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Life Sciences P1 1 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guidelines
PREPARATORY EXAMINATION
GRADE 12
LIFE SCIENCES P1
SEPTEMBER 2024
MARKS: 150
MARKING GUIDELINES
These marking guidelines consist of 11 pages.
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Life Sciences P1 2 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guidelines
PRINCIPLES RELATED TO MARKING LIFE SCIENCES
1. If more information than marks allocated is given
Stop marking when maximum marks are reached and put a wavy line and 'max'
in the right-hand margin.
2. If, for example, three reasons are required and five are given
Mark the first three irrespective of whether all or some are correct/incorrect.
3. If whole process is given when only a part of it is required
Read all and credit the relevant part.
4. If comparisons are asked for, but descriptions are given
Accept if the differences/similarities are clear.
5. If tabulation is required, but paragraphs are given
Candidates will lose marks for not tabulating.
6. If diagrams are given with annotations when descriptions are required
Candidates will lose marks.
7. If flow charts are given instead of descriptions
Candidates will lose marks.
8. If sequence is muddled and links do not make sense
Where sequence and links are correct, credit. Where sequence and links are
incorrect, do not credit. If sequence and links become correct again, resume
credit.
9. Non-recognised abbreviations
Accept if first defined in answer. If not defined, do not credit the unrecognised
abbreviation, but credit the rest of the answer if correct.
10. Wrong numbering
If answer fits into the correct sequence of questions, but the wrong number is
given, it is acceptable.
11. If language used changes the intended meaning
Do not accept.
12. Spelling errors
If recognisable, accept the answer, provided it does not mean something else
in Life Sciences or if it is out of context.
13. If common names are given in terminology
Accept, provided it was accepted at the national memo discussion meeting.
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Life Sciences P1 3 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guideline
14. If only the letter is asked for, but only the name is given (and vice versa)
Do not credit.
15. If units are not given in measurements
Candidates will lose marks. Memorandum will allocate marks for units separately.
16. Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated in a different
way.
17. Caption
All illustrations (diagrams, graphs, tables, etc.) must have a caption.
18. Code-switching of official languages (terms and concepts)
A single word or two that appear(s) in any official language other than the
learner's assessment language used to the greatest extent in his/her answers
should be credited if it is correct. A marker that is proficient in the relevant official
language should be consulted. This applies to all official languages.
19. Changes to the marking guidelines
No changes must be made to the memorandum. The provincial internal
moderator must be consulted.
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Life Sciences P1 4 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guideline
SECTION A
QUESTION 1
1.1 1.1.1 D
1.1.2 C
1.1.3 A
1.1.4 D
1.1.5 A
1.1.6 A
1.1.7 B
1.1.8 C
1.1.9 B
1.1.10 C (10 x 2) (20)
1.2 1.2.1 Alzheimer
1.2.2 Astigmatism
1.2.3 Grommets
1.2.4 Dorsal root
1.2.5 Reflex action
1.2.6 Altricial development
1.2.7 Prolactin
1.2.8 Corpus callosum
1.2.9 Neuron (9 x 1) (9)
1.3 1.3.1 Both A and B
1.3.2 B only
1.3.3 Both A and B (3 x 2) (6)
1.4 1.4.1 Ovarian cycle (1)
1.4.2 (a) Graafian follicle (1)
(b) Corpus luteum (1)
(c) LH/ Luteinizing hormone (1)
1.4.3 23 (1)
1.4.4 Mitosis (1)
1.4.5 Ovulation (1)
(7)
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Life Sciences P1 5 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guideline
1.5. 1.5.1 Pituitary gland/ Hypophysis (1)
1.5.2 Growth hormone/GH/ Somatotropin (1)
1.5.3 (a) C – Pancreas/Islets of Langerhans (2)
(b) D – Testes (2)
(c) B – Thyroid gland (2)
(8)
TOTAL SECTION A: 50
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Life Sciences P1 6 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guideline
SECTION B
QUESTION 2
2.1 2.1.1 (a) Middle ear (1)
(b) Tympanic membrane/Tympanum (1)
(c) Organ of Corti (1)
2.1.2 - Pressure wave will not be converted to an impulse
- this will lead to hearing loss / impulse will not be
transported to cerebrum. (2)
2.1.3 - Eustachian tube will be blocked/filled with mucus
- Pressure will not be equalised
- On either side of the tympanic membranecausing
- Pressure build-up in the middle ear causing pain
(Any 3) (3)
(8)
2.2 - A change in the direction and speed of the body
- causes the movement of fluid in
- which stimulates the cristae
- in the ampulla / the semi-circular canals
- The pressure wave was converted into an impulse
- which was transported along the auditory nerve
- to the cerebellum and interpreted
- which then sent impulses to the skeletal muscles
to restore balance and equilibrium (Any 6)
(6)
2.3 2.3.1 (a) Adrenal gland (1)
(b) Aldosterone (1)
2.3.2 - Water levels is the blood are above normal
- The receptors in the hypothalamus are stimulated
- and sends impulses to the pituitary gland
- to stop secreting/to secrete less ADH
- No ADH/less ADH travels in the blood to the kidneys
- The renal tubules/distal convoluted tubules and
collecting ducts
- become less permeable to water
- Less water is re-absorbed level in the blood
- The water levels in the blood decrease and return to
normal (Any 5) (5)
(7)
2.4 2.4.1 (a) Sclera (1)
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Life Sciences P1 7 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guideline
(b) Choroid (1)
(c) Optic nerve (1)
2.4.2 - Yellow spot/part C contains a high concentration of
cones
- Blind spot/part E contains no photoreceptors/rods and
cones (2)
2.4.3 - Part F/Pupil constricts/becomes smaller
- Circular muscles in the iris contract
- The radial muscles in the (iris) will relax (5)
-
(NB. They must indicate the muscle in the iris. If a learner
did not mention iris no mark allocation. Be sensitive if a
learner wrote. Circular mussel in the iris relax and radial
muscle contract, then he did refer to iris. No need to mention
iris in both bullets)
2.4.4 Parts of the eye responsible for accommodation
* No mark allocation for ciliary body- mut be ciliary
muscle
Guidelines for assessing the drawing
Criteria Elaboration Mark
Heading - Parts of eye accommodation 1
Correct - Only parts of accommodation 1
diagram drawn
Labels - Any 1–2 correct label 1
- All 3 correct labels 2 (4)
(14)
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Life Sciences P1 8 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guideline
2.5 2.5.1 Seminal vesicle (1)
2.5.2 - Alkaline fluid will not be secreted
- To neutralise the acid in the urethra /vagina
- Sperm cells will denature/die/ form abnormal sperm cells
- Decrease in male fertility (Any 3) (3)
2.5.3 - Under the influence of testosterone
- diploid cells in the seminiferous tubules in the testes
- undergo meiosis
- to produce haploid sperm cells ( (4)
(8)
2.6 2.6.1 Epididymis (1)
2.6.2 656 men participated in the investigation (1)
2.6.3 - Loose underwear allows the testes to be further away from
the body
- The temperature of the testes is 2–30 C lower than the body
temperature
- Allowing optimum sperm production (3)
2.6.4. - It has an acrosome
- which contains enzymes that penetrate the outer
membrane of the ovum
(2)
(Mark the first ONE only) (7)
[50]
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Life Sciences P1 9 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guideline
QUESTION 3
3.1 3.1.1 Skin (1)
3.1.2 - The secretion/sweat is released externally
- via a duct
(2)
3.1.3 - (Receptors detect the high temperature) ( In the paper- no marks
allocation )
- B/Blood vessels in the skin dilate/vasodilation occurs
- More blood flows to the skin surface
- More heat is lost
- A/sweat glands produce more sweat/become more active
- More evaporation from skin surface
- More heat is lost from the skin
(Any 5) (5)
(8)
3.2.1 23 mmol/L (1)
3.2 3.2.2 - Receptors in the carotid artery are stimulated and
- impulses are sent to the medulla oblongata
- The medulla oblongata stimulates the heart
- to beat faster causing
- more carbon dioxide to be sent to the lungs
- The breathing muscles/intercostal muscles and diaphragm
- contract more actively and
- the rate and depth of breathing increases
- more carbon dioxide is exhaled out of the body
- The carbon dioxide level in the blood decreases returns back to
normal (Any 7) (7)
(8)
3.3.1 Chorion (1)
3.3 3.3.2 - Shock absorber/ protect against mechanical injuries
- Temperature regulator
- Prevents dehydration
- Medium for the foetus to move in (2)
(Mark the first TWO only)
3.3.3 - The chorion forms
- Chorionic villi and
- Attaches to the endometrium
(3)
3.3.4 - Secretes progesterone
- which further increases the thickness of the endometrium
- making it more (vascular and glandular)
(3)
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Life Sciences P1 10 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guideline
3.3.5 Umbilical artery Umbilical vein
- Carries deoxygenated - Carries oxygenated
blood from the foetus to blood from the placenta
placenta to foetus
- Carries toxic substances - Carries nutrients from
from the foetus to placenta the placenta to the
foetus (5)
T1 mark + (4) (14)
3.4 3.4.1 - Great White shark
- Nurse shark
- Thresher shark (1)
(Mark the first ONE only)
3.4.2 - To increase the chances of fertilisation
- since it is external fertilisation
- eggs/ ovum’s may be lost/ predation/water currents (3)
3.4.3 - Lemon shark has a womb and the embryo is fed by the
placenta/ umbilical cord
- while the Bamboo shark embryos are fed by the yolk in the (3)
egg
( Any 3)
(7)
3.5 3.5.1 (Different) Concentration of auxin (1)
3.5.2 It is a control group
To ensure that the results are caused by (different concentrations
of) auxins (2)
3.5.3 Same length of the coleoptiles
Same species of bean plants
Same time for growth (4 days)
All the tips of the coleoptiles were removed (2)
Injections at the cur surface
(Mark the first TWO only)
3.5.4 When the concentration of auxin increases, the (average) length of
coleoptiles increases
OR
When the concentration of auxin decreases, the (average) length
of coleoptiles decreases
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Life Sciences P1 11 FS/September 2024
Grade 12 Prep. Exam. Marking Guideline
3.5.5 Average length of coleoptiles at different auxin
(mm)of coleoptile (mm)
consentration levels
Average increase length of coleoptile
(2)
80
68
70
57
60
50
Average increase length
40
30 25
20
20
10
0
0
A B C D E
Groups
Group
Criteria for marking graph:
Criteria Mark
allocation
Bar graph is drawn (T) (1)
Caption of the graph includes both variables (C) (1)
Correct labels on X-axis and Y-axis and with
correct unit on Y-axis (L) (1)
Correct scale for X-axis and Y-axis and bars
with equal width with equal spaces for X-axis (S) (1)
Plotting correctly done for: (P)
1–4 coleoptile lengths (1)
All 5 coleoptile lengths (2)
(6)
(13)
[50]
TOTAL SECTION B: 100
GRAND TOTAL: 150
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