UNIT 6 – GENDER EQUALITY

I. VOCABULARY
STT TỪ VỰNG PHIÊN ÂM TỪ NGHĨA
LOẠI
1 Kindergarten /'kɪndəga:tn/ n nhà trẻ
2 Adorable /ə'dɔ:rə.bəl/ a đáng yêu
3 Fantastic /fæn'tæstik/ a tuyệt vời; rất tốt
4 Equal /'i:kwəl/ a bằng nhau
Equality /iˈkwɒl.ə.ti/ n sự bình đẳng
Equalize /ˈiː.kwə.laɪz/ v làm cho bằng nhau
5 Opportunity /ˌɑː.pɚˈtuː.nə.t̬i/ n cơ hội
6 Surgeon /'sə:dʒən/ n bác sĩ phẫu thuật
7 Age /eɪdʒ/ n tuổi
Aging /'eɪ.ʤɪŋ/ n sự lão hóa
Aged /eɪdʒd/ a trong độ tuổi
Ageless /'eɪdʒ.ləs/ a trẻ mãi không già
8 Gender /'dʒendə/ n giống (đực/cái)
9 Challenge /'tʃæl.ɪnʤ/ n/v thách thức, thử thách
10 Violence /'vaɪə.ləns/ n sự hung dữ, bạo lực
11 Victim /'viktɪm/ n nạn nhân
12 Domestic /də'mestɪk np bạo lực gia đình
violence 'vaɪə.ləns/
13 Child marriage /tʃaɪld 'mer.ɪʤ/ np tảo hôn
14 Low-paying /loʊ peɪ.ɪŋ/ a lương thấp
High- paying /haɪ peɪ.ɪŋ/ a lương cao
15 Individual /indɪ'vɪdjuəl/ n cá nhân
16 Persuade /pə'sweɪd/ v thuyết phục
Persuasion /pɚˈsweɪ.ʒən/ n sự thuyết phục
Persuasive /pɚˈsweɪ.sɪv/ a đầy thuyết phục
17 Flexible /'flek.sə.bəl/ a linh động; linh hoạt
Flexibility /ˌflek.səˈbɪl.ə.t̬i/ n tính mềm dẻo; tính linh hoạt
18 Working /'wɜ:.kɪŋ 'skeʤ.u:l/ np lịch trình làm việc
schedule
19 Parachutist /ˈper.əˌʃuː.t̬ɪst/ n người nhảy dù
Parachute /'pærəʃu:t/ n/v cái dù/ nhảy dù
20 Cosmonaut /'kɑ:z.mə.nɑ:t/ n nhà du hành vũ trụ
21 Significant /sig'nifikənt/ a đầy ý nghĩa; quan trọng,
Significance /sig'nifikəns/ n đáng kể
Significantly /sig'nɪfɪkəntli/ adv ý nghĩa, tầm quan trọng
có ý nghĩa, có tầm quan
trọng
22 Physical /'fɪzɪkəl/ a thân thể, vật chất
Physically /ˈfɪz.ɪ.kəl.i/ adv về mặt thể chất
Physics /'fɪzɪks/ n môn Vật lý
Physicist /'fɪz.ɪ.sɪst/ n nhà vật lý
 Physician /fi'zʧən/ n bác sĩ điều trị
23 Mental /'mentl/ a thuộc tâm thần
Mentality /menˈtæl.ə.t̬i/ n trí lực
Mentally /'men.təl.i/ adv về thần kinh

II. STRUCTURES
ST CẤU TRÚC NGHĨA
T
1 By the way nhân tiện
On the way đang trên đường
In the way cản trở, ngáng đường
2 Focus on tập trung
3 Come true thành hiện thực
4 Be allowed to do sth được phép làm gì
5 Be encouraged to do sth được khích lệ làm gì
6 Be lucky to do sth may mắn khi làm gì
7 I couldn’t agree more hoàn toàn đồng ý
8 Dream of doing sth = dream to do mơ ước làm gì
sth
9 Deal with giải quyết
10 Do/perform operations on sb thực hiện phẫu thuật cho ai
11 Take care of = look after chăm sóc
12 Be (un)able to do sth (không) có khả năng làm gì
13 Be forced to do sth = be made to do bị ép phải làm gì
sth
14 Give birth sinh ra, tạo ra
15 In other words nói cách khác
16 Earn/make money kiếm tiền
17 Tend to do sth có xu hướng làm điều gì
18 Be equal to sth bình đẳng, ngang bằng với
19 Take action to do sth hành động để làm gì
20 Intend to do sth có ý định làm gì
21 Lead to sth dẫn tới điều gì
22 Under pressure chịu áp lực
23 Mind doing sth ngại làm gì
24 Be suitable for sb/sth thích hợp với ai/cái gì
25 In fact trên thực tế
26 Take place diễn ra
27 Draw interests thể hiện sự quan tâm

III. PRACTICE EXERCISES

A. PHONETICS
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following
questions.
1. A. fighter B. arrive C. provide D. victim
2. A. woman B. promote C. social D. motion
3. A. education B. community C. receive D. secondly
4. A. equal B. back C. marry D. fantastic
5. A. laughter B. daughter C. tough D. enough
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other
three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. pilot B. airline C. fitness D. improve
2. A. medical B. exercise C. encourage D. equally
3. A. opportunity B. kindergarten C. beneficial D. celebration
4. A. equality B. physical C. important D. society
5. A. education B. operation C. engineering D. yesterday

B. VOCABULARY
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to
the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
1. There are still girls who are forced to get married before the age of 18.
A. overcome B. convinced C. compelled D. persuaded
2. Child marriage carries serious health risks as young girls are not physically
developed to give birth.
A. dangers B. chances C. certainty D. possibilities
3. Governments, organisations and individuals must work together to achieve gender
equality.
A. complete B. reach C. conclude D. realize
4. Men and women can perform long and tiring operations.
A. exhausting B. difficult C. tough D. painful
5. Men and women have the same abilities to learn and apply medical knowledge.
A. powerlessness B. weakness C. capabilities D. incompetence
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to
the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
1. Women’s professional football has developed significantly and the Women’s
World Cup has drawn worldwide interest.
A. greatly B. unremarkably C considerably D. meaningfully
2. The surgeon's job is traditionally done by men because women often can’t work
long hours.
A. historically B. contemporarily C. unusually D. normally
3. Nowadays, like men’s football, women's football is becoming more and more
popular.
A. famous B. approved C. well-liked D. unaccepted
4. Job adverts should not mention their ideal candidate’s qualifications.
A. imperfect B. model C. classic D. imaginary
5. A very experienced surgeon was able to rebuild his nose after the accident.
A. knowledgeable B. unqualified C. professional D. skilled
Give the correct forms of words in brackets.
1. She’ll work as a shop assistant because people often say that she has good
(PERSUADE) _____ skills.
2. Valentina Tereshkova joined a local flying club and became a talented
(PARACHUTE) _____.
3. Besides medical knowledge, a surgeon must have physical and (MENTALITY) _____
strength.
4. The first (RECORD) _____ football matches between women took place in the 1890s
in Scotland and England.
5. I’m proud of my sister. She's studying at a (MEDICINE) _____ school.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following sentences.
1. Parents shouldn't treat boys ______ from girls.
A. different B. differently C. difference D. indifferent
2. Gender equality has been greatly ______ around the world.
A. promote B. promoting C. promotion D. promoted
3. In many places, parents may see child ______ as a way to protect their daughters
from violence.
A. separation B. divorce C. marriage D. engagement
4. More than half of the world's ______ people are women. They had fewer chances to
go to school.
A. uneducated B. educate C. education D. educated
5. Many of the young girls becoming ______ of domestic violence suffer from mental
and physical damages.
A. preys B. survivors C. attackers D. victims
6. Girls who ______ an education are less likely to marry young and can also have
better job skills.
A. achieve B. receive C. persuade D. produce
7. Women tend to become nurses, secretaries, or shop assistants, which are ______
jobs while men choose others with more money.
A. low-cost B. low-down C. low-paying D. low-context
8. Women are still not ______ men in today’s society, governments, and organisations.
A. equal to B. equal with C. equal as D. equal for
9. Individuals must work together to achieve gender ______.
A. equal B. equally C. equalize D. equality
10. I believe I can work well ______ pressure and don’t mind working long hours.
A. on B. under C. beyond D. out
11. She joined the Soviet Air Force and became the first female pilot after ______ her
training and passing an examination.
A. completing B. to complete C. completion D. completely
12. She travelled ______ space at a very young age.
A. to B. into C. around D. from
13. Will people ______ from having both male and female surgeons?
A. beneficially B. benefits C. beneficial D. benefit
14. Like the men’s World Cup, the Women’s one has drawn worldwide ______.
A. interesting B. interested C. interests D. uninterested
15. The Men and Women's World Cup competitions ______ every four years.
A. take place B. take action C. take care D. take a
consideration
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions
1. ______ the way, what do you want to be in the future, Jack?
2. In some countries girls may not be allowed ______ be pilots.
3. It's lucky ______ live in a country where boys and girls are encouraged to do what
they want.
4. Many young girls dream ______ becoming flight attendants.
5. He tries to focus ______ study and exercising to improve his health.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction in each of the following questions.
1. Rose wants to be a teacher maths and physics in the future.
A B C D
2. Equally opportunities in education are important changes in society.
A B C D
3. A surgeon is a doctor who makes operations in a hospital.
A B C D
4. Some women are able to read or write because they are not allowed to go to
school.
A B C D
5. A child mother is kept at home and takes care for her small kids.
A B C D
C. GRAMMAR
1. Gender discrimination must ______ in order to create a better society.
A. eliminate B. be eliminating C. be eliminated D. eliminated
2. This company can ______ for wage discrimination among workers of different
genders.
A. be sued B. be suing C. sue D. sued
3. Poor women in disadvantaged areas should ______ more help by governments.
A. offer B. be offered C. be offering D. offered
4. A common reason that someone _____ more for similar work is because of his or her
experience or "length of service".
A. may be paid B. should not be paid C. can be paid D.
must be paid
5. True gender equality ____ when both men and women reach a balance between
work and family.
A. can achieve B. should been achieved C. can be achieved
D. should achieve
6. Child marriage ______ in several parts in the world because it limits access to
education and training.
A. must stop B. will being stopped C. must be stopped
D. can be stop
7. In order to reduce gender inequality in South Korean society, women ______ more
opportunities by companies.
A. will prove B. should provide
C. may be provid D. should be provided
8. Gender equality ______ only when women and men enjoy the same opportunities.
A. will achieve B. achieves C. achieve D. will be achieved
9. In Muslim countries, changes ______ to give women equal rights to natural or
economic resources, as well as access to ownership.
A. may make B. will make C. must be made D. can make
10. In Egypt, female students from disadvantaged families ______ scholarships to
continue their studies.
 A. will be given B. can have given C. may been given D. must be gave
11. Discrimination on the basis of gender ______ from workplaces.
A. should be removed B. must be remove
C. can been removed D. will have
removed
12. Working mothers should be ______ with respect due to their devotion.
A. treats B. treated C. was treating D. is treating
13. Women cannot be ______ to bear a boy by the law of UNICEF.
A. to force B. force C. forcing D. forced
14. In families, housework needs to be ______ more equally so that women have time
to relax and rest to avoid being exhausted by work and housework.
A. shares B. shared C. was sharing D. is sharing
15. It is proved that empowering women and girls can ______ economic growth and
development in terms of marketing.
A. promoted B. to promoted C. promote D. promoting

D. SPEAKING
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best completes
each of the following exchanges.
1. Lan is talking to Mark
Lan: It's great to have another week full of activities and trips at the camp.
Mark: ______
A. You’re right. B. I’m happy with that.
C. It will be a great idea. D. That’s for you.
2. Lan is talking to Mark
Lan: I think I’ll be a kindergarten teacher.
Mark: ______
A. Do it again. B. I'm not sure.
C. That's fantastic. D. You may find it easy.
3. Lan is talking to Mark
Lan: By the way, what do you want to be in the future?
Mark: ______
A. I always want to be rich. B. I like to play.
C. I have a lot of things to do now. D. I’ve always wanted to be a surgeon.
4. Lan is talking to Mark
Lan: I hope your dream will come true.
Mark: ______
A. Congratulations! B. Thank you.
C. I will. D. Nevermind.
5. Lan is talking to Mark
Lan: We’re lucky to live in a peaceful country.
Mark: ______
A. I don't agree with him. B. Let's see.
C. I couldn’t agree more. D. Watch your
mouth!

E. READING
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the
correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Gender equality is an essential human right that every person should be able to enjoy
(1) ______ of their gender. According to the United Nations, gender equality denotes
that "men and women have equal rights, responsibilities, and opportunities in all
spheres of life, (2) ______ economic participation and decision-making”. (3) ______,
historically, gender inequality has been prevalent in various societies worldwide,
leading to the marginalization of women from (4) ______ aspects of life, including
education, employment, and politics.
Gender equality is crucial (5) ______ promoting sustainable development in societies.
It is just and fair to provide equal opportunities for all genders and (6) ______ any
disparities based on gender. Gender discrimination prevents women and girls from
accessing education, health care, and economic opportunities, (7) ______ ultimately
leads to poverty and inequality.
(8) ______ organizations and governments have been working towards promoting
gender equality through various measures, including policy changes, increasing
resources and opportunities for women, and increasing awareness of gender (9)
______. Everyone has a role to (10) ______ in promoting gender equality and ensuring
that every person, regardless of gender, enjoys equal rights and opportunities.
(Adapted from https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/)
1. A. typical B. instead C. irrespective D. capable
2. A. including B. consisting C. comprising D. containing
3. A. Although B. However C. Additionally D. Therefore
4. A. some B. much C. little D. any
5. A. for B. as C. of D. like
6. A. eliminate B. abolish C. delete D. erase
7. A. which B. what C. when D. why
8. A. Much B. Many C. Another D. Almost
9. A. discriminate B. discriminating C. discrimination D.
discriminatory
10. A. own B. do C. take D. play
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions.
It is an undeniable fact that a woman’s place was once in the home. In the past,
women were merely required to fulfill the role of mother and housewife. Today, this
situation has changed tremendously. If a woman possesses the attributes and
qualities of her male counterpart, she will definitely be given equal opportunities in
the career world without much bias. Therefore, women began to make the scene and,
eventually, there was a steady flow of women leaving their homes. A certain vacuum
or emptiness was thus created in the households. No more could the husbands turn to
their wives after a hard day's work. Society marveled at the ability of women, but it
also suffered at the realization of the important role that women play in their homes.
Should women be allowed to work after marriage then? The answer is undoubtedly
positive although this issue is highly debatable in terms of the nature of the
professions involved. If a woman pursues her career but is at the same time able to
care for her home and children, one simply cannot find any reason why she should
not be allowed to do so.
A woman's influence is greatly needed in the home, on the children. What a child
needs most is his mother’s care because how the child is molded depends greatly on
her. It is a real pity that women who leave their homes solely in search of a career
seldom give a thought to this. The children, being helpless and dependent creatures,
may have nobody to turn to at home, except servants or relatives. With the mother’s
back only after a hard day’s toil, the children surely do not get much attention.
Whether a woman should continue to work after marriage would depend on the
nature of her profession. It is a waste of resources if women, after seeking higher
education, immediately abandon their careers after matrimony. A woman's effort
can also contribute to the well-being and development of society. In the Malaysian
context, a teacher is only required to work a five- day week with term holidays every
now and then. Moreover, she is in school for only half of the day. The other half of the
day can be devoted to her home. A teacher, besides educating society, can fulfill the
role of both mother and housewife. There are many other careers like those of nurses,
clerks and typists where women can fulfill the double role.
Nevertheless, there are many professions which would not be advisable for
women to indulge in after marriage. A public relations officer spends almost three-
quarters of her time in her career. She has heavy tasks to shoulder which might
require her to entertain others till odd hours at night. Women who venture into the
business world should think twice before plunging into it. It would be beyond their
means to fulfill two demanding roles at the same time.
As it is, a woman's most important responsibility still lies in her home. Without her
around in the house, one just cannot bear to think of the consequences. Unless and
until she can fulfill the basic role of a housewife and mother, she should not make a
career her sole responsibility.
(Source: http://www.englishdaily626.com)
11. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Should Women Be Allowed to Work after Marriage?
B. The Role of Women in Society
C. What Jobs Are Suitable for Women after Marriage?
D. The Necessary Characteristics for Women to Work after Marriage
12. Which of the following about women is NOT true in paragraph 1?
A. The main role of women in bygone days was childbearing and homemaking.
B. Women will have equality in job opportunities if they are as qualified as men.
C. Women's going out to work didn’t change anything in the life of their families.
D. Women play an important role in their homes.
13. The word "marveled” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by ______.
A. was amazed B. was excited C. was fascinated D. was frustrated
14. The word "this” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. the child of the woman
B. the woman's influence at her home
C. the mother’s care which is the most necessary for a child
D. the career that the woman wants to do.
15. The word "matrimony" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. divorce B. remarriage C. celibate D. marriage
16. According to the passage, what job is NOT suitable for women after getting
married?
A. nurses B. clerks
C. typists D. public relations officers
17. Why should a businesswoman have a second thought before starting her career?
A. Because she has heavy tasks to shoulder till very late at night.
B. As it would be hard for her to fulfil the double role at the same time.
C. Since she has to spend three-quarters of her time on business.
 D. Because she has to plunge into this job.
18. Which can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Women should stay at home to fulfill their responsibilities.
B. Women should think of the consequences in their houses.
C. Women should not have their own careers.
D. Women should fulfill their primary roles at home before making their own
careers.