Resource Section
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Fundamental Constants
Value
Power
Constant Symbol of 10 Units
Speed of light c 2.997 924 58a 108 m s1
Elementary e 1.602 176 634a 1019 C
charge
Planck’s h 6.626 070 15a 1034 Js
constant
¼ h/2p
h 1.054 571 817 1034 Js
Boltzmann’s k 1.380 649a 1023 J K1
constant
Avogadro’s NA 6.022 140 76a 1023 mol1
constant
Gas constant R ¼ NAk 8.314 462 618 J K1 mol1
Faraday’s F ¼ NAe 9.648 533 21 104 C mol1
constant
Mass
Electron me 9.109 383 7015 1031 kg
Proton mp 1.672 621 923 69 1027 kg
Neutron mn 1.674 927 498 04 1027 kg
Concepts in Physical Chemistry: 2nd Edition
By Peter Atkins
r Peter Atkins 2024
Published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, www.rsc.org
363
364 Resource Section
(Continued)
Value
Power
Constant Symbol of 10 Units
27
Atomic mass mu 1.660 539 066 60 10 kg
constant
m0 106 J s2 C2 m1
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Magnetic 1.256 637 062 12
constant
(vacuum
permeability)
Electric e0 ¼ 1=m0 c2 8.854 187 8128 1012 J1 C2 m1
constant
(vacuum
permittivity)
4pe0 1.112 650 056 1010 J1 C2 m1
Bohr magneton mB ¼ eh
/2me 9.274 010 0783 1024 J T1
Nuclear mN ¼ eh
/2mp 5.050 783 7461 1027 J T1
magneton
Proton mp 1.410 606 797 36 1026 J T1
magnetic
moment
g-Factor of ge 2.002 319 304 362 56
electron
Magnetogyric
ratio
Electron ge ¼ gee/2me 1.760 859 630 23 1011 T1 s1
Proton gp ¼ 2mp/h
2.675 221 8744 108 T1 s1
Bohr radius a0 ¼ 4pe0h
2/e2me 5.291 772 109 03 1011 m
Rydberg R~N ¼ mee4/ 1.097 373 1568 105 cm1
constant 8h3ce02
hcR~N/e 13.605 693 12 eV
Fine-structure a ¼ m0e2c/2h 7.297 352 5693 103
constant
a1 1.370 359 990 084 102
Stefan– s ¼ 2p5k4/15h3c2 5.670 374 419 108 W m2 K4
Boltzmann
constant
Resource Section 365
(Continued)
Value
Power
Constant Symbol of 10 Units
2
Second c2 ¼ hc/k 1.438 776 877 10 m K1
radiation
constant
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Standard g 9.806 65a m s2
acceleration
of free fall
Gravitational G 6.674 30 1011 N m2 kg2
constant
a
Exact, defined value.
Greek Alphabeta
A, a alpha I, i iota P, r rho
B, b beta K, k kappa S, s sigma
G, g gamma L, l lambda T, t tau
D, d delta M, m mu Y, u upsilon
E, e epsilon N, n nu F, f phi
Z, z zeta X, x xi X, w chi
H, Z eta O, o omicron C, c psi
Y, y theta P, p pi O, o omega
a
Oblique versions (a, b, . . .) are used to denote physical observables.
SI Prefixes
y z a f p n m m c d
yocto zepto atto femto pico nano micro milli centi deci
1024 1021 1018 1015 1012 109 106 103 102 101
Da h k M G T P E Z Y
deca hecto kilo mega giga tera peta exa zetta yotta
10 102 103 106 109 1012 1015 1018 1021 1024
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366 Resource Section
Periodic Table of the Elements
