Model Activity Sheet Solution
(Science and Technology Part - 1)
Note: Answer to every main question must be written on a new page.
Q.1. (A)
i. (C)
ii. (C)
Hint: In option (C),
m m Gm2
G 2
F =
2 2 4 = Gm = F
=
d / 2 d2
2
d2
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iii. (D)
iv. (B)
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v. (B)
Q.1. (B)
i. Brown.
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All others are colours produced in a rainbow, whereas brown colour is not a part of it.
ii.
Column I Column II
a.
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Anomalous behaviour of water
Measurement of specific heat
3. Hope’s apparatus
b. 2. Calorimeter
of substance
iii. False.
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The gravitational force acting on two bodies will not be affected when the bodies are dipped
in water.
iv. The first artificial satellite : Sputnik :: The first Indian satellite : Aryabhatta.
v. Alkaline earth metals
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Q.2. (A)
i. a. Satellites revolving around the earth with the time period same as that of rotation of earth are
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called geostationary satellites.
b. These satellites revolve in orbits parallel to the equator of the earth at height of around
35780 km from the surface of the earth.
c. As, the orbits of such satellites are always above the equator, these satellites are not useful for
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studies of polar region.
ii. a. Carbon is a tetravalent atom with the property of catenation. Thus, it forms compounds in
which the carbon atoms are arranged in the form of straight chains, branched chains or rings.
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b. It can form single and multiple covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.
c. Carbon is tetravalent. Thus, it can form four covalent bonds with carbon or other elements
like oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, halogens and phosphorus.
d. One more characteristics of carbon, which is responsible for large number of carbon
compounds is isomerism.
Hence, carbon forms a large number of compounds.
iii. a. The muscles attached to the eye lens (ciliary muscles) help in fine adjustments of the focal length
of the lens.
b. The capacity of these muscles to contract or relax to adjust the focal length (i.e., power of
accommodation) has a limit.
c. The minimum distance of an object from a normal eye for which the eye lens can decrease its
focal length to the least possible value, is 25 cm.
Hence, we cannot clearly see an object kept at a distance less than 25 cm from the eye.
1
Std. X: IQB
Science and Technology Part - 1
Q.2. (B)
i. a. Study missions planned for establishing artificial satellites in the earth’s orbit, using it for
research or for the benefit of life, or sending spacecraft to the various components of the
solar system or outside are called as space expeditions.
b. Need and importance of these space expeditions is as follows:
1. Due to space expeditions accessing internet is very easy. As a result, world has come
closer. It has become possible to contact a person in any part of the world or collect any
information within seconds.
2. Use of satellites can give us advance alerts about various natural calamities, so that, we
can take proper precautions and reduce the damage.
3. During war, the aerial surveillance can be used to get information about the actions of
enemies.
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4. Due to space expeditions, it is also possible to explore the fossil reserves and minerals in
the earth.
ii. Solution:
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Given: Absolute refractive index of water (n) = 1.36,
Velocity of light in vacuum (v1) = 3 108 m/s
To find: Velocity of light in water (v2)
at
v1
Formula: n=
v2
Calculation: From formula,
v
v2 = 1 =
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3 108
= 2.21 108 m/s
n 1.36
Ans: The velocity of light in water is 2.21 108 m/s.
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iii.
Sr.
Calcination Roasting
No.
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a. This method is preferred for carbonate ores. This method is preferred for sulphide ores
b. In this method, ores are heated in limited In this method, ores are heated in excess
supply of air. of air.
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c. During calcination, generally carbon During roasting, generally sulphur dioxide
dioxide gas is evolved. gas is evolved.
d. In this method, carbonate ores decompose In this method, sulphide ores are oxidized
to form metal oxide. to form metal oxides.
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E.g. E.g.
ZnCO3 ZnO + CO2 2ZnS + 3O2 2ZnO + 2SO2
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iv. a. 5-8% aqueous solution of ethanoic acid (acetic acid) is known as vinegar. It is used as a
preservative in pickles.
b. Sometimes, ethanol is used as an additive to increase the efficiency of petrol. Such fuel is
called gasohol. It is used as a fuel in some countries.
v. Solution:
Given: Potential difference (V) = 250 V, Current (I) = 0.5 A
To find: Power (P)
Formula: P = VI
Calculation:
From formula,
P = 250 0.5
P = 125 W
Ans: Power of electric bulb is 125 W.
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Model Activity Sheet Solution
Q.3. i. Solution:
Given: Mass of copper block (mc) = 3.1 kg.
Change in temperature (T) = 520 20 = 500 C.
Mass of ice melted (mice) = 1.8 kg.
Latent heat of fusion of ice (Lmelt) = 333 kJ/kg
To find: Specific heat of copper (cc)
Formulae: i. Heat gained by copper block, Q1 = mc cc T
ii. Heat required to melt the ice, Q2 = mice(Lmelt)ice
Calculation: From formula (i),
Q1 = 3.1 cc 500 = 1550 cc
From formula (ii),
Q2 = 1.8 333 kJ = 1.8 333 103 J
According to principle of heat exchange,
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Q1 = Q2
1550 cc = 1.8 333 103
1.8×333×103
cc = = 386.7 J/kg C
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1550
Ans: Specific heat of copper is 386.7 J/kg C.
ii. a. The reaction in which the place of the ion of a less reactive element in a compound is taken by
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another more reactive element by formation of its own ions is called a displacement reaction.
b. Example: When zinc (Zn) dust is added to blue coloured copper sulphate (CuSO4) solution, a
colourless solution of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) is formed along with copper (Cu) metal.
CuSO4(aq) + Zn(s) ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Copper
sulphate
Zinc
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sulphate
Copper
iii. Diagram:
Raindrop
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Sunlight
Internal
reflection
Red
P
Violet
Formation of rainbow
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Explanation:
a. The rainbow appears in the sky after a rainfall.
b. Water droplets present in the atmosphere act as small prism.
c. When sunlight enters these water droplets it gets refracted and dispersed.
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d. This dispersed light gets totally reflected inside the droplet and again is refracted while
coming out of the droplet.
e. As a combined effect of all these phenomena, the seven coloured rainbow is observed.
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iv. Labelling:
Powdered ore
water
Slit
Vibrating
table
Gangue
Concentrated ore
Wilfley table method
3
Std. X: IQB
Science and Technology Part - 1
Explanation:
a. Wilfley’s table is made by fixing narrow, thin and long wooden riffles on an inclined surface.
b. The table is given a regular vibrating motion.
c. The powdered ore obtained from lumps of the ore using ball mill is fed on the top of
Wilfley’s table and running stream of water is also released from the upper side.
d. As a result, the lighter gangue particles are carried away by water and heavy ore particles in
which proportion of minerals is more, settle between the wooden riffles fixed on the table and
get collected on the slits between them.
v.
No. Phenomenon Type of change
a. Transformation of ice into water Physical change
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b. Cooking of food Chemical change
c. Ripening of fruit Chemical change
d. Milk turned into curd Chemical change
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e. Evaporation of water Physical change
f. Digestion of food in the stomach Chemical change
g. Size reduction of naphtha balls exposed to air Physical change
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h. Staining of Shahbad or Kadppa tile by lemon juice Chemical change
i. Breaking of a glass object on falling from a height Physical change
vi. A concave lens always forms a virtual, erect and diminished image of a given object.
a.
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Consider an object AB placed between F1 and 2F1 in front of a concave lens as shown below.
Q
A P
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A
2F1 B F1 B O F2
P
Image formation in concave lens
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b. The incident ray AP is parallel to the principal axis. After refraction it travels along path PQ.
When PQ is extended backwards, it passes through focus F1.
c. Now, the incident ray AO passes undeviated through optical centre O. This ray meets the backward
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extension of ray PQ at A i.e., A is the image of A.
d. As point B lies on principal axis, its image B will lie on principal axis beneath the point A.
In this way, AB, the virtual, erect and diminished image of object AB is formed by a concave
lens.
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vii. We know that some carbon compounds have large molecular masses up to 1012. Such molecules
are called macromolecules. They contain large number of single compound or different
compounds joined together by chemical bonds. If the macromolecule is formed by regular
repetition of a small unit, then it is called a polymer. The natural macromolecules such as
polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids play an important role in our life. Our clothes, papers,
etc. are made up of polysaccharide called cellulose and the polysaccharide that provides energy is
starch. The natural macromolecules called proteins constitute large part of our body and are
responsible for various physiological functions and growth. The natural macromolecules called
nucleic acids control the heredity.
viii. a. From the given diagram, we understand Kepler’s laws of planetary motion.
b. Kepler’s second law: The line joining the planet and the Sun sweeps equal areas in equal
intervals of time.
c. At point P, the velocity of the planet will be maximum.
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Model Activity Sheet Solution
Q.4. i. a. All the given elements belong to group 1 of the modern periodic table.
b.
Element Li Na K Rb Cs
c. Yes. The arrangement of the elements as per the increasing order of atomic radius matches
with the group 1 of the modern periodic table.
d. Cesium (Cs) has the biggest atom and lithium (Li) has the smallest atom.
e. The atomic radius increases while moving down a group.
ii. a. The flow of a large amount of current in the circuit beyond the permissible value (of current)
is called overloading.
b. The effects of overloading can be avoided by not connecting many appliances (especially of
high power rating) at a time in the circuit.
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c. No, overloading and short circuiting are not same. Short circuiting takes place when a live
wire and a neutral wire come in direct contact with each other.
d. During a short circuit, the resistance of the circuit becomes very small.
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e. A huge amount of current flows through the circuit during a short circuit.
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P ub
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