFETY-AND-ARMING BAR

RUBBER
WATERPROOFING
CAP
BAKELITE
CASE
STRIKER-RELEASE
DISK

RELEASE
SPRING

ARMING SPINDLE

BAKELITE
LID

BUILT-IN
FUSE CASE

STRIKER
SPRING

STRIKER-RETAINING
STRIKER
SHAFT

PELLET -----

Figure 137. Pressure-release antilifting device SF 3.

RETAINING ARM IN RETAINING ARM IN

ARMED POSITION fIREO POSITION

Figure 138. Action of the pressure-release antilifting device SF 3 when weight is lifted.
AGO 2754A
163
safety pins. The percussion-cap-and-detonator wooden block is located at the end opposite the
assembly fits into a hole at one end of a threaded main charge and has a hole drilled part of the
Nipolite plug which screws into the threaded way through the center of its upper side. A
hole at one end of the antilifting device. The strong actuating spring fits in this hole and
Nipolite plug acts as a booster charge. The projects above the top edge of the wooden case.
total weight of the antilifting device is 9.5 The hinged lid has a small arming hole located
ounces. directly above the striker-retaining pin of the
b. Employment. This pressure-release anti­ pull fuze 42, and a spring recess directly over
lifting device is employed as an activating de­ the actuating spring. The hinged lid is held
vice for antitank mines as well as a main charge shut with an improvised latch, compressing the
for booby traps. actuating spring. An actuating wire attached
c. Functioning. A to the striker-retaining pin of the pull fuze 42
is threaded through the arming hole in the lid
(1) Lifting the weight from the striker­
and tied to a nail lying across the arming hole.
release lever allows the spring-loaded
striker to pivot the lever arm until the b. Employment. This antilifting device is
striker is released. used to activate mines and may also be used as
a booby trap.
(2) The released striker fires the percus­
sion-cap-and-detonator assembly, c. Functioning. When the weight is lifted
which explodes the plug and the main from the wooden case, the compressed actuating
charge. spring forces the hinged lid up. At the same
d. Installing and Arming. time the actuating wire pulls the striker-retain­
ing pin out of the striker shaft, releasing the
(1) Insert a percussion-cap-and-detonator spring-loaded striker against the percussion
assembly, detonator end first, into the cap and firing the antilifting device.
end of a threaded Nipolite plug and
screw the plug into the threaded hole d. Installing and Arming.
in the antilifting device. (1) Screw a pull fuze 42, with detonator,
(2) Place the antilifting device under the into the main charge.
object to be booby trapped and pull out (2) Tie an actuating wire to the striker­
the safety pins. Always pull out the retaining pin of the pull fuze 42 and
upper safety pin before the lower thread it through the arming hole.
safety pin. (3) Close the hinged lid and fasten it with
e. Neutralizing. the improvised latch.
(1) Insert a strong wire or nail through (4) Tie the actuating wire to a nail lying
the lower safety-pin hole. across the arming hole. Be careful not
(2) Unscrew the Nipolite plug and remove to pull on the actuating wire so as to
the percussion-cap-and-detonator as­ pull out the striker-retaining pin.
sembly from it. (5) Place the antilifting device in a hole
Note. If the antilifting device cannot be
and place a mine or charge on top of it.
neutralized without disturbing its position, Caution: Be certain the mine or
or if the lower safety-pin hole is not acces­ charge is heavy enough to hold the
sible, it should be destroyed in place. See also hinged lid down against the force of
paragraph 1096. the compressed actuating spring.
(6) Carefully disengage the improvised
113. Wooden Antilifting Device (Entlas- latch on the hinged lid.
tungsmine) e. Neutralizing. See also paragraph 109&.
a. Description. The wooden antilifting de­ (1) Secure the hinged lid tightly with the
vice (fig. 140) consists of a wooden case, about improvised latch.
6*4 inches long, 4%, inches wide, and 2% inches (2) From a distance of 50 yards, pull the
high. The wooden case contains a 0.5-pound mine from the hole with a rope or
main charge and a pull fuze 42 (par. 42). A wire.

164 AGO 2754A

»:

Figure 139. Nipolite pressure-release antilifting device.

AGO 2754A
165
 ACTUATING
SPRING

WOODEN
BLOCK

HINGED

WOODEN CASE

MAIN CHARGE

MAIN HINGE HINGED ACTUATING IMPROVISED

CHARGE LID WIRE LATCH

STRIKER­
RETAINING PIN

WOODEN
BLOCK

WOODEN CASE— ACTUATING SPRING

Figure 140. Wooden antilifting device.

AGO 2764A
166
 (3) Cut or untie the actuating wire at­ c. Functioning. When the mine is lifted, the
tached to the striker-retaining pin of activating wire pulls the striker-retaining pin
the pull fuze 42. from the pull fuze 42, releasing the spring-
(4) Carefully raise the hinged lid. loaded striker against the percusssion cap and
firing the main charge and the mine.
(5) Unscrew the fuze and remove the det­
onator from it. d. Installing and Arming.
(1) Place the antilifting device and the
114. Improvised Antilifting Device for mine in a hole and cut the wire lash­
ings.
Antitank Mines
(2) Cover the mechanism with dirt, leav­
a. Description. This improvised antilifting ing most of the mine exposed.
device for antitank mines (fig. 141) consists of
e. Neutralizing. See also paragraph 1096.
a wooden frame containing a pull fuze 42 (par.
42) inserted in a 0.5-pound main charge. A (1) Cut the activating wire between the
mine, with a small lug welded to its pressure mine and the pull fuze 42.
plate, is lashed to the wooden frame. One end (2) Check the device for the presence of
of the activating wire is attached to the welded any other trip wires and cut any slack
lug, and the other end to the striker-retaining wires that are found.
pin of the pull fuze 42. (3) Remove the mine.
b. Employment. The improvised antilifting (4) Remove the pull fuze 42 from the
device is used to activate antitank mines. main charge of the activating device.

Figure Hl. Improvised antilifting device for antitank mines.

AGO 2754A
167
115. Common Booby Traps b. Whistle Booby Trap. The whistle booby
The Germans used many ingenious devices as trap (fig. 143) consists of a whistle containing
booby traps. Canteens, whistles, and candy a charge coated with a compound which is easily
bars are among the more commonly booby ignited by heat from friction. The ball in the
trapped devices. whistle is coated with a rough material. Blow­
a. Canteen Booby Trap. The canteen booby ing the whistle vibrates the ball, and the fric­
trap (fig. 142) consists of a standard German tion between the ball and the compound ignites
or United States canteen, containing a charge the compound firing the charge.
of explosive. A pull fuze is connected to the
cap of the canteen by a wire. The bottom of the c. Candy-Bar Booby Trap. The candy-bar
canteen is partly cut away to place the charge booby trap (fig. 144) consists of an imitation
and the fuze and is then taped or puttied in candy bar coated with chocolate. When a piece
place. At little water is poured into the top of
is broken from either end of the bar, pull is
the canteen to make it seem to be full of water,
and the canteen is placed in its canvas case. exerted on a thin canvas strip connected to a
This booby trap has an effective casualty radius fuze. After a delay of 7 seconds, the charge
of 3 to 4 yards. explodes.

PULL WIRE

35

MAIN CHARGE

Figure 142. Canteen booby trap.

AGO 2754A
168
 Figure US. Whistle booby trap. Figure 144. Candy-bar booby trap.

AGO 2754A
169
 CHAPTER 8
MISCELLANEOUS MINES

Section I. RAILWAY MINES AND DRIFTING CONTACT MINES

116. Electric Railway Mine to the separate antilifting circuit. The

energy for firing the electric detona­
a. Description. tors is supplied by a 4^-volt battery
(1) Mine. The electric railway mine (fig. which is housed in a small wooden
145) consists of a wooden case, 9 box inside the mine. The clockwork
inches square and 4(4, inches high, delay mechanism, with the main deto­
containing a main charge of 8.5 pounds nator, is inserted through an access
of explosive. The lid is secured with hole in the side of the wooden case.
screws. A rubber ring is fastened to This access hole is covered by an in­
the fuze well in the lid. The brass terior wooden sliding plate. A fuze
pressure cap of an electric railway well is located in another side of the
mine fuze (fig. 146) protrudes through wooden case and other fuze wells may
the rubber ring -and an antilifting be present in the bottom of the case.
plunger protrudes about 1 inch above Two small holes for testing the circuit
the brass pressure cap. An access hole of the mine, after it has been laid,
at one corner of the lid receives the are located in one side of the wooden
electric detonator, which is connected case.

ANTILIFTING PLUNGER
BRASS PRESSURE
CAP
ACCESS HOLE FOR
ELECTRIC DETONATOR RUBBER RING

WOODEN
FUZE WELL

TEST SOGKETS
ACCESS HOLE FOR
DELAY MECHANISM
9 IN. x 9 IN. x 4'/2 IN.

Figure 145. Electric railway mine.

AGO 2764A
170
 ANTILIFTING PLUNGER WITH
INSULATED SHANK

BRASS PRESSURE CAP

SAFETY-PIN HOLE

BRASS CAP

CYLINDER

METAL METAL
HALF CYLINDER HALF CYLINDER

CELLULOID INSULATION
BAKELITE PLATE

Figure 146. Electric railway mine fuze.

(2) Fuze. When laid, the brass pressure two of the screws that fasten the fuze
cap of the electric railway mine fuze case to the bakelite plate. The two
(figs. 146 and 147) bears on the under metal half-cylinders are covered by a
side of a railroad tie and the antilifting bakelite cylinder with a brass cap. As
plunger in the depressed position. The shown in figure 147, the metal half­
fuze case rests on a bakelite plate, cylinder wired to the main detonator
which is fastened by screws to the top and the clockwork delay mechanism
of the battery box. This fuze case houses, and is in electrical contact
consists of two metal half-cylinders with, a spring-loaded plunger. The
separated by celluloid insulation. One other metal half-cylinder houses a
of these metal half-cylinders is wired brass tube which is in direct electrical
to one terminal of the battery by way £ ' contact with it. Fixed on the brass
of the main detonator and the clock­ tube is a square-section brass rod
work delay mechanism, while the other which projects into a vertical slot in
metal half-cylinder is wired to the the bottom part of the metal half-cyl­
other terminal of the battery. These inder and prevents rotation of the
wired connections are made through brass tube. The brass tube is exter-
AGO 2754A 171
 e. Neutralizing. the mine is 1 foot 3 inches and it has a height
(1) Search for and neutralize any fuzes of 1 foot 5 inches. When the mine is armed,
in the sides of the mine. the height from the bottom of the mine to the
(2) Expose the mine without moving it. top of the telescopic contact rod is 6 feet 7i/2
Remove the special electric detonator, inches.
prying it out of its recess with a screw b. Employment. This mine is designed to
driver if necessary. damage pontons, ponton-bridge superstructure,
(3) Slide out the cover plate covering the bridge piers, and low-level bridges. It is
clockwork delay mechanism. With­ launched upstream of the objective and allowed
draw the clockwork delay mechanism to drift until fired by contact with the objec­
and main detonator together. To do tive. It may also be used as an antitank mine.
this the wires should be cut one at a c. Functioning.
time.
Caution: Do not move the mine (1) When the mine is floated, water dis­
until the detonators have been with­ solves the soluble plug at the base of
drawn; do not insert a metallic pin the telescopic contact-rod case, free­
in the safety-pin hole; do not allow ing the telescopic contact rod, which
the antilifting plunger to rise while is spring-loaded.
the detonators are still in the mine; do (2) As the mine sinks below the surface of
not exert pressure on the brass pres­ the water, the wooden stabilizing float,
sure cap. attached to the telescopic contact-rod
case, causes the telescopic contact rod
117. Spherical Drifting Mine 41 (Kugel- to extend td’-its full 5-foot length. The
wooden stabilizing float also keeps the
treibmine 41; K.Tr.Mi.41)
mine upright.
a. Description. The spherical drifting mine (3) When an object deflects it, the tele­
41 (fig. 148) is an oval spheroid consisting of scopic contact rod touches the brass
steel halves joined together' by a horizontal weld contact ring and completes the firing
and a strip on the inside of the body. A steel circuit, detonating the mine.
collar, which acts as a stand, is tack-welded Note. A small clockwork delay mechanism
onto the bottom of the mine. The collar has in the fuze case can be regulated so the mine
four horizontal slots in the top so water can will detonate after any set time up to 6 days,
pass freely around the mine, thus preventing even if the rod is not deflected. If the rod is
deflected before the set time, the clockwork
an air-lock when the mine is placed in water. delay mechanism will be short-circuited, and
A 5-foot, telescopic contact rod with antennae at the mine will fire.
the top is mounted in a central tube. Surround­
ing the telescopic contact rod is a wooden stabil­ d. Installing and Arming. Place the mine in
izing float which fits into a recess on the top of the water and remove the safety pin. When
the mine in the unarmed position. Internally, the soluble plug dissolves, the mine arms itself
the mine consists of a buoyancy chamber, a as described in c(2) above.
main charge cavity, and four buoyancy-adjust­ e. Neutralizing. There is no way to neutral­
ment compartments closed by aluminum plugs. ize this mine. It is best to explode it either by
The buoyancy-adjustment compartments con­ small arms fire or by a rocket launcher directed
tain steel pellets used to adjust the depth at at the antennae. Another method is to stretch
which the mine is to float. An ignition tube, a rope or wire across the stream downstream
containing a clockwork delay mechanism, deto­ from the mine so that the mine will drift into
nator, booster charge, and battery, is connected it. If a bridge or other vital installation is
by insulated wire leads to the central contact threatened by a mine which is lodged against
rod tube, at the brass contact ring. The main it but still afloat, a line may be attached to one
charge cavity contains a main charge of 25.5 of the carrying handles and the mine towed
pounds of explosive. The total weight of the very gently, from a distance of at least 100
mine is 76 pounds. The horizontal diameter of yards, to a suitable demolition site.

174 AGO 2754A

 UNARMED POSITION OF .
FLOAT AND ANTENNAE >
CONTACT ROD TUBE

RUBBER GASKET

PRESSBOARD DISC
BRASS
CONTACT RING
BAKELITE CAP

BAKELITE RING
BAKELITE HOLDER.

BRASS. BRUSHING
BOUYANCY
SPRING-LOADED CHAMBER
CONTACT PIN
WELDED JOINT
TIME CLOCK
BOUYANCY-ADJ.
BATTERY COMPARTMENT (4: *

IGNITION ALUMINUM PLUG

TUBE
MAIN
STEEL PELLETS' CHARGE

QUICK MATCH SLOTS (4)

DETONATOR FILLING PLUG

BOOSTER CHARGE
SPRING

BUFFER
rubber gasket
LEATHER WASHER
SAFETY PIN
ALUMINUM PLUG.
STEEL COLLAR SOLUBLE PLUG

Figure 148. Spherical drifting mine 44.

f. Packing. The mines are packed and at the top, is mounted vertically on a
shipped individually. Fuzes are packed in con­ wooden flotation buoy. Six wooden
tainers, separate from the mines. feelers, each 13 inches long, extend
from the wooden flotation buoy. The
118. Improvised River Mine (Behelfs- wooden flotation buoy is secured to a
Flusstreibmine) metal firing rod which extends from
the centrally located contact firing
a. Description. The improvised river mine mechanism and protrudes about 6
(fig. 149) consists of a circular sheet-zinc case inches above it. The contact firing
containing 44 pounds of explosive. The sheet- mechanism is mounted on a plate
zinc case is 15 inches in diameter and 5 inches which screws into a well in the top
high, but when surrounded by its wooden jacket of the sheet-zinc case. The joint be­
it is 17% inches in diameter and 6% inches tween the metal firing rod and the
high. Two carrying handles are attached to contact firing mechanism is made
the wooden jacket. Near the bottom of the watertight by a rubber washer.
sheet-zinc case are two small, metal detonator (2) Fuze mechanism. A clockwork delay
tubes, diagonally opposite each other and closed mechanism is mounted on the same
by screws or leather plugs. Detonators are in­ plate as the firing mechanism and per­
serted to permit activation when the mine is forms two functions. It arms the con­
to be used as a land mine. tact firing mechanism after 10 min­
(1) Firing mechanism. A wooden contact utes, and it may explode the mine after
rod about 4% feet long, with antennae a preset delay of from 10 minutes to
AGO 2754A 175
 6 hours, in case the mine has not been setting dial with graduation marks,
detonated by contact by that time. each equal to 6 minutes, may be seen
The clockwork delay mechanism is through a celluloid window. The delay
wound by turning a winding ring on arming mechanism is set (up to 10
the plate in the direction of the arrow minutes) by turning a second spring
marked aufziehen (to wind). The self­ handle in the direction of the arrow
destruction delay period is set by turn­ marked Scharf in Min (arming time in
ing a spring handle on the plate in the minutes).
direction of the arrow marked Ziin- (3) Arming lever. A curved arming lever,
dung in Std (firing time in hours). A mounted on the plate, serves to release
AGO 2754A
176
 the clockwork delay mechanism. In The mine should be destroyed either by small
the safe position, the end of the lever arms fire or by a rocket launcher aimed at the
enters a groove marked sicker (safe). wooden flotation buoy. Another method is to
In the armed position, the end of the stretch a rope or wire across the stream down­
lever enters a groove marked scharf stream from the mine so that the mine will
(armed), in which case the clockwork drift into it. If a bridge or other vital installa­
will be running. tion is threatened by a mine which is lodged
b. Employment. This mine is designed pri­ against it but still afloat, a line may be attached
marily for use against bridges, rafts, shipping, to one of the carrying handles and the mine
and similar targets. towed very gently, from a distance of at least
c. Functioning. Any sideward movement 100 yards, to a suitable demolition site. Since
against the antennae or wooden feelers is com­ the attachment of the line to the carrying handle
municated to the metal firing rod. The base of will be an exceedingly dangerous operation be­
the firing rod pushes against the bushing of a cause of the presence of the wooden feelers,
spring-loaded striker. This allows a metal this method should be adopted only in extreme
tongue to retract, releasing the striker against cases.
the percussion cap. Caution: The mine may also detonate accord­
d. Neutralizing. This mine cannot be neu­ ing to the setting on the 6-hour clockwork delay
tralized because of the very delicate- mecha­ mechanism. Once started, the clockwork delay
nisms. Extreme care should be taken to avoid mechanism cannot be stopped by turning the
touching the antennae or the wooden feelers. curved arming lever back to sicker (safe).

Section II. TRAINING MINES

119. General and for the concrete stake mine, the earliest
standard German mines. Later standard Ger­
The German Army had a practice or training man mines did not have any practice or train­
mine for the Tellermine 35, for the S-mine 35, ing models.
ACTIVATING
FUZE WELL

BOTTOM VIEW TOP VIEW

Figure 150. Training Tellermine 35.

AGO 2754A 177
120. Training Tellermine 35 (Ubungs 122. Training Stake Mine (Ubungs
Tellermine 35) Stockmine)
The training Tellermine 35 (fig. 150) is sim­ The training stake mine (fig. 152) is identical
ilar in appearance to the Tellermine 35 (par. to the concrete stake mine (par. 87) except that
62), except that it has a red band and the letters the bore-hole charge and the detonater are re­
Ubs. T.Mi. 35 painted on the top. This mine placed by a wooden-cased smoke charge. The fuze
is of heavier construction than its standard is the same as that used in the standard model.
counterpart, the empty case weighing 19 STRIKER-RETAINING PIN
pounds. High explosive is not used; the usual
filling is a smoke powder.
TRIP WIRE

121. Training S-Mine 35 (UbungsS-Mine

35) STRIKER SPRING

The training S-mine 35 (fig. 151) is similar

STRIKER
in appearance to the standard S-mine 35 (par.
85). The filling is of inert material such as PERCUSSION
sand or chalk. A wooden-cased smoke charge CAP
is placed in the mine to act as a main charge.
This mine is marked with a red band; the
letters Ubs. S.Mi. 35 are painted on the side.

CONCRETE CASE

p- SMOKE „CHARGE
— _.

STAKE

Figure 151. Training S-mine 35. Figure 152. Training stake mine.

AGO 2754A
178
 CHAPTER 9
MINE DETECTING EQUIPMENT

Section I. MINE PROBES

123. Metal Mine Probe (Sucheisen)

The metal mine probe (fig. 153) is about 1
foot long with one end bent into a circular Overall length l'to 1-4"
handle and the other end tapered to a fine point. Figure 153. Metal mine'probe.

5
0'

u - • &• • *

VIBRATING EXTENSION VIBRATING TUBE VIBRATING TUBE AND EXTENSION

TUBE PIECE a EXTENSION PIECE PIECE FITTED FOR OPERATING
FITTED FOR USE
CARRYING
Figure 154. Mine probing rod 39.
ago 275-ia 179
124. Mine Probing Rod 39 (Minensuch- the fingers and thumb and inserted vertically
stob 39; M.S. 39) into the ground. If resistance is encountered,
the point should be lifted approximately 4
a. Description. The mine probing rod 39 inches above the ground and dropped again at
(fig. 154) consists of an extension piece and a the point where the resistance was encountered.
vibrating tube containing a hardened steel A skilled operator can tell the nature of the
point. The extension piece is joined to the vi­ object contacted by the action of the rod and
brating tube by means of a bayonet fitting, by the sound emitted by the vibrating tube.
when the probing rod is to be used from the The point will stick in wood and the vibrating
standing position. The total weight of the as­ tube will emit a dull note which will be barely
sembled probing rod is about 1 pound. In ship­ audible. Metal will cause the rod to rebound
ping and for carrying, the point is inserted in and give out a high note. Rock causes the rod
the extension piece. •> to rebound sharply and to produce a high, al­
b. Operation. The rod is held lightly between most shrill note.

Section II. ELECTRONIC MINE DETECTORS (ELEKTRONISCHES

MINENSUCHGERAET)

125. General coils in the search head sets up a mag­

netic field. If a metallic object is pres­
a. Types. In World War II the German Army ent in the. soil within this magnetic
used eight different models of metallic mine field, the metal changes the character
detectors. One of these the Stuttgart 43 (par. of the path of the field, producing an
133), was developed to detect a radioactive sub­ audible response in the headset.
stance called Tarnsand laid with nonmetalic
b. Models. The large number of models of
mines. Except for the Stuttgart 43, which uses
German mine detectors reveals a lack of stand­
Geiger-Muller tubes, the German mine detec­ ardization caused by the fact that several inde­
tors represent only two principles of operation pendent agencies developed detectors for the
—the heterodyne and the induction bridge. German Army. The following paragraphs de­
(1) Heterodyne. The heterodyne type em­ scribe the more frequently encountered models
ploys two high-frequency (HF) oscil­ in detail while the models produced in limited
lators which produce an audible beat quantities are only briefly described.
note. One oscillator has a tuning con-
densor for varying its frequency and 126. Frankfurt 42 Mine Detector
has as its inductance a search coil in
the search head. The other oscillator a. General. The Frankfurt 42 mine detector
has a fixed oscillation. The variable was the standard German Army metallic-mine
oscillator is synchronized with the detector and was designed to detect mines of
fixed oscillator to give a beat note. low metal content. It was superseded late in
Proximity of the search coil to metal World War II by a modified version of the Wien
41 (par. 127) because of the development of the
changes the inductance, producing
frequency-induction fuze.
changes in frequency of the audible
beat note. b. Description. The Frankfurt 42 mine de-
tectoi- (fig. 155) is an induction bridge type.
(2) Induction bridge. The induction bridge The search head is cylindrical in shape, with a
type employs a single low-frequency flat area along the top and bottom. It is made
(LF) oscillator, the output being fed of molded plastic in two trough-shaped halves
through an induction bridge to an joined and held together by screws. The exten­
amplifier. An alternating current sion handle consists of four extension pieces
passed through the detector search made of aluminum tubing. The lowest piece is
AGO 2754A
180
permanently attached by a bolt to the search socket on the right-hand end of the pack case.
head at the hinge bracket. This piece will col­ Two standard headsets are included in the de­
lapse against the search head to facilitate pack­ tector set. The entire detector set is stored in
ing. A canvas case is provided to store the ex­ a wooden shipping case when not in use. The
tension pieces and search head when the de­ interior of the shipping case is divided by
tector is dismantled (fig. 156). The detector wooden partitions into compartments for the
unit and power supply are housed in a black pack case, the search head and extension pieces
plastic pack case. The pack case is the stand­ in their canvas case, the pack harness, a spare
ard German pack case used with most of the battery, and spare electron tubes. The shipping
mine detector sets. The case measures 14 inches case is provided with a folding metal handle
by 13 inches by 4% inches. It is provided with to allow it to be carried suitcase fashion. The
a canvas carrying strap, and metal hooks for total weight of the detector set and shipping
attachment of the pack harness. Access to the case is 54 pounds.
interior is provided by removing the end covers c. Functioning. The Frankfurt 42 detector
which are held in place by toggle clamps. The functions on the induction bridge principle. A
cover of the left-hand end bears the operator’s push-pull oscillator has as its inductance an
printed instructions on its inner side. Remov­ iron-core coil in the search head. Another iron
ing this cover exposes the control panel for the core in the search head is connected to the input
detector set. At the bottom of the panel is the of a two-stage audio amplifier. The output of
off-on switch. Above the switch is the name­ this amplifier is fed to the headset. Normally,
plate, then the voltage tester and two 2-termi- the voltage induced in the coils is very small.
nal sockets for headsets and one 3-terminal On approaching a metallic object, the condition
socket for a microphone. The voltage tester in the coils is upset and allows a stronger signal
consists of a double window and a test button. to emerge from the amplifier.
When the detector set is switched on, and the
d. Operation.
test button depressed, both parts of the window
should glow. If the voltage is low, only the (1) Assembling.
lower part of the window will glow. A control (a) Open the shipping case (fig. 157),
box for sensitivity adjustment is also clipped keeping it nearly vertical, and re­
into a socket on the control panel. The control­ move the pack case. Keep the pack
box cable plugs into this socket when the con­ case standing upright. The battery
trol box is detached and carried on the opera­ tends to lose its electrolyte if it is
tor’s belt. The search-head cable plugs into a not kept upright.

EXTENSION
HANDLE

SEARCH HEAD

HEADSET
Figure 155. Frankfurt 42 mine detector.

AGO 2754A
181
182
Figure 156. Components of the Frankfurt 42 mine detector.

AGO 2754A
 (&) Lay the shipping case down and head. A noticeable increase in the
remove the extension pieces and signal level should be heard.
search head from their canvas case. (/) Commence sweeping, holding the
(c) Thread the search-head cable search head 3 inches from the
through the extension pieces, start­ ground.
ing with the sleeve end, and thread­
ing through the section with rim
last.
(d) Assemble the extension pieces and
adj ust the search head so it is hori­
zontal in the sweeping position.
(e) Plug the search-head cable into the
socket inside the pack case on the
side opposite the control panel and
close the hinged cover.
(f) Plug the headset into either socket
labeled Fernlidrer.
(g) Remove the control box from the
control panel and attach the male
end of the control cable to its socket
on the control panel.
(h) Plug the female end of the control
cable into the control box.
(i) Attach the pack harness to the
hooks on the pack case and place
the pack case on your back.
(?) Put on the headset.
(2) Operating.
(a) Turn the off-on switch clockwise.
(b) Turn the control knob on the con­
trol box until the yellow dot appears.
A loud signal should be heard. The Figure 157. Shipping case for the Frankfurt 42 mine
yellow dot indicates high sensitiv­ detector.
ity ; the blue dot indicates low sensi­
tivity; and the red dot intermediate
e. Sensitivity. The Frankfurt 42 detector,
sensitivity.
when properly adjusted, is one of the most sen­
(c) Hold the search head well clear of sitive of German mine detectors. It is very
metal and the ground.
sensitive to small iron objects.
(d) Remove the adjusting tool from the
lowest extension piece and rotate 127. Wien 41 Mine Detector
the recessed heads on the sides of
the search head, first one, then the a. General. The Wien 41 mine detector ap­
other, until the signal is reduced to peared in 1941. It was superseded in 1942 or
a barely perceptible level. Sensi­ 1943 by the Frankfurt 42 detector, the latter
tivity can also be reduced by turning becoming standard for the German Army. In
the control knob. 1943 the Wien 41 was modified and, because of
(e) Test the sensitivity by bringing the the development of the frequency-induction
wooden end of the test stick in con­ fuze, replaced the Frankfurt 42 detector as the
tact with the bottom of the search standard mine detector.
AGO 2754A
183
 b. Description. The Wien 41 mine detector use. The total weight of the detector set and
(fig. 158) is an induction bridge type. The shipping case is 58 pounds.
search head is cast in two cylindrical, plastic c. Functioning. The Wien 41 mine detector
sections. The shorter of the two sections is blue­ functions on the induction bridge principle.
gray in color and has a hinge bracket for hing­ The inductance of the oscillator circuit is a hori­
ing the extension handle to the search head. zontal coil in the search head. At right angles
The longer section may be of blue-gray plastic to this coil another coil is mounted in the search
or a mottled green and yellow plastic. The head and is connected to the amplifier. The
head of this section is rounded and contains a output of the amplifier is fed to a rectifier and
terminal opening for a fine adjusting screw. to a variable resistor. The rectified output from
The short section screws into the longer section the amplifier is fed to a trigger' oscillator which
and is cemented in final assembly. The exten­ gives an audible signal in the headset. On ap­
sion handle is of sectional construction and is proaching a metallic object, the balanced con­
made of aluminum tubing. The extension piece dition in the coils in the search head is upset,
next to the search head is permanently attached producing an audible change in signal.
to the search head at the hinge joint. To facili­ d. Operation.
tate packing, this lowest extension piece will
(1) Assembling.
collapse against the search head. When the de­
tector is dismantled, the extension pieces and (a) Open the shipping case, keeping it
search head are stored in a canvas case. The nearly vertical, and remove the pack
detector unit and the power supply are housed case. Keep the pack case standing
in a standard plastic pack case, the same type upright. The battery tends to lose
as that used with the Frankfurt 42 mine detec­ its electrolyte if it is not kept up­
tor (par. 126). The off-on switch, voltage tester, right.
and headset sockets are the same as in the (&) Lay the shipping case down and re­
Frankfurt 42 detector. The control box is dif­ move the extension pieces and
ferent in that the knob will rotate continuously search head from their canvas case.
instead of in three positions as in the Frankfurt (c) Thread the search-head cable
42 detector. The search-head cable plugs into a through the extension pieces and
socket on the right-hand end of the pack case. assemble the extension handle.
Two standard headsets are included in the de­ (d) Attach the pack harness to the pack
tector set. The entire detector set is stored in case and sling it on your back mak­
a wooden shipping case (par. 126) when not in ing final adjustments for comfort.

Figure 158. Wien 41 mine detector.

AGO 2754A.
184
 (e) Plug the headset in the socket metal objects and less sensitive to
marked Fernhdrer. large metal objects.
(/) Remove the control box from the e. Sensitivity. The Wien 41 detector is diffi­
control panel and hook it on your cult to adjust for maximum sensitivity, and also
belt. difficult to keep in adjustment. When set for
(р) Remove the fiber tool from the con­ maximum sensitivity, there is a high-pitched
trol panel and replace the panel note in the headset. With small-objects sensi­
cover. tivity, the detector will be silent until the ob­
(7i) Lift the small metal flap on the ject is very close.
right side of the pack case, and in­
sert the plug of the search head 128. Neptun Mine Detector
cable into the exposed socket. The Neptun mine detector (fig. 159) is a
(2) Operating. heterodyne type. It was one of the earliest de­
tectors of this type to be developed by the Ger­
(a) Turn the off-on switch on the con­ mans. The set is characterized by a 6-foot 10-
trol panel to the on (EIN) position. inch aluminum extension handle with a pivoted,
(&) Hold, the search head away from the circular, ring-shaped search head. The oscil­
ground and any metallic objects. lator circuits are housed in an aluminum case
(с) Set the knob on the control box so attached to the extension handle. During opera­
the red dot shows. tion, the detector is carried by a web strap worn
(d) With the fiber tool, turn the adjust­ over the shoulder. As is characteristic of most
ing screw at the toe of the search heterodyne detectors, this detector has good
head until a minimum or null signal sensitivity to large metallic objects and poor
is obtained. sensitivity to small metallic objects.
(e) Turn the knob on the control box 129. Aachen 40 Mine Detector (Type B
clockwise until a maximum signal
VRG1940)
is obtained.
(/) Readjust the adjusting screw on the The Aachen 40 mine detector is a heterodyne
search head until a minimum or null type very similar to the Neptun mine detector
signal is obtained. (par. 128). Because of the similarity, the
Aachen 40 is believed to be an improved model
(p) Continue steps (e) and (/) above
of the Neptun. The extension handle is in three
until it is no longer possible to ob­
pieces, making this detector more easily carried
tain a minimum or null signal.
than is the Neptun. The uppermost extension
(/t) Turn the knob on the control box piece has a housing for a tuning condenser. Like
slightly counterclockwise and adjust the Neptun mine detector, the search head is
the adjusting screw until a mini­ in the form of a circular ring with a square
mum or null signal is obtained. cross-section. The detector unit and the battery
(i) Continue step (h) above until it is are contained in an aluminum case. The Aachen
no longer possible to obtain a mini­ 40 mine detector is superior in sensitivity to
mum or null signal. the Neptun and it also has a louder, more stable
(;) Advance the knob on the control signal.
box until a maximum signal is ob­
tained. 130. Berlin 40 Mine Detector, (Type B)
(k) The detector set is now adjusted for The Berlin 40 mine detector, type B (fig. 160)
normal setting. If the knob on the is a heterodyne type. It is characterized by a
control box is turned counterclock­ rectangular search head attached to a four-
wise, a small-objects setting can be piece extension handle. The detector unit is
obtained. In this condition, the de­ housed in a plastic pack case. During operation,
tector is more sensitive to small the pack case may be worn over the shoulder
AGO 2754A 185
 ALUMINUM
CASE

HEADSET

SEARCH HEAD

Figure 159. Neptun mine detector.

or attached directly to the extension handle. to the search head at the base of this cylinder.
The Berlin 40, type B is superior in design and The control box is unusual in that it is situated
sensitivity to the Neptun and the Aachen mine on the search-head cable between the extension
detectors (pars. 128 and 129). handle and the pack case. The detector unit is
housed in a sheet-metal pack case which is
131. Tempelhof 41 Mine Detector smaller than the standard German pack case
The Tempelhof 41 mine detector (fig. 161) (par. 126). As is the case with most of the
is a heterodyne type. It has a spade-shaped heterodyne German detectors, the Tempelhof
plastic search head. At the rear of the search 41 has good sensitivity for large metallic ob­
head an oscillatoi’ is housed in a cylindrical con­ jects but poor sensitivity for small metallic
tainer. A four-piece extension handle is hinged objects.

Figure 160. Berlin 1,0 mine detector, type B.

AGO 2754A
186
 Figure 161. Tempelhof 41 mine detector.

132. Lowedel-Gerat Mine Detector tions removed to decrease the weight. A tri­
angular bracket at the rear of each search head
The Lowedel-Gerat mine detector (fig. 162)
provides for attachment of the extension handle.
is a modification of the induction bridge type.
It operates on the principle of self-inductance Instead of a hinge joint at this bracket, two
rather than mutual inductance. The search holes are provided to give a choice of angles
head is a flat plate, elongate-oval in shape. A for the extension handle. The extension handle
special search head is also issued with the set. is in three pieces. In addition to the headset,
It is circular and ring-shaped with inner por­ a visual balance indicator housed on the middle

CONTROL
BOX

PACK CASE

VISUAL BALANCE
INDICATOR

SEARCH HEAD

HEADSET

SPECIAL SEARCH
HEAD

Figure 162. Lowedel-Gerat mine detector.

AGO 2754A 187

extension piece also indicates the presence of minum. When dismantled, the lowest piece of
metal. The control box is located at the upper the extension handle folds against the search
end of the extension handle. At the upper end head to facilitate packing. The extension pieces
of the control box there is a rubber-covered and search head are stored in a canvas case
handle, projecting up at right angles to the when dismantled. The amplifying circuits and
extension handle. The detector unit is housed power supply are housed in the standard plastic
in a metal pack case, which is carried on the pack case, the same type as that used with the
back of the operator in a canvas carrying sack Frankfurt 42 detector (par. 126). The control
when the detector is in operation. The Lowedel- panel is on the operator’s left when the pack case
Gerat mine detector has only average sensitiv­ is in position. The control panel is the same as
ity and is difficult to adjust. the control panel of the Frankfurt 42 detector
except for two alterations—in the block for the
133. Stuttgart 43 Mine Detector headset sockets, the two upper sockets have
been removed and a knob, labeled Temperatur-
a. General. The Stuttgart 43 mine detector regler (temperature regulator), for the high
is not a detector of mines, as such, but only a tension (HT) voltage control to the Geiger-
locator of a radioactive material. It was fre­ Miiller tubes appears there; also, the search­
quently used to locate the nonmetallic Topf- head cable socket appears on the upper part of
mines (par. 75) that had been laid with Tarn- the panel. Two standard headsets are included
sand, a radioactive substance. in the detector set. A package of Tarnsand is
b. Description. The Stuttgart 43 mine detec­ included in the detector set for use in adjust­
tor (fig. 163) is an adaptation of the Geiger- ment of the detector. The entire detector set is
Miiller counter used to locate radioactive mate­ stored in a wooden shipping case (par. 126)
rial. Four Geiger-Muller tubes, in parallel, are when not in use. The total weight of the de­
housed in an aluminum cylindrical search head. tector set and shipping case is 54 pounds.
The toe of the search head is closed by a c. Functioning. When a radiation particle
threaded plastic cap. The hinged end is closed penetrates one of the Geiger-Muller tubes, there
by a plastic molding which forms part of a is a small impulse of electric current. This
hinge joint. The extension handle is in four impulse is amplified by the circuits in the pack
tubular pieces with the lowest piece perma­ case and is heard as a click in the headset. When
nently attached to the search head at the hinge many radiation particles penetrate the Geiger-
joint. This lowest extension piece is made of Muller tubes the clicks are so frequent that a
plastic with the remaining pieces made of alu­ continuous buzz or signal is heard.

SEARCH HEAD
CABLE

PACK CASE

CONTROL
KNOB

HEADSET

Figure 163. Stuttgart 48 mine detector.

AGO 2754A
188
 d. Operation. (e) Hold the search head horizontally
(1) Assembling. over the Tarnsand at a distance of
(a) Open the shipping case, keeping it 28 centimeters (11 inches). Use the
nearly vertical, and remove the pack measuring stick to be sure of the
case. Keep the pack case standing distance.
upright. The battery tends to lose (/) Turn the knob Temperaturregler
its electrolyte if it is not kept up­ clockwise until a strong, continuous
right. signal is heard. A slight adjustment
(&) Lay the shipping case down and of the control knob may be neces­
remove the extension pieces and sary to get a stable signal.
search head from the canvas case.
(c) Assemble the search head and ex­ (</) Lift the search head; the signal
tension handle. should stop almost immediately.
(d) Remove the left side cover of the (/i) With the controls so adjusted, turn
pack case and insert the search­ off the detector and remove the
head cable plug into the rubber search-cable plug.
socket at the top of the control (i) Slide out the control box and head­
panel; holding the plug with the set cables beneath the hook on the
mark uppermost. Secure the plug rim of the pack case.
by giving it a quarter-turn. (?) Replace the cover on the control
(e) Plug the headset cable into the panel and open the metal flap over
socket marked Fernhdrer. the cable-plug hole. Push in the
(/) Attach the pack harness to the pack search-head cable plug and secure
case. as before.
(2) Operating. (k) Put the pack case on your back with
(a) Remove the measuring stick and the the pack harness, attach the control
package of Tarnsand from the ship­ box to your belt, and put on the
ping case. headset.
(b) Turn the off-on switch to the on
(() Pick up the extension handle and
(EIN) position and test the voltage
commence sweeping.
with the voltage tester.
(c) Turn the nob labeled Temperatur- e. Sensitivity. Sweeping 8 to 10 inches
regler counterclockwise as far as it above the ground will positively detect a Topf-
will go. mine laid with Tarnsand. As the search head
(d) Set the knob on the control box so approaches a radioactive substance, frequent
that the red dot is in the center of ticks will be heard in the headset. In close prox­
the opening. At this time random imity the ticks will seem as a continuous sig­
noises in the headset should be at nal. Do not be concerned about random ticks
a minimum. as these are caused by cosmic rays.

Section III. ELECTRICAL-ACOUSTIC MINE DETECTING DEVICES

134. General this acoustic equipment was used satisfactorily

During World War II the German Army de­ to detect other activities such as the movements
veloped and employed equipment designed to of vehicles and foot troops.
detect activities by amplifying vibrations in
the ground. In some instances an electrical cir­ 135. Mine-Gallery Detector Set 40 (Stol-
cuit for detonating mines by remote control lenhorchgerat 40)
was used in conjunction with these detection
devices (par. 136). Although originally de­ a. General. The mine-gallery detector set 40
signed to detect tunneling activities, much of is used to detect tunneling activities of an op­
AGO 2754A
189
posing force and to locate them by application 105a detector head is held in this posi­
of surveying methods. Vibrations picked up tion by a tape, and the E 105c by a
by the detector heads can be transmitted a max­ spring-loaded snap fastener which en­
imum of 660 to 1,650 feet to the control post, gages the carrying-handle lug.
where they are identified by trained operators.
(a) E 105a detector head. The E 105a
b. Component parts (table I). detector head (fig. 164) is a projec­
(1) Detector heads. Two types of detector tile-shaped unit, 33 inches long and
heads may be used with the mine-gal­ 4 inches in diameter, designed for
lery detector set 40. They are the E use in bore holes. It has a slightly
105a and the E 105c. Detector heads narrowed sleeve at the rear, and a
are piezoelectric receivers of ground
length of cable permanently con­
vibrations. '■ Since the electrical cur­
nected to it. The piezoelectric ele­
rents generated in the receiver are ex­
tremely small, a preamplifier in the ment is located in the nose end and
detector-head unit amplifies them. The is held in place by retaining rings.
connection between the detector-head Immediately behind the piezoelec­
unit and the amplifier unit EVB 6 is tric element is the vibrator mounted
made by a shielded four-core rubber on the vibrator holders. The pre­
detector-head cable. During shipment, amplifier, with the electron tube, is
the detector head is placed in the hol­ connected to the vibrator and the
low axle of the cable drum. The E endpiece.

Table I. Component Parts of the Mine-Gallery Detector Set 40

Using the E 105a detector head

Equipment Model Quantity Dimensions ° Weight *

(inches) (pounds)

Cable drum E 105a 10 36 by 21 by 21 160

Detector head
660 feet of cable
Drum stand, collapsible 10 26 by 20 by 6 24
Amplifier with 2 headsets EVB 6 1° 24 by 15 by 8% 81
Batteries 12 NC 28 2 11 by 10 by 7% 48

Using the E 105c detector head

Equipment Model Quantity Dimensions a Weight 6

(inches) (pounds)

Cable drum E 105c 10 36 by 21 by 21 138

Detector head
660 feet of cable
Drum stand, collapsible 10 26 by 20 by 6 24
Pointed ends (boxed) 10 15 by 8 by 4 31
Amplifier with 2 headsets EVB 6 r 24 by 15 by 8% 81
Batteries 12 NC 28 2 11 by 10 by 7y2 48

a Total loading space:

Using the E 105a listening head: 114 by 61 by 22 inches
Using the E 105c listening head: 114 by 45 by 26 inches
* Total weight:
Using the E 105a listening head: 2018 pounds
Using the E 105c listening head: 1821 pounds
e Two amplifiers are required when the set is used in bore holes.

190 AGO 2754A

 HOLDERS

RETAINING RINGS
ELECTRON TUBE

DETECTING-HEAD PIEZOELECTRIC
CABLE ELEMENT

VIBRATOR MASS

33 IN. LONG x 4 IN. IN DIAMETER

PIEZOELECTRIC
ELEMENT

" HT I + HT + A
- A © @ ©

WIRING DIAGRAM
FOR PREAMPLIFIER EMBODIED
IN DETECTING HEAD E-105a

Figure 164. E 105a detector head.

AGO 2754A
191
 (b) E 105c detector head. The E 105c by a pressed-steel disk. The main
detector head (fig. 165) has the length of detector-head cable with the
same shape as the E 105a, but does end connector for the detector head
not have a sleeve. The pointed front is wound on the larger space. The
end is removable and can be re­ smaller space has room for approxi­
placed by a flat endpiece. In place mately 50 feet of cable with the plug
of the sleeve, a carrying handle, connecter for the EVB 6 amplifier.
with the contact socket for the de­
tector-head cable beneath it, is fitted
to the rear end. The contact socket
is protected by a screw cap, which
should not be removed until the de­
tector-head cable connection is laid
out and prepared for insertion.

> CARRYING HANDLE

________

CABLE

DETECTING HEAD WITH Figure 166. Cable and drum showing the carrying place
POINTED FRONT END for the detector head.

(3) Cable-drum stand. The cable-drum

stand (fig. 167) facilitates winding
and unwinding of the cable. It is col­
lapsible and is made of tubular steel
with a guide disk and a clutch for
manual operation.
(4) EVB 6 amplifier. The EVB 6 ampli­
fier unit (figs. 168 and 169) is fitted
into a shipping case of plywood rein­
forced by thin sheet metal. It con­
sists of the following parts:
(a) The front plate contains 10 sockets
arranged in a honeycomb pattern on
the left half of the plate. The sockets
are for the connection of detector
heads. The operation and control
connections are fitted on the right.
The selector switch, on the top of
the front plate, provides a connec­
Figure 165. E 105c detector head.
tion with any one of the 10 detector
heads. Underneath the selector
(2) Cables and cable drums (fig. 166). switch is a volume control and, be­
The cable drum has two winding com­ low that, the switch for the low-pass
partments separated from each other filter (200 cycles per second). A
AGO 2754A
192
 plate by its four corners. These
bolts are unscrewed to remove the
amplifier unit from the shipping
case. The spanner is kept in the
side compartment of the shipping
case.
(d) The spare-parts box contains one
vibrator, one stabilizer electron
STAND COLLAPSED tube, one spare bulb for the control
light, and one fuze. Three addi­
tional spare electron tubes are
mounted inside the amplifier unit
itself. The spare-parts box is kept
in the side compartment of the ship­
ping case.
(5) 12 NC 28 battery. One 12 NC 28 bat­
tery is required for the operation of
the 10 detector heads and the amplifier
unit. This battery has an average volt­
age of 12 volts and a capacity of 28
ampere-hours.
c. Functioning. Ground vibrations received
STAND ERECTED
by the detector heads are transformed into elec­
Figure 167. Cable-drum stand. trical impulses and are transmitted to the am­
plifier EVB 6 where they are made audible
voltmeter to the right of the selector through the headsets.
switch indicates the battery voltage
d. Use in the Field.
during operation of the amplifier
unit. The connection between the (1) On the surface of the ground.
amplifier unit and battery is made (a) Two men are required to set up the
by a short length of battery cable control post in the field. When the
leading out of the front plate. The amplifier- case has been opened and
control lamp, beneath the voltmeter, all the connections made, a slight
lights when the amplifier unit is hum, originating from the vibrator,
switched on. The main switch foi’ can be heard in the headset. The
the unit is situated at the bottom heating period for the electron tube
right corner of the front plate; the is approximately 30 seconds, after
sockets for the two headsets are in which the set is ready for operation.
the center of the plate. The zero
(&) The oscillator circuit must be in­
adjustment (just above the headset
serted when the operator is listen­
sockets) is to be regulated only by
ing for tunneling vibrations. This
specially trained personnel. The
shielding lead on the shielded head­ is indicated by a slight vibration
sets must always be plugged into which is audible when the set is on.
the ground socket, immediately be­ (c) To test the detector heads before
low the headset sockets. use, slide a hand over the detector
(&) Two headsets are kept in the side head. A slight rustle should be
compartment of the shipping case. heard through the headset.
(c) The triangular box spanner fits the (d) Two men can fix the cable-drum
bolts which hold the amplifier front stand to the drum, or demount it
AGO 2754A 193
 LISTENING-HEAD SELECTOR SWITCH
CABLE SOCKETS HANDLE ZERO ADJUSTMENT / VOLTMETER VOLUME

A CONTROL

CONTROL
LAMP

GROUND SOCKET LOW-PASS MAIN S'W|TCH BATTERY CABlE HEADSETS

/ HEADSET SOCKETS
FILTER SWITCH MAIN
AMPLIFIER CASE

Figure 168. EVB 6 amplifier.

from the drum. Three men are re­ Caution: The detector head may
quired to unwind cable from the have antilifting devices attached
drum and to bring the detector head (par. 114).
to its forward position. (2) Underground.
(e) The detector-head cable should be (a) When the mine gallery detector set
concealed and if possible, laid in 40 is used underground in a mine
ditches or along hedgerows. If the or tunnel, the detector heads are
cable is laid in open country, partic- placed in bore holes dug with a mine
ular care must be taken in camou­ boring machine. The setting up of
flaging it. In trenches, detector­
the control post and use of cable
head cables are fixed on the side
drums and stands remain the same
toward the opposing force by means
as for surface use. To obtain bear­
of wooden pegs or iron clamps.
ings, however, it is necessary to
(/) A hole 7 feet deep is required for listen in on two detector heads si­
each detector head to obtain a good multaneously and to compare their
detecting range with a compara­ reactions. A detecting control of
tively small amount of interference this type consists of two harmonized
noises. amplifiers and two batteries. Of
(g) After the detector head has been each pair of detector heads to be
placed, it is checked to see that it compared, one detector head is con­
makes a good solid contact with the nected to each amplifier unit. The
surrounding soil. headsets are connected with one

194 AGO 2754A

 AGO 2754A
Figure 169. Wiring diagram for the EVB 6 amplifier.

195
 headset plugged into each amplifier. (figs. 170 and 171) is designed for use in for­
The system should be checked to see ward areas. It is used to guard and acoustically
that both detector heads give iden­ “observe” stretches of the front which are
tical reactions under similar con­ thinly held or which cannot be easily kept un­
ditions. der full observation because of irregularities of
(&) To place the E 105a detector head terrain or poor visibility. The set enables early
in a bore hole, the sleeve is fixed to detection of the approach of an opposing force
the end of the bore-washing tube. and, when used in conjunction with remote­
When the detector head is in posi­ control mines, actively assists in the defense of
tion, the tube should be disconnected the sector.
and withdrawn approximately 3 b. Employment. This set can be used in any
feet; only then is the detector head season or weather. It is particularly valuable
able to pick up the vibrations in the in winter, when other types of obstacles are de­
soil surrounding it.
prived of much of their effect, because ice and
(c) Different types of soil produce a
frozen ground are excellent conductors of sur­
wide variation in ranges. Before
actual operation, a range test should face ground vibrations.
be undertaken, wherever possible, c. Range and Effectiveness. One complete set
in the particular type of soil to be can cover a front of up to 600 yards in warm
encountered. For this test, the de­ weather, depending on the terrain. In winter
tector heads should be placed at 30- conditions one set can cover a front of up to
foot intervals, one at 30 feet from 1,100 yards.
the source of the test vibrations, • > *

d. Description of the Set. One obstacle de­

*'• the next at 60 feet, and so on. The
tector set 42 assembled for operation consists
detector heads are then checked,
of a control post wired to three detector cir­
v one after another. The average
range determined for the particular cuits each of which contains from one to three
type of ground will be that range at acoustic sentries and a mine-detonating circuit.
which the source can be discerned Each set consists of the equipment shown in fig­
without doubt at the medium stage ure 170 and listed in table II. The dimensions
of amplification. and weights in table II include packing for
shipping. Figure 171 illustrates the obstacle
136. Obstacle Detector Set 42 (Sperren- detector set 42 as set up for operation, with one
horchgerat42) or three acoustic sentries employed in each de­
a. Purpose. The obstacle detector set 42 tecting circuit.

Figure 170. Components of the obstacle detector set 42.

AGO 2764A
196
 CONTROL SECTOR
WITH THREE ONE-SENTRY LISTENING CIRCUITS
AND THREE MINE CIRCUITS

CONTROL
POINT

CONTROL SECTOR
WITH THREE THREE-SENTRY LISTENING CIRCUITS
AND THREE MINE CIRCUITS

CONTROL
POINT

Figure 171. Lay-out of the obstacle detector set 42 as set up for operation.

AGO 2764A 197

 (1) HT 6 acoustic sentry. aluminum casting. It is 9 inches in
(a) General. The HT 6 acoustic sentry diameter and 4 inches high. The
(fig. 172) is a disk-shaped solid slightly domed lid, which has a

Table II. Component Parts of the Obstacle Detector Set

Equipment Model Quantity Dimensions ° Weight •
(inches) (pounds)

Acoustic sentry HT 6 or E 131 10 11 by 9% by 9% 11

(1 in reserve) 4% by 614 by 9% 11.5
Amplifier with two headsets EVB 6 1 24 by 15 by 8% 81
Selector set ZV1 1 10 by 8% by 8 12
Batteries 12 NC 28 6 11 by 10 by 7% 48
Blasting machine > Model 37 or 39 1 12% by 4% by 8% 16.5
Heavy two-core electric cable 6 lengths of 11 by 11 by 1 30
(for listening circuit). 8 2 5 feet,
each on a
drum.
6 lengths of 11 by 11 by 15 17.5
165 feet, 8
lengths on a
drum.
Single-core electric cable (for 3 lengths of 11 by 11 by 15 25.5
mine circuit). 1,650 feet,
each on a
drum.
Carrying frame for drums 2 16 by 14 by 12 8.5

• Includes standard packing for shipping.

HSiHMHBSi
_ CARRYING HANDLE

METAL
MEMBRANE

LISTENING CIRCUIT
CONNECTOR PLUG

IN. DIAMETER
4 IN. HIGH
MINE CIRCUIT CONNECTOR PLUG

Figure 172. HT 6 acoustic sentry.

198 AGO 2764A

 countersunk, hinged carrying han­ the unit, one pair for the detector
dle, is held to the casting by eight circuit and one pair for the mine
countersunk bolts. Early models circuit.
have a 1-inch diameter hole in the
lid with a thin metal membrane (&) Internal construction. The E 131
riveted to its interior. The hole nor­ acoustic sentry contains an electro­
mally is closed by a threaded bake­ magnetic-vibration system, consist­
lite plug but can be opened to ad­ ing of a permanent magnet with a
mit vibrations. Each sentry has ring-shaped gap in which a cylin­
four connector plugs, two for the drical coil is held suspended between
detector circuit and two for the two leaf springs fixed to the mag­
mine circuit. net. One vibration system is formed
(ft) Internal construction. The HT 6 by the coil with the leaf springs.
acoustic sentry is based on an elec­ The magnet is suspended on a U-
tromagnetic-vibration system (fig. shaped spring comprising the sec­
173). It consists of a laminated- ond vibration system.
steel magnet, 2 inches long, li/2
inches wide, and 1 inch thick. The (3) ZV 1 selector set. The ZV 1 selector
pole shoes of the magnet are ex­ set (fig. 175) is designed to allow se­
tended to form a square cage lective listening to several detector
around two small induction coils. A circuits as well as to set off their asso­
small gap is left between the ends ciated mine circuits. In positions 1 to
of the pole shoes. Balanced in this 3 of the selector switch, individual de­
gap is a small vibrator tongue tector circuits can be engaged, while
which forms the core of the induc­ position 4 connects them in parallel.
tion coils. The tongue is mounted This arrangement permits listening to
on a copper H-shaped bridge. The all circuits simultaneously.
four setting screws at the end of the
tongue allow fine adjustment of its (a) External description. The front
position and the amount of its panel of the selector set has two cir­
movement between the poles. One cular switches, the upper switch for
end of the vibrator tongue is rigidly selecting the detector circuit and the
connected, through the vertical limb lower switch for testing and firing
of an L-shaped carrying member, the mine circuits. On the right of
to the main vibrator. The main vi­ the panel is a circular cover to allow
brator is a brass plate, 4% inches quick and easy replacement of the
long, 31/2 inches wide, and 1 inch electron tube just behind it. The
thick. It is mounted on a keyhole­ signal light in the center of the
shaped cut. The horizontal limb of panel lights when the mine circuits
the L-shaped piece is fixed to the are being tested. To the right of
upper pole shoe by a short piece of the control panel are three sockets
steel wire screwed into its end, per­ for plugging in the three detector
mitting a certain amount of damped circuits, and beneath them are two
vibration. permanent cables, one leading to the
(2) E 131 acoustic sentry. EVB 6 amplifier and the other to the
(a) General. The E 131 acoustic sentry blasting machine. These cables are
(fig. 174) is a cylindrical metal stored in the compartment at the
casting, 4% inches in diametei’ and right of the case. A small case con­
914 inches high. It has a wooden taining a spare electron tube and
handle on the top. Two pairs of con­ the signal bulb is built into the top
necting plugs are located on top of of the cable storage compartment.
AGO 2754A
199
 PLAN
(MAIN VIBRATING PLATE REMOVED)

H-SHAPED BRIDGE

VIBRATOR
TONGUE

Figure 173. Magnetic system of the HT 6 acoustic sentry.

(&) Internal construction (fig. 176). bias is obtained by the resistance ©

The preamplifying stage consists of bridge for alternating current by
an electron tube (RV 12 P 2000) the condenser ®. The resistance ®
used as a triode. The high-tension fixes the grid voltage. The mine
and heater current are taken from circuit switch © is a single-pole
the EVB 6 amplifier. The cathode switch for connecting the mine test-
AGO 2764A
200
 Figure 174. E 131 acoustic sentry.

ing circuit, consisting of an indica­ use of the blasting machine with

tor, a signal light ® in parallel with the different voltage characteristics.
a condenser ®, and three protecting The resistances ®, ®, and ® in the
resistances ®, ®, and ®. The indi­ detector circuit selector switch
cator and the signal light permit make it impossible for- mines to be
the mine circuit to be checked while set off when the switch is in posi­
the protecting resistances limit the tion 4 (listening in on all circuits at
current. The condenser ® delays once).
the functioning of the signal light (4) Cables and plugs (fig. 177).
in order to permit the alternative (a) Detector-circuit cable. The detector-
AGO 2754A 201
 DETECTING CIRCUIT
DETECTING CIRCUIT PLUGS (3)
SELECTOR SWITCH

SPARE ELECTRON ■
TUBE AND SIGNAL
LIGHT

CABLE STORAGE
COMPARTMENT

MINE CIRCUIT
SWITCH

CABLE TO ELECTRIC OVER ELECTRON TUBE CABLE TO AMPLIFIER

BLASTING MACHINE

Figure 175. ZV 1 selector set.

circuit cable is a heavy two-core ca­ (6) 12 NC 28 battery. This is a nickel­

ble. A two-partition drum carries cadmium type of battery with a capac­
three 165-foot lengths; A single­ ity of 28 ampere-hours. It is used to
partition drum carries an 825-foot operate both the EVB 6 amplifier and
length in the large compartment and
the ZV 1 selector set. It is used also
a 20-foot length with a two-pin plug
in the narrow compartment. Two- for the mine gallery detector set 40.
pin plugs and sockets with protec­ (7) Blasting machine. The standard Ger­
tive caps are provided for this cable. man field blasting machine, either the
(t>) Mine-circuit cable. The mine-cir­ 37 or the 39 model, is used with this
cuit cable is a single-core cable and set.
is carried in a length of 1,650 feet
on one drum. Three drums of cable, e. Installing Equipment.
1,650 feet on each, are provided. (1) Control post. The equipment at the
Single-pin plugs are provided for control post is set up as shown in fig­
this cable. ure 178. Setting up the control post
(5) EVB 6 amplifier. This amplifier unit can be done by two men. Care should
is the same as that used in the mine­ always be taken to set it up on a dry
gallery detector set 40 (par. 136). surface.

202 AGO 2754A

 Figure 176. Wiring diagram of the ZV 1 selector set.

(2) Detector circuits (fig. 179). cuit must always be shorted by

(a) Setting up. Three detector circuits screwing on the shipping cap which
can be connected to the ZV 1 selec­ has two interconnected pins.
tor set at the control post with the (&) Testing. When all connections have
825-foot lengths of two-core cable. been made between the control post,
Each detector circuit can contain the detector circuit, and the acoustic
one, two, or three acoustic sentries. sentries, a test by walking along the
The sentries are interconnected with whole circuit should be made. The
the 165-foot lengths of two-core footsteps should be heard all the
cable. Both the HT 6 and the E 131 way. A slight finger touch on the
acoustic sentries have the same wir­ .a -. HT 6 sentry should be heard at am­
ing diagram (fig. 179). The male plification 0.5 or, on the E 131 sen­
two-pin plug H 1 of the first sentry try, at 1.5. In using the obstacle
in each circuit is connected to the detector set, the oscillator circuit on
control post. The female terminal the EVB 6 amplifier should be in­
H 2 in the last sentry of each cir­ serted. A slight singing noise in

AGO 2754A 203

 DETECTING CIRCUIT CABLE

Figure 177. Cables and plugs for the ZV 1 selector set.

HEAbSETS

DETECTING CIRCUIT
SELECTOR SWITCH
SIDE COMPARTMENT
ELECTRIC
BLASTING MACHINE
SELECTOR SET ZV1
BATTERY
12NC28

AMPLIFIER EVB6
MINE CIRCUIT DETECTING-HEAD BATTERY
SWITCH CABLE CABLE

Figure 178. Equipment of the obstacle detector set 42 at the control post.

204 AGO 2754A

 ACOUSTIC SENTRY
CASE

Ml MINE CIRCUIT - OUT

M2 MINE CIRCUIT- RETURN
HI DETECTING CIRCUIT- IN
H2 DETECTING CIRCUIT - OUT

Figure 179. Wiring diagram for the acoustic sentries.

the headset can be heard when the indicator sign fail to react on releas­
set is switched on and also on each ing the blasting machine, normal
excitation. The heating-up period checking by a continuity tester
for the electron tubes is about 30 should be made. Once a satisfactory
seconds before the equipment is test has been made, all mines, cables,
ready for use. A very high degree and sentries should be buried and
of amplification is not desirable camouflaged.
since it tends to make background Caution: Only testing personnel
sounds more prominent, making it should remain in the area during
more difficult to recognize approach­ testing.
ing sounds. • By inserting the low- /. Functioning.
pass filter it is possible to cut out (1) Acoustic sentries. Both the HT 6 and
frequencies below 200 cycles per the E 131 acoustic sentries receive
second. ground vibrations through a damped
(3) Mine circuits (fig. 171). harmonic system. The most receptive
(a) Setting up. Firing of the mine cir­ frequency for both sentries corre­
cuit is always done electrically. The sponds to the wave lengths usually ex­
electric leads from the electric blast­ perienced in soil and rock; thus a high
ing caps are connected directly to the degree of sensitivity is achieved. The
firing wire. The mine circuit starts damping of the system allows the re­
from the first sentry in a detector ception of vibrations as low as a fre­
circuit at the terminal marked Ml quency of 50 cycles per second. Both
and ends at terminal M2 of the last types of acoustic sentries contain a
sentry in the same circuit. glow lamp used as a high-voltage shunt
(&) Testing. When all the connections to separate the listening circuit from
have been made, and before the the mine circuits. Since the resistance
mines or charges and the cables in the mine circuit is much smaller
have been buried, the mine circuits than that in the detector circuit, the
are tested one by one. The selector voltage induced in the coils would be
switch is turned to Prufen (test­ shorted through the mine circuit and
ing). If the signal light and the would never reach the amplifier if the
AGO 2764A 205
 glow lamp were not present. At any pounds. Each set consists of 10 detector heads,
voltage above 90 volts, however, the 10 earth spikes, 1 terminal unit with 1 headset,
glow lamp lights and will let the cur­ 2 dry cells, and 1 carrying case.
rent from the blasting machine pass to (1) Detector heads. Each detector head
the mine circuit. The resistance of the consists of a carbon microphone which
coils in the detector circuit is so great has good low-frequency response. A
that the current passed through the damped oscillation pendulum, having
circuit may be neglected and will not a frequency of 11 cycles per second, is
effect satisfactory firing of the electric in contact with the carbon diaphragm.
blasting caps in the mine circuit. The The pendulum is held locked and away
coils of the sentries in one detector cir­ from the diaphragm by a simple
cuit are all connected in series. Should spring-loaded plunger until the micro­
the leads to any one sentry be cut, the phone is placed in position on its
continued functioning of those sentries ground spike. A spirit level is incor­
on the near side of the cut is assured porated in the top of the microphone
by connection of the two pins on the case to assure that the pendulum is
plug marked Aus gang (outlet), which vertical.
is the H2 terminal.
(2) Ground spike. The ground spike is a
(a) HT 6 acoustic sentry. When the HT light-metal, corkscrew type spike, 11%
6 sentry is subjected to any vibra­ inches long. A bar is provided for
tion, the vibration is taken up by screwing the spike into the earth. A
the vibrator system. The vibrator locking universal joint fits over the
tongue moving back and forth in end to receive the microphone.
the gap between the pole shoes
causes changes of flux in the mag­ (3) Terminal unit. The terminal unit con­
netic field, thus inducing a voltage sists of a 10-pair terminal strip with a
in the coils. This variable voltage 10-position switch by means of which
is brought to the main amplifier the headset may be connected to any
through the selector set. desired detector head. One terminal
(&) E 131 acoustic sentry. Vibration of each of the switches of the 10 pairs
causes the coil to move back and of detector-head cables is a common
forth within the groove, inducing a terminal. The terminal unit is mounted
voltage in it corresponding in in­ in the lid of the standard German field
tensity to the vibration rate. The telephone case, while the dry cells and
voltage passes through the selector the headset are carried in the lower
set to the main amplifier and can be half of the case. In some cases a plug
heard through the headset. and jack arrangement is provided for
(2) Mine circuit. Each mine circuit is connecting the microphones in parallel
fired individually. It is not possible to groups of three for preliminary sepa­
fire them all at once. The blasting ration of sound location before revert­
machine must be rewound and re­ ing to use of the 10-position switch.
leased, after adjusting the selector
b. Employment. This set may be used in con­
switch, for the firing of each mine
junction with the multiple ignition set 44 (par.
circuit.
149) for detonating controlled mine fields.
137. Portable Mine Detector Set (Minier-
horchgerat) 138. Clockwork-Fuze Detecting Set 41
(Ziinderhorchgerat41)
a. Description. The portable mine-detector
set is intended to provide a simple means of a. General. This equipment is used for the
detecting tunneling activity. It weighs only 35 detection of clockwork-fuze mechanisms.

206 AGO 2754A

 b. Description. Each set, weighing a total 139. Radio-Fuze Detecting Set 42 (Ziin-
of 966 pounds, consists of the following equip­ dersuchgerat 42)
ment:
The radio-fuze detecting set 42 can be used
5 E 105c detector heads, each with 660 insead of the clockwork-fuze detecting set 41
feet of cable and folding cable­ (par. 138) for the detection of buried mines.
reel stand. This detecting set makes use of the varying
1 EVB 9 amplifier with two headsets. magnetic field set up by such mines. This equip­
1 12 NC 28 battery. ment is used primarily to unearth charges using
Soviet F.10 radio-controlled fuzes (TM 5-
(1) Detector heads. The E 105c detector
223A). Each radio-fuze detecting set 42 has a
head is the same as that used with the
total weight of 926 pounds and consists of the
mine gallery-detector set 40 (par.
following items:
135).
5 E 132 search coils, each with sup­
(2) EVB 9 amplifier. The amplifier EVB ports, 600 feet of cable on a reel,
9 differs from the type EVB 6 (par. and reel stand.
135) in the following details: 1 EVB 9 amplifiei- with two headsets.
(а) The amplifier is in four stages— 2 12 NC 28 batteries.
three screen-grid amplifiers fol- . a. Search Coil. The E 132 search coil con­
lowed by an output triode. All elec­ sists of a circular disk about 21 inches in diam­
tron tubes are RV 12P 2000. Power eter with three sockets on each side for the sup­
is supplied, as in the EVB 6, from porting legs. The search coil itself (fig. 180) is
a 12-volt battery through a built-in formed of several thousand turns of fine wire,
vibrator pack, which has more than forming a tuned circuit for about 350 cycles
normal suppression to eliminate low- per second, and a trimming condenser. The cir­
frequency interference. A selector cuit is connected to the grid of an RV 12P 2000
switch connects to any desired de­ electron tube preamplifier stage mounted in a
tector head, and a coupling switch metal case in the lower part of the circular disk.
links all heads together in position The search coil is connected to the EVB 9 ampli­
ALL. In this case a resistance in fier by a four-core shielded cable. The search
the grid circuit of the second stage
is short-circ.uited. For using the
selector switch for single detector
heads, the coupling switch must be
in the position SINGLE.
(б) Frequencies under 300 cycles are
blocked by a high-pass filter be­
tween the first and the second am­
plification stages. The gain control
is in the grid circuit of the second
stage.
(c) Operation begins with all the detec­
tor heads connected. When clock­
work vibrations are detected, the
source of the vibrations is located
by using the SINGLE and selector
switches to determine the detector
head which requires the least gain.
(3) 12 NC 28 battery. This piece of equip­
ment is the same as that described in
paragraph 135. Figure 180. Circuit diagram of the E 182 search coil.

AGO 2754A 207

 SOUNDING HEAD
PUSH BUTTON
SWITCHES

CABLE
TERMINALS

CABLE

CONTENTS OF CASE SHOWING ONE SOUNDING HEAD

Figure 181. Vibration detector.

AGO 2754A
208
coil is most effective when set at right angles through a vertical air column to a
to the magnetic lines of force coming from a double-button microphone. Each but­
buried mine. Supporting legs are provided to ton has resistance of about 200 ohms.
hold the search coil upright. The sounding head weighs about 5
b. EVB 9 Amplifier. The EVB 9 amplifier is pounds and is 3%, inches high and 5%
the same as that described in paragraph 138. A inches in diameter at the widest part
detecting control post, such as is used with the of the base. Two terminals are pro­
mine-gallery detector set 40 (par. 135), can vided for connecting by cable to the
be located at a distance of up to 440 feet from control box.
suspected mines. (2) Control box. The wooden control box
(fig. 183) contains the headset, which
140. Vibration Detector is permanently attached to the box,
a. General. The vibration detector (fig. 181) and the battery. The total weight, in­
can be used to detect underground tunneling cluding the headset and the battery,
operations, to operate as an acoustic mine ob­ is about 1 pound. The box is 6 inches
stacle, and to detect redio detonated, remote long, 3 inches wide, and 1% inches
controlled mine§ and mines set with clockwork high. It is equipped with three cable
delay fuzes. terminals, the center one being a com­
b. Description. The complete apparatus (fig. mon return for both sounding heads.
181) is housed in a black cast-metal case of ex­ Two white push buttons enable the
tremely strong and moisture-resistant construc­ sounding heads to be used independ­
tion. It consists of two sounding heads, a con­ ently of each other.
trol box, a 40-ohm headset, and a 4^-volt dry
cell battery. c. Wiring. The two sounding heads are con­
(1) Sounding head. Each sounding head nected in parallel to the control box where they
(fig. 182) has a horizontal copper are joined in series circuit with the battery and
plate diaphragm, 5^ inches in diam­ the headset through the white push-button
eter. Its vibrations are transmitted switches (fig. 184).

COPPER-PLATE DIAPHRAGM

Figure 182. Sounding head for the vibration detector.

AGO 2754A 209

 HEADSET
CABLE

416 VOLT DRY CELL SOUNDING HEAD

BATTERY PUSH BUTTON SWITCH

6 IN. LONG x 3 IN. WIDE

x V/2 IN. WIDE CONTROL
BOX
Figure 183. Interior of the control box.
CABLE TERMINALS
SOUNDING HEAD PUSH
BUTTON SWITCHES

■ r
DOUBLE BUTTON
SOUNDING SOUNDING HEAD-I i MICROPHONE
HEAD 200 OHMS VERTICAL
AIR COLUMN
COPPER PLATE
HEADSET DIAPHRAGM
40 OHMS
DRYCELL (4.5 VOLTS)
BATTERY

CONTROL BOX
Figure 184- Wiring diagram of a vibration detector.

210 AGO 2764A

 CHAPTER 10
MISCELLANEOUS MINE WARFARE EQUIPMENT

Section I. MINE LAYING, MARKING, AND RECORDING EQUIPMENT

141. General 43 with camouflage cover, the distance

between mines and between rows is
The only special mine laying equipment used 6 feet 6%, inches. This spacing is done
by the Germans was a mine spacing wire (Min- by laying one mine above each cross
enmessdraht) described in paragraph 142. Ger­ and each bar on the wire throughout
man equipment'for marking mines and mine the mine belt. For laying the first
fields is described in paragraph 143. German row, which is the row nearest to the
mine field recording equipment is similar to opposing force, the first ring (4 feet
that of the U. S. Army. 41/2 inches from the right end of the
wire) is laid on point 1. For the sec­
142. Mine Spacing Wire (Minenmes- ond row, the second ring (3 feet 3^
sdraht) inches from the end of the wire) is
a. Description. The mine spacing wire (fig. laid on point 2 on the reference line,
185) is 85 feet 3% inches long, and has a num­ 6 feet 6% inches behind point 1. For
ber of rings and wooden crosses, bars, and the third row, the third ring (1 foot
blocks fixed to it. Four rings are located at 1 inch from the end of the wire) is laid
various distances from the right end of the on point 3 on the reference line, 6 feet
mine spacing wire. The first wooden cross, 6% inches behind point 2. For the
6 feet 6%. inches from the right end, is the zero last row, the fourth ring (the end of
point for all the following marking devices: the wire) is laid on point 4 on the ref­
Wooden crosses at 4, 8,12, 16, 20 meters erence line, 6 feet 6% inches behind
Wooden bars at 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22 meters point 3. The base line is 6 feet 6%
Wooden blocks at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, inches behind the last row and it may
17, 21, 23 meters be marked or not, according to the
An end-ring at the other end of the wire is pro­ tactical situation.
vided to stretch the wire taut for laying. (2) By varying the sequence of rings and
b. Employment. of marks used, a great variety of stag­
(1) Each basic mine belt consists of four gered rows can be laid. The above
rows of mines, 81 feet long, laid at example is merely the simplest pos­
right angles to the reference line, sible method; it was not always fol­
which marks the right-hand edge of lowed.
t

the belt when facing the opposing (3) The required distance between rows
force. One mine is laid just above for mine belts containing Tellermines
any one or more types of the wooden 35, uncovered Tellermines, and rail
marking devices along the mine spac­ mines is 13 feet 1% inch; for S-mines
ing wire. In order to stagger the rows 35, 6 feet 6%, inches; and for Schii’-
of mines, any one of the four rings mines, 1 foot 7% inches.
can be put on the reference line. For (4) Mine belts containing different types
example, in laying Tellermine 42 and of mines may be laid with the spacing
AGO 2764A 211
 ,Y

OPPOSING FORCE

LEGEND :
O WOODEN BLOCK

WOODEN BAR

X WOODEN CROSS

O METAL RING

REFERENCE LINE

POINT POINT 3 POINT 2 POINT I

NOTE’. I METER = 1.094 YARDS= 3.281 FEET

Figure 185. Mine spacing wire.

212 AGO 2751A

 wire; for example, a Tellermine at of a mine field are faced on the friendly side
each cross and bar and an S-mine at with the flat surface painted red and the letters
each block, and the reverse for alter­ Mi (for Mineri) painted in black on the red
nate rows. surface (fig. 186).
143. Mine Field Markers b. Mine Field Edges and Gaps. The rear and
a. Comer Posts. Posts marking the corners side boundaries of mine fields are marked by a

.......................... 1 XT//?

sREDs
A* • • • • .......... ’

MINE FIELD EDGE MINE FIELD GAP

CORNERPOST MARKER AAARKER
MARKER \

RED AND WHITE MINE FIELD MARKERS

BLACK AND WHITE MINE FIELD MARKERS

WARNING FENCE
Figure 186. Typical mine field marking signs.
AGO 2754A 213
rectangular sign painted on the friendly side c. Warning signs. Mine warning signs with
with two red and one white horizontal strips vertical lettering indicate live mine fields; those
as shown in figure 186. Gaps in mine fields are with slanted lettering are used to indicate dum­
marked with rectangular signs with one half of my mine fields.
the friendly side painted white and the other
d. Warning Fences. In general, German mine
half red (fig. 186). The white half of the sign
is toward the gap and the red toward the mine fields are fenced in with warning fences on the
field or danger side. If red paint is not avail­ friendly side, as shown in figure 186. These
able, mine fields are often marked with signs warning fences usually consist of two strands
painted white on the friendly side with a skull, of wire, the lower strand barbed wire and the
a skull and crossbones, or an outstretched hand, upper smooth wire, attached to regularly spaced
and the letters Mi, Minen, or Aclitung! Minen! posts. Many German mine fields, however,
painted in black, as in figure 186. were not marked at all.

Section II. MINE CLEARING EQUIPMENT

144. General z anced weight. The gear revolves at

approximately eight times the speed
Most German mine clearing equipment is of the roller, or at such a speed as to
similar to that constructed by the Soviets (TM give the weights at least two down­
5-223A) and falls into two general groups— ward pulsations of the roller for ap­
mechanical devices and explosive devices. Me­ proximately every 12 inches of its
chanical devices for mine clearing consist pri­ travel over the surface of the ground.
marily of drags and grapnels for clearing mines There are then at least two pulsations
laid with trip wires, and tank-mounted rollers per mine (assuming mines are 12
(par. 145) for detonating mines which have inches in diameter). The impact ef­
pressure fuzes. Most of the drags and grapnels fect of these pulsations may be of
are field-expedient devices. from 1 to 3 tons. The torsion springs
keep all rollers in contact with the un­
145. Mine Roller 3001 (Minenraiimer- even surface of the ground with about
gerat 3001) 250 pounds of pressure on each roller.
a. Description. (2) When a mine is exploded, an individ­
(1) The mine roller 3001 consists of roller ual roller is destroyed. It can be easily
assemblies mounted on the forward removed and a spare roller attached in
ends of two steel arms. The arms are 15 to 20 minutes. Two to four spare
about 10 feet long and are independ­ rollers are carried on the tank.
ently mounted by a torsion-spring con­ (3) Several different types of roller sur­
nection to the front of a tank, so they faces are used, including smooth,
will project forward. Each roller as­ toothed, lugged, corrugated, and wavy
sembly has three identical rollers and surfaces. No one type of roller sur­
weighs about 1^ tons. One roller is face functions entirely satisfactorily
forward and the other two rollers are over snow or sand. The rollers most
located about 3V& feet to the rear. suitable for universal use are the
The gap between the rear rollers is wavy and the smooth surface types.
covered by the front roller. The roll­ The main difficulties in the use of this
ers are about 2i/> feet long and 2 feet device lie in the replacement of rollers
in diameter. Each roller is hollow and destroyed, and in that only two nar­
revolves about a fixed axle. As the row paths, not a wide path, are cleared
roller turns, a planetary gear inside through a mine field. The power re­
the roller revolves at the midpoint of quired to operate the mine roller 3001
the axle shaft which drives an unbal­ is, however, appreciably less than that

214 AGO 2754A

 required for most other mine clearing using detonating-cord nets. Each net is 30 feet
devices of the tank-mounted type. long and 8 feet wide with a 6-inch mesh (fig.
b. Effectiveness. A tank can push the two 187). It weighs about 20 pounds and has a
roller assemblies over the ground at 3 to 6 miles diameter of 6 inches, when rolled. The net is
per hour. The rollers will explode mines raised 2 to 3 feet above the ground on pegs or
equipped with pressure fuzes and buried as stakes. It is laid by hand.
deep as 6 inches below the surface. Each roller
assembly clears a path approximately 6 feet
wide.

146. Explosive Devices

a. Shells and Bombs. The Germans used shell­
ing and bombing to clear lanes in mine fields
which were fairly well-located and which could
not be cleared by other methods. Shelling and
bombing were not used to clear entire mine
fields.
(1) Shelling. In clearing lanes with artil­
lery fire, the Germans used light field
howitzers and 21-cm (210-mm) mor­
tars (short-barrelled howitzer, not
like the U. S. infantry mortar) with
instantaneous percussion-fuzed shells, 6 IN
and heavy field howitzers with short­
delay percussion-fuzed shells. The fire
was concentrated. To clear a lane
about 75 feet wide and 300 yards deep,
the Germans expended the following
approximate number of rounds:
(а) 120 rounds-from the 21-cm mortar
with instantaneous percussion fuzes.
(б) 400 rounds from the heavy field Figure 187. Detonating-cord net.
howitzer with delay percussion
fuzes.
c. Mobile Bangalore Torpedo (Ladungsschie-
(c) 600 rounds from the light field how­ ber). The mobile bangalore torpedo (fig. 188)
itzer with instantaneous percussion
fuzes. is improvised from pipe and several two­
wheeled axles which are assembled and spaced
(2) Bombing. The Germans found bomb­
16 feet apart. The bangalore torpedo is laid
ing in rows with 110-pound (50-kg)
bombs to be a particularly effective over the axles and made fast. To supplement
clearing practice; however, the bombs the charge contained within the bangalore tor­
made craters too deep for tanks to get pedo, two charges weighing 3 pounds each are
through. To clear a lane 150 to 300 taped to each section of the torpedo. The nor­
feet wide and 650 feet deep, the Ger­ mal length of the mobile bangalore torpedo is
mans found by experience that 960 of 80 feet and clears a gap 12 to 18 feet wide. The
these 110-pound bombs were neces­ torpedo is towed as far as possible before being
sary. pushed out into the mine field. A skid nose is
b. Detonating-Cord Net (Knallnetz). The sometimes attached to the front end for use in
Germans cleared lanes through mine fields by rough terrain.
AGO 2754A
215
 Section III. REMOTE CONTROL DETONATING EQUIPMENT

147. General b. Transmitter. The crystal-modulated spe­

cial transmitter with modulating adjustment is
Two types of remote control detonating de­ housed in a normal carrying pack, which is a
vices were employed by the Germans in World reinforced wooden case with a removable lid.
War II. The most recently used equipment con­ The transmittei’ fits in an upper compartment,
sisted of mines laid in a mine field and con­ with the converter below. In a special com­
nected with electrical wiring to a remote con­ partment are 11 aerial rods, an aerial base, a
trol post where a concealed observer could elec­ transverse head, a counterpoise in 4 parts, a
trically detonate all or part of the mine field cable for connecting the battery to the trans­
(par. 149). The earlier type of remote control mitter, a square key1 for winding the clockwork
mine detonating was by radio (par. 148). The firing switch and for switching on the required
Germans used electrical detonating devices in signal, and a safety key. The 12-volt wet cell
conjunction with their detector equipment for battery (12 NC 28) is in a sheet-metal box.
detecting foot-troop or vehicular approach and Spare parts for the transmitter, including elec­
underground activity (sec. Ill, ch. 9). tron tubes, bulb, 40-ampere fuzes, and high- and
low-tension brushes, are carried in a small case
148. Radio Detonating Device Bl (Fern- with a removable lid. The transmitter should be
ziindgerat Bl; F.Z.B1) erected clear of trees, walls, or metallic objects.
a. General. The radio detonating device Bl c. Receiver. The receiver, which is set to the
is designed to fire electric detonators by radio. frequency of the transmitter, is a crystal-modu­
This device usually employed large charges of lated heterodyne receiver served by a ground
explosives hidden in buildings, debris, bridge antenna laid out toward the transmitter. The
abutments, and the like, and usually not in voltage required for ignition is excited in a pair
mine fields. The radio detonating device Bl is of terminals. The resultant ignition is indicated
patterned after the Soviet F.10 radio controlled by the momentary glowing of a red lamp in the
fuze described in detail in TM 5-233A. Each receiver. By means of interchangeable relay
set of equipment consists of two transmitters sets, the receiver may be set to react to any one
and five receivers. Each transmitter and re­ of five different signals. The receiver is carried
ceiver is capable of being tuned to any one of in a container divided into two compartments.
five different frequencies. The 15-watt trans­ The receiver itself is housed in one compart­
mitter with battery and transformer, which is ment and the power supply in the other. Each
designed to be used with a rod aerial and coun­ compartment can be separately closed by a
terpoise ground, serves to originate and send waterproof cover. The terminals for the aerial,
the signal. The receiver, operated by wet cell the counterpoise, and the ignition leads, to­
batteries, is served by a ground antenna and gether with two carrying handles, are all on
counterpoise. The five interchangeable sets of the outside of the container. One section of
relays for the receivers and the spare parts for the power supply compartment contains the
both transmitters and receivers are contained aerial and the counterpoise, and the remainder
in a small pack. holds three batteries (2.4 NC 58) in a remov­
AGO 2754A
216
able container and one direct-current vibratory (1) Switch case. Located on the front
converter. Spare relays, electron tubes, bulbs, plate of the switch case is a nine-pole
and vibrator units for the receiver are con­ switch (Nenfach-Umschalter) and
tained in a small case with a removable lid. nine corresponding terminals, one
large and eight small, with provisions
149. Multiple Ignition Set 44 (Mehrfach- for connecting eight pairs of electric
ziindegerat 44; M.Z. 44) firing heads. Two additional termi­
nals connect the switch case with the
a. Description. The multiple ignition set 44 ignition cable of the selector set ZV 1
is an auxiliary device to the obstacle detector on which the case is mounted. A two-
set 42 (par. 136). Combination of these two core cable is provided for connecting
sets makes it possible to detonate individually, to a blasting machine, which is the
at required time intervals, five separate mine source of current. The blasting ma­
circuits, all connected to any one detecting cir­ chine, either 37 or 39 (Gluziindap-
cuit. Each of the mine circuits may contain re­ parat 37 or 39), is used.
sistance up to 30 ohms. The two-core cable for
the detecting circuit may be up to 3,300 feet (2) Resistance distributors. Each resist­
long. The main components of the set are one ance distributor (fig. 192) consists of
switch case MZS (fig. 189) (Schaltkasten, four 50-ohm resistances in series with
MZS); one selector set ZV 1; and six resist­ five branch leads. The distributor is
ance distributors MZV (Verteiler, MZV), three housed in a short length of steel tubing
of which are spares. which is closed with a waterproof seal.

FIRING HEAD
LEADS

SWITCH CASE, MZS

LARGE TERMINAL

SMALL TERMINALS

SWITCH CASE AND

SELECTOR SET
CONNECTING CABLE

SELECTOR SET, ZVI

CARRYING COMPARTMENT
FOR SWITCH CASE, MZS

CABLE TO AMPLIFIER

CABLE TO ELECTRIC
BLASTING MACHINE

RESISTANCE
DISTRIBUTOR
Figure 189. Switch case MZS mounted on selector set ZV 1.

AGO 2754A 217

 (3) Packing. The switch case is stored in sistance of 10,000 ohms connected in
the cable compartment of the selector parallel.
set (fig. 190). The selector set plug (&) Resistance distributor. Figure 192
and cable are placed in front of the shows the wiring of the resistance
set and fixed in a bracket specially distributor with the five leads
provided, as shown in figure 190. branching to the mine circuits, so

switch case

PLUG

Figure 190. Switch case MZS packed into compartment of selector set ZV 1.

(4) Electrical wiring. that the resistance for successive

(a) Switch case. The wiring diagram circuits is increased by 50-ohm in­
for the switch case is shown in figure crements.
204. The nine-pole switch allows the (c) Entire set. Figure 193 shows the
connection of eight pairs of firing electrical lay-out for the entire mul­
heads (each pair connected in se­ tiple ignition set 44 in use in an
ries) into the circuit. Position 9 acoustically controlled mine field.
(through pole No. 9) is not equipped The switch, case is connected be­
for insertion of firing heads but is tween the blasting machine and the
connected to a safety device con­ selector set. One resistance distrib­
sisting of an anti-spark condenser utor is connected to the Ml plug of
of 1 microfarad and a discharge re- each acoustic sentry which is re-

218 AGO 2764A

 TO SELECTOR SET ZVI

LARGE TERMINAL

ELECTRIC
FIRING
HEADS

/
/

’ J'44444-
SMALL TERMINALS

NINE POLE SWITCH

SAFETY DEVICE

10,000 A

TO BLASTING MACHINE

Figure 191. Wiring diagram of switch case.

r
quired to control more than one b. Installing.
mine circuit. The leads to these (1) The switch case MZS is removed from
mine circuits are all joined to the its shipping position and fixed onto the
return lead into plug M2. In all top plate of the selector set ZV 1
other details, the connections are where it is held by a spring-grip ar­
the same as for standard acoustic rangement (fig. 189). The connecting
obstacles as prescribed in para­ cable of the selector set is connected
graph 136. to the two bottom left-hand terminals
AGO S?MA
219
 TO MINE
CIRCUIT

SELECTOR SET

Figure 193. Wiring diagram of multiple ignition set U used in conjunction with detecting devices.

on the switch case, and the ignition cause misfires or simultaneous firing
cable of the switch case is connected of more than one mine circuit.
to the blasting machine. (3) The 16 firing heads are placed in their
(2) The wire ends of the firing heads from sockets on the top of the switch case
16 electric blasting caps are then and are fixed by means of the slide
wound together so as to form eight provided.
separate pairs of firing heads. Within (4) An electric blasting cap is inserted
each pair, the firing heads are con­ immediately behind the resistance dis­
nected in series. The resistances in tributor in each mine circuit so that
the firing heads must be the same as the circuit is broken even if the mines
those in the electric blasting caps used should not fire; in this way, subse­
in the mine circuits. Where possible, quent circuits can still be detonated
the electric blasting caps should all in case of a misfire in one.
be taken from the same shipment, c. Functioning. As shown in figure 194, the
since differences of resistance may resistance distributor connects all the mine cir­
AGO 2754A
220
cuits in parallel, while giving each a different the switch case are fuzed, thus cutting off the
resistance. The current coming from the blast­ current to the mine circuits and preventing
ing machine will take the path where the least furthei- mine circuits from being fired until the
resistance is offered and so set off the mines switch is turned to the next position. This
in that particular circuit. At the same time, brings another pair of firing heads into the
the firing heads inserted in the same circuit in circuit.

OPPOSING FORCE
ELECTRIC BLASTING
CAPS

----- ®------ @“
MINE CIRCUIT NO-5
50 A
------------- @---------------- (M>

MINE CIRCUIT NO-4

50 A
Q-®-------------- ©---------------©-
RESISTANCE
50 A MINE CIRCUIT N0 3
DISTRIBUTOR
EH®-------------- @-------------- ®"

MINE CIRCUIT N0.2

£H®-------------- ®---------------®-

MINE CIRCUIT NO- I

LARGE TERMINAL
SWITCH CASE MZS

ELECTRIC FIRING
HEADS

SMALL TERMINALS

Figure 194. Functioning of multiple ignition set lt)t.

AGO 2754A 221

 GLOSSARY OF GERMAN-ENGLISH MINE WARFARE TERMS

German Name Abbreviation English Translation

FUZES
Bosseziinder Bosse fuze (man’s name)
Brennziinder B.Z. Burning (friction) fuze
Chemischmechanischer Zeitziinder C.M.Z. Chemical-mechanical time fuze
Chemischer Ziinder C.Z. Chemical fuze
Druckziinder D.Z. Pressure fuze
Eisminenziinder Es.Mi.Z. Ice mine fuze
Entlastungsziinder E.Z. Pressure-release fuze J
Erschiitterungsziinder Percussion fuze
Fernziindgerat F.Z. Long range igniting device
Frequenzinduktionsziinder F.I.Z. Frequency-induction fuze
Geheimziinder Gh.Z. Secret fuze i
Gliihzunder Glow (electric) fuze
Hebelziinder Lever fuze
Jot-Feder Uhrwerkziinder J-Feder Jot Feder spring clockwork fuze
Kippziinder Ki.Z. Tilt fuze
Knickziinder Kn.Z. Snap fuze
Mehrfachziindgerat M.Z. Multiple igniting device
Minenziinder Mine fuze
Nebelbrennziinder Nb.B.Z. Friction fuze for smoke charge
Nebenziinder Supplementary fuze
Nur Zugziinder Pull fuze only
Oldruckziinder Oil pressure fuze
Reibziinder Friction fuze
Schlagziinder Percussion fuze
Schiitzen-Kiistenminenziinder S-Kst.Mi.Z. Antipersonnel coastal mine fuze
Sofortziinder Instantaneous fuze
Sofortziinder aus Metall SM Instantaneous fuze of metal
Sofortziinder metallfrei SF Instantaneous fuze with little or no
metal
Sonderziinder Special fuze
Splitterminenziinder S-Minen Z.; S.Mi.Z. Shrapnel mine fuze
Stabziinder Rod fuze
Tellerminenziinder T-minen Z.; T.Mi.Z. Plate mine (Tellermine) fuze
Topfminenziinder To.Mi.Z. Pot mine (Topfmine) fuze
Uhrwerkziinder Clockwork fuze
Zeitziinder Z. Time-delay fuze
Zug-und-Druckziinder Z.D.Z. Pull-pressure fuze
Zug-und-Zerschneideziinder Z.u.Z.Z. Pull and release fuze
Zugziinder Z.Z. Pull fuze
Ziinder z. Fuze (igniter)
Ziindersprengkapsel Percussion cap and detonator holder
Ziindschnuranziinder Zdschn, Anz. Fuze lighter

222 AGO 2754A

 German Name Abbreviation English Translation
MINES
Behelfsmine Improvised mine
Beobachtungsmine Controlled (observed) mine
Brettstiickmine Board mine
Druckbrettmine Pressure board mine
Druckmine Pressure mine
Drahtmine Wire mine
Eismine Es.Mi. Ice mine
Entlastungsmine Wooden antilifting device
Entlastungsziinder Wooden antilifting device
Erschtitterungsmine Concussion mine
Flascheneismine Fl.Es.Mi. Bottle ice mine
Flusstreibmine River drifting mine
Fusschlingenmine Foot snare mine
Geschossmine Shell mine
Glasmine ■> Gl.Mi. Glass mine
Heeresmine Army mine
Hohlladungsmine Hollow charge mine
Hohlsprungmine Hollow bounding mine
Holzmine H.Mi. Wooden mine
Kugeltreibmine K.Tr.Mi. Spherical drifting mine
Leichte Panzermine Le.Pz.Mi. Light (anti) tank mine
Mine Mi. Mine
Panzerfaust Tank “fist”
Panzermine Pz.Mi. (Anti) tank mine
Panzerstabmine Pz.Stab Mi. (Anti) tank stake mine
Pilz P Mushroom
Riegelmine R-Mine; R.Mi. Bar (rail) mine
Scheinmine Dummy mine
Schleudermine Sliding mine
Schlossermine Locksmith mine (specially improvised
mine)
Schnellmine Hasty mine
Schiitzendosenmine Schu.Do.Mi. (Anti) Personnel can mine
Schiitzenkustenmine S.KstMi. (Anti) Personnel coastal mine
Schiitzenmine Schii.Mi. (Anti) Personnel mine
Skimine Ski mine
Sondermine Special mine
Splittermine S-mine; S.Mi. - Shrapnel mine
Sprengriegelmine Spring bar mine
Spriihbuchse Sp.Bii. Spraycan (chemicalmine)
Stockmine Sto.Mi. Picket (stake) mine
Stolperdrahtmine Trip-wire mine
Tellermine T-mine; T.Mi. Plate mine
Topfmine To.Mi. Pot mine
Ubungsmine Ubs.Mi. Training mine
Versteckte Grossladung Hidden large charge (time-delay
fuzed)
Versteckte Kleinladung Hidden small charge (booby trap)
Vorstrandmine Beach mine
AGO 2754A
223
 German Name Abbreviation English Translation
MISCELLANEOUS MINE WARFARE EQUIPMENT

Fernhorer Microphone
Fernziindgerat Radio detonating device
Geballte Ladung Concentrated charge
Gestreckte Ladung Elongated charge (bangalore tor­
pedo)
Gliihziindapparat Blasting machine
Horchtopf Acoustic sentry
Knallnetz Detonating net
Knallziindschnur Detonating cord
Ladung a Charge
Ladungsschieber • Mobile charge
Mehrfachziindegerat Multiple ignition set
Minenlegerwagen Mine laying vehicle
Minenmessdi'aht Mine spacing wire
Minenraumgerat Mine clearing device
Minen r aumhaken Mine clearing hook (grapnel)
Minensuchgabel Mine detecting fork
Minensuchgerat Mine detecting device (Electrical
(Elektrisches Minensuchgerat) mine detector)
Minensuchstab M.S. Mine detecting rod
Minierhorchgerat Mine listening equipment
Neunfach-Umschalter Nine-pole switch
Schaltkasten Switch case
Sperrenhorchgerat Obstacle listening device
Sprengbiichse Demolition block (in a container)
Sprengkapsel Spr.Kapsel Detonator
Sprengkorper Demolition block
Stollenhorchgerat Mine gallery listening (detector) de­
vice
Stollenregistriergerat Mine gallery registering (recording)
device
Sucheisen Detector iron (mine probe)
Temperaturregler Temperature regulator
Verteiler Resistance distributor
Zeitziindschnur Safety fuze
Zunderhorchgerat Fuze listening set
Ziindersprengkapsel Z.Spr. Kapsel Detonator for fuzes
Ziindersuchgerat Fuze detecting set

GENERAL TERMS
Anlegen von Minensperren Laying mine obstacles
Behelfs Improvised
Blind Unarmed
Bohrpatrone Bore cartridge (blasting cartridge)
Biichse Box
Druck Push, pressure
Durchgang fur Einzelschutzen Narrow troop lane through a mine
field

224 AGO 2754A

 German Name Abbreviation English Translation
GENERAL TERMS—Continued
Elektrisch Electrical >
Entminen To demine
Erschutterung Concussion
Explosion Explosion
Fertig Ready-to-go (assembled)
Geht Go •
Gemischtminensperre Mixed mine field
Gross Large
Haft-Hohlladung Magnetic hollow charge
Horchminensperre Acoustic mine obstacle
Kasten Box
Knipser Switch
Kunststoff Synthetic plastic
Kurz Short
Minenarten Types of mines
Minenfeld (Minensperre) Mine field (mine obstacle)
Minengasse Wide lane through a mine field
Minengrundfeld Mine belt
Minen in Streueinsatz • Hasty mine field
Minenkampf Mine warfare
Minenkarte Mine map
Minenlage Record of available mine stocks
Minenlinie Mine row
Minenmeldedienst Mine field record and reports service
Minenmeldung Mine field report
Minenplan Mine plan
Minenraumen Mine clearing
Minenschnellsperre Hasty mine obstacle
Minenschriftstiick . Mine record
Minenskizze Mine sketch
Minensperre (Minenfeld) Mine barrier (minefield)
Minensuchen Mine detecting
Packkasten Packing case
Panzer Pz. Tank
Planladung Calculated charge
Reinrassige Minensperre “Pure” mine field (all one type of
mine—antitank or antipersonnel)
Rot Red
Scharf Armed
Schnell Quick, hasty
Schnelladung Hasty charge
Schnellsperre Hasty obstacle
Schiitze Schu.jS. (Anti) Personnel, infantryman
Schutzkappe Protective (shipping) cap
Schwarz Black
Sicher Safe
Sicherheit Safety, security
Sichern gegen Aufnehmen To secure against lifting
Sichern gegen entscharfen To secure against neutralizing
AGO 2754A
225
 German Name Abbreviation English Translation
GENERAL TERMS—Continued

Sicherungsbolzen Safety pin

Splitter S-;S. Fragment, splinter (shrapnel)
Sprengkammer Explosive chamber
Sprengkorper Explosive body (charge)
Spriih Spray
Steht Stop
Stock Sto. Picket, stake
Stuck Piece, part
Stunden Hours
Tage Days
Teller T-;T. Plate
Topf To. Pot
Uberwinden von Minensperren Breaching mine fields
Ubung Ubs. Training, practice
Umgeandert Umg. Modified
Unscharf Unarmed
Unten Bottom
Verlegedichte (Mine) placement density
Verminen To mine
Verzogerung Delay
Wasserdicht Waterproof
Zeit Time
Zerknall Detonation
Zerknallschutzentfernung Sympathetic detonation safety inter­
val between mines
Zerknallschutzstreifen Safety zone between mine fields
Zug Pull

AGO 2754A
226
 INDEX

Paragraphs Pago

Aachen 40 mine detector________________________________________________ 129, 130 185

Acoustic devices for mine detection (See Electrical-acoustic mine detecting
devices.)
Activated mine, definition_______________________________________________ 3 1
Activated mines_______________________________________________________ 109 158
Activating device for antitank mines, improvised___________________________ 114 167
Activating Tellermines_________________________________________________ 44,109 48,158
Aluminum mine_______________________________________________________ 78 107
Antilifting devices and booby traps:
Activated antitank mines___________________________________________ 109 158
Definition_________________________________________________________ 6 9
Entlastungsmine__________________________________________________ 113 164
Entlastungsziinder sofortziinder aus metall; E.Z. SM 2_.-------------------------- 110 159
Entlastungsziinder sofortziinder aus metallfrei; E.Z. SF 3------------------------ 111 161
Equipment traps:
Candy-bar booby trap___________________________________________ 115 168
Canteen booby trap_____________________________________________ 115 168
Whistle booby trap_____________________________________________ 115 168
Hand neutralizing of activated mines_________________________________ 109 158
Improvised antilifting device for antitank mines________________________ 114 167
Nipolite pressure-release antilifting device:_____________________________ 112 162
Pressure-release antilifting device SF 3_______________________________ 111 161
Pressure-release antilifting device SM 2, metal--------------------------------------- 110 159
Wooden antilifting device___________________________________________ 113 164
Antipersonnel mines (See Mines, antipersonnel.)
Antipersonnel mines, improvised (See Mines, improvised, antipersonnel.)
Antiremoval fuze__ ~__________________________________________________ 32,33,34 35, 36, 38
Antitank mines (See Mines, antitank.)
Antitank mines, improvised (See Mines, improvised, antitank.)
Antivehicular mines, definition___________________________________________ 5 9
Bl radio detonating device___________ 148 216
Ball mine, concrete_____________________________________________________ 88 129
Bangalore torpedo, mobile_______________________________________________ 146 215
Bar mines (See Mines, antitank.)
Behelfs Brettstiickmine_________________________________________________ 102,105 152,153
Behelfs-Flusstreibmine_________________________________________________ 118 175
Behelfsmine E-5______________________________________________________ 28,104 32,153
Behelfs-Schiitzenmine W-l______________________________________________ 28,103 32,152
Behelfs Schiitzenmine A 200__________ :__________________________________ 28, 89 32,131
Behelfs Schiitzenmine S 150_____________________________________________ 28,90 32,133
Berlin 40 mine detector, (type B)________________________________________ 130 185
Blast-effect (See Sympathetic detonation.)
Bombing_____________________________________________________________ 146 215
Booby traps and antilifting devices (See Antilifting devices and booby traps.)
Booster charge, function________________________________ 4 2
Bosseziinder____________________________________________ 14 16
Bossezunder SF 6._________________________________ '__ ________________ 29, 97 32,140
Bottle mine 42, ice mine______________________________________ __________ 42,101 47,146
Bounding gas mine 37---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56,100 61,145
Bounding hollow-charge mine 4672__________________ 84 118
Bounding shrapnel mines (See S-Mines.)

AGO 2754A
227
 Paragraphs Page

Box mine 42, wooden___________________________________________________ 42, 71 47,94

Box mine V.B., wooden_________________________________________________ 42, 72 47,96
Box mines, wooden_____________________________________________________ 79 109
Brennziinder Ei; B.Z.E_________________________________________________ 47, 49 50, 55
Buck chemical fuze____________________________________________________ 28, 74, 89, 90, 32, 99,131,133,
97,103,104 140,152,153
B.
Z.E. pull fuze------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 47,49 50,55
Can mine, ration__________________________________________ '____________ 106 155
Candy-bar booby trap---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 115 168
Canteen booby trap____________________________________________________ 115 168
Casualty radius of mine, effective________________________________________ 3 1
Charge, booster, function.’______________________________________________ 4 2
Charge, main, function_________________________________________________ 4 2
Chemical delay fuze (See Fuzes, clockwork and chemical delay.)
Chemical-electrical fuzes, functioning_____________________________________ 4 2
Chemical fuze, Buck____________________________________________________ 28, 74, 89, 90, 32, 99,131,133,
97,103,104 140,152,153
Chemical fuze, functioning______________________________________________ 4 2
Chemical fuze SF 18___________________________________________________ 31,97 35,140
Chemical-mechanical time delay fuze 41W_________________________________ 11, 55 15, 60
Chemischer Ziinder, Buck_______________________________________________ 28, 74, 89, 90, 32, 99,131,133,
\.97,103,104 140,152,153
Chemisch-mechanischer Zeitzunder 41W___________________________________ 11, 55 15, 60
Clearing equipment, mine:
Detonating-cord net________________________________________________ 146 215
Mobile bangalore torpedo____________________________________________ 146 215
Roller, mine, 3001__________________________________________________ 145 214
Shells and bombs---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 146 215
Clay mine, antipersonnel________________________________________________ 42, 98 47,142
Clay mine, antitank____________________________________________________ 42, 76 47,105
Clearing practices_____________________________________________________ 10 12
Clockwork and chemical delay fuzes (See Fuses, clockwork and chemical delay.)
Clockwork-fuze detecting set 41---------------------------------------------------------------- 138,139 206, 207
Coastal mine; also glass mine 43--------------------------------------------------------------- 27, 28, 29, 31, 97 30, 32, 35,140
M.Z. 41W___________________________________________________________
C. 11, 55 15, 60
•Concrete ball mine-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 88 129
Concrete stake mine------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11, 44,45, 87 15, 48, 50,128
Delay fuzes, clockwork and chemical (See Fuzes, clockwork and chemical delay.)
Detecting equipment, mine:
Definition________________________________________________________ 7 11
Detecting devices, electrical-acoustic:
Clockwork-fuze detecting set 41---------------------------------------------------- 138,139 206, 207
Metallic-mine detectors, functioning of------------------------------------------- 125 180
Mine-gallery detector set 40--------------------------------------------------------- 135,138 189,206
Obstacle detector set 42_________________________________________ 136 196
Portable mine detector set-------------------------------------- 137 206
Radio-fuze detecting set 42______________________________________ 139 207
Vibration detector______________________________________________ 140 209
Detectors, electronic:
Aachen 40---------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- 129,130 185
Berlin 40_____________________________________________________ 130 185
Frankfurt 42__________________________________________________ 126,127 180,183
Lowedel-Gerat-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 132 187
Neptun_______________________________________________________ 128,129,130 185
Stuttgart 43------------- ,-------------------------------------------------------------- 75,133 101,188
Tempelhof------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 131 186
Wien 41______________________________________________________ 126,127 180,183

AGO 2754A
228
 Paragraphs Page
Detecting equipment, mine—Continued
Probes:
Metal mine probe_______________________________________________ 123 179
Mine probing rod 39____________________________________________ 124 180
Minensuchstab 39______________________________________________ 124 180
Sucheisen_____________________________________________________ 123 179
Detectors, mine (See Detecting equipment; mine.)
Detonating-cord net____________________________________________________ 146 215
Detonating equipment, mine, remote controlled:
Development of German remote controlled mine detonating equipment--------- 147 216
Multiple ignition set 44_____________________________________________ 149 217
Radio detonating device B 1--------------------------------------------------------------- 148 216
Detonation, sympathetic________________________________________________ 3, 64, 73, 75 1, 79, 96,101
Detonator assembly 43__________________________________________________ 19, 21, 110 20, 21,159
Detonator, function____________________________________________________ 4 2
Development of German mine warfare equipment___________________________ 11 15
Development of mine warfare____________________________________________ 2 1
Drifting contact mines:
Improvised river mine______________________________________________ 118 175
Spherical drifting mine 41___________________________________________ 117 174
Druckziinder (See Fuzes; pressure.)
Dual purpose mines (See Mines; dual purpose.)
Dummy mines, definition________________________________________________ 5 9
D. Z. (See Fuzes; pressure.)
Electrical fuzes, functioning_____________________________________________ 4 2
Electrical-acoustic mine detecting devices:
Clockwork-fuze detecting set 41______________________________________ 138,139 206, 207
Mine gallery detector set 40__________________________________________ 135,138 189,206
Obstacle detector set 42_____________________________________________ 136 196
Portable mine detector set__________ ;________________________________ 137 206
Radio-fuze detecting set 42__________________________________________ 139 207
Vibration detector__________________________________________________ 140 209
Electric railway mine__________________________________________________ 116 170
Electric railway mine fuze______________________________________________ 116 170
Electrical S-mine fuze 40____________________________________________ :___ 26, 85 28,123
Elektrische S-minenziinder 40____________________________________________ 26, 85 28,123
Electronic mine detectors (See Detecting equipment; mine.)
Entlastungsmine______________________________________________________ 113 114
Entlastungziinder sofortziinder aus metal__________________________________ 110 159
Entlastungziinder sofortziinder metallfrei_________________________________ 111 161
Equipment traps:
Candy-bar booby trap_______________________________________________ 115 168
Canteen booby trap_________________________________________________ 115 168
Whistle booby trap_________________________________________________ 115 168
Erschiitterungsmine------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42,101 47,146
E. S.MiJZ. 40__________________________________________________________ 26, 85 28,123
E.Z. 44 also E.Z. SM2______________________________________ _ r_________ 110 159
E.Z. SF3_____________________________________________________________ 111 161
E. Z.SM 2 also E.Z. 44__________________________________________________ 110 159
Explosive mine-clearing devices:
Bombing_____________________________________________ i.__________ 146 215
Detonating-cord net________________________________________________ 146 215
Mobile bangalore torpedo____________________________________________ 146 215
Shelling-------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 146 215
Firing chain of a mine------------------------------------------------ ______________ x.___ 4 2
F. I.Z. SM-12_______________________________________________________ — 11, 58,59 15, 66, 67
Flascheneismine 42----------------------------------------------------------------- -------------- 42,101 47,146
Frankfurt 42 mine detector______________________________________________ 126 180
Fl. Es.Mi. 42__________________________________________________________ 42,101 47,146
Frequency-induction fuze SM-12-------------------------------------------------------------- 11, 58, 59 15, 66, 67

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Frequenzinduktionziinder SM-12, F.I.Z. SM-12-------------------------------------- 11,58,59 15, 66, 67

Friction fuzes (See Fuzes; pull and Fuzes; pressure.)
Friction-pressure fuze__________________________________________________ 14 16
Fuse lighter 29__ :_____________________________________________________ 48,88 54,129
Fuse lighter 39________________________________________________________ 49 55
Fuze, Electric railway mine_____________________________________________ 116 170
Fuzes:
Chemical-electrical, functioning______________________________________ 4
Clockwork and chemical delay: ! '
Chemical-mechanical time delay fuze 41W--------------------------------------- 11, 55 15, 60
Chemisch-mechanischer Zeitziinder 41W; C.M.Z. 41W------------------------ 11,55 15, 60
Employment---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54 60
5-minute clockwork delay fuzes----------------------------------------------------- 56,100 61,145
21-day clockwork delay fuze, J. Feder 504---------------------------------------- 57 63
Uhrwerkziinder, J. Feder 504------------------------------------------------------- 57 63
Use by Germans in World War II------------------------------------------------- 54 60
Zeitziinder Fur F, Spriih Biichse 37 Zeitziinder--------------------------------- 56,100 61,145
Definition_________________________________________________________ 3 1
Friction-pressure fuze______________________________________________ 14 16
Induction fuze:
Development by Russians and Germans------------------------------------------ 14,58 16, 66
Frequency-induction fuze SM-12----------------------------------------- — 11, 58, 59 15, 66, 67
Initiating action___________________________________________________ 4 2
Internal actions___________________________________________________ 4 2
Italian pressure friction fuze------------------------------------------------------------- 108 156
Neutralizing, general_______________________________________________ 9 12
**
Pressure:
Bosseziinder___________________________________________________ 14 16
Bosseziinder SF 6---------------------------------------------------------------------- 29, 97 32,140
Buck chemical fuze_____________________________________________ 28, 74, 89,90, 32, 99,131,133,
97,103,104 140,152, 153
Chemischer Ziinder, Buck_______________________________________ 28, 74, 89, 90, 32, 99,131,133,
97,103,104 140,152, 153
Chemical fuze SF 18____________________________________________ 31, 97 35,140
Druckziinder 35; D.Z. 35________________________________________ 24, 40, 78, 26, 45,106,
79, 80,105 109,153
Druckziinder SF 6; D.Z. SF 6------------------------------------------ ------------ 29, 97 32,140
Druckziinder SF 18; D.Z. SF 18---------------------------------------------------- 31,97 35,140
Electrical S-mine fuze 40---------------------------------------------------- -r----- ■- 26, 85 28,123
Elektrische S-Minenziinder 40; E.S.Mi.Z. 40------------------------------------ 26, 85 28,123
Friction fuze SF 6--------------------------------------------------------------------- 29, 97 32,140
Hebelziinder 44________________________________________________ 27,97 30,140
Impact fuze PX-32-------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 24
Knickziinder 43/1; Kn.Z. 43/1------------------------------------------------------ 17,18, 21, 69, 18, 21, 89, 92,
70, 75, 84 101,118
Knickziinder 43/11; Kn.Z. 43/11---------------------------------------------------- 17,19, 20, 69 18, 20, 21, 89, 92,
70, 75, 84 101,118
Knickziinder 43 (Kurtz); Kn.Z. 43________________________________ 17, 20 18, 29
Knickziinder 43 (Wasserdicht); Kn.Z. 43------------------------------------- 17, 21 18, 21
Lever fuze 44__________________________________________________ 27,97 30,14Q
Pressure fuze 35_______________________________________________ 24, 40, 78, 26, 45,107,
79, 80,105 109,153
Schlagziinder PX-32___________________________________________ 23 24
Schiitzen-Kustenminenziinder SF 18, S.Kst.Mi.Z. SF 18------------------ 31,97 35,140
S-mine fuze 35_________________________________________________ 25, 85, 101, 107 27,123,146,155
S-Minenziinder 35; S.Mi.Z. 35____________________________________ 25, 85, 101, 107 27,123,146,155
Snap fuze 43/1------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17,18, 21, 69, 18, 21, 89, 92,
70, 75, 84 101,118
Snap fuze 43/11------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17,19, 20, 69, 18, 20,21,89,92,
70, 75, 84 101,118-
Snap fuze 43 (Short)------------------------------------ ---------------------------- 17, 20 18, 21.

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Fuzes—Continued
Pressure—Continued
Snap fuze 43 (Waterproof)______________________________________ 17,21 18,21
Tellermine fuze 35_____________________________________________ 15, 62, 63 16,73, 75
Tellermine fuze 42________________ 1___________________________ 16,33, 63, 64, 18,35, 75,79,
65, 68, 69 82, 89
Tellerminenziinder 35; T.Mi.Z. 35_________________________________ 15, 62, 63 16, 73, 75
Tellerminenziinder 42; T.Mi.Z. 42________________________________ 16,33, 63, 64, 18, 35, 75, 79,
65, 68, 69 82, 89
Topfmine fuze SF 1____________________________________________ 30, 31, 75 34, 35,101
Topfminenziinder; To.Mi.Z. SF 1_________________________________ 30, 31, 75 34, 35,101
Weissmann pressure and impact fuze______________________________ 22 22
Weissmann Druck-Und-Schlagziinder _____________________________ 22 22
Pressure, pressure-release:
Tellermine fuze 43--------------------------------------------------------------------- 32, 33,34, 63, 35,36,75,79,
' 64, 65, 68 82, 89
Tellermine fuze 44_____________________________________________ 32, 34 35, 36
Tellerminenziinder 43; T.Mi.Z. 43_________________________________ 32, 33, 34, 63, 35, 36, 75, 79,
64, 65, 68 82, 89
Tellerminenziinder 44; T.Mi.Z. 44_________________________________ 32,34 35,36
Pressure-pull:
Kippziinder 43A; Ki.Z. 43A____________________ •_________________ 38, 39, 75, 84 40, 43,101,118
Kippzunder 43B; Ki.Z. 43B______________________________________ 39, 75, 84 43,101,118
Mechanical-delay tilt assembly___________________________________ 40 45
Pressure-pull fuze 29___________________________________________ 36, 61 38, 71
S-mine fuze 44_________________________________________________ 37, 86 40,126
S-Minenziinder 44; S-Mi.Z. 44____________________________________ 37, 86 40,126
Tilt fuze 43A__________________________________________________ 38, 39, 68, 84 40, 43, 89,118
Tilt fuze 43B__________________________________________________ 39,68,84 43, 89,118
Zug-Und-Druckziinder 29; Z.D.Z. 29______________________________ 36, 61 38, 71
Pull:
Brennziinder Ei; B.Z.E_________________________________________ 47, 49 50, 55
Friction fuzes for stick grenades________________ -________________ 50 56
Friction fuze, West_____________________________________________ 51 57
Fuse lighter 29________________________________________________ 48,88 54,129
Fuse lighter 39________________________________________________ 49 55
Pull fuze 35___________________________________________________ 44,53, 85, 48, 58,123,
87, 93 128,135
Pull fuze 35, modified___________________________________________ 45, 52 50,58
Pull fuze for egg grenades_______________________________________ 47, 49 50,55
Pull fuze Z.Z__________________________________________________ 46 50
Reibziinder, West__________ 51 57
Zugziinder____________________________________________________ 46 50
Zugziinder 35__________________________________________________ 44, 53,85, 48, 58,123,
87,93 128,135
Zug-Und-Zerschneiderziinder 35 Umgeandert; Z.u.Z.Z. 35_____________ 45, 52 50,58
Zundschnuranziinder 29; ZDSCHN. ANZ. 29_______________________ 48, 88 54,129
Zundschnuranziinder 39; ZDSCHN. ANZ. 39_______________________ 49 55
Pull, tension-release:
Pull, tension-release fuze 35__________________ ___________ 45, 52 50,58
Zug-Und-Zerschneiderziinder 35; Z.u.Z.Z. 35____ .___________ 45, 52 50, 58
Pull, pressure, tension-release:
Pull fuze 42----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11, 20, 41, 42, 15, 21, 47, 85, 87,
•. 66, 67, 71, 72, 73, 76, 69, 94, 96,105,
81, 87, 92, 94, 111, 128,134,
96, 98,101 136,142,146
Zugziinder 42; Z.Z. 42------------------------------------------------- - ------------- 11, 20, 41, 42, 15, 21, 47, 85, 87,
66, 67, 71, 72, 73, 76, 69, 94, 96,105,
81,87,92, 94, 111, 128,134,
96,98,101 136,142,146
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 Paragraphs Page

Gallery detector set 40, mine_____________________________________________ 135,138 189, 206

German minefield markers______________________________________________ 143 213
German mine warfare equipment, introduction to----------------------------------------- 11 15
Geschossminen________________________________ _______________________ 42, 51, 81 47, 57, 111
Glass mine 43; also coastal mine----------------------------- ---------------------------------- 27, 28,29, 31,97 30, 32, 35,140
Gl.Mi. 43_____________________________________________________________ 27, 28,29,31,97 30, 32,35,140
Grenade mine, E-5________________ :____________________________________ 28,104 32,153
Grenade, stick; friction fuzes for:
24----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 56
38 _______________________________________________________________ 50 56
39 _______________________________________________________________ 50 56
39 (modified)_____________________________________________________ 50 56
Hand neutralizing of activated mines_____________________________________ 109 158
Hebelzunder 44________________________________________________________ 27, 97 30,140
Heterodyne type mine detector------------------------------------------------------------ 125,128,129,130,131 180,185,186
H.Mi.42______________________________________________________________ 42,71 47, 94
Hohllandungsmine_____________________________________________________ 69 89
Hohl-Sprung Mine 4672_________________________________________________ 84 118
Hollow charge mine____________________________________________________ 69 89
Hollow charge mine 4672, hounding----------------------------------------------------------- 84 118
Holzmine 42---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42, 71 47, 94
Holzmine V.B.Mi.l____________________________________________________ 42, 72 47, 96
Ice mine impact fuze___________________________________________________ 101 146
Ice mine or bottle mine 42_______________________________________________ _ 42,101 47,146
Ignition set, multiple___________________________________________________ 149 217
Impact fuze PX-32_____________________________________________________ 23 24
Improvised antilifting device for antitank mines____________________________ 114 167
Improvised antipersonnel mines (See Mines; improvised antipersonnel).
Improvised antitank mines (See Mines; improved antitank).
Improvised mines, definition of___________________________________________ 5 9
Improvised river mine__________________________________________________ 118 175
Induction bridge type mine detector_______________________________________ 125,126,127 180,183
Induction fuzes:
Development of by Russians and Germans----------------------- --------------------- 14, 58 16, 65
Frequency-induction fuze SM-12-------------------------------------------------------- 11, 58, 59 15, 65, 67
Initial action__________________________________________________________ 12 15
Initiating action of fuzes________________________________________________ 4 2
Introduction to German mine warfare equipment------------------------------------------ 11 15
Italian four-fuze mine__________________________________________________ 108 156:
Italian pressure friction fuze------------------------------------------------------------------- 108 156.
J. Feder 504, 21-day clockwork delay fuze_________________________________ 57 63-
Kippziinder 43A----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38, 39, 75, 84 40, 43, 101,118;
Kippziinder 43B----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39, 75, 84 43,101,118.
Ki.Z. 43A_____________________________________________________________ 38, 39, 75, 84 40, 43,101,118;
Ki.Z. 43B_____________________________________________________________ 39, 75, 84 43,101,118:
Kn.Z (See Fuzes; pressure, snap.)
Knallnetz____________________________________________________________ 146 215.
Knickziinder (See Fuzes; pressure, snap.)
Kugeltreibmine 41-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 117 174-
K.Tr.Mi.41___________________________________________________________ 117 174
Laying, marking, and recording equipment:
Equipment________________________________________________________ 6 10 =
German mine-field markers__________________________________________ 143 213:
Mine-spacing wire--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 142 211
Leichte Panzermine------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 83 116:
Lever fuze 44_________________ ------------------------------------------------------------ 27, 97 30,140
Light antitank mine------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 83 116:

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Lighter 29, fuse_______________________________________________________ 48, 88 54,129
Lighter 39, fuse_______________________________________________________ 49 55
L.Pz.Mi______________________________________________________________ 83 116
Lowedel-Gerat mine detector_____________________________________________ 132 187
Markers, mine-field____________________________________________________ 143 213
Mechanical-chemical fuze:
Definition________________________________________________________ 4 2
Time delay fuze, 41W_______________________________________________ 11, 55 15, 60
Mechanical-delay tilt assembly___________________________________________ 40 45
Mechanical fuze, definition______________________________________________ 4 2
Methods of neutralizing fuzes____________________________________________ 9 12
Minensuchstab 39______________________________________________________ 124 180
Mines:
Activating____________________ 3 1
Antipersonnel:
Antipersonnel clay mine_________________________________________ 42, 98 47,142
Behelfs-Schiitzenmine A 200__________________________________ '__ 28, 89 32,131
Behelfs-Schiitzenmine S 150______________________________________ 28, 90 32,133
Bounding gas mine 37___________________________________________ 56,100 61.145
Bottle mine 42_________________________________________________ 42,101 47.146
Concrete ball mine____________________________ ._________________ 88 129
Concrete stake mine____________________________________________ 11, 44, 45, 87 15, 48, 50,128
Erschutterungs mine .1________________________________________ 42,101 47,146
Flascheneismine 42; Fl.Es.Mi.42__________________________________ 42,101 47,146
Glass mine 43; also coastal mine__________________________________ 27, 28, 29, 31,97 30, 32, 35,140
Ice mine 42------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42,101 47,146
Plastic-can mine_______________________________________________ 99 142
Pot mine A 200________________________________________________ 28, 89 32,131
Pot mine S 150_________________________________________________ 28,90 32,133
S-mine 35 (Bounding shrapnel mine)______________________________ 25,26,44,45, 27, 28, 48, 50,
85, 86 123,126
S-mine 44 (Bounding shrapnel mine)______________________________ 37,86 40,126
Schii’mine 42---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11,42, 91, 92 15, 47,134
Schii’mine 44---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11,44,91,93 15, 48,134,135
Schii’mine, 400-gram____________________________________________ 11, 42, 91, 94 15, 47,134,136
Schiitzendosenmine Kunststoff; Schii.D.Mi.K_______________________ 99 142
Spriihbuchse 37; Sp.Bu.37_______________________________________ 100 145
Stockmine; Sto.Mi______________________________________________ 11, 44, 45, 87 15, 48, 50,128
Wooden block mine, type A______________________________________ 95 137
Wooden block mine, type B_______________________________________ 96 139
Antitank:
Antitank clay mine_____________________________________________ 42, 76 47,105
Antitank Schnellmine, type A____________________________________ 42, 73 47,96
Antitank Schnellmine, type B____________________________________ 28, 74 32,102
Antitank stake mine 43__________________________________________ 70 92
Bar mine 17.6 pound____________________________________________ 42, 67 47, 87
Bar mine 43----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20, 42, 66, 67 21, 45, 85, 87
Bar mine 44___________________________________________________ 68 89
Hohlladungsmine______________________________________________ 69 89
Hollow charge mine________________________________ '___________ 69 89
Holzmine 42; H.Mi.42___________________________________________ 42, 71 47, 94
Holzmine V.B.Mi.l_____________________________________________ 42, 72 47, 96
Panzer stab mine 43; Pz.Stab Mi. 43_______________________________ 70 92
Plate mines (See Mines, antitank, Tellermines.) 5•
Pot mines (See Mines; antitank, Topfmines.)
Riegelmine 43; R-Mine 43; R.Mi.43_______________________________ 20,42, 66, 67 21,47, 85, 87
Riegelmine 44; R.Mi.44_________________________________________ 68 89
Sprengriegelmine 8 Kilogram; Sp.R-mine 8 Kg; Sp.R. 8Kg___________ 42, 67 47, 87
Tellermines:
Activating_________________________________________________ 44,109 48,158

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Mines—Continued
Antitank—Continued
Tellermines—Continued Paragraphs Page
29, T-5________________________________'----------------------------- 36,45, 61,109 38, 50, 71,158
- 35__________________ -—————————— 15,45, 61, 62, 16, 50, 71, 73,
63, 64,109 75, 79,158
35 (steel)_________________________________________________ 16,33,34,45, 18, 35, 36, 50,
63, 64,109 75, 79,158
42 __________ _____________________________________________ 16, 33, 34, 45, 18,35,36,50,
64.109 79,158
43 (mushroom)____________________________________________ 16, 33, 34, 45, 18,35,36, 50,
65.109 79,158
Topfmines: ,
A________________J______________________________________ 30, 75,133 34,101,188
B________ ________________________________________________ 30, 75,133 34,101,188
C________________________________________________________ 30,75,133 34,101,188
Wooden-box mine 42____________________________________________ 42, 71 47, 94
Wooden-box mine V.B._____ _____________________________________ 42, 72 47,96
Antivehicular, definition____________________________________________ 5 9
Clearing equipment (See Clearing equipment, mine.)
Danger area__ ____________________________________________________ 3 1
Definition_________________________________________________________ 3 1
Detecting equipment for (See Detecting equipment, mine.)
Detonating equipment, remote control_________________________________ 147,148,149 216, 217
Drifting contact:
Improvised river mine__________________________________________ K 118 175
Spherical drifting mine 41_______________________________________ 117 174
Dual purpose:
Bounding hollow charge mine 4672________________________________ 84 118
Definition_____________________________________________________ 5 9
Hohl-Sprung Mine 4672_________________________________________ 84 118
Leichtepanzermine; L.Pz.Mi_____________________________________ 83 116
Light antitank mine____________________________________________ 83 116
Dummy, definition_________________________________________________ 5 9
Effective casualty radius------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 1
Employment of, individual---------------------------------------------------------------- 61,108 71,156
Firing chain______________________________________________________ 4 2
Functioning of, individual----------------------------------------------------------------- 61,108 71,156
Impact fuze, Finnish ice____________________________________________ 21 21
Improvised:
Antipersonnel:
Antipersonnel mine E-5_____________________________________ 28 32
Antipersonnel mine W-l_______________ i------------------------------- 28,103 32.152
Antiskier mine (Skimine)----------------------------------------------------- 25 27
Behelfsmine E-5___________________________________________ 28,104 32.153
Behelfs Brettstiickmine_____________________________________ 102,105 152,153
Behelfs-Schiitzenmine W-l__________________________________ 28,103 32.152
Grenade mine E-S__________________________________________ 28,104 32.153
Plastic-explosive mine______________________________________ 108 156
Ration-can mine------------------------------------------------------------------ 102,106 152,155
Skimine__________________________________________________ 107 155
Tin-can mine------------------ ;--------------------------------------------------- 106 155
Tread mine________________________________________________ 102,105 152,153
Antitank:
Aluminum mine____________________________________________ 16, 78 18,107
Geschossminen_____________________________________________ 42, 51, 81 47, 57, 111
Panzerfaust antitank mine----------------------------------------------------- 82 113
Ramp mine________________________________________________ 80 109
Shell mines_______________________________________________ 42, 51, 81 47, 57, 111
Wooden-box mines__________________________________________ 79 109
General______________________________________________________ 77 107

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Mines—Continued
Improvised—Continued
Laying, marking, and recording equipment:
German minefield markers___________________________________ 143 213
Mine-spacing wire__________________________________________ 142 211
Railway:
Electric railway mine_______________________________________ 116 170
Spacing wire_____ ._____________________________________________ 142 211
'' Terminology__________________________________________________ 3 1
Training:
Definition_________________________________________________ 5 9
Training S-mine___________________________________________ 119,121 177,178
Training stake mine________________________________________ 119,122 177,178
Training Tellermine 35__________ ___________________________ 119,120 177,178
Mobile bangalore torpedo_______________________________________________ 146 215
Multiple ignition set 44____________________________________________ 149 217
Mustard pot or Pot mine A 200___________________________________________ 28,89 32,131
Neptun mine detector__________________________________________________ 128,129, 130 185
Nipolite pressure-release antilifting device________________________________ 112 162
Obstacle detector set 42______________________________ 136 196
Panzerf aust antitank mine, improvised_________________ -_________________ 82 113
Panzer mines (See Mines, antitank.)
Percussion cap________________ 4 2
Plastic-can mine_______________________________________________________ 99 142
Plastic-explosive mine__________________________________________________ 108 156
Plate mines (See Tellermines.)
Portable mine detector set_______________________________________________ 137 206
Pot mine A 200________________________________________________________ 28, 89 32,131
Pot mine S 150________________________________________________________ 28, 90 32,133
Pot mines (See Mines, antitank, Topfmines.)
Pressure fuzes (See Fuzes, pressure.)
Pressure, pressure-release fuzes (See Fuzes, pressure, pressure-release.)
Pressure-pull fuzes (See Fuzes, pressure-pull.)
Pressure-release antilifting device SM 2___________________________________ 110 159
Pressure-release antilifting device SF 3__________________________________ _ 111 161
Probes, mine (See Detecting equipment, mine.)
Pull fuzes (See Fuzes, pull.)
Pull-pressure fuze 29___________________________________________________ 36, 61 38, 71
Pull, tension-release fuze 35_______________ ______________________________ 45, 52, 53 50,58
Pull, pressure, tension release fuze 42 (See fuzes, pull, pressure, tension-release.)
PX-32 impact fuze_____________________________________________________ 23 24
Pz.Stab Mi. 43_________________________________________________________ 70 92
Radio detonating device B 1------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 148 216
Radio-fuze detecting set 42------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 139 207
Railway mines: •
Electric railway mine----------------------------------------------------------------------- 116 170
Ramp mine___________________________________________________________ 80 109
Ration-can mine_______________________________________________________ 102,106 152,155
Reibziinder_______________________________________________ 51 57
Riegelmine 43_________________________________________________________ 20, 42, 66 21, 47, 85
Riegelmine 44_________________________________________________________ 68 89
River mine, improvised_________________________________________________ 118 175
R.Mi.43------------------------------------------------------- --------- ---------------------------- 20, 42, 66 21,47, 85
R.Mi.44__________________________________________ 2__ ___________ '____ 68 89
Roller, mine, 3001______________________________________________________ 145 214
Remote control detonating equipment_____________________________________ 147,148,149 216, 217
Schlagziinder PX-32___________________________________________________ 23 24
Schnellmine type A, antitank____________________________________________ 42, 73 47,96

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Schnellmine type B, antitank------------------------------------------------------------------- 28, 74 32,99

Schii.D.Mi.K__________________________________________________________ 99 142
Schu’mine 42__________________________________________________________ 11, 91, 92 15,134
Schu’mine 44__________________________________________________________ 11,44,91,93 15, 48,134,135
Schu’mine 400-gram____________________________________________________ 11,91,94 15,134,136
Schiitzen-Kiistenmine__________________________________________________ 27, 28, 29, 31, 97 30, 32, 35,140
Schiitzendosenmine Kiinststoff___________________________________________ 99 142
Schiizen-Kustenminenziinder SF 18_______________________________________ 31,97 35.140
SCR-625 mine detector_________________________________________________ 59, 75 67.101
SF 1 Topfmine fuze____________________________________________________ 30, 75 34.101
SF 6 friction fuze______________________________________________________ 29, 97 32.140
SF 18 chemical fuze___________________________________________________ 31, 97 35.140
Shelling______________ _______________________________________________ 146 215
Shell mines___________________________________________________________ 42, 51, 81 47, 57, 111
Shoe mines (See mines, antipersonnel, Schii’.)
Skimine______________________________________________________________ 25,107 27,155
S.Kst.Mi_____________________________________________________________ 27, 28, 29, 31, 97 30, 32, 35,140
S.Kst.Mi.Z SF 18______________________________________________________ 31, 97 35,140
SM-12_______________________________________________________________ 11,58, 59 15, 66, 67
S.Mi.35______________________________________________________________ 25, 26, 44, 45, 27, 28, 48, 50,
85, 86 123,126
S.Mi.44______________________________________________________________ 37,45,86 40, 50,126
S-mine 35 (bounding shrapnel mine)______________________________________ 25, 26, 44, 45, 27, 28, 48, 50,
85, 86 123,126
S-mine 44 (bounding shrapnel mine)______________________________________ 37,45,86 40, 50,126
S-mine fuzes (See Fuzes, pressure and Fuzes, pressure-pull.)
S-Minenziinder (See Fuzes, pressure and Fuzes, pressure-pull.)
S. Mi.Z. (See Fuzes, pressure and Fuzes, pressure-pull.)
Smoke-grenade fuze 24_________________________________________________ 50 56
Snap fuzes (See Fuzes, pressure, snap.)
Spacing wire, mine____________________________________________________ 142 211
Sp.Bu.37___________________________________________ 1-------------------------- 100 145
Sperrenhorchgerat 42__________________________________________________ 136 196
Spherical drifting mine 41__________________________________________ 117 174
Sp.R. 8Kg____________________________________________________________ 42,'67 47, 87
Sprengriegelmine, 8 kilogram____________________________________________ 42, 67 47, 87
Spruhbuchse 37_______________________________________________________ 56,100 61,145
Stab Mi.43____________________________________________________________ 70 92
Stab Mine 43, panzer___________________________________________________ 70 92
Stake mine 43, antitank_________________________________________________ 70 92
Stake mine, concrete___________________________________________________ 11, 44,45,87 15, 48, 50,128
Stick grenade friction fuzes_____________________________________________ 50 56
Stockmine______ _____________________________________________________ 11, 44, 45, 87 15, 48, 50,128
Stollenhorchgerat 40------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 135 189
Sto.Mi_______________________________________________________________ 11, 44, 45, 87 15, 48, 50,128
Stuttgart 43 mine detector______________________________________________ 133 188
Sucheisen____________________________________________________________ 123 179
Sympathetic detonation_________________________________________________ 3, 64, 73, 75 1, 79, 96,101

Tables:
I. Component parts of the mine gallery detector set 40-------------------------- 135 189
II. Component parts of the obstacle detector set 42--------------------------------- 136 196
Tarnsand____________________________________________________________ 125,133 180,188
Tellermine fuzes (See Fuzes, pressure and Fuzes, pressure, pressure-release.)
Tellerminenzunder (See Fuzes, pressure and Fuzes, pressure, pressure-release.)
Tellermines (See Mines, antitank.)
Templehof mine detector________________________________________________ 131 186
Tilt fuze 43A______________ ,--------------------------------------------------------------- 38, 39, 75, 84 40,43,101,118
Tilt fuze 43B__________________________________________________________ 39,75,84 43,101,118
T. Mi. (See Mines, antitank.)

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T.Mi.Z. (See Fuzes, pressure and Fuzes, pressure, pressure-release.)
To.Mi. (See Mines, antitank.)
To.Mi.Z. SF 1_________________________________________________________ 30, 75 34,101
Topfmine fuze SF 1____________________________________________________ 30, 31, 75 30, 34,101
Topfminenziinder______________________________________________________ 30, 31, 75 30, 34,101
Topfmines (See Mines, antitank.)
Training mines:
Definition_________________________________________________________ 5 9
Teller mine 35________________________________ '_____________________ 119.120 177,178
S-mine___________________________________________________________ 119.121 177,178
Stake mine_______________________________________________________ 119.122 177,178
Tread mine___________________________________________________________ 102,105 152,153
Ubungs (See Training mines.)
Uhrwerkziinder, J. Feder 504____________________________________________ 57 63
Vibration detector_____________________________________________________ 140 209
Weissmann Druck-Und-Schlagziinder_____________________________________ 22 22
Weissmann pressure and impact fuze_____________________________________ 22 22
West, friction fuze_____________________________________________________ 51 57
Wien 41 mine detector__________________________________________________ 126,127 180,183
Wooden antilifting device_______________________________________________ 113 164
Wooden-block mine, type A___________________________ x_________________ 95 137
Wooden-block mine, type B___ __________________________________________ 96 139
Wooden box mine 42, antitank_ i_________________________________________ 42,71 47,94
Wooden box mine V.B., antitank__________________________________________ 42, 72 47, 96
Wooden box mines, improvised antitank___________________________________ 79 109
ZDSCHN. ANZ 29_____________________________________________________ 48, 50, 88 54, 56,129
ZDSCHN. ANZ 39_____________________________________________________ 49 55
Z.D.Z. 29_____________________________________________________________ 36, 61 38, 71
Zeitziinder Fur F, Spruh Biichse 37 Zietziinder_____________________________ 56,100 61,145
Zug-Und-Druckziinder 29_______________________________________________ 36, 61 38, 71
Zug-Und-Zerschneiderziinder 35__________________________________________ 45, 53, 83, 50, 58,116,
85,107 123,155
Zug-Und-Zerschneiderziinder 35 Umgeandert______________________________ 45, 52 50, 58
Zugziinder____________________________________________________________ 46 50
Zugziinder 35______ -__________________________________________________ 44, 53, 85, 87, 48, 58,123,128,
93 135
Zugziinder 42_________________________________________________________ 11,20,41,42, 15, 21, 47, 85,
66, 67, 71, 72, 87,94,96,105,
73, 76, 81, 87, .1,128,134,136,
92, 94, 96, 98,101 139,142,146
Ziinder-Sprengkapsel 43________________________________________________ 19, 21,110 20, 21,159
Zundschnuranziinder 29________________________________________________ 48, 50, 88 54, 56,129
Zundschnuranziinder 39________________________________________________ 49 55
Z.u.Z.Z. 35 fuze________________________________________________________ 45, 52,53, 83, 50, 58, 116,
85.107 123.155
Z.u.Z.Z. 35 (modified) fuze__________________________________ ’___________ 45, 52 50, 58
Z.Z. fuze_____________________________________________________________ 46 50
Z.Z. 35 fuze _________________ ;______________________________ 44, 53, 85, 87, 48, 58,123,128,
» 93.107 135.155
Z.Z. 42 fuze___________________________________________________________ 11, 20,41,42, 15, 21, 47, 85,
66, 67, 71, 72, 87, 94, 96,105,
73, 76, 81, 87, LI, 128,134,136,
92, 94, 96, 98,101 139,142,146

☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1952-----951106

AGO 2754A 237

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