SEng3231

Set by :
Molla K..
 Chapter-5
Programmable Interface Devices
 Programmable Interface Devices
 A programmable peripheral interface is a multiport device.
 The ports may be programmed in a variety of ways as
required by the programmer.
 The device is very useful for interfacing peripheral devices.
 Interface is the path for communication between two components.
 Two types of Interfacing :
o Memory Interfacing and
o I/O Interfacing.
 When we are executing any instruction, we need the microprocessor to
access the memory for reading instruction codes and the data stored in
the memory.
 Programmable Interface Devices
 Interfacing enables the transfer of data between different
devices and a computer.
 This function includes the transmission of digital data, analog
signals, or a combination of both.

A hardware interface is a physical connection or set of

protocols that allows communication between different
hardware devices or between hardware and software.
It defines how signals and data are exchanged between the
components, enabling them to work together effectively.
 Programmable Interface Devices

 It is an I/O port chip used for interfacing I/O devices with

microprocessor system.
 It is device used to implement parallel data transfer between
processor and slow peripheral devices like ADC, DAC, keyboard,
7-segment display, etc.
 A microprocessor is a programmable device that accepts binary data
from an input device, processes the data according to the
instructions stored in the memory and provides results as output.
 Programmable Peripheral Interface
o Microprocessor based system design involves interfacing of the
processor with one or more peripheral devices for the purpose
of communication with various input and output devices
connected to it.
o They are also programmable devices.
o 8255 is a popularly used parallel, programmable input-output device.
o It can be used to transfer data under various condition from
simple input-output to interrupt input-output.
o Peripheral devices can broadly be classified into two categories:
o General purpose peripherals
o Special purpose peripherals
 a. General Purpose Peripherals

 General purpose peripheral devices that perform a task but

may be used for interfacing a variety of I/O devices to
microprocessor.
 The general purpose devices are given below:

o Programmable Peripheral Interface……8255

o Programmable Interrupt Controller…….8259
o Programmable DMA Controller………...8237/8257
o Programmable Communication Interface……8251
o Programmable Interval Timer……………….8253/8254
 b. Special Function Peripherals
o These are devices that may be used for interfacing a
microprocessor to a specific type of I/O device.
 These peripherals are more complex and therefore, relatively more
expensive than general purpose peripherals. The special function
peripherals are:-
o Programmable CRT Controller
o Programmable Floppy Disc Controller
o Programmable Hard Disc Controller
o Programmable Keyboard and Display
Interface
 The functioning of these devices varies depending on the type of I/O
device they are controlling
 8255- A programmable parallel IO device

o Designed to support the compatible with 8085.

 PORT A

8255A has three ports:  PORT B

 PORT C

o Port A and Port B are 8 bit parallel ports.

o Port C can be split into two parts, i.e. PORT C lower (PC0_PC3) and PORT C upper

(PC7_PC4) by the control word

 These three ports are further divided into two groups,

i.e. Group A includes PORT A and upper PORT C.
Group B includes PORT B and lower PORT C
 These two groups can be programmed in three different modes.
I/O Interfacing using 8255
 Modes of Operation of 8255
• Two operating modes:
 I/O mode( Mode 0, Mode 1, Mode2)
 Bit Set/Reset Mode [ BSR]

o Features
 Outputs are latched , Inputs are buffered not latched.
 Ports do not have Handshake or interrupt capability.
 To increase the capacity of I/O interface.
 It is designed to work with various CPUs like 8085, 8086.
 8255 has three 8- bit bidirectional IO ports.
 BIT SET/RESET Mode
o This is bit set/reset control word format.
o The PORT C can be Set or Reset by sending OUT instruction to the
CONTROL registers.
 PC0-PC7 is set or reset as per the status of D0.
 A BSR word is written for each bit.
Example:
 PC3 is Set then control register will be 0XXX0111.
 PC4 is Reset then control register will be
0XXX01000.
 X is a don’t care.
 I/O Modes
 MODE 0(Simple IO ): In this mode , port A, port B and port C is used
as individually (Simply).

o Three operating modes :

o Mode-0(simple I/O port)
o Mode-1(Handshake I/O port)
o Mode-2(Bidirectional I/O port)
 Mode 0
o In this mode, Port A and B is used as two 8-bit ports
and Port C as two 4-bit ports.
o Each port can be programmed in either input mode or
output mode where outputs are latched and inputs are
not latched.
o Ports do not have interrupt capability.
o Ports in Mode 0 is used to interfaces LEDs, Hexa
keypad and 7 segment LEDS to the processor.
 Mode 1
o In this mode, Port A and B is used as 8-bit I/O
ports.
o They can be configured as either input or
output ports.
o Each port uses three lines from port C as
handshake signals.
o Inputs and outputs are latched
 MODE 1 :(Input output with Handshake)
o In this mode, input or output is transferred by
hand shaking Signals.

o Handshaking signals is used to transfer data between

whose data transfer is not same.
 Example:
o The computer send the data to the printer large speed
compared to the printer.
o When computer send the data according to the printer
speed at the time only, printer can accept.
o If printer is not ready to accept the data then after sending
the data bus , computer uses another handshaking signal to
tell printer that valid data is available on the data bus.
o Each port uses three lines from port C as handshake signal.
 Mode 2
o In this mode, Port A can be configured as the
bidirectional port and Port B either in Mode 0 or
Mode 1.
o Port A uses five signals from Port C as handshake
signals for data transfer.
o The remaining three signals from Port C can be
used either as simple I/O or as handshake for port
B.
 Mode 2 : Bi-directional I/O Data Transfer
o This mode allows bidirectional data transfer over a single 8-bit data bus
using handshake signals.
o This feature is possible only Group A Port A is working as 8-bit
bidirectional. PC3-PC7 is used for handshaking purpose.
o The data is sent by CPU through this port , when the peripheral request it.

 Control Word Formats:

o In the INPUT mode , When RESET is High all 24 pins (3-ports) be a
input mode. i.e all flip flops are cleared and the interrupts are rest.

o This condition is maintained even after RESET goes low.

o This can be avoid by writing single control word to the control registers ,
when required.
8255-Pin Diagram
 Function of Pins
o Data bus(D0-D7):These are 8-bit bi-directional buses,
connected to 8085 data bus for transferring data.
o CS: This is Active Low signal. It stands for Chip Select.
o A LOW on this input selects the chip and enables the
communication between the 8255 and the CPU.
o Read: This is Active Low signal, when it is Low the
microprocessor reads data from a selected I/O port of
8255A.
o Write: This is Active Low signal, when it is Low the
microprocessor writes data into a selected I/O port .
 Con’t
o Address (A0-A1):This is used to select the ports.
A1 A0 Select

0 0 PA

0 1 PB

1 0 PC

1 1 Control reg.
 Con’t

o RESET: This is used to reset the device. That means clear control
registers.
oPA0-PA7:It is the 8-bit bi-directional I/O pins used to send the data to
peripheral or to receive the data from peripheral.
o PB0-PB7:Similar to PA
o PC0-PC7:This is also 8-bit bidirectional I/O pins. These lines are divided
into two groups.
• PC0 to PC3(Lower Groups)
• PC4 to PC7 (Higher groups)
o These two groups working in separately using 4 data’s.
Block Diagram-8255
 Functions
 Data Bus Buffer: It has bidirectional data bus D0-D7
 D0-D7 is interfaced with system data bus of CPU.
 Read Write Control Logic Block: It has different terminal.
 8255 read and write data as per control signal RD and WR connected with
microprocessor.
 RESET will reset 8255.
 A1 and A0 used to select port and control word.
 CS is used to select chip of 8255.
 Group A and Group B Control
 Group A Control is used to control PORT A [PA0-PA7] and upper PORT
C[PC7-PC4] .
 Group B Control is used to control PORT B [PB0-PB7] and Lower PORT
C[PC3-PC0] .
 It takes control signals from control word and forwards it on respective
ports.

o Port A , B and Port C Mode 0 Mode 1 Mode 2 BSR Mode

o There are 8 bit IO ports yes yes yes No

and works as follows: yes yes No No

yes No(HS) No(HS) yes
 Control Word & Mode of 8255
o 8255 has 8 bits of control word.
o It defines working of IO ports A, B and C.
 Control Word and Mode of 8255
o BSR [Bit Set Reset] Mode of 8255: BSR mode works only with PORT C.
 Modes of 8255
o There are three 8 bits IO ports and works as follows:
Port Mode 0 Mode 1 Mode 2 BSR Mode
Port A yes yes yes No

Port B yes yes No No

Port C yes No(HS) No(HS) yes

o Here, mode 0 is simple IO mode
 Output are latched and input are not latched
 Port do not have interrupt handling capacity.
o Here, mode 1 is IO mode with handshake
 Here each port uses interrupt lime from port C Handshake signals
 Here, input and output are latched. Interrupt handling is supported
o Here, Mode 2 is Bidirectional IO mode with handshake
 Here port A uses five lines from Port C as handshake signal
 Interrupt handling is supported
Chaw
Any Q