Simple Harmonic Motion

ljy vkorZ xfr (SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION)

———————————————————————————————————
1. vkorhZ xfr
tc dksbZ oLrq ;k xfr'khy d.k] ,d fuf'pr le;&vUrjky i'pkr~ ,d fuf'pr iFk ds vuqfn'k viuh xfr dks iqu%
nksgjkrk gS] rks ,slh xfr vkorhZ xfr dgykrh gS rFkk bl le;kUrjky dks vkorZ&dky ;k vkorZ xfr dky (T) dgrs
gSA vkorhZ xfr dk iFk jSf[kd] o`Ùkkdkj] nh?kZo`Ùkkdkj ;k vU; dksbZ oØ gks ldrk gSA mnkgj.kLo:i i`Foh dk lw;Z ds
pkjksa vksj ?kw.kZuA

2. nksyu ;k dEiUu xfr

bnZ&fxnZ ¼vkuk & tkuk½ çdkj dh xfr nksyu xfr dgykrh gSA bldk vkorZ xfr gksuk vko';d ugha gS rFkk blds
fuf'pr lhekUr fcUnq gksuk Hkh vko';d ugha gSA tSls nhokj ?kM+h ds yksyd dh xfrA
ftl nksyu xfr esa ÅtkZ lajf{kr gksrh gS] og vkorZ xfr Hkh gksrh gSA
nksyu xfr esa dk;Zjr cy / cy vk?kw.kZ (ek/; voLFkk dh vksj bafxr) dks çR;ku;u cy / cy vk?kw.kZ dgrs gSaA
eafnr nksyuksa esa ÅtkZ çfrjks/kh cyksa ds fo:) O;f;r gksrh gS rFkk dqy ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ ?kVrh gSA
3. ljy vkorZ xfr (SHM)
;fn dEiu xfr esa çR;ku;u cy / cy vk?kw.kZ] d.k / oLrq ds foLFkkiu ds lh/ks lekuqikrh gks rFkk ges'kk ek/; fLFkfr
dh rjQ bafxr gks rks ,slh xfr dks ljy&vkorZ xfr dgrs gSA ;g dEiu xfr dk lcls ljy (O;k[;k djus esa
vklku) :i gSA
3.1 ljy vkorZ xfr ds çdkj
(a) jSf[kd ljy vkorZ xfr : tc d.k lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr ds b/kj&m/kj ljy js[kk ds vuqfn'k xfreku gksrk gSA
A rFkk B lhekUr fLFkfr;k¡ gSA M ek/; fLFkfr gSA
AM = MB = vk;ke

(b) dks.kh; ljy vkorZ xfr : tc oLrq / d.k fn;s x;s v{k ds ifjr% oØh; iFk ij ?kw.kZu ds fy, LorU=k gks rks
d.k dks.kh; nksyu djrk gSA
3.2 ljy vkorZ xfr dk lehdj.k :
ljy vkorZ xfr ds fy, vko';d ,oa i;kZIr 'krZ gS %
F = – kx
tgk¡ k = ljy vkorZ xfr ds fy, /kukRed fLFkjkad = cy fu;rkad
x = ek/; fLFkfr ls foLFkkiu
d2 x d2 x k
;k m 2
= – kx  2
+ x = 0 [ljy vkorZ xfr dk vodyu lehdj.k]
dt dt m
2
d x k
 2
+ 2x = 0 tgk¡  =
dt m
bldk gy gksxk x = A sin (t + )

3.4 ljy vkorZ xfr ds vfHky{k.k

uksV : n'kkZ, x, fp=k esa d.k dk iFk ljy js[kk gSA
(a) foLFkkiu - ;g fdlh {k.k d.k dh ek/; fLFkfr ls nwjh ds :i es ifjHkkf"kr gksrk gSA
le; t ij ljy vkorZ xfr es foLFkkiu x = A sin (t + ) ls fn;k tkrk gSA
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Simple Harmonic Motion
(b) vk;ke - ;g d.k dk lkE; fLFkfr ls egÙke&foLFkkiu gSA
1
vk;ke = [nks lhekUr fcUnqvksa ;k fLFkfr;ksa ds chp dh nwjh]
2
;g fudk; dh ÅtkZ ij fuHkZj djrk gSA
lhekUr ek/; lhekUr
fLFkfr fLFkfr fLFkfr

vk;ke vk;ke
2
(c) dks.kh; vko`fÙk () :  = = 2f rFkk bldk ek=kd jsfM;u /lSd.M gSA
T
(d) vko`fÙk (f) : ,dkad le; esa nksyuksa dh la[;k dks nksyu dh vko`fÙk dgrs gSA
1 
f= = , bldk ek=kd sec–1 ;k Hz gSA
T 2
(e) vkorZ dky (T) : og U;wure le;kUrjky gS ftlesa nksyuh xfr iqu% nksgjkbZ tkrh gS] vkorZdky dgykrk gSA
2 m
T= = 2
 k

d2 x
Example 1. ljy vkorZ xfr djrs gq, d.k dh xfr dks lehdj.k + 4x = 0 }kjk O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA vkorZdky
dt 2
Kkr djksA
d2 x
Solution. =  4x 2 = 4  = 2
dt 2
2
vkorZ dky ; T = =

———————————————————————————————————
(f) dyk : og HkkSfrd jkf'k tks d.k dh xfr dh voLFkk fu:fir djrh gS (mnkgj.kr% bldh fLFkfr rFkk fdlh {k.k
xfr dh fn'kk) T;k (sin) Qyu ds dks.kkad (t + ) dks xfr dh rkR{kf.kd dyk dgrs gSA
(g) dyk&fLFkjkad () : ljy vkorZ xfr ds lehdj.k esa fLFkjkad  dks dyk fLFkjkad ;k çkjfEHkd dyk dgrs gSA
;g çkjfEHkd fLFkfr rFkk xfr dh fn'kk ij fuHkZj djrh gSA
(h) osx (v) : osx] fdlh {k.k d.k ds foLFkkiu esa ifjorZu dh nj ds cjkcj gksrk gSA ekuk fd ek/; fLFkfr ls foLFkkiu
x = A sin t + gSA
dx d
osx, v = =  Asin(t  ) 
dt dt 

v = A cos t + ;k, v =  A  x 

2 2

  ek/; fLFkfr (x = 0) ij osx egÙke gksrk gSA

vmax = A
lhekUr fLFkfr (x = A) ij osx U;wure gksrk gSA
vmin = 'kwU;

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Simple Harmonic Motion
pky (v) rFkk foLFkkiu (x) esa xzkQ :
v   A 2  x2 
v 2  2 A 2  x2 
v2 x2
v2 + 2x2 = 2A2  1
2 A 2 A2

xzkQ nh?kZo`Ùkkdkj gksxkA

(i) Roj.k : fdlh {k.k Roj.k] d.k ds osx esa ifjorZu dh nj ds cjkcj gksrk gSA
dv d
Roj.k, a= = [A cos(t  )]
dt dt
a = 2A sin (t + 
a = 2x
Note : _.kkRed fpUg n'kkZrk gS fd Roj.k lnSo ek/; fLFkfr dh vksj funsZf'kr gksrk gSA ek/; fLFkfr (x = 0)
ij Roj.k U;wure gksrk gSA
amin = 'kwU;
lhekUr fLFkfr (x = A) ij Roj.k egÙke gksrk gSA
amax = 2A
Roj.k (A) rFkk foLFkkiu (x) esa xzkQ
a = 2x
a

A
x
–A


Example 2. ljy vkorZ xfr djrs gq, d.k dk lehdj.k x = (5 m) sin (s1 )t   gSA d.k dk vk;ke ] vkorZdky
 3
rFkk egÙke pky Kkr djksA t = 1 lSd.M ij osx Hkh Kkr djksA
Solution. lehdj.k x = A sin (t + ) ls rqyuk djus ij] ge ikrs gS&
vk;ke = 5 m
2 2
rFkk vkorZdky = = = 2s.
 s1
egÙke pky = A  = 5 m ×  s–1 = 5 m/s.
dx
t le; ij osx = = A  cos (t + )
dt
t = 1 s ij
  5
v = (5 m) ( s–1) cos     = – m/s.
 5 2
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Simple Harmonic Motion
Example 3. ljy vkorZ xfr djrs gq, d.k dh dks.kh; vko`fÙk 6.28 s–1 rFkk vk;ke 10 cm gSA Kkr djks (a) vkorZdky
(b) egÙke pky (c) egÙke Roj.k (d) pky tc ek/; fLFkfr ls foLFkkiu 6 cm gks (e) t = 0 ij xfr çkjEHk
ekurs gq, t = 1/6 lSd.M ij pkyA
2 2
Solution. (a) vkorZdky = = s = 1 s.
 6.28
(b) egÙke pky = A = (0.1 m) (6.28 s–1) = 0.628 m/s.
(c) egÙke Roj.k = A2 = (0.1 m) (6.28 s–1)2 = 4 m/s2.

(d) v =  A 2  x2 = (6.28 s–1) (10cm)2  (6cm)2 = 50.2 cm/s.

(e) t = 0 ij osx 'kwU; gS vFkkZr~ d.k lhekUr fLFkfr esa gSA foLFkkiu dk lehdj.k fuEu izdkj ls fy[kk tk
ldrk gSA
x = A cost.
osx = v = – A sin t.
1  6.28  
t= s ij v = – (0.1 m) (6.28 s–1) sin   = (– 0.628 m/s) sin = 54.4 cm/s.
6  6  3

Example 4. ,d d.k ek/; fLFkfr ls 'kq: gksdj /kukRed lhekUr fLFkfr dh vksj n'kkZ;s vuqlkj xfr djrk gSA ljy
vkorZ xfr dk lehdj.k Kkr djksA ljy vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke A gSA
t=0
-A 0 A
Solution. ljy vkorZ xfr ds lkekU; lehdj.k x = A sin (t + ) ls O;Dr djrs gSaA
t = 0, x = 0
 0 = A sin
     = 0,    [0,2)
rFkk t = 0, v = ve 
    A cos = ve ;k = 0
vr% d.k t = 0 ij ek/; fLFkfr ij gksrk gS rFkk /kukRed lhekUr fLFkfr dh vksj xfreku gS] rks ljy vkorZ
xfr dk lehdj.k
x = A sint
t=0
blh çdkj
-A 0 A
 = ds fy,
    ljy vkorZ xfr dk lehdj.k x = A sin(t + )
;k x = A sin t
Note :
 ;fn ek/; fLFkfr ewy fcUnq ij ugha gS] rks ge x dks x – x0 ls izfrLFkkfir djrs gS rFkk lehdj.k
x – x0 = A sin (t +  gks tkrk gS] ;gk¡ x0 ek/; fLFkfr dk funsZ'kkad gSA

Example 5. ,d d.k "A" vk;ke o "T" vkorZdky ls ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA d.k }kjk 0 ls A/2 rd tkus esa
fy;k x;k le; Kkr djksA
Solution. ekuk ljy vkorZ xfr dk lehdj.k gS ; x = A sin t
tc x = 0, t = 0
tc x = A/2 gS rks ; A/2 = A sin t
;k sin t = 1/2 t = /6
2
t = /6 t = T/12
T
vr% fy;k x;k le; T/12 gS, tgk¡ T ljy vkorZ xfr dk vkorZdky gSA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
Example 6. 2 kg nzO;eku dk d.k ,d ljy js[kk ij cy F = (8 – 2x) N ds çHkko esa xfr'khy gSA ;g x = 6 m ls
fojkekoLFkk esa NksM+k tkrk gSA
(a) D;k d.k ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gSA (b) d.k dh lkE;koLFkk Kkr djksA
(c) d.k dh xfr dk lehdj.k Kkr djksA (d) ljy vkorZ xfr dk vkorZdky Kkr djksA
Solution. F = 8 – 2x ;k F = –2(x – 4)
lkE;koLFkk ds fy, F = 0
 x = 4 ij lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr gSA
bl çdkj d.k dh xfr ljy vkorZ xfr gS] ftldk cy fu;krad 2 o lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr x = 4 ij gSA
(a) gk¡, xfr ljy vkorZ xfr gSA
(b) lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr x = 4 ij gSA
v=0
(c) x = 6 m ij d.k fojke ij gS ]vFkkZr~ ;g ,d lhekUr fLFkfr gSA
0 x=4 x=6
bl çdkj vk;ke A = 2 m gS rFkk çkjEHk esa d.k ,d lhekUr fLFkfr ij gSA
 ljy vkorZ xfr dk lehdj.k
k 2
x – 4 = 2 cos t, tgk¡  = = = 1 vFkkZr~ x = 4 + 2 cos t
m 2
2
(d) vkorZdky T = = 2sec.

———————————————————————————————————
4. ,d leku o`Ùkkdkj xfr ds ç{ksi ds :i esa ljy vkorZ xfr
fu;r dks.kh; pky  ls, A f=kT;k ds o`Ùk esa fp=kkuqlkj xfr dj jgs ,d d.k ij fopkj dhft,A
P0

ax(t) P vx(t)

O Q x
x(t)

v x(t)

-A 0 +A
x(t)

ekuk t = 0 ij d.k ,d o`Ùk (Y-v{k) ds 'kh"kZ ij gSA f=kT;k OP, y-v{k ds lkFk t le; ij  = t dks.k cukrh gSA
X-v{k ij ,d yEc PQ Mkfy,A X-v{k ds vuqfn'k le; t ij fLFkfr lfn'k, osx lfn'k o Roj.k lfn'k ds ?kVd
fuEu gSA
x(t) = A sin t
vx(t) = A cos t
ax(t) =  2A sin t
mijksDr lehdj.ksa n'kkZrh gS fd yEc dk ikn Q, X-v{k ij ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gSA bldk vk;ke A rFkk dks.kh;
vko`fÙk gSA bl izdkj Y-v{k ij yEc dk ikn Hkh A vk;ke o dks.kh; vko`fÙk [y(t) = A cos t ls ljy vkorZ
xfr djrk gSA nks ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa dh dyk esa /2 dk vUrj gSA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
5. ljy vkorZ xfr esa foLFkkiu]osx rFkk Roj.k dk xzkQh; fu:i.k
foLFkkiu, x = A sin t

osx, v = A cos t = Asin t + ) ;k v= A 2  x2
2
Roj.k, a = 2A sint = 2A sin t + ) ;k a = – 2x

uksV : v =  A 2  x2 a = – 2x
;s lEcU/k x ds fdlh Hkh lehdj.k ds fy, lR; gSA
le;, t 0 T/4 T/2 3T/4 T

foLFkkiu, x 0 A 0 A 0

osx, v A 0 A 0 A

Roj.k, a 0 2A 0 2A 0

x
T/4 T/2 3T/4 T 5T/4 3T/2
A

–A
v

1. leLr rhuksa jkf'k;k¡ foLFkkiu] osx rFkk Roj.k le; ds lkFk vkorhZ :i ls leku vkorZdky esa ifjofrZr gksrh gSA
2. osx vk;ke] foLFkkiu vk;ke dk xquk gksrk gSA (vmax = A).
3. Roj.k vk;ke] foLFkkiu vk;ke dk 2 xquk gksrk gSA (amax = A).

4. ljy vkorZ xfr esa osx] foLFkkiu ls dyk dks.k vkxs gksrk gSA
2

5. ljy vkorZ xfr esa Roj.k] osx ls dyk dks.k vkxs gksrk gSA
2

6. ljy vkorZ xfr dh ÅtkZ

6.1 xfrt ÅtkZ (KE)
1 1 1
mv2 = m2 (A2 – x2) = k (A2 – x2) (x ds Qyu ds :i esa)
2 2 2
1 1
= m A22 cos2 (t + ) = KA2 cos2 (t + ) (t ds Qyu ds :i esa)
2 2
KEmax = 1 kA2 ; KE 1
= kA2 ; KE 0  A = kA2
1
2 0  T 4 3
xfrt ÅtkZ dh vko`fÙk = 2 × (ljy vkorZ xfr dh vko`fÙk)
6.2 fLFkfrt ÅtkZ (PE)
1 1
Kx2 (x ds Qyu ds :i esa) = kA2 sin2 (t + ) (t ds Qyu ds :i esa)
2 2

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Simple Harmonic Motion
6.3 dqy ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ (TME)
1 1 1
dqy ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ = xfrt ÅtkZ + fLFkfrt ÅtkZ = k (A2 – x2) + Kx2 = KA2
2 2 2
vr% ljy vkorZ xfr esa dqy ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ fu;r gksrh gSA
6.4 ljy vkorZ xfr dh ÅtkZ dk xzkQh; fu:i.k

E KE
TE
PE

–A/ 2 O A/ 2 x
–A A

Example 7. nzO;eku 0.50 fdxzk0 dk ,d d.k cy F = – (50 N/m)x ds vUrxZr ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA ;fn ;g
nksyu dsUnz dks 10 ehVj/lSd.M dh pky ls ikj djrk gks] rks xfr dk vk;ke Kkr djksA
Solution. d.k dh xfrt ÅtkZ tc ;g nksyu dsUnz ij gS &
1 1
E= mv2 = (0.50 kg) (10 m/s)2 = 25 J.
2 2
;gk¡ fLFkfrt ÅtkZ 'kwU; gSA egÙke foLFkkiu x = A, ij pky 'kwU; gS] vr% xfrt ÅtkZ 'kwU; gksxhA ;gk¡
1
fLFkfrt ÅtkZ kA2 gksxhA pwafd ;gk¡ ÅtkZ&ºkl ugha gksrk gSA
2
1
kA2 = 25 J .....(i)
2
d.k ij cy F = – (50 N/m)x.
bl çdkj, fLçax fu;rkad k = 50 U;wVu/eh0 gSA
1
(i) leh0 ls (50 N/m) A2 = 25 J ;k A = 1 m.
2
———————————————————————————————————
7. fLçax&nzO;eku fudk;
m
(1) T = 2
k
fpduh lrg

k
m
(2) T = 2
k

(3) ;fn fLçax dk nzO;eku ms gS rks

ms
m
= T = 2 3
k

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Simple Harmonic Motion

Example 8. nzO;eku 200 xzke dk ,d d.k ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gSA fLçax fu;rkad 80 U;wVu/eh0 dh fLçax bldks
çR;ku;u cy çnku djrh gSA vkorZ dky Kkr djksA
m 200  103 kg
Solution. vkorZdky T = 2 = 2 = 2× 0.05 s = 0.31 s
k 80 N/ m

Example 9. fp=k esa n'kkZ;s vuqlkj nks fi.Mksa ds chp ?k"kZ.k xq.kkad µ rFkk {kSfrt ry
fpduk gSA (a) ;fn fudk; dks FkksM+k foLFkkfir djds eqDr djsa] rks
vkorZdky Kkr djksA (b) fi.Mksa ds chp ?k"kZ.k cy dk ifjek.k Kkr
djks tc ek/; fLFkfr ls foLFkkiu x gSA (c) ;fn Åij okyk fi.M uhps
okys fi.M ds lkis{k ugha fQlys] rks egÙke vk;ke D;k gks ldrk gS \
Solution. (a) y?kq vk;ke ds fy, nksuksa fi.M lkFk&lkFk dEiu djsaxs rFkk dks.kh; vko`fÙk &
k
=
Mm
Mm
vkSj vkorZ dky & T = 2
k
(b) ek/; fLFkfr ls x foLFkkiu ij fi.Mksa dk Roj.k &
 kx 
a = – 2x =  
Mm
vr% Åij okys fi.M ij ifj.kkeh cy &
 mkx 
ma =  
Mm

;g cy uhps okys fi.M ds ?k"kZ.k cy }kjk çnku fd;k tkrk gSA vr% ?k"kZ.k cy dk ifjek.k 
mk | x | 
 gSA
 Mm 
mkA
(c) lhekUr voLFkk esa Åij okys fi.M dh ljy vkorZ xfr ds fy, vko';d egÙke cy gSA ijUrq
Mm
egÙke ?k"kZ.k cy µ mg gks ldrk gSA vr%
mk A µ(M  m)g
= µ mg ;k A =
Mm k
Example 10. nzO;eku m dk fi.M k fLçax fu;rkad dh fLçax }kjk fLFkj fy¶V dh Nr ls lkE;oLFkk esa yVdk;k tkrk gSA
vpkud fy¶V dh jLlh VwV tkrh gS rFkk fy¶V LorU=krkiwoZd fxjrh gSA crkvks fd fi.M vc fy¶V ds
vUnj mg/k vk;ke ls ljy vkorZ xfr djsxkA
Solution. tc fy¶V fLFkj gS] rks fLçax fi.M }kjk f[kap tkrh gSA ekuk f[kapko x rFkk ruko kx gS tksfd fi.M ds Hkkj
dks lUrqfyr djrh gSA

bl çdkj x = mg/kA tSls gh jLlh VwVrh gS] rks fy¶V ‘g’ Roj.k ls fxjuk çkjEHk djrh gSA ge fy¶V ds
funsZ'k rU=k dks ysrs gS rks ge Nn~e cy] mg dks fi.M ij Åij dh vksj dk;Zjr ekurs gSA ;g cy Hkkj dks
lUrqfyr djsxkA bl çdkj] fi.M ij fLçax }kjk kx ifj.kkeh cy yxsxk tc ;g fLçax dh lkekU; yEckbZZ
dh fLFkfr ls x nwjh ij gksxkA vr% bldh xfr fy¶V ds vUnj] fLçax dh lkekU; yEckbZ dks ek/; fLFkfr
ysrs gq, ljy vkorZ xfr gksxhA çkjEHk esa fLçax x = mg/k ls f[kaaph gqbZ gS] ;gk¡ fi.M dk osx (fy¶V ds
lkis{k) 'kwU; gSA bl çdkj ifj.kkeh ljy vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke mg/k gSA
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Simple Harmonic Motion
Example 11. fp=k esa cka;k fi.M] nka;s fi.M ls vçR;kLFk VDdj djrk gS rFkk blds lkFk fpid tkrk gSA ifj.kkeh ljy
vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke Kkr djksA lrg fpduh gSA

Solution. ekuk fd VDdj cgqr vYi le;kUrjky ds fy, gksrh gS rks ge laosx laj{k.k ds fl)kUr dk iz;ksx dj
2
gksxkA xfrt ÅtkZ = (2m)   = mv2 gSA pwafd bl {k.k
v 1 v 1
ldrs gSA VDdj ds ckn mHk;fu"B osx
2 2 2 4
fLçax lkekU; yEckbZ dh fLFkfr esa gS] rks ;g xfrt ÅtkZ dEiu dh dqy ÅtkZ gksxhA ;fn vk;ke A gks rks
1 2
dqy ÅtkZ dks kA fy[k ldrs gSA bl çdkj
2
1 2 1 m
kA = mv2 ls A = v çkIr gksrk gSA
2 4 2k

Example 12. nzO;eku m1 o m2 ds nks xqVds lkekU; yEckbZ  o fLçax fu;rkad k okyh ,d fLçax ls tqM+s gSA fudk; ,d
fpduh {kSfrt lrg ij j[kk gSA çkjEHk esa fLçax fp=kkuqlkj x0 ls lEihfM+r gSA
 – x0

n'kkZb;s fd nksuksa xqVds mudh lkE;koLFkk dh fLFkfr ds lkis{k ljy vkorZ xfr djsaxs rFkk Kkr djksA
(a) vkorZdky (b) çR;sd xqVds dk vk;ke
(c) le; ds Qyu ds :i esa fLçax dh yEckbZ
Solution : ;gka nksuksa xqVds leku le; ij lkE;koLFkk esa gksaxs tc fLçax viuh çkd`frd yEckbZ esa gSA ekuk
lkE;koLFkk1 o lkE;koLFkk2 fp=kkuqlkj xqVds A o B dh lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr gSA
lkE;koLFkk1  lkE;koLFkk2

lkE;koLFkk2
x1 lkE;koLFkk1 x2

ekuk nksyuksa ds nkSjku fdlh le; ij xqVds mudh lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr ls x1 o x2 nwjh ij gSA
pwafd fLçax&xqVdk fudk; ij dksbZ ckº; cy dk;Z ugha dj jgk gSA
 (m1 + m2)xcm = m1x1  m2x2 = 0
;k m1x1 = m2x2
çFke d.k ds fy, cy lehdj.k &
d2 x1 m1
k(x1 + x2) =  m1 2
;k k(x1 + x1) =  m1a1
dt m2
k(m1  m2 ) k(m1  m2 )
;k a1 =  x1  2 =
m1m2 m1m2
m1m2  m1m2
bl çdkj T = 2  2 tgka  = tks çHkkoh nzO;eku ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA
k(m1  m2 ) K (m1  m2 )
blh çdkj f}rh; d.k dk vkorZdky Hkh Kkr fd;k tk ldrk gSA nksuksa dk vkorZdky leku gksxkA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
(b) ekuk xqVdksa dk vk;ke A1 o A2 gSA m1A1 = m2A2
1 1 m
ÅtkZ laj{k.k ls ; k(A1 + A2)2 = kx02 ;k A1 + A2 = x0 ;k A1 + 1 A1 = x0
2 2 m2
m2 x0 m1x0
;k A1 = blh çdkj A2 =
m1  m2 m1  m2
(c) ekuk çFke d.k dh lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr ewy fcUnq ij gS] vFkkZr~ x = 0 d.k ds x funsZ'kkad dks fuEu izdkj
fy[k ldrs gSA
lkE;koLFkk1 l
lkE;koLFkk2

x=0

x1 = A1cost rFkk x2 =  A2cost

bl çdkj fLçax dh yEckbZ fy[kh tk ldrh gS ;
yEckbZ = x2  x1 =   (A1 + A2)cost
Example 13. fudk; lkE;koLFkk esa ,oa fLFkj gSA vc nzO;eku m1 dks m2 ls gVk ysrs gSA ifj.kkeh xfr dk vkorZdky ,oa
vk;ke Kkr djksA fLçax fu;rkad K gSA
//////////////////////////

m1
m2
(m1  m2 )g
////////////////////////// //////////////////////////

Solution. fLçax esa izkjfEHkd f[kapko x =

K
vc ;fn m1 dks gVk ysrs gS rks m2 dh N.L
m2g
m g (m1+m2)g K
lkE;koLFkk fLçax dh lkekU; yEckbZ ls 2 K lkE;koLFkk
K m1g
uhps gksxhA K

çkjfEHkd fLFkfr ij pwafd osx 'kwU; gS blfy, ;g lhekUr fLFkfr ij gSA

m1g m2
vr% vk;ke = , vkorZdky = 2 pqafd dsoy m2 nzO;eku dh oLrq nksyu dj jgh gS
K K
———————————————————————————————————
8. fLçaxksa dk la;kstu
8.1 Js.khØe la;kstu :
dqy foLFkkiu x = x1 + x2
nksuksa fLçaxksa es ruko = k1 x1 = k2 x2
 Js.khØe la;kstu ds fy, rqY; fLFkjkad Keq fuEu }kjk O;Dr fd;k tkrk gS
m
1/keq = 1/k1 + 1/k2  T = 2
k eq

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Simple Harmonic Motion
uksV :
 Js.khØe la;kstu esa] lHkh fLçaxksa esa ruko leku gksrk gS rFkk f[kapko vyx&vyx gksrk gSA (;fn k leku gks rks
f[kapko Hkh leku gksxkA)
 Js.khØe la;kstu esa fLçax esa f[kapko] fLçax fu;rkad ds O;qRØekuqikrh gksrk gSA
 fLçax fu;rkad] fLçax dh lkekU; yEckbZ ds O;qRØekuqikrh gksrk gSA
 k  1/
 k1 1 = k2 2 = k3 3
 ;fn fLçax ds ‘n’ VqdM+s dj fn;s tk;sa rks çR;sd VqdM+s dk fLçax fu;rkad nk gksxkA
8.2 lekUrj Øe la;kstu :
nksuksa fLçaxksa esa f[kapko leku gksxk ysfdu nksuksa ij dk;Zjr cy vyx&vyx gksxkA fudk;
ij dk;Zjr cy = F
 F = – (k1 x + k2 x)  F = – (k1 + k2 )x  F = – keqx
m
 keq = k1 + k2  T = 2
k eq

9. ljy vkorZ xfr esa vkorZdky] dks.kh; vko`fÙk Kkr djus dh fof/k;k¡
(a) cy / cy vk?kw.kZ fof/k (b) ÅtkZ fof/k

Example 14. fp=k esa n'kkZ;h xbZ jLlh, f?kjuh rFkk fLçax gYdh gSA nzO;eku m dk vkorZdky Kkr djksA
/////////////////////////

m
k
////////////////////////////

Solution. (a) cy fof/k

ekuk CykWd dh lkE;koLFkk esa fLçax dk foLrkj x0 gSA
  kx0 = mg .....(1)
/////////////////////////

x0 lkekU; yEckbZ
m lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr
k x
m
////////////////////////////
vc ;fn ge CykWd dks x nwjh ls uhps dh vksj foLFkkfir djsa rks CykWd ij ek/; fLFkfr dh vksj dqy
cy fuEu gSµ
F = k(x + x0)  mg = kx (1) dk mi;ksx djrs gq,
bl çdkj dqy cy ek/; fLFkfr dh vksj gS ,oa x ds lekuqikrh gSA blfy, d.k ljy vkorZ xfr djsxk
rFkk bldk vkorZ dky
m
T = 2
k

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Simple Harmonic Motion
(b) ÅtkZ fof/k
ekuk fLizax dh lkE;koLFkk yEckbZ ij xqVds dh xq:Roh; fLFkfrt ÅtkZ 'kwU; gSA vc lkekU; yEckbZ ls
x nwjh uhps xqVds dh pky v ekurs gSA pwafd ljy vkorZ xfr esa dqy ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ lajf{kr gSA
1 2 1
  mgx + kx + mv2 = fu;rkad
2 2
le; ds lkis{k vodyu djus ij ge ikrs gS 
      mgv + kxv + mva = 0
tgk¡ a Roj.k gSA
mg
 F = ma =  kx + mg ;k F =  k(x  )
k
mg
xfr ds fy, ;g n'kkZrk gS fd cy fu;rkad k rFkk lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr x = gSA
k
m
blfy, d.k ljy vkorZ xfr djsxk rFkk bldk vkorZ dky T = 2 gksxkA
k
———————————————————————————————————
10. ljy yksyd
;fn ,d Hkkjh fcUnqor nzO;eku ,d gYdh o vforkU; Mksjh ds }kjk ,d n`<+
vk/kkj ls yVdk;k tk;s rks ;g O;oLFkk ljy yksyd dgykrh gSA ljy yksyd 

dk vkorZ dky T = 2
g
(dHkh&dHkh ge x.kuk dh ljyrk ds fy, g = 2 ysrs gS)
Note :
 ;fn ljy yksyd dk dks.kh; vk;ke vf/kd gS rks vkorZdky
 2 
T = 2 1  0  (vU; ijh{kkvksa ds fy,)
g  16 
tgk¡ 0 jsfM;u esa gSA
 ljy yksyd ds vkorZdky dk lq=k gS ;fn ljy yksyd dh yEckbZ  i`Foh dh f=kT;k R ds rqyukRed gSA
1
T = 2 ;gk¡] R = i`Foh dh f=kT;k
 1 1
g  
R 
R
 vuUr yEckbZ ds ljy yksyd dk vkorZ dky vf/kdre gksrk gS tks fd T = 2 = 84.6 feuV ls fn;k
g
tkrk gSA (tgk¡ R i`Foh dh f=kT;k gSA)
 lSd.M yksyd dk vkorZdky 2 sec rFkk  = 0.993 m gSA
 ljy yksyd dks.kh; ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gS ijUrq vYi dks.kh; foLFkkiu ds fy, bldh xfr js[kh; ljy
vkorZ xfr ekuh tkrh gSA
 ;fn ljy yksyd ij vk/kkfjr ?kM+h dk vkorZ dky c<+rk gS rks ?kM+h /kheh gks tk,xh ijUrq ;fn vkoZrdky
?kVrk gS rks ?kM+h rhoz gks tkrh gSA
T 1 
 ;fn g fu;r o  yEckbZ esa ifjorZu gks rks  100   100
T 2
T 1 g
 ;fn  fu;r o g Roj.k esa ifjorZu gks rks,  100    100
T 2 g
 ;fn  yEckbZ esa ifjorZu rFkk g xq:Ro ds dkj.k Roj.k esa ifjorZu gks rks
T 1  1 g 
 100      100
T 2 2 g 

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Simple Harmonic Motion

Example 15. 40 cm yEckbZ dk ,d ljy yksyd 0.04 rad ds dks.kh; vk;ke ls nksyu djrk gSA Kkr djks (a) vkorZdky
(b) xksyd dk js[kh; vk;ke (c) xksyd dh pky tc Mksjh Å/okZ/kj ls 0.02 rad dk dks.k cukrh gS rFkk
(d) dks.kh; Roj.k tc xksyd {kf.kd fojkekoLFkk ij gSA g = 10 m/s2 ysaA
10m / s2
Solution : (a) dks.kh; vko`fÙk  = g / = = 5 s–1
0.4m
2 2
vkorZdky = = 1.26 s.
 5s1
(b) js[kh; vk;ke = 40 cm × 0.04 = 1.6 cm
(c) 0.02 rad foLFkkiu ij dks.kh; pky  = (5 s–1) (0.04)2  (0.02)2 rad = 0.17 rad/s.
;gk¡ bl {k.k xksyd dh pky = (40 cm) × 0.175–1 = 6.8 cm/s.
(d) {kf.kd fojkekoLFkk ij] xksyd lhekUr fLFkfr ij gSA vr% dks.kh; Roj.k
 = (0.04 rad) (25 s–2) = 1 rad/s2.
———————————————————————————————————
10.1 Rofjr funsZ'k rU=k esa ljy yksyd dk vkorZ dky :
T = 2 tgk¡
geff.
geff. = funsZ'k rU=k esa xq:Ro ds dkj.k çHkkoh Roj.k = g  a
a = fuyEcu fcUnq dk tehu ds lkis{k Roj.k
bl lw=k dks mi;ksx djus dh 'krZ : g  a = fu;rkad
Mksjh esa Roj.k
ek/; fLFkfr ij geff =
yksyd dk æO; eku

Example 16. ,d {kSfrt lM+d ij ,d leku :i ls Rofjr dkj dh Nr ls ,d ljy yksyd yVdk gqvk gSA ;fn bldk
Roj.k a0 rFkk yksyd dh yEckbZ  gks rks ek/; fLFkfr ds lkis{k vYi nksyuksa dk nksyu dky Kkr dhft,A
Solution. ge dkj ds ra=k esa dk;Z djsaxsA D;ksafd ;g lM+d ds lkis{k Rofjr gS] vr% m nzO;eku ds xksyd ij ,d
Nn~e cy ma0 vkjksfir djuk gksxkA
ek/; fLFkfr ds fy, dkj ds lkis{k xksyd dk Roj.k 'kwU; gksuk pkfg,A ;fn  Mksjh }kjk Å/okZ/kj ds lkFk
cuk;k x;k dks.k gks rks bl fLFkfr esa ruko] Hkkj o Nn~e cy dk ;ksx 'kwU; gksxkA
bl çdkj mg o ma0 dk ifj.kkeh (F = m g2  a02 ) Mksjh ds vuqfn'k gksxkA
ma0 a
 tan = = 0
mg g
vc ekuk fd Mksjh fp=kkuqlkj  dks.k ls vkSj fo{ksfir dh tkrh gSA
vc, çR;ku;u cy vk?kq.kZ (F sin )  = – m2  0
F dk eku j[kus ij ,oa vYi  ds fy, sin dk mi;ksx

djus ij
F
( m g2  a02 ) = – m 2 

g2  a02 g2  a02
;k – blfy, 2 =

;g vkorZdky ds lkFk ljy vkorZ xfr dh lehdj.k gSA

2
T= = 2 2
 (g  a02 )1/ 4

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Simple Harmonic Motion
———————————————————————————————————
10.2 ;fn m g ds vfrfjDr vU; cy dk;Z djrs gS rks :
F
T = 2 tgk¡ geff. = g 
geff. m
F = ‘m’ ij dk;Zjr fu;r cyA

Example 17. ‘’ yEckbZ

,oa ‘m’ nzO;eku ds xksyd okyk ljy yksyd ty ds vUnj dks.kh; ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA
xksyd ds Hkkj ds vk/ks Hkkj ds cjkcj fu;r mRIykod cy xksyd ij dk;Z dj jgk gSA nksyuksa dk vkorZ
dky Kkr djks ?
mg / 2 2
Solution. ;gk¡ geff. = g – = g/2. bl çdkj T = 2
m g

———————————————————————————————————
11. fi.M yksyd@ HkkSfrd yksyd
tc ,d n`<+ fi.M dks fdlh v{k ls yVdkdj blds lkis{k nksyu S S
djok;s tk;s rks ;g O;oLFkk fi.M yksyd dgykrk gSA
C = nzO;eku dsUnz dh fLFkfr
S = fuyEcu fcUnq 


 = fuyEcu fcUnq o nzO;eku dsUnz ds e/; nwjh (;g xfr ds nkSjku
fu;r jgrh gSA)
C
ek/; fLFkfr ls vYi dks.kh; foLFkkiu “” ds fy, C
çR;ku;u cy vk?kw.kZ mg sin gSA
  mg vYi ds fy, sin=

;k  mgtgka  = fuyEcu fcUnq ds lkis{k tM+Ro vk?kw.kZ

mg mg 
;k  ;k 2 = vkorZ dky T = 2  = CM + m2
  mg
tgk¡ CM = nksyu v{k ds lekUrj o nzO;eku dsUnz ls xqtjus okyh v{k ds lkis{k tM+Ro vk?kw.kZ gSA
CM  m 2
T = 2 tgk¡ CM = mk2
mg
k = ?kw.kZu f=kT;k (nzO;eku dsUnz ls ikfjr v{k ds lkis{k)
mk 2  m 2
k2  2 L eq k2
T = 2 ; T = 2 = 2 Leq =  = ljy yksyd dh rqY; yEckbZ ;
mg g g
tc  = k gks rks T U;wure gksxk
2K
Tmin = 2
g
T o ds ek/; xzkQ
T

2k
T  2
g
= k 

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Simple Harmonic Motion

Example 18. 1.00 m yEckbZ dh le:i NM+ ,d fljs ls yVdk;h tkrh gS rFkk ;g vYi vk;ke ls xq:Ro ds çHkko esa
nksyu djrh gSA nksyu dky Kkr dhft,A (g = 10 m/s2)
Solution. vYi nksyuksa ds fy, dks.kh; xfr yxHkx ljy vkorZ xfr gksrh gS rFkk vkorZdky fuEu lw=k }kjk fn;k
tkrk gS &
 (m 2 / 3) 2 2  1.00m 2
T = 2 = 2 = 2 = 2 = s
mg( / 2) mg( / 2) 3g 3  10m / s 2
15

———————————————————————————————————
12. ejksM+h yksyd
tc ,d oLrq dks blds dsUnz ij ,d gYds ejksM+h rkj }kjk yVdk;k tkrk gS rks bl O;oLFkk dks ejksM+h yksyd dgrs
gSA ejksM+h rkj vko';d :i ls vforkU; gksrk gS ijUrq ;g bldh v{k ds lkis{k ,saBu ds fy, Lora=k gksrk gSA tc
rkj dk fupyk fljk FkksM+k lk ?kqek;k tkrk gS rks rkj oLrq dks ?kw.khZ nksyu çnku djus ds fy, çR;ku;u cyk?kw.kZ
vkjksfir djrk gSA rks mRiUu çR;ku;u cyk?kw.kZ 
  C tgk¡ C = ejksM+h fu;rkad
;k  C tgk¡  = Å/okZ/kj v{k ds lkis{k tM+Ro vk?kw.kZ
C 
;k   θ  vkorZ dky T = 2
 C

Example 19. f=kT;k 5.0 cm o nzO;eku 200 g dh ,d le:i pdrh ds dsUnz ij ,d /kkRoh; rkj ca/kk gS] ftldk nwljk
fljk Nr ls fLFkj ca/kk gSA yVdh gqbZ pdrh dks rkj ds lkis{k dqN dks.k ls ?kqekdj NksM+ nsrs gSA ;fn
pdrh 0.20 s ds vkorZdky ls ejksM+h nksyu djrh gks] rks rkj dk ejksM+h fu;rkad Kkr djksA
Solution. iznf'kZr fp=k dh fLFkfr esa pdrh dk rkj ds lkis{k tM+Ro vk?kw.kZ
mr 2 (0.200kg)(5.0  102 m)2
= = = 2.5 × 10–4 kg - m2.
2 2
 42  42 (2.5  104 kg  m2 ) kg  m2
vkorZdky T = 2 ;k C = 2 = = 0.25
C T (0.20 s)2 s2

———————————————————————————————————
13. nks ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa (SHM) dk v/;kjksi.k
13.1 ,d gh fn'kk esa] ,d leku vko`fÙk ds fy,
x1 = A1 sin t
x2 = A2 sin (t + ), rc ifj.kkeh foLFkkiu
x = x1 + x2 = A1 sin t + A2 sin (t + ) = A sin (t + )
 A 2 sin  
tgk¡ A= A12  A 22  2A1A 2 cos  vkSj  = tan–1  
 A1  A 2 cos  
;fn  = 0, gks rks nksuksa ljy vkorZ xfr;k¡ leku dyk esa gksxh rFkk A = A1 + A2
;fn  = , gks rks nksuksa ljy vkorZ xfr;k¡ foijhr dyk esa gksxh rFkk A = |A1 – A2|
nks ;k nks ls vf/kd ljy vkorZ xfr;ks ds v/;kjksi.k ds dkj.k ifj.kkeh vk;ke bl fLFkfr esa dyk vkjs[k ds }kjk Hkh
Kkr dj ldrs gSA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
13.2 leku fn'kk esa ijUrq fHkUu&fHkUu vko`fÙk ds fy,
x1 = A1 sin 1t
x2 = A2 sin 2 t
rks ifj.kkeh foLFkkiu x = x1 + x2 = A1 sin 1t + A2 sin 2t
;g ifj.kkeh xfr ljy vkorZ xfr ugha gSA
13.3 nks yEcor~ fn'kkvksa esa
x = A sin t
y = B sin (t + )
fLFkfr (i) : ;fn  = 0 ;k  gks rks y = ± (B/A) x gksxk] blfy, iFk ljy js[kh; gksxk o ifj.kkeh foLFkkiu
r= (x2 + y2)½ = (A2+ B2)½ sint gksxk

tks fd A 2  B2 vk;ke dh ljy vkorZ xfr dk lehdj.k gSA


fLFkfr (ii) : ;fn  = gks rks x = A sin t
2
y = B sin (t + /2) = B cos t
x2 y2
blfy, ifj.kkeh + = 1 gksxk, vFkkZr~ ;g ,d nh?kZo`Ùk dh lehdj.k gS] ;fn A = B gks rks
A2 B2
v/;kjksi.k ,d o`Ùk dh lehdj.k gksxkA ifj.kkeh xfr ljy vkorZ xfr ugh gSA
13.4 ,d gh fn'kk ds vuqfn'k ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa dk v/;kjksi.k (dyk vkjs[k dk mi;ksx djrs gq,)
nks ;k nks ls vf/kd ljy vkorZ xfr;k¡ ,d gh js[kk ds vuqfn'k gS rks mudk ifj.kkeh] dyk vkjs[k cukdj lfn'k
;ksx }kjk çkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
1. ljy vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke] lfn'k dh yEckbZ ¼ ifjek.k½ ds :i esa fy;k tkrk gSA
2. bu lfn'kksa ds e/; dykUrj] bu lfn'kksa ds e/; dks.k ds :i esa fy;k tkrk gSA lfn'kksa dk ifj.kkeh dk ifjek.k
ljy vkorZ xfr dk ifj.kkeh vk;ke gksrk gS rFkk ifj.kkeh lfn'k dk dks.k ifj.kkeh ljy vkorZ xfr ds fy,
dyk fu;rkad dks crkrk gSA
mnkgj.k ds fy, ;
x1 = A1 sin t A2
x2 = A2 sin (t + )
;fn ifj.kkeh ljy vkorZ xfr dh lehdj.k x = A sin (t + ) yh A
tk;s rks
A1
A= A12  A 22  2A1A 2 cos 
A 2 sin 
tan  =
A1  A 2 cos 

Example 20 fuEu xfr;ksa ds la;kstu ls çkIr ljy vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke Kkr dhft,A
x1 = (2.0 cm) sint rFkk x2 = (2.0 cm) sin (t + /3).
Solution. nh xbZ nks lehdj.ksa vk;ke A1 = 2.0 cm rFkk A2 = 2.0 cm ls X-v{k ds vuqfn'k ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa dks
çnf'kZr djrh gSA nksukss ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa ds e/; dykUrj /3 gSA ifj.kkeh ljy vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke A
fuEu }kjk fn;k tkrk gSA

A= A12  A 22  2A1A 2 cos  = (2.0cm)2  (2.0cm) 2  2(2.0cm) 2 cos = 3.5 cm
3

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Simple Harmonic Motion
Example 21. x1 = 3 sin t, x2 = 4 cos t
Kkr dhft, (i) ifj.kkeh ljy vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke (ii) ifj.kkeh ljy vkorZ xfr dh lehdj.kA
Solution. lcls igys lHkh ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa dks sine ¼T;k½ ds Qyu ds :i esa “t” dks /kukRed j[krs gq,]
/kukRed vk;ke ds lkFk fy[krs gSA
 x1 = 3 sin t, x2 = 4 sin (t + /2)

A= 32  42  2  3  4cos = 9  16 = 25 = 5
2

4 sin
2 4
tan  =   = 53º
 3
3  4cos
2
lehdj.k x = 5 sin (t + 53º)

Example 22. x1 = 5 sin (t + 30º)

x2 = 10 cos (t)
ifj.kkeh ljy vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke Kkr djksA
Solution. x1 = 5 sin (t + 30º)

x2 = 10 sin (t + ) 10
2
dyk vkjs[k A = 52  102  2  5  10cos60º 60º
= 25  100  50 = 175 = 5 7 5

Example 23. ,d d.k nks ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa x1 = A1 sin t rFkk x2 = A2 sin (t + /3) ds v/khu xfr'khy gSA Kkr
djks (a) t = 0 ij foLFkkiu (b) d.k dh vf/kdre pky o (c) d.k dk vf/kdre Roj.kA
Solution. (a) t = 0 ij x1 = A1 sin t = 0 rFkk x2 = A2 sin (t + /3)
A2 3
= A2 sin (/3) = . vr% t = 0 ij ifj.kkeh foLFkkiu gS &
2
3
x = x1 + x2 = A2
2
(b) nksuksa xfr;ksa dk ifj.kkeh] leku dks.kh; vko`fÙk  dh ,d ljy vkorZ xfra gks rks ifj.kkeh xfr dk
vk;ke
A= A12  A 22  2A1A 2 cos(  / 3) = A12  A 22  A1A 2

vf/kdre pky umax = A  =  A12  A 22  A1A 2

(c) vf/kdre Roj.k amax = A 2 = 2 A12  A 22  A1A 2

Example 24. leku fn'kk esa leku vk;ke rFkk leku vko`fÙk dh nks ljy vkorZ xfr;ks ds v/khu ,d d.k xfr'khy gSA
;fn ifj.kkeh vk;ke fdlh ,d ljy vkorZ xfr ds vk;ke ds cjkcj gS rks nksuksa xfr;ksa ds e/; dykUrj
Kkr dhft,A
Solution. ekuk fd çR;sd xfr dk vk;ke A gSA ifj.kkeh vk;ke Hkh A gSA ;fn nksukss xfr;ksa ds e/; dykUrj  gks rks

A= A 2  A 2  2A. A.cos  ;k = A 2(1  cos ) = 2A cos
2
 1
;k cos = ;k  = 2/3.
2 2

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Simple Harmonic Motion

Problem 1. uhps fn[kkbZ xbZ fLFkfr;ksa ds fy, ljy vkorZ xfr dk lehdj.k fy[kks A
t=0 t=0
(a) -A 0 A (b) -A 0 A
t=0
(c)
-A 0 A/2 A
Solution : (a) t = 0 ij x = +A
x = A sin(t + )
A = A sin ()
 = /2
 
x = A sin  t   = Acos (t)
 2 
(b) t = 0 ij x = – A
x = A sin(t + )
– A = A sin 
3
=
2
 3 
x = A sin  t  x = – A cos (t)
 2 
A
(c) t = 0 ij x =
2
A
x = A sin (t + ) ; = A sin(t + )
2
1
= sin   f = 30°, 150
2
d.k lkE;koLFkk dh vksj _.kkRed fn'kk esa xfr'khy gSA
osx v = A cos (t + )
t = 0 ij v = –ve
v = Acos  vr%  = 150°
x = A sin(t + 150º)
Ans. (a) x = A cost ; (b) x = A cost ; (c) x = A sin(t + 150º)
Problem 2. nzO;eku m dk fi.M A, vk;ke a ls ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA tc fi.M A ek/; fLFkfr ls xqtjrk gS]
rc nzO;eku m dk ,d vU; fi.M B, /khjs ls fi.M A ij j[k nsrs gS rFkk B, A ls fpid tkrk gSA ubZ ljy
vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke rFkk vkorZdky Kkr djksA
Solution :

m
nzO;eku m dk vkorZdky = 2
K
2m
nzO;eku 2m dk vkorZdky = 2
K
lkE;koLFkk ij xfrt ÅtkZ = dqy ÅtkZ
1 1
nzO;eku m ds fy, : mu2 = m 2a2 .....(1)
2 2
2
1 1   
nzO;eku 2m ds fy, : 2mv2 = 2m   A2 .....(2)
2 2  2

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Simple Harmonic Motion
laosx laj{k.k ls mu = 2mv
u
v=
2
2 2
1 u 1    2
 2m   = 2m   A .....(3)
2  
2 2  2
2a2
lehdj.k (1) & (3) ds Hkkx ls 4 =
A2
a 2m a
u;k vk;ke A = Ans. T = 2 vk;ke =
2 K 2

a
Problem 3. mijksDr ç'u esa ;fn B dks ek/; fLFkfr ls nwjh ij A ij j[k fn;k tk; rks bldk u;k vkorZdky o
2
vk;ke D;k gksxkA

m
Solution : T = 2
K
2m
T = 2
K

laosx laj{k.k ls
au
mu = 2mv  v = ij xfrt ÅtkZ
22
1 1  a 
2
m nzO;eku ds fy, : mu2 = m2 a2     .........(1)
2 2   2  

    2 a 
2 2
1 1
2m nzO;eku ds fy, : 2mv2 = 2m    A  2  .........(2)
2 2  2     

1 u2 1 2  2 a2 
2m = 2m A   ..........(3)
2 4 2 2  4 
lehdj.k (1) & (3) ds Hkkx ls
a2
a2 
4 5 2m 5
2= 2
u;k vk;ke A = a Ans. T = 2 , vk;ke = a
a 8 K 8
A2 
4

Problem 4. fi.M dks n'kkZ;h x;h fLçax dh lkekU; yEckbZ ls /khjs&/khjs fxjk;k tkrk gSA fLçax esa egÙke f[kapko Kkr
djksA
//////////////////////////

K 0

m
Solution : pwafd CykWd fLFkjkoLFkk ls /khjs&/khjs fxjrk gS] vr% vf/kdre izlkj gksxkA
tc mg = Kx0
mg mg
x0 = vf/kdre izlkj Ans.
K K
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Simple Harmonic Motion
Problem 5. mijksDr ç'u esa ;fn fi.M dks eqDr fd;k tkrk gS] rks egÙke f[kapko Kkr djksA
Solution :
////////////////////////// ////////////////////////// /////////////////

L0

m
x0

m
ekuk x0 = vf/kdre izlkj
1
ÅtkZ laj{k.k ls mgx0 = Kx02
2
vf/kdre izlkj ij osx 'kwU; gksxk
2mg 2mg
x0 = vf/kdre izlkj gSA Ans.
K K
Problem 6. fp=kkuqlkj nzO;eku m2 dk CykWd lkE;koLFkk esa gSA nzO;eku m1 dk vU; fi.M /khjs ls m2 ij j[krs gSA
nksyu dk vkorZ dky ,oa vk;ke Kkr djksA
m2

//////////////////////////

m1  m2
Solution : vkorZdky T = 2
K

izkjfEHkd voLFkk esa pwafd osx 'kwU; gS] vr% ;g lhekUr voLFkk gSA
m1g
vk;ke A =
K

m1  m2 m1g
Ans. T = 2 vk;ke =
K K

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Simple Harmonic Motion
Problem 7. nzO;eku m2 dk fi.M fLFkj ,oa lkE;koLFkk esa gSA uhps dh vksj u osx ls xfreku m1 nzO;eku dk fi.M m2
ls Å/okZ/kj Vdjkrk gS rFkk fpid tkrk gSA nksyu dh ÅtkZ Kkr djksA
//////////////////////////

m1

u
m2
Solution : ekuk VDdj ds i'pkr~ m1 o m2 dk osx v gSA
laosx laj{k.k ls
m1u = (m1 +m2)v
m1u
v=
m1  m2
2
1 1 m1
vr%, KE = (m1+m2)v2 = u2
2 2 m1  m2
m2g = Kx1
(m1 + m2)g = Kx2
2 2
1 1 m g 1 m1 g2
PE = K(x2 – x1)2 = K  1   PE =
2 2  K  2 K
vr% nksyu dh ÅtkZ gS -
E = KE + PE
1 m12u2
2
m g2 1  m12u2 m1 g2 
2
E= + 1  =    Ans.
2 m1  m2 2K 2  m1  m2 K 

Problem 8. ,d fpdus urry ij ,d CykWd j[kk tkrk gS ;g xfr djus ds fy, Lora=k gSA CykWd esa ,d ljy yksyd
tqM+k gSA bldk vkorZdky Kkr dhft,A

Solution : ekuk Fp = Nn~e cy

lkE;koLFkk ds fy, Tsin Tcos
T
Tsin + FP = mgsin 
mgsin
Tsin + ma = mgsin
pwafd a = gsin
Tsin + mgsin = mgsin 
mg mgsin
Tsin = 0
mgcos 
 = 0
vr% lkE;koLFkk esa Mksjh ur ry ds yEcor~ gksxhA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
vr% izHkkoh 'g' gksxk -
geff = gcos 


g
gcos


vkorZ dky T = 2 ; T = 2 Ans.

geff gcos 

Problem 9. x1 = 5 sin t
x2 = 5 sin (t + 53º)
x3 = – 10 cos t ifj.kkeh ljy vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke Kkr djksA
Solution : x1 = 5sint
x2 = 5 sin (t + 53º)
x3 = – 10 cos t  x3 = 10 sin(t + 270°) fy[k ldrs gSa
lfn'k fu:i.k ls ifj.kkeh vk;ke Kkr djus ij
5

8
53°
5

 
6
10 R

ifj.kkeh vk;ke | R | = 82  62 = 10 Ans.

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Simple Harmonic Motion

HANDOUT ljy vkorZ xfr (SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION)

voeafnr ljy vkorZ xfr (DAMPED SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION)
ge tkurs gS fd ok;q esa nksyu djus okys fdlh ljy yksyd dh xfr /khjs /khjs lekIr gks tkrh gSA ,slk D;ks gksrk gS\
bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd ok;q dk d"kZ.k cy rFkk vk/kkj (Support) ij ?k"kZ.k cy yksyd dh xfr dk fojks/k djrs gS ftlls
/khjs /khjs bldk ÅtkZ {k; gksrk jgrk gSA yksyd ds bl izdkj ds nksyuks dks voeafnr nksyu dgrs gSA voeaafnr nksyuksa esa
;|fi fudk; dh ÅtkZ dk /khjs /khjs {k; gksrk jgrk gS fdUrq vYi nksyu ds fy, nksyu vkorhZ jgrs gSA O;kid :i esa
{k;dkjh cy ?k"kZ.k cy gh gksrs gSA bl izdkj ds cká cyksa dk fdlh nksyd dh xfr ij izHkko le>us ds fy, vkb, fp=k
esa n'kkZ, fdlh fudk; ij fopkj djsaA blesa k dekuh ls m nzO;eku dk ,d xqVdk Å/okZ/kjr% nksyu djrk gSA ;fn CykWd
dks uhps dh vksj FkksMk lk /kDdk nsdj NksMk tk;s rks blds nksyu dh dks.kh; vko`fr gksxh
k

m
lk/kj.kr;k okrkoj.kh; ek/;e (ok;q) CykWd dh xfr ij voeafnr cy yxkrk gS vr% fLizax CykWd fudk; dh ;kaf=kd
ÅtkZ ?kV tkrh gSA ;g ÅtkZ gkfu okrkoj.kh; ek/;e (rFkk CykWd Hkh) dh m"ek ds :i esa izfrr gksrh gSA

fp=k % 1 okrkojf.k; ek/;e fLizax nksfy=k dks /khjs /khjs fojkekoLFkk esa ykus
ds fy, voeanu cy yxkrk gSA
voeanu cy okrkojf.k; ek/;e dh izd`fr ij fuHkZj djrk gSA ;fn CykWd dks nzo esa Mqcks;k tk, rc voeanu cy dk
ifjek.k c< tkrk gS rFkk ÅtkZ gkfu Hkh rsth ls gksrh gSA voeanu cy lkekU;r% xksyd ds osx ds lekuqikrh gksrk
gSA ¼LVksd ds fu;e ls½ rFkk osx dh fn'kk ds foifjr dk;Zjr gksrk gSA ;fn voeanu cy Fd ls iznf'kZr fd;k tk,
rc Fd  bV
tgk¡ /kukRed fu;rkad b ek/;e ¼mnkgj.k ds fy, ';kurk½ dh izd`fr ij rFkk CykWd ds vkdkj rFkk vkd`fr ij fuHkZj
djrk gSA ;g lehdj.k dsoy vYi osx ds fy, ykxq gksrh gSA tc fLizax ls tqMs gq, nzO;eku m dks NksM+k tkrk gSA
rc fLizax FkksMh foLrkfjr gksrh gS rFkk nzO;eku dqN Å¡pkbZ ij :d tkrk gSA ;g fLFkfr fp=k 1 esa O }kjk n'kkZ;h
xbZ gSA ;g nzO;eku dh lkE; fLFkfr gSA ;fn nzO;eku dks FkksM+klk uhps [khapk tkrk gS rc CykWd ij fLizax ds dkj.k
izR;ku;u cy Fs  kx dk;Zjr gksrk gSA tgk¡ x nzO;eku dk bldh lkE;fLFkfr ls foLFkkiu gS vr% fdlh le; t
ij nzO;eku ij dk;Zjr dqy cy F  kx  bv gksrk gSA ;fn a(t), t le; ij nzO;eku dk Roj.k gS rc xfr dh
fn'kk ds vuqfn'k U;wVu ds fu;e }kjk ge izkIr djrs gSA m a(t) = –k x(t) – b (t )
;gk¡ ge lfn'k ladsr dks iz;qDr ugh djrs gSA D;ksafd ge ,d fofe; xfr ij fopkj dj jgs gSA v (t) rFkk a (t) ds
fy, x (t) ds izFke rFkk f}rh; vodyt ls ge izkIr djrs gSA
d2 x dx
m b  kx  0 .....(1)
dt 2 dt
lehdj.k 1 f}Ùkh; dksfV dh js[kh; vodyu lehdj.k gS rFkk bldh lgk;d lehdj.k mr2 + br + k = 0 gSA blds
ewy fuEu gSA
b  b2  4mk b  b2  4mk
r1 = r2 = .....(2)
2m 2m
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Simple Harmonic Motion
ges rhu fLFkfr;ksa ij fopkj djus dh vko';drk gSA
fLFkfr : I : b2 – 4mk > 0 (vfr voeafnr)
x x

0 t 0 t
bl fLFkfr esa r1 rFkk r2 i`Fkd okLrfod ewy gS rFkk
x = b1er1t  b2 er2 t
pwafd b, m, rFkk k lHkh /kukRed gksrs gS vr% b2  4mk < b, vr% lehdj.k 2 }kjk fn;s x;s ewy r1 rFkk r2 nksuksa
_.kkRed gksxsaA ;g iznf'kZr djrk gS fd x  0 D;ksafd t   A t ds Qyu ds :i esa x dk xzkQ mijksDr fp=k esa
iznf'kZr gSA vc /;ku fnft, fd nksyu ugha gksrs gS ¼;g nzO;eku ds bldh lkE;fLFkfr ls dsoy vkSj dsoy ,d ckj
xqtjus ij laHko gSA½ ,slk blfy, gksrk gS D;ksafd b2 > 4mk dk vFkZ ;g gS fd ;gk¡ ij nqcZy fLizax dh rqyuk esa
izcy voeanu cy ¼mPPk ';kurk okyk rsy ;k xzhl½ dk;Zjr gS

fLFkfr II : b2 – 4mk = 0 (Økafrd voeanu)

;g fLFkfr leku ewyksa ds laxr gSA
b
r1 = r2 = –
2m
rFkk gy fuEu izdkj fn;k tkrk gSA
x = (b1 + b2t)e–(b/2m)t
;g fLFkfr I ds leku gS rFkk xzkQ mijksDr fp=k ds leku izkIr gksrk gS fdUrq voeanu nksyu dks lekIr djus ds
fy, fBd i;kZIr gSA rjy dh ';kurk esa fdlh Hkh rjg dh deh ds dkj.k nksyu c<+us yx tk,xkA

fLFkfr III: b2 – 4mk < 0 (U;wu voeanu)

;gk¡ ewy lfEeJ gS
r1  b k b2
  ' i tgk¡ '   .....(3)
r2  2m m 4m2
gy fuEu izdkj fn;k tkrk gSA
x = e–(b/2m)t (b1 cos 't + b2 sin 't) =Ae–(b/2m)t cos('t+)

ge ns[krs gS fd nksyu] xq.kkade–(b/2m)t ls voeafnr gksrs gSA pwafd b > 0

rFkk m > 0, ls ge izkIr djrs gS –(b/2m) < 0 vr% e–(c/2m)t  pwafd
t   bldk vFkZ gS fd x  0 D;ksafd t  ; vFkkZr xfr le; ds
lkFk&lkFk 'kwU; rd {kf;r gksrh gSA xzkQ fp=k esa iznf'kZr gSA
vc voeafnr nksfy=k dh ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ 1/2 kA2 gksrh gSA voeafnr
nksfy=k ds fy, vk;ke fu;r ugh gksrk gS fdUrq le; ij fuHkZj djrk
gSA vYi voeanu ds fy, ge leku O;atd dks iz;qDr dj ldrs gS
fdUrq vk;ke A e–bt/2m ds :i esa gksrk gSA

1 2 bt / m
E(t)  kA e .....(4)
2
lehdj.k iznf'kZr djrh gS fd fudk; dh dqy ÅtkZ le; ds lkFk pj?kkrkadh :i ls ?kVrh gSA /;ku fnft, fd
 b 
vYi voeanu dk vFkZ gS fd   ] ls cgqr de gksrk gS ;fn ge b = 0 j[ks rc bl Hkkx esa voeafnr nksfy=k dh
 2m 
lHkh lehdj.ksa vuvoeafnr nksfy=k dh laxr lehdj.kksa ds :i esa ifjofrZr gks tkrh gSA
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 Simple Harmonic Motion
fo'ks"krk xq.kkad ;k Q eku (Quality Factor or Q value):
izk;ksfxd vuqiz;ksxksa esa nksfy=k dh fo'ks"krk ij fopkj djus djus dh vko';drk gksrh gSA Q, nksyu ds ,d iw.kZ vkorZ
dky T esa dqy ÅtkZ E rFkk ÅtkZ gkfu E,ds vuqikr dks n'kkZrk gSA
E
Q = 2
| E |
' k b2 b
Q tgk¡ '   rFkk 
2 m 4m 2 2m
'kwU; voeanu dh lhek esa nksfy=k dh dksbZ ÅtkZ gkfu ugha gksrh gS rFkk Q A vYi voeanu dh lhek esa nksfy=k
dk fo'ks"krk xq.kkad yxHkx fuEu izdkj fn;k tk ldrk gSA

Q
2
bu nksuksa ifj.kkeksa dks la;qDr djds nqcZy voeanu xfr ds ,d iw.kZ nksyu ds nkSjku ÅtkZ gkfu ds fy, gS.Mh lw=k
izkIr djrs gSA
2 4 k
E  E E tgk¡  
Q  m
Example 1. fp=k esa iznf'kZr voeafnr nksfy=k ds fy, CykWd dk nzO;eku m, 200 g, k = 90 N m–1 rFkk voeanu fu;rkad
b, 40 gs–1 gSA Kkr fdft,A (a) nksyu dk vkorZdky (b) blds nksyu dk vk;ke izkjfEHkd eku dk vk/kk
gksus esa yxk le;(c) bldh ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ izkjfEHkd eku dh vk/kh gksus esa yxk le;
Solution : (a) lehdj.k ls vkoZrdky T fuEu izdkj fn;k tkrk gSA
2 2
T   0.3 sec
' k b2

m 4m2
(b) vc lehdj.k ls vk;ke izkjfEHkd eku dk vk/kk gksus esa yxk le; T1/2 fuEu izdkj fn;k tkrk gSA
A (t) = Aebt / 2m
bT
A  1/ 2 2m n2
 Ae 2m  T1/ 2  = 6.93 s
2 b
(c) t1/2, le; dh x.kuk ds fy, ¼;kaf=kd ÅtkZ izkjfEHkd eku dh vk/kh gksus esa yxk le;½ge bl
lehdj.k dk mi;ksx djrs gSA
E(0) E(0)
E(t1/ 2 )   E(0)ebt / m 
2 2
( n2)m 6.93
t1/2 = =
b 2
;g vk;ke ds fy, {kf;r dky dk Bhd vk/kk gSA ;g vk'p;Z pfdr ugh gS D;ksfa d lehdj.k 4 ds
vuqlkj ÅtkZ vk;ke ds oxZ ij fuHkZj djrh gSA

d2 x dx
Example 2. iznf'kZr fdft, fd fudk; 2
  3x = 0 U;wu voeafnr gSA bldh voeafnr dks.kh; vko`fr Kkr
dt dt
fdft,A
Solution : m = 1, b = 1, k = 3
b2 < 4mk
vr% fudk; voeafnr gSA

k b2  11 –1
d =     s
 m 4m2 2
 
,

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Simple Harmonic Motion
iz.kksfnr nksyu rFkk vuqukn (FORCED OSCILLATIONS AND RESONANCE)
tc ,d fudk; (tSls ,d ljy yksyd ;k dekuh ls tqMk CykWd) dks bldh lkE;fLFkfr ls foLFkkfir djds NksMk
tkrk gS rks ;g bldh LoHkkfod vko`fr ls nksyu djrk gS ,sls nksyu eqDr nksyu dgykrs gSA lHkh eqDr nksyu
ogka mifLFkr voeafnr cy ds dkj.k /khjs /khjs de gksrs tkrs gS rFkk ckg; dkjd bu nksyuks dk cuk;s j[krk gSA
bUgs iz.kksfnr ;k ifjpkfyr nksyu dgrs gSA ge ,d fLFkfr ij fopkj djrs gS tc ckâ; cy vkorhZ gS rFkk bldh
vko`fr d dks ifjpkyu vko`fr dgrs gSA iz.kksfnr vkorhZ nksyu dk ,d egRoiw.kZ rF; ;g gS fd fudk; bldh ewy
vko`fr  ls nksyu ugh djrk gSA fdUrq ckâ; dkjd dh vko`fr d ls nksyu djrk gSA eqDr nksyu voeanu ds
dkj.k /khjs&/khjs lekIr gksrs tkrs gSA iz.kksfnr nksyu dk ,d egRoiw.kZ mnkgj.k ;g gS fd cxhps esa vkorhZ :i ls
>qyk >qyrk gqvk ,d cPPkk nksyuksa dks cuk;s j[kus ds fy, vius iSjks ls /kjkry dks /kDdk nsrk gSA ;g ekfu, F0
vk;ke dk ,d ckâ; cy F (t) voeafnr nksfy=k ij vkjksfir gS rFkk ;g le; ds lkFk vkorhZ :i ls ifjofrZr gksrk
gSA ,sls cy dks fuEu izdkj iznf'kZr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
F(t) = Fo cos d t
js[kh; izR;ku;u cy] voeafnr cy rFkk lehdj.k }kjk iznf'kZr le; fuHkZj ifjpkfyr cy ds la;qDr izHkko ds
vUrxZr d.k dh xfr dks fuEu izdkj fn;k tkrk gS
m a(t) = –k x(t) – b(t) + Fo cos d t
lehdj.k esa Roj.k ds fy, d2x/dt2 izfrLFkkfir dj rFkk bls O;ofLFkr dj ge izkIr djrs gS fd
d2 x dx
m 2
+ b + kx = Fo cos dt .....(5)
dt dt
;g m nzO;eku ds nksfy=k dh lehdj.k gS ftl ij d dks.kh; vko`fr dk vkorhZ cy vkjksfir gSA izkjEHk esa nksfy=k
ewy vko`fr ls nksyu djrk gSA tc ge vkorhZ ckâ; cy vkjksfri djrs gSArc ewy vko`fr nksyu lekIr gksrs tkrs
gS rFkk fQj oLrq vkorhZ ckâ; cy dh dks.kh; vko`fr ls nksyu djrk gSA ewy nksyu lekIr gksus ds i'pkr~ bldk
foLFkkiu fuEu izdkj fn;k tkrk gSA
x(t) = A cos ( dt +  ) .....(6)

tgk¡ t ml {k.k ls ekik x;k le; gS tc ge vkorhZ cy vkjksfir djrs gSA vk;ke A iz.kksfnr vko`fr d rFkk
LoHkkfod vko`fr dk Qyu gksrk gSA fo'kys"k.k iznf'kZr djrk gS fd ;s fuEu izdkj fn;k tkrk gSA
F0
A .....(7)
 2 2
  
2
2 2
 m   d  d 2
b 
 
v 0
rFkk tan  
d x0
tgka m d.k dk nzO;eku gS rFkk v0 rFkk x0 t = 0 le; ij d.k ds osx rFkk foLFkkiu gS t = 0 og le; gS tc ge
vkorhZ cy yxkrs gSA (7) lehdj.k iznf'kZr djrh gS fd voeafnr nksfy=k dk vk;ke ifjpkfyr cy dh vko`fr
(dks.kh; vko`fr) ij fuHkZj djrk gSA ge nksfy=k ds fofHkUu izdkj ds O;ogkj ns[k ldrs gS tc d dk eku ls
vf/kd cMk gS rFkk tc ;g ds vf/kd lehi gSA vc ge bu nks fLFkfr;ks ij fopkj djrs gSA
(a) vYi voeanu tc ifjpkyd vko`fr izkd`frd vko`fr ls vf/kd fHkUu gS : bl fLFkfr esa d b, m  2  2d  ls
vfr de gksxkA vr% lehdj.k esa ml in dks ux.; eku ldrs gSA
F0
A .....(8)

m   2d 2

fp=k (3) esa fudk; esa mifLFkr fofHkUu lhekvksa ds voeand cyks ds fy, fdlh nksyd ds foLFkkiu vk;ke dh
ifjpkyu cy dh dks.kh; vko`fr ij fuHkZjrk n'kkZ;h xbZ gSA /;ku nhft, rhuks ifjfLFkr;ks esa d/ = 1 gksus ij gh
vk;ke vf/kdre gksrk gSA bl fp=k ds oØ ;g n'kkZrs gS fd voeanu de gksus ij Å¡pk vkSj ladh.kZ vuqukn f'k[kj
izkIr gksrk gSA
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Simple Harmonic Motion

fp=k%3 xzkQ lehdj.k 7 dk fo'ys"k.k djrk gSAvuquknh vk;ke

(= d) voeanu c<+us ds lkFk lkFk ?kVrk tkrk gSA
;fn ge izpkyu vko`fr esa ifjorZu djrs gS rc vk;ke vuUr dh vksj vxzlj gksrk gS tc ifjpkyu vko`fr ewy
vko`fr ds cjkcj gks tkrh gSA fdUrq ;g 'kwU; voeanu dh vkn'kZ fLFkfr gS ,slh fLFkfr tks okLrfod fudk; esa dHkh
mRiUu ugha gksrh gS D;ksafd voeanu iw.kZ :i ls dHkh Hkh 'kwU; ugha gksrk gSA vki >qys esa ;g vuqHko djrs gS dh tc
vki ds /kDdk nsus dk le; >qys ds vkorZ dky ls Bhd lqesfyr gks tkrk gSA rc vkidk >qyk
vf/kdre vk;ke ls nksyu djrk gSA ;g vk;ke dkQh cM+k gksrk gS fdUrq vuar ugha gksrk D;ksfd vkids >qys esa lnSo
dqN voeanu mifLFkr gksrk gSA ;g fLFkfr b esa Li"V gks tk,sxkA
(b) tc ifjpkyd vko`fr izkd`frd vko`fr ds fudV gks : ;fn d,, ds vfr fudV gks m  2  2d  ds mfpr ekuks
ds fy, d b, ls cgqr de gksxkA bl voLFkk esa lehdj.k gks tkrk gSA
F0
A
db
blls Li"V gS fd fdlh fuf'pr ifjpkyd vko`fr ds fy, vf/kdre laHko vk;ke ifjpkyd vko`fr rFkk voeanu ij
fuHkZj djrk gS vksj bl izdkj dHkh Hkh vuar ugh gksrk gSA ifjpkyd vko`fr dk oLrq ds nksyu dh izkd`frd vko`fr
ds cjkcj gksus dh fLFkfr esa nksyu ds vk;ke ds vf/kdre gksus dh ifj?kVuk dks vuqukn dgrs gSA

Example 3. m nzO;eku dk ,d d.k k fLizax fu;rkad dh ,d fLizax ls tqMk gqvk gS rFkk bldh izkd`frd dksf.k;
vko`fr0 gSA ,d ckâ; cy F(t) tksfd nksfy=k ij vkjksfir gS] cos t ( 0) ds lekuqikrh gSA nksfy=k dk
le; ds Qyu ds :i esa foLFkkiu lekuqikfr gksxkA
m 1 1 m
(1) (2) (3) (4)
02
 2
m(02  )
2
m(02  )
2
02  2
Solution : x(t) = Acos (dt+0)
F0
tgk¡ A
 
2
m2 2  2d  2db2
vYi voeanu ds fy,
F0  F0 
A  x (t) =  2 
cos(d  0 ) Ans (2)
[m(  d2 )]  m(  d ) 
2 2

Example 4. d.k ds iz.kksfnr nksyu esa vk;ke cy dh 1 vko`fr ds fy, vf/kdre gS tcfd ÅtkZ cy dh 2 vko`fr ds
fy, vf/kdre gSA rc
(1) 1 = 2 (2) 1 > 2
(3) 1 < 2 tc voeanu vYi gS rFkk 1 > 2 tc voeanu vf/kd gSA
(4) 1 < 2
Solution : vk;ke rFkk ÅtkZ nksuksa vuqukn ij vf/kdre gksrh gS tcfd vkjksfir vko`fr nksyu dh izkd`frd vko`fr ds
cjkcj gksrh gSA vr%1 = 2 = 0
Ans (1)
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Simple Harmonic Motion
Example 5. ;fn t = 0s ls t = s, ds e/; le; vUrjky esa ;fn ljy yksyd dk lkFkZd vk;ke ¼ ewy ds 1/e
xq.kkad rd½ gS rc  yksyd dk vkSlr vk;qdky dgykrk gSA tc yksyd ds xksyh; xksyd dk eanu ¼';ku
?k"kZ.k ds dkj.k½ b ds lkFk blds osx ds lekuqikrh gS ¼b lekuqikrh fu;rkad gS½ rc yksyd dk vkSly
vk;qdky gksxk ¼ ;g ekfu;s fd voeanu vYi gSA½
0.693 1 2
(1) (2) b (3) (4)
b b b
Solution : A (t) = A0e–bt/2m
A0
= A0e–bt/2m
e
2m
  
b
kx
fn;k x;k gSA  a  
b
nh xbZ lehdj.k esa  bv  Ans (4)
m  m 

Example 6. 5 lSd.M esa voeafnr nksfy=k dk vk;ke blds izkjfEHkd eku ds 0.9 xquk rd ?kVrk gSA 10 lSd.M esa ;g
blds izkjfEHkd eku ds  xquk rd ?kVrk gS tgk  gksxkA
(1) 0.7 (2) 0.81 (3) 0.729 (4) 0.6
Solution. A (t) = A0e–bt/2m fn;k gS A (5) = 0.9 A0
0.9A0= A0e–b(5)/2m A (15) =  A0
 A0= A0e–b(15)/2m
  = (0.9)3 = 0.729
Ans (3)

Example 7. Kkr dhft, fd dkSulk fudk; U;wu voeafnr] vfr voeafnr ;k Økafrd voeafnr gSA
d2 x dx d2 x dx
(i) 2
4  3x  0 (ii) 2
4  4x  0
dt dt dt dt
2
d x dx
Solution : m 2
 b  kx  0
dt dt
;fn b2 < 4mk rc fudk; U;wu voeafnr gksrk gSA
;fn b2 > 4mk rc fudk; vfr voeafnr gksrk gSA
;fn b2 = 4mk rc fudk; Økafrd voeafnr gksrk gSA
(i) U;wu voeanu (ii) Økafrd voeanu

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Simple Harmonic Motion

 fpfUgr iz'u nksgjkus ;ksX; iz'u gSA

Hkkx - I : fo"k;kRed iz'u ¼SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS½
[k.M+ (A) : ljy vkorZ xfr dk lehdj.k

A-1. ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgs ,d d.k dk lehdj.k x  (5m)sin (s1 )t   gSA vk;ke] izkjfEHkd dyk fu;rkad]
 6
vkorZdky o vf/kdre pky fyf[k,A

A-2. 10 g nzO;eku dk ,d d.k lehdj.k x = (2.0 cm) sin [(100 s–1) t+ /6] ds vuqlkj nksyu djrk gSA Kkr djks
(a) vk;ke, vkorZdky o cy fu;rkad (b) t = 0 ij fLFkfr] osx o Roj.kA

A-3. ,d ljy vkorZ xfr dk vk;ke A o vkorZdky T gSA blds }kjk fuEu nwjh r; djus ds fy, vko';d le; Kkr
dhft,A
A A A
(a) x = 0 ls x = A/2 rd (b) x = 0 ls x = rd (c) x = A ls x = A/2 rd (d) x = – ls x = rd
2 2 2
A
(e) x = ls x = A rd
2

A
A-4. ,d d.k A vk;ke o v0 vf/kdre osx ls ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA ek/; voLFkk ls nwjh ij bldh pky Kkr
2
djksA

A-5. ,d d.k vk;ke 10 cm o vkorZdky 6 s ls ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA t = 0 ij ek/; fLFkfr ls bldh fLFkfr
x = 5 cm gS rFkk ;g /kukRed x-fn'kk esa tk jgk gSA le; t ij foLFkkiu x ds fy, lehdj.k fy[kksA t = 4s ij d.k
ds Roj.k dk ifjek.k Kkr djksA

A-6. ,d d.k ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA d.k dh og fLFkfr;ka Kkr djksa tgk¡ d.k dh pky 8 cm/s gS] ;fn d.k dh
pky rFkk Roj.k ds vf/kdre ifjek.k Øe'k% 10 cm/s rFkk 50 cm/s2 gSA

[k.M+ (B) : ÅtkZ

B-1. ,d d.k 10cm vk;ke ds lkFk ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA ek/; fLFkfr ls fdl nwjh ij d.k dh xfrt ÅtkZ
mldh fLFkfr ÅtkZ dh rhu xquh gksxh \

B-2. ,d 0.2 kg nzO;eku dh oLrq x–v{k ds vuqfn'k (25/)Hz dh vko`fÙk ls ljy vkorZ xfr djrh gSA fLFkfr
x = 0.04m ij oLrq dh xfrt ÅtkZ 0.5 J o fLFkfrt ÅtkZ 0.4 J gSA nksyu dk vk;ke Kkr djksA [1994 ; 2M]

[k.M+ (C) : fLçax nzO;eku fudk;

C-1. ,d fLizax nzO;eku fudk; dk vkorZdy 2 lsd.M gSA ;fn CykWd dk nzO;eku 10 xzke gks] rks fLizax dk fLizax fu;rkad
D;k gksuk pkfg,A
C-2. ,d Å/okZ/kj fLçax ls yVdh 2 kg nzO;eku dh oLrq 4s ds vkorZ dky ls ljy vkorZ xfr djrh gSA ;fn nksyu jksd
fn;s tk;sa o oLrq lkE;koLFkk esa yVdh jgrh gS] rks fLçax esa laxzfgr fLFkfrt ÅtkZ Kkr djksA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
C-3. ,d Å/okZ/kj fLizax nzO;eku fudk; ftlesa fLizax dk uhpyk fljk fLFkj gS] esa vYi nksyu djok;s tkrs gSA ;fn fLizax
dks 25 cm ls [khapk tkrk gS rks fLiazx 5 J ÅtkZ laxzfgr djrh gSA ;fn xqVdk izR;sd lsd.M esa 5 nksyu djrk gS rks
xqVds dk nzO;eku Kkr djksA

C-4. fp=k esa ,d fLizax nzO;eku fudk; fn[kk;k x;k gS] fLizax izkjEHk esa
vfoLrkfjr gSA ,d O;fDr fu;r cy F ls oLrq dks [khapuk izkjEHk djrk k
M F
gS rks Kkr djks
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
(a) oLrq dh xfr dk vk;ke o vkorZdky
(b) ek/; voLFkk ij oLrq dh xfrt ÅtkZ
(c) fLizax esa laxzfgr ÅtkZ tc CykWd ek/; voLFkk ls xqtjrk gSA

C-5. fp=kkuqlkj rhu fLizax nzO;eku fudk; fn[kk;s x;s gS rFkk xq:Roh; eqDr {ks=k ekuuk gSA izR;sd fLFkfr esa nksyu dk
vkorZdky Kkr djksA ;fn {ks=k xq:Roghu ugh gks rks mÙkj D;k gksaxs \

(a) (b) (c)

C-6. fp=k esa fLizax nzO;eku fudk; fn[kk;k x;k gSA tc CykWd ek/;oLFkk ij gS] rc çR;sd fLçax esa laxzfgr çR;kLFk
fLFkfrt ÅtkZ Kkr djksA fi.M ds Å/okZ/kj nksyu dk vkorZdky Hkh Kkr djksA

[k.M+ (D) : ljy yksyd

D-1. ml LFkku ij lsd.M yksyd dh yECkkbZ Kkr djks] tgk¡ g = 2 m/s2 A


D-2. ,d ljy yksyd dh Mksjh ds }kjk Å/okZ/kj ds lkFk cuk;k x;k rkR{kf.kd dks.k ¼jsfM;u esa½ le; ij  = sin2t ds
180
vuqlkj fuHkZj djrk gSA rks yksyd dh yEckbZ Kkr djks ;fn g = 2 m/s2 gSA

D-3. ,d yksyd ?kM+h ml LFkku ij lgh le; nsrh gS tgka g = 9.8 m/s2 gSA ;g fdlh nwljs LFkku ij ys tkbZ tkrh gS]
tgka ;g 24 ?k.Vs esa 24 lSd.M ihNs jg tkrh gS rks bl u;s LFkku ij g dk eku Kkr djksA

D-4. ,d yksyd ,d fy¶V esa yVdk gS o bldk nksyu dky T0 gS] tc fy¶V fLFkj gSA
3g
(i) yksyd dk nksyu dky T D;k gksxk] ;fn fy¶V uhps dh vksj Roj.k ls pyuk çkjEHk djs ?
4
T0
(ii) yksyd dk nksyudky gksus ds fy, fy¶V dk Roj.k D;k gksuk pkfg, ?
2

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Simple Harmonic Motion
[k.M+ (E) : fi.M yksyd o ejksM+h yksyd
E-1. HkkSfrd yksyd fuEu ls cuk;k tkrk gS
(a) ,d  yEckbZ dh NM+ tks N+M ds dsUnz ls /4 nwjh ij yVdh gSA
(b) nzO;eku m o f=kT;k r dh ,d oy; tks bldh ifjf/k ij fdlh fcUnq ls yVdh gSA
(c) ,d dksus ls yVdh gqbZ a Hkqtk dh ,d le:i oxkZdkj IysV
(d) dsUnz ls r/2 nwjh ij yVdh gqbZ m nzO;eku o r f=kT;k dh ,d le:i pdrhA izR;sd fLFkfr esa vYi nksyuksa dk
vkorZdky Kkr dhft,A

E-2. nks Hkksfrd yksyd fuEUk ls cuk;s x;s gSA

(a) r f=kT;k dh ,d pdrh
(b) L yEckbZ dh ,d leku N+M
vYi nksyuksa ds fy, U;wure laHko vkorZdky Kkr dhft, RkFkk U;wure laHko vkorZdky ds fy, fNnz dh dsUnz
ls nwjh Hkh Kkr djksA

[k.M+ (F) : ljy vkorZ xfr dk v/;kjksi.k

F-1. fuEUk nks ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa ds v/khu ,d d.k xfr'khy gS X1 = a1Sint rFkk X2 = a2Sin(t + ) tgk¡ a1 = 3.0 cm,
a2 = 4.0 cm nksuksa xfr;ksa dk ifj.kkeh vk;ke Kkr djks ;fn bu xfr;ksa ds e/; dykUrj (a) 0°, (b) 60°, (c) 90° gksA

F-2. rhu ljy vkorZ xfr;k¡ tks leku vk;ke a rFkk leku vkorZ dky ds lkFk ,d fn'kk esa gks jgh gS] ds v/khu ,d
d.k xfr dj jgk gSA f}rh; xfr] çFke ls 30° dykUrj vkxs rFkk r`rh; xfr] f}rh; xfr ls 30° dykUrj vkxs gS]
rks ifj.kkeh xfr dk vk;ke Kkr djksA

F-3. nks yEcor~ nksyu x = sin t rFkk y = 2cos 2t ,d lkFk ,d d.k ij dk;Zjr gS] rks d.k ds iFk dk lehdj.k
fy[kksA

[k.M+ (G) : JEE-Main ds fy,

G-1. d.k ds iz.kksfnr nksyu esa vk;ke cy dh 1 vko`fr ds fy, vf/kdre gksrk gSA tcfd 2 vko`fr ds fy, ÅtkZ
vf/kdre gksrh gSA 1 rFkk 2 esa lEcU/k D;k gksxkA
G-2. fp=k eas iznf'kZr voeafnr nksyu ds fy, CykWd dk nzO;eku 200 g, k = 80 Nm–1 gS rFkk voeanu fu;rkad b = 40 g s–1
gSA x.kuk dhft,A
(a) nksyu dk vkorZdky
(b) nksyu dk vk;ke izkjfEHkd eku ds vk/ks gksus esa fy;k x;k le;
(c) ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ izkjfEHkd eku dh vk/kh gksus esa fy;k x;k le;

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Simple Harmonic Motion
Hkkx - II : dsoy ,d lgh fodYi çdkj (ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE)

[k.M+ (A) : ljy vkorZ xfr dh lehdj.k

A-1. oSKkfudksa ds vuqlkj og ,d cy F= –cx1/3 ,d d.k ij vkjksfir djrk gS rFkk d.k ljyvkorZ xfr djrk gSA d.k ij
vU; dksbZ cy dk;Zjr ugha gS rFkk c fu;rkad gS ;k ugh] ;g ugh crk;k tkrk gSA (ekuk gS fd flQZ x /kukRed gS)
(A) tSlkfd x c<+us ij c c<+sxkA (B) tSlkfd x c<+us ij c ?kVsxkA
(C) tSlkfd x c<+us ij c vifjofrZr jgsxkA (D) xfr ljy vkorhZ ugha gks ldrhA

A-2. ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gqvk ,d d.k xfr ds ,d fuf'pr fcUnq ij d.k dh nks Øekxr mifLFkfr;ksa ds e/;
le;kUrjky T ¼ljy vkorZ xfr dk vkoZrdky½ ysrk gS ;g fcUnq gS &
(A) lhekUr fLFkfr (B) ek/; fLFkfr
(C) /kukRed lhekUr fLFkfr o ek/; fLFkfr ds chp (D) _.kkRed lhekUr fLFkfr o ek/; fLFkfr ds chp

A-3. ,d d.k js[kh; ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA d.k dk vkorZdky d.k }kjk fo'ks"k osx v çkIr djus esa fy;s x;s
U;wure le;kUrjky ds cjkcj gksrk gSA v dk ifjek.k gks ldrk gSA
Vmax Vmax
(A) 'kwU; (B) Vmax (C) (D)
2 2

A-4. ;fn F cy lfn'k v osx lfn'k a Roj.k lfn'k rFkk r ek/; fLFkfr ls foLFkkiu lfn'k gS rks ,d ljy js[kk ds
vuqfn'k ljy vkorZ xfr esa fuEu esa ls dkSulh jkf'k;k¡ ges'kk v_.kkRed jgrh gS \
(A) F . a (B) v . r (C) a . r (D) F . r
A-5. nks ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa dks y = a sin (t – ) rFkk y = b cos (t – ) ls çnf'kZr djrs gSA bu nksuksa ds
e/; dykUrj gksxkA
   3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 4 6 4
A-6. vkorhZ nksyu djrs d.k dh xfr çkjEHk gksus ds fdrus le; i'pkr~ d.k dk foLFkkiu] vkk;ke dk vk/kk gksxk ;fn
vkorZdky 24 lSd.M rFkk d.k fLFkjkoLFkk ls çkjEHk gksrk gSA
(A) 12s (B) 2s (C) 4s (D) 6s
A-7. ljy vkorZ xfr es lkE;koLFkk ls vk/ks vkorZ dky esa vkSlr Roj.k dk ifjek.k gksxk&
2A2 A2 A2
(A) (B) (C) (D) 'kwU;
 2 2

A-8. ,d d.k y-v{k ij lehdj.k y = A + B sin t ds vuqlkj ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gS] rks bldk vk;ke gksxkA
(A) A (B) B (C) A + B (D) A 2  B2

A-9. nks d.k leku ljy js[kk ds vuqfn'k leku ek/; fLFkfr ls leku vk;ke rFkk leku vko`fÙk ls ljy vkorZ xfr
djrs gSaA tc os ,d nwljs dks fcuk VDdj ds ikj (cross) djrs gSa] rc os foijhr fn'kk esa xfr dj jgs gksrs gSa vkSj
ml {k.k tc ek/; fLFkfr ls mudk foLFkkiu muds vk;ke dk vk/kk gksrk gS] rc muds e/; dykUrj gksxk&
(A) 0° (B) 120° (C) 180° (D) 135°
A-10. ,d nzO;eku M js[kh; ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA Roj.k a rFkk laxr js[kh; osx v ds e/; lgh ys[kkfp=k gksxk&

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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Simple Harmonic Motion
[k.M+ (B) : ÅtkZ
B-1. ljy vkorZ xfr djrh oLrq lkE;koLFkk ls xqtjrh gSA bl {k.k] blesa
(A) vf/kdre fLFkfrt ÅtkZ gksxhA (B) vf/kdre xfrt ÅtkZ gksxhA
(C) U;wure xfrt ÅtkZ gksxhA (D) vf/kdre Roj.k gksxkA

B-2. A vk;ke ls ljy vkorZ xfr djrs d.k dh K.E. rFkk P.E. cjkcj gks rks bldk foLFkkiu gksxk
2A A A 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) A
2 2 3

B-3. 0.1 fdxzk- nzO;eku dk ,d fcUnq d.k 0.1 ehVj ds vk;ke ls ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA tc d.k viuh
ek/;koLFkk ls xqtjrk gS rks bldh xfrt ÅtkZ 8 × 10–3 twy gSA xfr dk lehdj.k D;k gks ldrh gS] tcfd nksyu
dh çkjfEHkd dyk 45° gS% [I.I.T. 1991]

       
(A) 0.1 cos  4t   (B) 0.1 sin  4t   (C) 0.4 sin  t   (D) 0.2 sin   2t 
 4  4  4 2 

B-4. ljy vkorZ xfr djrs gq, d.k ds fy, %

(A) xfrt ÅtkZ dHkh Hkh fLFkfrt ÅtkZ ds cjkcj ugha gksrh gSA
(B) xfrt ÅtkZ ges'kk fLFkfrt ÅtkZ ds cjkcj gksrh gSA
(C) ,d vkorZ dky esa vkSlr xfrt ÅtkZ bl vkorZ dky esa vkSlr fLFkfrt ÅtkZ ds cjkcj gksrh gSA
(D) fdlh Hkh le;kUrjky esa vkSlr xfrt ÅtkZ bl le;kUrjky esa vkSlr fLFkfrt ÅtkZ ds cjkcj gksrh gSA

B-5. uhps fn;s x;s ys[kkfp=k esa ljy vkorZ xfr djrh ,d oLrq ds Roj.k a rFkk vkorZdky T ds e/; laca/k iznf'kZr fd;k
x;k gSA blds laxr xfrt ÅtkZ KE o le; t ds e/; lgh ys[kkfp=k gksxk&

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3
B-6. ,d d.k A vk;ke ls ljy js[kk ds vuqfn'k ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gS tc ;g ek/; fLFkfr ls A nwjh ij gS rc
2
1
bldh xfrt ÅtkZ] vkosxh; cy }kjk m2A2 c<+k nh tkrh gSA vr% bldk u;k vk;ke gS :
2
5 3
(A) A (B) A (C) 2A (D) 5A
2 2
[k.M+ (C) : fLçax nzO;eku fudk;
C-1. leku nzO;eku rFkk fLizax fu;rkad Øe'k% k1 o k2 ds nks fLizxa nzO;eku fudk; gSA ;fn buds vf/kdre osx leku gS
rks 1st ds vk;ke dk 2nd ds vk;ke ds lkFk vuqikr gS&
(A) k1 / k 2 (B) k1/k2 (C) k2/k1 (D) k 2 / k1

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Simple Harmonic Motion
C-2. ,d m nzO;eku dh f[kykSuk xkM+h ls nks leku jcj ds fjcu fp=k esa fn[kk, vuqlkj cka/ks x;s gSA jcj ds fjcu dk
cy fu;rkad k rFkk lrg ?k"kZ.kghu gSA lkE;koLFkk ij fjcu vfo:fir voLFkk esa gSA dkj dks ek/;koLFkk ls x cm
foLFkkfir djds NksM+ fn;k tk, rks dEiUu dky gksxkA

m(2k) 1 m(2k) m m
(A) 2 (B) (C) 2 (D) 2
k 2 2 k2 k k k

C-3. ,d 1 fdxzk- dk nzO;eku fLçax ds fupys fljs ls tqM+k gS rFkk fdlh fuf'pr vko`fÙk ls dEiUu dj jgk gSA vko`fÙk ds
bl fuf'pr eku dks vk/kk djus ds fy, fuEu nzO;eku tksM+uk iM+sxk : [REE – 1988]

(A) 1 kg (B) 2 kg (C) 3 kg (D) 4 kg

C-4. m fdxzk nzO;eku dh ,d xsan] k fLizax fu;rkad okyh fLizax ls yVdk;h tkrh gSA xsan T lSd.M vkorZ dky ls nksyu
djrh gSA ;fn xasn dks gVk fn;k tk, rks fLizax fuEu yEckbZ ls NksVh ¼ek/; fLFkfr ls yEckbZ ds lkis{k½ gks tk;sxh &
gT 2 3T 2 g Tm Tk
(A) ehVj (B) ehVj (C) ehVj (D) ehVj
(2) 2
(2)2 k m

C-5. fn;s x;s fp=k esa ,d fpdus ur ry dk {kSfrt ds lkFk dks.k 30º gSA bl ur ry ij
2.5 kg nzO;eku dk ,d xqVdk j[kk gqvk gS ftls fLizax ds ,d fljs ls tksM+k gqvk gSA
fLizax dk nwljk fljk ur ry ds Åijh fljs ls tqM+k gSA ;fn nzO;eku dks ur ry ds
vuqfn'k 2.5 lseh Åij ys tk;k tkrk gS rks fLizax esa ruko ?kVdj 'kwU; gks tkrk gSA ;fn tM+or~
vc nzO;eku dks Lora=k NksM+ fn;k tk, rks nksyuksa dh dks.kh; vko`fÙk jsfM;[email protected] esa
gksxh %
(A) 0.707 (B) 7.07 (C) 1.414 (D) 14.14

C-6. fLçax }kjk vkjksfir çR;ku;u cy ds dkj.k ,d d.k ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gSA vkorZ dky T gSA ;fn fLçax dks nks
Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr dj fn;k tk;s rFkk blds vk/ks ,d Hkkx ls ljy vkorZ xfr djkbZ tk; rks vkorZ dky &
(A) T ds cjkcj gksxkA (B) 2T gks tk,xkA (C) T/2 gks tk,xkA (D) T/ 2 gks tk,xkA

C-7. fp=k esa fn[kk;sa vuqlkj ?k"kZ.k jfgr ry ij j[ks gq, M nzO;eku ds ,d CykWd ls pkj fLçax tqM+h gqbZ gSA ftuds cy
fu;rkad 2k, 2k, k rFkk 2k gSA ;fn M nzO;eku dks {kSfrt fn'kk esa foLFkkfir fd;k tk, rks fudk; dh vko`fÙk gksxh %
[JEE 1990]

1 k 1 4k 1 k 1 7k
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 4M 2 M 2 7M 2 M

1
C-8. ,d fLizax dh enn ls ljy vkorZ xfr djrs gq, m nzO;eku ds ,d d.k dh dqy ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ E = m2A2 gSA
2
ekuk d.k dks nwljs m/2 nzO;eku ds d.k ls çfrLFkkfir dj fn;k tkrk gS tcfd vk;ke A vifjofrZr gS rks ubZ
;kaf=kd ÅtkZ gksxhA
(A) 2E (B) 2E (D) E/2 (D) E

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Simple Harmonic Motion
[k.M+ (D) : ljy yksyd
D-1. nks yksyd ,d lkFk nksyu çkjEHk djrs gSA igyk yksyd 9 nksyu iwjs djrk gS] tc nwljk 7 iwjs djrk gSA nksuksa
yksydksa dh yEckbZ;ksa dk vuqikr gksxkA
49 7 50 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
81 9 81 2

D-2. nks yksyd tks fd izkjEHk esa fLFkjkoLFkk esa gS] ,d lkFk nksyu izkjEHk djrs gSA mudh yEckbZ Øe'k% 1.44 eh- rFkk
1 eh- gSA os iqu% ,d lkFk ,d gh dyk esa gksxs ¼yEcs yksyd ds lkis{k½ &

(A) 1 dEiUu ds ckn (B) 3 dEiUu ds ckn (C) 4 dEiUu ds ckn (D) 5 dEiUu ds ckn

D-3. ,d oSKkfud ,d fLFkj fy¶V esa ljy yksyd dk vkorZdky T ekirk gSA ;fn fy¶V Åij dh rjQ g/4 Roj.k ls
xfr djs rks u;k vkorZdky gksxk%&

T 2 5
(A) (B) 4 T (C) T (D) T
4 5 2

D-4. ,d ljy yksyd dk vkorZdky T gSA ;fn bldk vk;ke 5% de gks tk;s rks blds vkorZdky esa fdrus çfr'kr
ifjorZu gks tk,xk ?
(A) 6 % (B) 3 % (C) 1.5 % (D) 0 %

D-5. ,d ljy yksyd ftldh yEckbZ  o xksyd dk nzO;eku m gS] A y?kq vk;ke ls ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gSA jLlh esa
vf/kdre ruko gksxk &
(A) mg(1 + A/) (B) mg (1 + A/)2 (C) mg[1 + (A/)2] (D) 2 mg

[k.M+ (E) : fi.M yksyd o ejksM+h yksyd

E-1. ,d 25 fdxzk- nzO;eku dk Bksl xksyk ftldh f=kT;k 20 lseh- gS] ,d m/oZ rkj ls bl izdkj yVdk;k tkrk gS fd
fuyEcu fcUnq xksys ds dsUnz ls Bhd Åij ¼m/okZ/kj½ gSA xksys dks 1.0 jsfM;u dks.k ls ?kqekus ds fy, rFkk mlds ckn
viuh fLFkfr dks cuk;s j[kus ds fy, 0.10 U;wVu&eh- dk cy&vk?kw.kZ vko';d gSA vxj rRi'pkr~ xksys dks eqDr
NksM+ fn;k tk;s rks blds nksyuksa dk vkorZdky gksxk &
(A)  lSd.M (B) 2  lSd.M (C) 2 lSd.M (D) 4 lSd.M

E-2. ,d fljs ds lkis{k >wy jgh ,d ehVj NM+ f0 vko`fÙk ls nksyu djrh gSA vxj NM+ dk uhps dk vk/kk Hkkx dkV fn;k
tk, rks nksyuksa dh u;h vko`fÙk D;k gksxh &
(A) f0 (B) 2 f0 (C) 2f0 (D) 2 f0

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Simple Harmonic Motion
[k.M+ (F) : ljy vkorZ xfr dk v/;kjksi.k
F-1. tc leku vko`fÙk] leku vk;ke rFkk leku dyk dh nks ijLij yEcor~ ljy vkorZ xfr;k¡ v/;kjksfir gksrh gSa rks &
(A) ifj.kkeh xfr le:i o`Ùkh; xfr gksrh gSA
(B) ifj.kkeh xfr] xfr;ksa dh ljy js[kkvksa ds ,d ?kVd ls leku :i ls >qdh gqbZ ljy js[kk ds vuqfn'k js[kh;
ljy vkorZ xfr gSA
(C) ifj.kkeh xfr] xfr ds ?kVdksa dh js[kk ds lkis{k lefer nh?kZo`Ùkh; xfr gksxhA
(D) nksuksa ljy vkorZ xfr ,d nwljs dks fujLr dj nsaxhA

F-2. xfr esa ,d d.k dh ewy fcUnq ds lkis{k fLFkfr y = Csint + Dcost ls nh tkrh gS rks d.k dh xfr gS
(A) C + D vk;ke dh ljy vkorZ xfr gSA (B) C2  D2 vk;ke dh ljy vkorZ xfr gSA
(C) (C + D)/2 vk;ke dh ljy vkorZ xfr gSA (D) ljy vkorZ xfr ugha gSA

F-3. ,d ljy vkorZ xfr y = 5 (sin 3t + 3 cos 3t) ls iznf'kZr dh tkrh gSA xfr dk vk;ke D;k gksxk] ;fn y ehVj
esa gS\
(A) 100 cm (B) 5 m (C) 200 cm (D) 1000 cm
F-4. x-y ry esa xfr djrs gq, ,d d.k dk fLFkfr lfn'k r = (A sint) î + (A cost) ĵ ls fn;k tkrk gS rks d.k dh xfr
(A) ljy vkorZ xfr gSA (B) o`Ùk ij xfr gSA (C) ljy js[kk ij xfr gSA (D) fu;r Roj.k ls gksrh gSA

[k.M+ (G) : JEE Main ds fy,

1
G-1. tc ,d voefUnr nksyd 100 nksyu iwjs djrk gS] rks mldk vk;ke izkjfEHkd eku dk gks tkrk gSA 200 nksyu
3
iwjs djus ds i'pkr~ bldk vk;ke gks tk;sxk % [AIPMT 2002]
1 2 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
8 3 6 9
G-2. fdlh nksfy=k ij voeUnd&cy osx ds lekuqikrh gksrk gS rks] lekuqikrh fu;rkad dk ek=kd gS :
(A) kgms–1 (B) kgms–2 (C) kgs–1 (D) kgs

Hkkx - III : dkWye dks lqesfyr dhft, (MATCH THE COLUMN )

1. ,d ljy vkorZ xfr dfEi=k esa] k = 200 N/m dh fLizax ds lkFk ,d fi.M tqM+k gSaA fi.M ?k"kZ.k jfgr {kSfrt lrg
ij lkE;oLFkk fcUnq x = 0 ds lkFk ljdrk gSA fi.M ds osx v dk le; t ds Qyu ds :i esa fp=k.k xzkQ esa n'kkZ;k
x;k gSA ck;sa LrEHk esa nh xbZ lwpuk dks nk;sa LrEHk esa fn;s x;s ifjek.kksa ls lgh feykvks & (2 = 10 dk iz;ksx djsa)
V(m/s)
2

0.10 0.20
0 t(s)

-2

cka;k LrEHk nk;k¡ LrEHk

(A) fi.M dk nzO;eku fdxzk- esaA (p) – 0.20

(B) t = 0 ij fi.M dk foLFkkiu ehVj esaA (q) – 200

(C) t = 0.10 lsd.M ij fi.M dk Roj.k eh-@ls-2 esaA (r) 0.20

(D) fi.M dh egRre xfrt ÅtkZ twy esaA (s) 4.0

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Simple Harmonic Motion
2. LrEHk-I esa ,d fudk; dh fLFkfr dks izR;sd fodYi crk;k x;k gS rFkk mlds laxr vkorZdky LrEHk -II esa fn;k x;k
gSA rks budksa lqesfyr djksA
LrEHk-I LrEHk-II
2
(A) ,d ljy yksyd tks fd yEckbZ '' dk gS tks fd (p) T = 2
3g
,d vYi vk;ke ds lkFk fy¶V esa nksyu dj jgk

gSA fy¶V uhps dh rjQ eUnu g/2 ls tk jgh gSA

(B) ,d CykWd dks ,d Å/okZ/kj fLizax ds ,d fljs ij yxk (q) T = 2

g
fn;k tkrk gS ftldk nwljk fljk ,d fLFkj fy¶V dh Nr
ls tM+or yxk gS rFkk lkE;oLFkk esa ;g fLizax esa  foLrkj
djrh gSA bldk vkorZdky D;k gksxk tc fy¶V Åij
dh rjQ g/2 Roj.k ls tk jgh gksxhA
2
(C) yEckbZ dh ,d le:i NM+ dks ,d (r) T = 2
g
fljs ij fcUkk ?k"kZ.k ds fdydhr dj fn;k tkrk gSA
;g NM+ Å/okZ/kj ry esa nksyu dj jgh gSA rks NksVs
nksyuksa ds fy, bldk vkorZdky gksxkA

(D) ,d ?kukdkj CykWd dh Hkqtk  gS rFkk fof'k"V (s) T = 2

2g
?kuRo ¼xq:Ro½ 1/2 gS rFkk bldk dqN vk;ru ikuh ds
vUnj gS tks fd ,d cM+s tM+or ik=k esa Hkjk gqvk gS] ;g
lkE;koLFkk esa gSA ';ku cyksa o i`"Bruko dks ux.; ekuks
rks Å/okZ/kj fn'kk esa NksVs nksyuksa ds fy, CykWd dk vkorZdky gksxkA

 fpfUgr iz'u nksgjkus ;ksX; iz'u gSA

Hkkx - I : dsoy ,d lgh fodYi çdkj (ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE)

1. fn;s x;s fp=k esa ,d xqVdk ftldk nzO;eku m gS] ,d fiLVu ij fLFkjkoLFkk esa gSA fiLVu
1 sec. ds vkorZdky ls Å/okZ/kj ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA xfr dk og U;wure vk;ke D;k
gksxk] ftl ij xqVdk rFkk fiLVu ,d nwljs ls vyx gks tk;sa &
(A) 0.25 m (B) 0.52 m (C) 2.5 m (D) 0.15 m

2. m nzO;eku dk ,d d.k tks fd ,dfoeh; fLFkfrt {ks=k esa fLFkr gS] dh fLFkfrt ÅtkZ U(x) = U0(1 – cos ax) ls
ifjofrZr gksrh gS] tgk¡ U0 rFkk a fu;rkad gSaA ek/; voLFkk ds lkis{k d.k ds y?kq nksyuksa dk vkorZ dky gksxk&
m am m a 2m
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 2
aU0 U0 a2U0 U0

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Simple Harmonic Motion
3. fp=kkuqlkj ,d m nzO;eku dh Bksl xsan H Å¡pkbZ ls ,d pkSM+s iyM+s ij fxjrh gS tks k fLizax fu;rkad okyh fLizax ls
yVdk gSA ;fn iyM+k nzO;eku jfgr rFkk xsan Vdjkdj okil ugha mNyrh gS] rks nksyu dk vk;ke gksxk&

mg  
1/2 1/ 2 1/ 2 
mg mg  2HK  mg  2HK  2HK 
(A) (B) 1   (C)   (D) 1   1   
K k  mg  K  mg  K   mg  
 
4. fp=kkuqklj nks leku nzO;eku dh IysVsa ,d fLizax ds nksuksa fljksa ls n`<+rk iwoZd tksM+h tkrh gSA ,d IysV
{kSfrt lrg ij foJke voLFkk esa gS tcfd nwljh IysV ds dkj.k fLizax esa y laihM+u gS rFkk ;g fLFkj
vkSj lkE; voLFkk esa gSA og U;wure laihMu ftlds fy;s laihMu cy dks gVkus ds i'pkr~ uhps okyh
IysV xfr ds nkSjku lrg ls laidZ NksM+ ns] gksxk&
(A) 0.5 y (B) 3y (C) 2y (D) y

5.  nks leku fLizax ftudk fLizax fu;rkad k gS] fp=kkuqlkj m nzO;eku ds xqVds ls tqM+h
gqbZ gSA xqVdk ,d {kSfrt fpdus IysVQkWeZ ij f[kld ldrk gSA {kSfrt IysVQkWeZ M
nzO;eku dh Vªkyh dhs foijhr nhokjksa ls tqM+k gSA ;fn xqVds dks x lseh foLFkkfir
djds NksM+ fn;k tk;s rks nksyu dk vkorZdky gksxk&
Mm (M  m) mM (M  m)2
(A) T = 2 (B) T = 2 (C) T = 2 (D) T = 2
2k kmM 2k (M  m) k

6. fp=kkuqlkj nka;h vksj fLFkr xqVdk v pky ls lkE;koLFkk esa fLFkr ck;sa xqVds dh vksj xfr dj jgk gSA lHkh VDdjsa
çR;kLFk gSa rFkk lHkh lrg ?k"kZ.k jfgr gSA vkorZ xfr dk vkorZdky Kkr djks \ nksuksa xqVdks dh pkSM+kbZ ux.; ekfu;sA

m 2L m L m L m L
(A)   (B)   (C)  – (D)  
2k v 2k v 2k v k v
7. ,d  yEckbZ ds ljy yksyd ds xksyd dks t = 0 le; ij vYi dks.kh; foLFkkiu ls NksM+k tkrk gSA fdlh le; t
ij ek/; fLFkfr ls xksyd dk js[kh; foLFkkiu gksxk %
g g g
(A) 0 cos t (B) t cos0 (C) gsin0 (D) 0 sin t

8.  yEckbZ ds ljy yksyd ds vYi nksyuksa dk vkoZrdky D;k gksxk] ;fn fuyEcu fcUnq O i`Foh ds lkis{k fu;r Roj.k
 = 1 î –2 ĵ ls xfr djrk gS ( î rFkk ĵ Øe'k {kSfrt rFkk Å/okZ/kj Åij dh vksj fn'kkvksa esa ,dkad lfn'k gSA) –

(A) T  2 (B) T  2
{(g  2 )2  12 }1/ 2 {(g  1 )2  22 }1/ 2

(C) T  2 (D) T  2
g (g2  12 )1/ 2

9. pkj izdkj ds nksyu fudk;] ,d ljy yksyd] ,d HkkSfrd yksyd] ,d ejksM+h yksyd rFkk ,d fLizax nzO;eku fudk;
ftudk izR;sd dh vko`fÙk leku gS] dks pUnzek ij ys tk;k tkrk gSA vxj pUæek ij vko`fÙk Kkr dh tk, rks fdu
fudk;ksa ;k fudk; esa ;g vifjofrZr gksxk &
(A) fLizax&nzO;eku fudk; rFkk ejksM+h yksyd esa (B) dsoy fLizax nzO;eku fudk; esa
(C) fLizax&nzO;eku fudk; rFkk HkkSfrd nksfy=k esa (D) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA
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Simple Harmonic Motion
10. nzO;eku M rFkk yEckbZ L dh ,d NM+ ,d fljs ls yVdh gqbZ gS rFkk nwljs fupys fljs
ij ,d m nzO;eku dk d.k tqM+k gqvk gSA ,d K1 fLizax fu;rkad dh fLiazx fuyfEcr
fljs ls a nwjh ij rFkk K2 fLizxa fu;rkad dh ,d nwljh fLizax fuyfEcr fljs ls b nwjh
ij fp=kkuqlkj yxk;h x;h gSA ;fn lEiw.kZ fudk; ,d {ksfrt fpduh est ij j[kk gks
rks dEiUuksa dh vko`fÙk gksxh&

a2 k 2b 2
k 2  k1 k1 
1 k1a  k 2b
2 2
1 k 2  k1 1 b2 1 a2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 M 2 M  m 2 M 2 4
L2 (m  ) 4 m mM
3 3 3

11. X-v{k ij ,d d.k lehdj.k x = 10 sin3 (t) ds vuqlkj xfr dj jgk gSA ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa ds ?kVdksa dk vk;ke
rFkk vko`fÙk;ka gS –&
(A) vk;ke 30/4, 10/4 ; vko`fÙk;ka 3/2, 1/2 (B) vk;ke 30/4, 10/4 ; vko`fÙk;ka 1/2, 3/2
(C) vk;ke 10, 10 ; vko`fÙk;ka 1/2, 1/2 (D) vk;ke 30/4, 10 ; vko`fÙk;ka 3/2, 2

12. fuEufyf[kr leku js[kk ij ljy vkorZ xfr;ksa ds v/;kjksi.k }kjk d.k dk vk;ke gksxk
X1 = 2 sin 50 t ; X2 = 10 sin (50  t + 37º)
X3 =  4 sin 50 t ; X4 =  12 cos 50  t
(A) 4 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 2 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

13._ tc ,d oLrq dks ,d jLlh }kjk ,d fLFkj fcUnq ls yVdk;k tkrk gS rks blds Å/okZ/kj nksyuksa dh dks.kh; vko`fÙk
1 gSA tc vyx jLlh dks dke esa ysrs gS rks dks.kh; vko`fÙk 2 gSA tc nksuksa jfLl;ksa dks ,d lkFk Js.kh es dke esa
ysrs gS] rks Å/okZ/kj nksyuksa dh dks.kh; vko`fÙk nh tkrh gS % [Olympiad (Stage-1) 2017]

1 1
1
1
 12  22  2  2  2
12 22 12 22
(A)   12  22  2 (B)     (C)     (D)    
 
 2 
 1 
 2  2
2  
  1
 2 2  2
2  


14._ ,d d.k ,d f vko`fÙk ij ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gSA vko`fÙk ftl ij bldh xfrt ÅtkZ cnyrh gSA
f
(A) f (B) 2f (C) 4f (D) [Olympiad (Stage-1) 2017]
2
15._ ,d d.k izfrd"kZ.k ds nks cyksa ds vUnj lkE;koLFkk esa fojke djrk gS ftuds dsUnz d.k ls a rFkk b nwjh ij gSA nksuksa
cy nwjh ds ?ku ds :i esa cnyrs gSA cyksa ds izfr bdkbZ nzO;eku Øe'k% k rFkk k' gSA ;fn d.k dks muesa ls fdlh
,d dh rjQ FkksM+k lk foLFkkfir dj ns rks xfr ljy vkorhZ gS] rks vkorZdky cjkcj gS & [Olympiad (Stage-1) 2017]

2 2 2 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
 k k'  k k'  k k'  k k'
3 3  3   3  3   4  4  3  
a b  a b a b a b 

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Simple Harmonic Motion
Hkkx - II : ,dy ,oa f}&iw.kk±d eku izdkj (SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE)

1. nks d.k A rFkk B, x rFkk y-v{k ds vuqfn'k leku vk;ke rFkk vko`fÙk Øe'k% 2 cm rFkk 1 Hz ls ljy vkorZ xfr
dj jgs gSaA A rFkk B d.kksa dh lkE;koLFkk fLFkfr;ka Øe'k% (3, 0) rFkk (0, 4) funsZ'kkadksa ij gSA t = 0, ij d.k
B lkE;koLFkk ij gS rFkk ewy fcUnq dh rjQ tk jgk gS vkSj d.k A ewyfcUnq ds lcls fudV gS rFkk ewyfcUnq ls nwj
tk jgk gSA A rFkk B ds e/; dh vf/kdre rFkk U;wure nwfj;ka Øe'k% s1 o s2 gS rc s1 + s2 (cm esa) Kkr djksA

2. nks d.k P rFkk Q leku vk;ke a rFkk leku vko`fÙk f ds lkFk leku ek/; fLFkfr ls ljy js[kk ds vuqfn'k ljy

vkorZ xfr djrs gSaA d.kksa ds e/; vf/kdre nwjh a 2 jgrh gSaA d.kksa ds e/; izkjfEHkd dykUrj gS rc N Kkr
N
dhft,:

3. fLFkjkoLFkk ls ,d dkj LVs'ku A ¼;gk¡ dkj :drh gS½ ls vxys LVs'ku B ¼;gk¡ Hkh dkj :drh gS½ rd f = a – bx
ds vuqlkj ifjofrZr gksus okys Roj.k ds lkFk ljy js[kh; xfr djrh gSA ;gk¡ a o b /kukRed fu;rkad gSa rFkk x,
Na
LVs'ku A ls nwjh gSA nksuksa LVs'kuksa ds chp vf/kdre nwjh x = gS rc N Kkr dhft, &
b

4. ,d d.k dsUnz O ds ifjr% ,d ljy js[kk esa nksyu djrk gS] ftl ij cy dh fn'kk O dh vksj gSA tc d.k O ls 'x'
nwjh ij gS rc d.k ij cy mn2x yxrk gS tgk¡ 'm' nzO;eku o 'n' ,d fu;rkad gSA vk;ke a = 15 cm gSA tc d.k
a
O ls nwjh 3 ij gS rks d.k xfr dh fn'kk esa ,d >Vdk çkIr djrk gS ftlls vfrfjDr osx na çkIr gksrk gSA
2
;fn >Vdk izkIr djrs le; osx O ls nwj dh rjQ gks rks u;k vk;ke k 3 cm gks tkrk gS rks k Kkr dhft,A

5. nks d.k P1 rFkk P2 ,d gh js[kk ds vuqfn'k ,d gh ek/; fLFkfr ds lkis{k ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgs gSA izkjEHk esa ;g
/kukRed pje fLFkfr;ksa esa gksrs gSA vxj izR;sd d.k dk vkorZ dky 12 sec gS rFkk muds vk;ke dk vUrj 12 cm gS
rks og U;wure le; Kkr djks] tc d.kksa ds chp dh nwjh 6 lseh gksrh gS &
6. lHkh lrgksa dks fpduk ekurs gq, ;fn fp=k esa fn[kk;sa x;s d.k dh xfr dk vkorZ dky N × 10–1 sec gS rks N Kkr
djksA ryh esa eqM+s gq, NksVs Hkkx ds çHkko dks ux.; ekuuk gSA (g = 10 m/s2)

7. fp=kkuqlkj cy fu;rkad k, k rFkk 2k okyh rhu fLçaxksa A, B o C ls m nzO;eku dk d.k tqM+k gSA ;fn d.k dks fLçax
Nk
C ds fo:) nckdj NksM+s rks nksyu dh dks.kh; vko`fÙk gS rks N Kkr dhft;sA fudk; {kSfrt fpduh lrg ij
m
fLFkr gSA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
8. fp=k esa 2m æO;eku dh IysV fLFkj rFkk lkE;koLFkk esa gSA m nzO;eku dk ,d d.k
4.5mg
IysV ls Å¡pkbZ ls NksM+k tkrk gSA d.k IysV ls fpid tkrk gSA VDdj ds
k
vUrjky dks ux.; ekurs gq, d.k ds IysV ls fpidus ls ysdj fLizax esa izFke ckj
m
vf/kdre lEihM+u rd dk le; 2 gS] rks a Kkr djksA
ak

nm
9. fn;s fLizax nzO;eku fudk; ds fy, CykWd dk bldh ek/; fLFkfr ds lkis{k vYi nksyu dk vkorZ dky  gS rks
K
n Kkr djks \ lHkh fLFkfr;ka vkn'kZ gSA fudk; Å/okZ/kj ry esa gS rFkk K1 = 2K, K2 = K ysosa

10. iznf'kZr fp=k esa fLizax lkekU; yEckbZ esa gS rFkk nzO;eku m fLizax ls tqM+k gSA fLizax dks 2A ls lEihfM+r djds
t = 0 ij NksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA nzO;eku m nhokj ls Vdjkrk gS rFkk viuh xfrt ÅtkZ dh nks frgkbZ ÅtkZ âkl djds
yksV tkrk gSA t = 0 ls izkjEHk djus ds i'pkr~ CykWd }kjk izFke ckj fojke ¼og {k.k tc nqckjk fLizax vf/kdre
m 12
laihMu dh fLFkfr esa gksrh gS½ dks izkIr djus esa yxk le; Kkr djksaA (  yhft;s)
k 

11. ,d 4 kg dk xqVdk] 100 N/m fLizax fu;rkad okys fLizax ds izR;ku;u cy ds

izHkko esa fpduh {ksfrt lrg ij 0.1 m ds vk;ke ls ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk
gSA tc ;g ek/; fLFkfr ls xqtj jgk gksrk gS rks fp=kkuqlkj ml {k.k ,d 5 kg
nzO;eku dk xqVdk bl ij /khjs ls j[kk tkrk gS] ;g ekurs gq, fd nksuksa xqVds
,d lkFk xfr djrs gS] xfr dk u;k vk;ke n–1 ehVj gS] rks n Kkr dhft,A
12. ,d ljy yksyd ftldh yEckbZ L gS rFkk ;g = 60° >qdko okys fpdus urry ij uhps dh vksj xfr djus okys okgu
XL
dh Nr ij yVdk gS] yksyd dk vkorZ dky  }kjk fn;k x;k gS] rks X Kkr dhft,A [I.I.T. (Scr.) 2000, 1/35]
g

13. fp=k esa ljy yksyd dh xfrt ÅtkZ K rFkk Å/okZ/kj ls dks.k  ds chp xzkQ n'kkZ;k x;k gSA yksyd dk nzO;eku
n
0.2 fdxzk- gSA ;fn ljy yksyd dh yEckbZ ehVj ds cjkcj gS rks n Kkr dhft, & (g = 10 eh-@ls-2).
g
K(mJ)
15

10

5
(mrad)
-100 0 100

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Simple Harmonic Motion
14. fdlh ljy yksyd dk xksyd ikuh esa vkorZdky t ds lkFk ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gS] tcfd bl xksyd ds nksyu
dk ok;q esa vkorZdky t0 gSA ikuh dk ?k"kZ.k cy ux.; ekurs gq, rFkk xksyd dk ?kuRo (4/3) × 1000 kg/m3 fn;k
t
x;k gSA Kkr dhft,A [AIEEE 2004]
t0

15. R f=kT;k dk ,d Bksl xksyk ?kuRo okys nzo esa vk/kk Mwck gSA ;fn xksys dks vYi foLFkkfir dj NksM+k tk, vksj ;g
3
ljy vkorZ xfr djus yxs rks xksys ds nksyuksa dh vko`fÙk y?kq foLFkkiu ds fy, gS] rks n Kkr dhft,A
nR
= g yhft;sA [JEE (Mains) - 2004, 2/60]

16. ,d iryh ,d leku Å/okZ/kj NM+ ftldk nzO;eku m rFkk yEckbZ  gS] fp=kkuqlkj
n
O fcUnq ij dhydhr gSA bl NM+ ds nksyu dh vko`fÙk gS rks n Kkr djksA
2mg
izR;sd fLçax dk cy fu;rkad K/2 gS rFkk K = yhft;sA fLçaxksa ds nzO;eku
ux.; gSA (g = 10 m/s2)

Hkkx - III : ,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd lgh fodYi çdkj

1. X-v{k ij ,d d.k lehdj.k x = x0 sin2 t ds vuqlkj xfr dj jgk gSA ljy vkorZ xfr dk
2 
(A) vk;ke x0/2 gSA (B) vk;ke 2x0 gSA (C) vkorZ dky gSA (D) vkorZ dky gSA
 
2. fuEu esa ls dkSuls Qyu ljy vkorZ xfr çnf'kZr djsaxs \
(A) sin 2t (B) sin2 t (C) sin t + 2 cos t (D) sin t + cos 2t
3. ,d d.k tks fd ,d ljy js[kk ds vuqfn'k xfr dj jgk gS tcfd ;g d.k ljy js[kk ij fLFkr fdlh fuf'pr fcUnq
ls x nwjh ij gS rc d.k dh pky v2 = 108 – 9x2 ls iznf'kZr dh tkrh gS ¼ek/; voLFkk ij 'kwU; dyk fu;rkad ekurs
gq,½ (leLr jkf'k;k¡ cgs i)fr eas gSa)
(A) xfr] ljy js[kk ds vuqfn'k le:i Rofjr gksxhA
(B) fuf'pr fcUnq ls 3 lseh dh nwjh ij Roj.k dk ifjek.k 27 [email protected] gSA
(C) fn;s x;s fuf'pr fcUnq ds lkis{k xfr ljy vkorZ xfr gSA
(D) fuf'pr fcUnq ls vf/kdre foLFkkiu 4 lseh gSA

4. ,d {kSfrt r[rs ij ,d vk;rkdkj fi.M j[kk gSA r[rk Å/oZ fn'kk esa 40 lseh- ds vk;ke ls ljy vkorhZ :i ls
nksyu djuk çkjEHk djrk gSA ;fn xfr ds nkSjku r[rs ds {kf.kd :i ls fLFkjkoLFkk esa vkus ij fi.M dk r[rs ls
laca/k gV tkrk gS] rks :
2
(A) nksyuksa dk vkorZdky   lsd.M gSA
 5 
(B) r[rs dh fdlh ,d {kf.kd fLFkjkoLFkk dh fLFkfr esa fi.M dk otu nqxquk gksxkA
(C) fi.M dk otu vk/kk gksxk tc r[rk vk/kh Åijh ÅapkbZ ij gksxkA
(D) fi.M dk otu Ms<+ xquk gksxk tc r[rk uhps dh vksj vk/kh nwjh ij gksxkA
(E) fi.M dk otu bldk okLrfod lR; otu gksxk tc r[rk rhozre osx ls py jgk gksxkA
5. fn;s x;s fp=k esa ,d {kSfrt vk/kkj ij ,d nzO;eku m j[kk gS rFkk vk/kkj Y v{k ds
vuqfn'k ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gSA ;fn nksyuksa dk vk;ke 2.5 lseh gS rks xfr dk
U;wure vkorZ dky D;k gksxk rkfd nzO;eku vk/kkj ls vyx u gks]
(g = 10 m/sec2 =2 ekfu;s)
10   1
(A) s (B) s (C) s (D) s
 10 10 10
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Simple Harmonic Motion
6. ,d oLrq] vk;ke A, vkorZdky T, vf/kdre osx vmax rFkk izkjfEHkd dyk fLFkjkad 'kwU; ls ljy vkorZ xfr djrh gSA
T
fuEu esa ls dkSuls dFku 0  t  ds fy, lR; gSa ¼ek/; fLFkfr ls foLFkkiu y gS½&
4
(A) y = (A/2) ij v > (vmax/2) (B) v = (vmax/2) dsfy,] y > (A/2)
(C) t = (T/8) ds fy, y > (A/2) (D) y = (A/2) ds fy, t < (T/8)

7. ,d d.k ftldk nzO;eku 0.1 fdxzk gS] x-v{k ds vuqfn'k xfr djrk gSA bldh fLFkfrt ÅtkZ U = 5x (x – 4)J,
lehdj.k }kjk nh tkrh gS] tgka x ehVj esa gSA ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk tk ldrk gS fd &
(A) d.k ij fu;r cy yx jgk gSA (B) d.k dh pky x = 2 eh- ij vf/kdre gSA
(C) d.k ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA (D) d.k ds nksyuksa dk vkorZdky /5 lSd.M gSA

8. ,d d.k tks fd x-v{k ds vuqfn'k xfr djus ds fy, Lora=k gS fd fLFkfrt ÅtkZ –  x  +  ds fy, lehdj.k
U(x) = k[ 1  e x ] ls
2
çnf'kZr gS] tgk¡ k mi;qDr foekvksa ds lkFk /kukRed fu;rkad gS rks vlR; dFkuksa dk pqfu;s %
(A) ewy fcUnq ls nwj okys fcUnqvksa ij d.k vLFkkbZ lkE;koLFkk esa gksxkA [JEE - 1999, 2/200]

(B) x ds fdlh Hkh fuf'pr v'kwU; eku ds fy, ges'kk ,d cy ewy fcUnq ls nwj yxsxkA
(C) ;fn bldh dqy ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ k/2 gS rks bldh fuEure xfrt ÅtkZ ewy fcUnq ij gksxhA
(D) x = 0 ls y?kq foLFkkiuksa ds fy,] xfr ljy vkorZ xfr gSA

9. ,d >qdh gqbZ nhokj tks fd Å/oZ ls '' dks.k cukrh gS] ds ,d fcUnq P ls ,d '' P
yEckbZ dh jLlh }kjk ,d xsan dks yVdk;k tkrk gSA jLlh dks xsan lfgr vYi dks.k
'' () }kjk foLFkkfir djds Lora=k NksM+rs gSaA nhokj dks iw.kZr% izR;kLFk ekurs

gSaA bl izdkj ds yksyd dk vkorZdky gksxk@gksxs&  
 1      1    
(A) 2 sin    (B) 2   sin   
g     g 2   
 1      1    
(C) 2 cos    (D) 2 cos    
g     g    

10. ;fn ,d ljy vkorZ xfr dks y = (sin t + cos t) m }kjk çnf'kZr djsa rks fuEu ls dkSuls dFku lR; gSA
(A) vk;ke dk eku 1 eh- gSA (B) vk;ke dk eku 2 eh- gSA
(C) y = 1 eh- ls le; çkjEHk gksxkA (D) y = 0 eh- ls le; çkjEHk gksxkA

11. x-y ry esa xfr djrs gq, ,d d.k dk fLFkfr lfn'k le; ds lkFk lehdj.k r = ( î + 2 ĵ ) A cos t ds vuqlkj
cnyrk gSA d.k dh xfr gksxh &
(A) ,d ljy js[kk ij (B) ,d nh?kZ o`Ùk ij (C) vkorhZ (D) ljy vkorhZ

12. rhu ljy vkorZ xfr;ka tks fd leku fn'kk esa gSa rFkk budk vk;ke a o vkorZdky leku gS] ,d nwljs ij
v/;kjksfir gksrh gSaA ;fn çR;sd vius vxys okyh ls 45° dykUrj ls fHkUu gS] rks % [IIT- 1999, 3/100]

(A) ifj.kkeh vk;ke (1+2)a gksxkA

(B) ifj.kkeh xfr dh dyk çFke ds lkis{k 90° ij gksxhA
(C) ifj.kkeh xfr ls lEcfU/kr ÅtkZ fdlh Hkh ,d xfr ls lEcfU/kr ÅtkZ dh (3+ 22) xquk gksxhA
(D) ifj.kkeh xfr ljy vkorhZ ugha gksxhA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
Hkkx - IV : vuqPNsn (COMPREHENSION)

vuqPNsn-1
cy fu;rkad 400 N/m dh fLizxa ds fupys fljs ls 2 fdxzk- dk fi.M fcuk dEiUu ds yVdk gSA fLizax dk 'kh"kZ fljk
fy¶V dh Nr ls tqM+k gSA fy¶V 5 eh-@ls-2 ds Åijh Roj.k ls mB jgh gSA tc t = 0 ij Roj.k vpkud [kRe gksrk gS]
fy¶V ,d leku pky ls Åij dh vksj xfreku gSA (g = 10 eh-@ls-2)
1. Roj.k lekIr gksus ds i'pkr~ fi.M dh dks.kh; vko`fÙk D;k gS &
(A) 10 2 rad/s (B) 20 rad/s (C) 20 2 rad/s (D) 32 rad/s
2. dEiUu dk vk;ke gS &
(A) 7.5 cm (B) 5 cm (C) 2.5 cm (D) 1 cm
3. fy¶V esa lokj O;fä }kjk izsf{kr izkjfEHkd dyk dks.k gS] tc fd Åijh fn'kk dks /kukRed ysa rFkk /kukRed lhekUr
voLFkk dks /2 dyk dks.k fLFkjkad ij ekusa &
(A) /4 rad (B) /2 rad (C)  rad (D) 3/2 rad
vuqPNsn-2
,d 'm' nzO;eku dk d.k {kSfrt fpduh js[kk AB, ftldh yEckbZ 'a' gS] ij xfr dj jgk gSA tc d.k js[kk ds fdlh
mg(AP)
fcUnq P ij gksrk gS rks ml ij nks cy dk;Z djrs gSaA A dh vksj cy rFkk B dh vksj nwljk cy
a
2mg(BP)
dk;Zjr gSA
a
4. tc bl d.k dks js[kk AB ds e/; fojkekoLFkk ls NksM+k tkrk gS rks bl d.k dk vkorZdky Kkr djksA
3a a a a
(A) T = 2 (B) T = 2 (C) T = 2 (D) T = 2
g 2g g 3g

5. xfr ds nkSjku] d.k dh B ls U;wure nwjh Kkr djksA

a a a a
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 4 3 8

6. tc d.k B ds lcls fudV gksrk gS rks d.k ij A dh vksj yxus okyk cy dk;Z djuk cUn dj nsrk gS rks ftl osx
ls ;g fcUnq B dks ikj djsxk og osx Kkr djks \
2ga 2ga 2ga ga
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 6 5 3
vuqPNsn-3
k fLiazx
fu;rkad dk fLizax m1 nzO;eku ds fi.M ls tqM+k gS rFkk nwljk m2 nzO;eku
dk fi.M igys fi.M dks nckrs gq, fp=kkuqlkj fpdus ur ry ij j[ks gq, gSaA
7. tc fudk; lkE;koLFkk esa gS rc fLçax dk lEihM+u Kkr djks \
(m1  m2 )gsin  (m1  m2 )gsin 
(A) (B)
2k k
(m1  m2 )g 2(m1  m2 )gsin 
(C) (D)
k k
8. lkE;koLFkk ls fi.Mksa dks (2/k) (m1 + m2) g sin  nwjh rd vksj T;knk nckdj NksM+k tkrk gSA tc ;g i`FkDd`r gksrs
gSa ml le; nksuksa fi.Mksa dh mHk;fu"B pky Kkr dhft,A
 1   2 
(A)  (m  m2 )  gsin  (B)  (m  m2 )  gsin 
 3k 1   k 1 
   
 3   1 
(C)  (m1  m2 )  gsin  (D)  (m1  m2 )  gsin 
 k   k 
   
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Simple Harmonic Motion

 fpfUgr iz'u nksgjkus ;ksX; iz'u gSA

* fpfUgr iz'u ,d ls vf/kd lgh fodYi okys iz'u gSA
Hkkx - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u
1*. x = Asin2 t + B cos2 t + C sint cost Qyu ljy vkorZ xfr çnf'kZr djsxkA [JEE 2006, 5/184,–1]
(A) A, B rFkk C ds fdlh Hkh eku ds fy, (C = 0 dks NksM+dj)
(B) ;fn A = – B, C = 2B, vk;ke = B 2
(C) ;fn A = B ; C = 0
(D) ;fn A = B ; C = 2B, vk;ke = |B|

2. dkWye I esa laHkkoh iSjkehVjksa (parameters) ds leqPp; (set) dh lwph nh xbZ gSA bu iSjkehVjksa ds ifjorZu dks xzkQ
ds :i esa n'kkZ;k x;k gS ¼dkWye II½A dkWye I esa fn;s x;s iSjkehVjksa dk dkWye II esa fn;s x;s xzkQ leqy (match)
djsaA vius mÙkj dks ORS esa fn;k x;k 4 × 4 eSfVªDl ds mfpr cqYyksa dks dkyk djds n'kkZ;saA
[IIT-JEE 2008, 6/163]
LrEHk I LrEHk II

(A) ,d ljy yksyd (simple pendulum) dh fLFkfrt ÅtkZ (y–v{k) (p)

cuke foLFkkiu (x–v{k)

(B) 'kwU; vFkok fLFkj Roj.k ij ,d foeh; xfr ds fy;s foLFkkiu (q)
(y–v{k) cuke le; (x–v{k) (xfr dsoy + x fn'kk esa gS)

(C) ,d fu;r dks.k ij iz{ksfir iz{ksI; dh ijkl (y–v{k) cuke mldk (r)
osx (x–v{k)

(D) ,d ljy yksyd ds vkorZ dky dk oxZ (y–v{k) cuke mldh (s)
yEckbZ (x–v{k)

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Simple Harmonic Motion
vuqPNsn-1
fp=kkuqlkj ,dleku (uniform) iryh csyukdkj pdrh] ftldk
nzO;eku M rFkk f=kT;k R gS] nks loZle nzO;eku jfgr fLizax
(spring) ds }kjk] ftudk fLizax fLFkjkad k gS] nhokj ls tqM+h gSaA
nksuksa fLçax pdrh ds dsUnz ls d dh lefer (symmetric) nwjh ij]
/kqjh ls layXu gSaA /kqjh nzO;eku jfgr gS rFkk nksuksa fLizax vkSj /kqjh
,d {kSfrt lery ij gSaA izR;sd fLçax dh lkekU; yackbZ L gSA
izkjaHk esa pdrh dk nzO;eku dsUnz lkE;koLFkk esa nhokj ls L dh
nwjh ij gSA fMLd fcuk fQlys V0  V0 ˆi dh xfr ls yq<+drh gSA
?k"kZ.k xq.kkad gSA fp=k % [JEE-2008, 3×4/163]
3. tc pdrh dk nzO;eku dsUnz (centre of mass) bldh lkE;koLFkk ls x dh nwjh ij foLFkkfir gS] pdrh ds Åij
yxus okyk dqy ckgjh cy fuEu gS
2kx 4kx
(A) –kx (B) –2kx (C) – (D) –
3 3

4. pdrh dk nzO;eku dsUnz ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gS] ftldh dks.kh; vko`fÙk  dk eku fuEu gS
k 2k 2k 4k
(A) (B) (C) (D)
M M 3M 3M

5. V0 dk og egÙke eku ftlds fy;s pdrh fcuk fQlys yq<+drh gS

M M 3M 5M
(A) g (B) g (C) g (D) g
k 2k k 2k

6. ljy vkorZ xfr djrs gq, fdlh d.k dk x-t vkjs[k uhps n'kkZ;k x;k gSA le; t = 4/3 lSds.M ij d.k dk Roj.k gS
[IIT-JEE 2009, 3/160, –1]

1
(mx)c
0 t(s)
4 8 12

–1

3 2 2 2 3 2
(A)  cm/s2 (B) cm/s2 (C) cm/s2 (D)  – cm/s2
32 32 32 32
7. fp=kkuqlkj yEckbZ L o nzO;eku M dh ,dleku NM+ vius dsUnz ij dhyfdr gSA bl NM+ ds fljksa ij k fLçax fu;rkad ds
,d tSls fLçax yxs gS ftuds fljs n`<+ vkyEcksa ls tqM+s gSA NM+ {kSfrt ry esa LorU=k :i ls nksyu dj ldrh gSA NM+ dks
,d NksVs dks.k  ls ?kqek dj NksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA NM+ ds nksyu dh vko`fÙk gksxhA [IIT-JEE 2009, 3/160, –1 ]

1 2k 1 k 1 6k 1 24k
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 M 2 M 2 M 2 M
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Simple Harmonic Motion
8. fp=k esa fn[kk;k x;k nzO;eku M ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gS ftldk vk;ke A gSA fcUnq P dk vk;ke gksxk
[JEE 2009, 3/160, –1]

k1 k2

M
P
k1A k2A k1A k2 A
(A) (B) (C) (D)
k2 k1 k1  k 2 k1  k 2
vuqPNsn-2
tc m nzO;eku dk ,d d.k x-v{k ij V(x) = kx2 fLFkfrt ÅtkZ ls xfreku gksrk gS] rc ;g ljy vkorZ xfr djrk
m
gSA bldk vkorZdky ds lekuqikrh gksrk gS] tks fd foeh; fo'ys"k.k }kjk vklkuh ls fudkyk tk ldrk gSA
k
gkaykfd] ;fn fdlh ,d d.k dh fLFkfrt ÅtkZ x = 0 ds nksuksa rjQ kx2 ls fHkUu rjg ls c<+s] rFkk d.k dh dqy ÅtkZ
bruh gks fd og vuUr rd iyk;u u dj lds] rc Hkh d.k dh xfr vkorhZ gks ldrh gSA m nzO;eku dk ,d d.k
x-v{k ij xfr djrk gSa tgka |x| ds dsUnz ds ikl gksus ij fLFkfrt ÅtkZ V(x) = x4 ( > 0) gS rFkk |x|  X0 ds fy,
fLFkfrt ÅtkZ V(x) = V0 gS ¼fp=k ns[ksa½ [JEE 2010, 3×3/160, –1]

9. ;fn ,d d.k dh lexz ÅtkZ E gS rks og vkorhZ xfr rHkh lEiUu dj ldrk gS dsoy tc
(A) E < 0 (B) E > 0 (C) V0 > E > 0 (D) E > V0

10. vYi vk;ke A ds nksyu ds fy,] d.k dk vkorZdky T fuEu esa ls fdlds lekuqikrh gS \
m 1 m  1 
(A) A (B) (C) A (D)
 A  m A m

11. |x| > X0 ds fy;s d.k dk Roj.k %

V0
(A) V0 ds lekuqikrh gS (B) ds lekuqikrh gS
mX0
V0
(C) ds lekuqikrh gS (D) 'kwU; gS
mX0

12*. yEckbZ 'L' o nzO;eku 'm' dh ,d /kkrq&NM+ vius ,d fljs ij dhfyr gSA 'R' (<L) f=kT;k
o 'M' nzO;eku dh ,d fMLd NM+ ds eqDr fljs ij vius dsanz ls nks rjg ls dhfyr dh
tkrh gSA (fLFkfr A) fMLd vius dsanz ij ugha ?kwe ldrh vkSj ¼fLFkfr B) fMLd vius dsanz
ij ?kweusa dks LorU=k gSA ,d gh foLFkkiu voLFkk ls NksM+us ij ;g NM+&fMLd fudk;
m/okZ/kj ry esa ljy&vkorZ&nksyu (SHM) djrk gSA rc [JEE 2011, 4/160]
(A) fLFkfr A esa çR;ku;u vk?kw.kZ (Restoring torque) = fLFkfr B esa çR;ku;u vk?kw.kZ
(B) fLFkfr A esa çR;ku;u vk?kw.kZ < fLFkfr B esa çR;ku;u vk?kw.kZ
(C) fLFkfr A esa dks.kh; vko`fÙk > fLFkfr B esa dks.kh; vko`fÙk
(D) fLFkfr A esa dks.kh; vko`fÙk < fLFkfr B esa dks.kh; vko`fÙk

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ADVSH - 47
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Simple Harmonic Motion
vuqPNsn-3
gj izdkj dh xfrdh; leL;kvksa ds fo'ys"k.k ds fy;s Qst&lef"V fp=kke (Phase space diagrams) dk mi;ksx
fd;k tkrk gSA izkjfEHkd n'kk] fLFkfr o laosx] esa cnyko gksus ij budk mi;ksx pkyu esa mRiUu cnykoksa dks le>usa
esa cgqr mi;ksxh gSA ;gk¡ ge ,d foeh; ljy xfrdh; fudk;ksa dh ckr djrs gSA buds fy;s Qst&lef"V lery gS
ftlesa fLFkfr X-v{k ij rFkk laosx Y-v{k ij j[krs gSA rc Qst&lef"V fp=kke bl lery esa ,d x(t) vs. p(t) oØ
gksxkA oØ ij rhj le; c<+us dh fn'kk n'kkZrk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy;s] fLFkj osx ls py jgs d.k ds fy;s Qst&lef"V
fp=kke ljy&js[kk gS ftls fp=k esa fn[kk;k x;k gSA fpUg ifjikVh esa fLFkfr ;k laosx dks Åij (;k nkfgus) vksj
/kukRed rFkk uhps (;k ck¡;h) vksj _.kkRed ekuk tkrk gSA [JEE 2011, 3×3/160, –1]

13. tehu ls Åij dh vksj Qsadh xbZ xsan dk Qst&lef"V fp=kke gS

Momentum
Momentum

(A) (B) Position

Position

Momentum Momentum

(C) (D)
Position
Position

14. ljy&vkorZ&nksyu (SHM) dk Qst&lef"V fp=kke mnxe ij dsafnzr o`Ùk gSA fp=k esa n'kkZ;s nks o`Ùk] ,d gh nksyd
ds fy;s gS] tc mldh vkjfEHkd voLFkk;sa fHkUu gSa] rFkk E1 o E2 Øe'k% nksyd dh dqy ;kaf=kd ÅtkZ, gSaA rc

(A) E1  2 E2 (B) E1  2E2 (C) E1  4E2 (D) E1  16E2

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Simple Harmonic Motion
15. fp=k esa n'kkZ;s vuqlkj fLizax&xqVdk fudk; ij /;ku ns] tgk¡ xqVdk ikuh esa Mwck gSA bl fudk; ds ,d nksyu djus
dk Qst&lef"V fp=kke gSA

Momentum

(A) (B)
Position

(C) (D)

2 
16. ,d fcUnq nzO;eku ij nks T;koØh; (sinusoidal) foLFkkiu x1(t) = A sin t ,oa x2 (t) = A sin  t  ,d lkFk
 3 
x-fn'kk
esa yx jgs gSaA bl nzO;eku ij rhljk T;koØh; foLFkkiu x3(t) = B sin(t+) yxkus ij og iw.kZ :i ls
:d tkrk gSA B rFkk dk eku gS [JEE 2011, 3/160, –1]
3 4 5 
(A) 2A, (B) A, (C) 3A, (D) A,
4 3 6 3
17. ,d nzO;eku&jfgr fLizax dh ruko&jfgr yEckbZ 4.9cm gSA mldk ,d fljk caf/kr gS vkSj nwljs ij ,d NksVk xqVdk
yxk gS ¼fp=k nsf[k;s½A ;g fudk; ,d ?k"kZ.k&jfgr {kSfrt (horizontal)lrg ij j[kk gSA le; t = 0 ij xqVds dks

0.2m [khap dj fLFkj voLFkk ls NksMk tkrk rc og xqVdk   rad / s rad/s vko`fÙk dk ljy&vkorZ&nksyu djrk
3
gSA Bhd mlh le; (t = 0) ij NksVk dadM v pky ls {kSfrt ls 45° dks.k
ij fcanq P ls iz{ksfir fd;k tkrk gSA fcanq
P dh fcanq O ls nwjh ¼{kSfrt½ 10m gSA ;fn t = 1s ij dadM xqVds ij fxjrk gS] rc v dk eku gS (g = 10m/s2 ysa)
[IIT-JEE-2012, Paper-1; 3/70, –1]

(A) 50m / s (B) 51 m / s (C) 52 m / s (D) 53 m / s

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Simple Harmonic Motion
18*. ?k"kZ.kghu {kSfrt ry ij iM+h gqbZ k cy fLFkjkad dh nzO;eku jfgr fLçax ds ,d fljs ls m nzO;eku dk d.k tqM+k
gqvk gSA bl fLçax dk nwljk fljk c) gSA ;g d.k viuh lkE;koLFkk ls le; t = 0 ij çkjfEHkd {kSfrt osx u0 ls
xfreku gks jgk gSA tc d.k dh xfr 0.5 u0 gksrh gS] ;g ,d n`<+ nhokj ls çR;kLFk la?kê djrk gSA bl la?kê ds
ckn & [JEE (Advanced) 2013, 4/60]
(A) tc d.k viuh lkE;koLFkk ls ykSVrk gS bldh xfr u0 gksrh gSA
m
(B) tc d.k viuh lkE;koLFkk ls igyh ckj xqtjrk gS og le; t   gSA
k
4 m
(C) tc fLçax ls lEihM+u vf/kdre gksrk gS og le; t  gSA
3 k
5 m
(D) tc d.k viuh lkE;koLFkk ls nwljh ckj xqtjrk gS og le; t  gSA
3 k

19*. nks fujoyafcr cjkcj nzO;eku ds vkorZ nksyd ewy fcUnq ds ifjr% dks.kh; vko`fÙk;ksa 1 ,oa 2 rFkk dqy ÅtkZvksa
E1 rFkk E2 ls nksyu dj jgs gSaA muds losaxksa p ds fLFkfr x ds lkFk ifjorZu laca/k fp=kksa esa n'kkZ;s x;s gSaA ;fn
a a
 n2 rFkk  n gS] rc lgh dFku gS (gSa) [JEE (Advanced) 2015 ; P-1, 4/88, –2]
b R

2 E1 E2
(A) E1 1 = E2 2 (B)  n2 (C) 1 2 = n2 (D) 
1 1 2

20. bdkbZ nzO;eku dk ,d d.k ,d cy ds izHkko esa x-v{k ij xfr dj jgk gSA d.k dh dqy ÅtkZ lajf{kr gSA dkWye 
esa d.k dh fLFkfrt ÅtkZvksa ds pkj laHkkfor :i fn;s x;s gSa (a rFkk U0 fLFkjkad gSa)A dkWye  esa nh x;h fLFkfrt
ÅtkZvksa dk dkWye esa fn;s dFku@dFkuksa ls mfpr feyku dhft,A [JEE (Advanced) 2015 ; 8/88, –1]
dkWye- dkWye-
2
U   x 2 
 (A) U1(x)  0 1     (P) d.k ij dk;Z djus okyk cy x = a ij 'kwU; gSA
2   a  
2
U0  x 
(B) U2 (x)  (Q) d.k ij dk;Z djus okyk cy x = 0 ij 'kwU; gSA
2  a 
U0  x 
2   x 2 
(C) U3 (x)  exp     (R) d.k ij dk;Z djus okyk cy x = –a ij 'kwU; gSA
2  a    a  

U0  x 1  x 3 
(D) U4 (x)       (S) {ks=k x  a esa d.k x = 0 dh vksj vkd"kZ.k cy dk vuqHko
2  a 3  a  
djrk gSA
U0
(T) dqy ÅtkZ okyk d.k x = –a fcanq ds ifjr%
4
nksyu dj ldrk gSA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
21*. ,d nzO;eku&jfgr fLiazx] ftldk nz<+rk xq.kkad (stiffness constant) k gS] ds ,d Nksj ij M nzO;eku dk ,d xqVdk
tqM+k gS] rFkk nwljs Nksj dks nz<+ nhokj ls tksM+k x;k gSA ;g xqVdk ,d lery ?k"kZ.k&jfgr lrg ij ,d larqfyr
fLFkfr x0 ds fxnZ NksVs vk;ke A ls nksyu djrk gSA ;gk¡ nks ifjfLFkfr;ka ekfu, % (i) tc xqVdk x0 ij gS vkSj (ii) tc
xqVdk x = x0 + A ij gSA nksuksa ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa nzO;eku m (< M) ds ,d d.k dks xqVds ij /khjs ls bl izdkj j[kk
tkrk gS dh og rqjar xqVds ls fpid tkrk gSA d.k dks xqVds ds Åij j[kus ds ckn xfr ds ckjs esa fuEufyf[kr esa ls
dkSulk@dkSuls dFku lR; gS@gSa \ [JEE (Advanced) 2016 ; P-2, 4/62, –2]
M
(A) igyh ifjfLFkfr esa nksyu dk vk;ke HkkT; (factor) ls ifjofrZr gksrk gS] tcfd nwljh ifjfLFkfr esa
mM
;g vifjofrZr jgrk gSA
(B) nksuksa ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa nksyu dk vafre le;dky leku gSA
(C) nksuksa ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa lEiw.kZ ÅtkZ de gks tkrh gSA
(D) lfEefyr nzO;ekuksa dh x0 ij rkR{kf.kd xfr nksuksa ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa de gks tkrh gSA

22. ,d dekuh&xqVdk fudk; (spring-block system) ,d ?k"kZ.k jfgr Q'kZ (frictionless floor) ij fojkekoLFkk esa gS] tSlk
fd fp=k eas n'kkZ;k x;k gSA dekuh fLFkjkad (spring constant) 2.0 Nm−1 gS vkSj xqVds dk nzO;eku (mass) 2.0 kg gSA
dekuh ds nzO;eku dh mis{kk dhft,A 'kq:vkr es dekuh vrfur (unstretched) voLFkk eas gSA ,d nwljk xqVdk] ftldk
nzO;eku 1.0 kg gS vkSj pky 2.0 ms–1 gS] igys xqVds ls çR;kLFk la?kê (elastic collision) djrk gSA bl la?kê ds ckn
2.0 kg dk xqVdk nhokj ls ugha Vdjkrk gSA tc dekuh la?kê ds ckn igyh ckj viuh vrkfur fLFkfr esa okil vkrh gS]
rc nksauks xqVdksa ds chp dh nwjh ______ehVj gksxhA [JEE (Advanced) 2018, P-1, 3/60]

Hkkx - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u

1. 7 feeh- vk;ke ls ,d ljy vkorZ xfr djrs gq, ,d d.k dk vf/kdre osx 4.4 eh@ls gSA nksyu dky gS %
[AIEEE 2006; 3/165, –1]
(1) 100 s (2) 0.01 s (3) 10 s (4) 0.1 s
2*. ,d {kSfrt IysVQkWeZ ij ,d flDdk j[kk gSA IysVQkeZ  dks.kh; vko`fÙk ls Å/okZ/kj ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA
nksyu dk vk;ke /khjs&/khjs c<+k;k tkrk gSA izFke ckj flDdk IysVQkWeZ ls Li'kZ NksM+sxk %[AIEEE 2006; 3/165, –1]
(1) IysVQkeZ dh mPpre voLFkk ij (2) IysVQkeZ dh e/; voLFkk ij
g g2
(3) ds vk;ke ij (4) ds vk;ke ij
2 2
3. ,d fLizax ls tqM+h rFkk ljy vkorZ xfr djus okyh ,d oLrq dk foLFkkiu x = 2 × 10–2 cost ehVj ls fn;k tkrk
gSA le; ftl ij igyh ckj vf/kdre pky izdV gksrh gS] gS [AIEEE 2007; 3/120, –1]
(1) 0.5 s (2) 0.75 s (3) 0.125 s (4) 0.25 s
4. ,d fcUnq nzO;eku fu;e x = x0 cos (t – /4) ds vuqlkj x-v{k ds vuqfn'k dEiu djrk gSA ;fn d.k dk Roj.k
fuEu izdkj fy[kk tkrk gS] a = A cos(t + ), rks [AIEEE 2007; 3/120, –1]
(1) A = x0 ,  = –/4 (2) A = x0 2,  = –/4 (3) A = x0 2,  = –/4 (4) A = x0 2,  = 3/4
5. cy fu;rkad k1 rFkk k2 dh nks fLizaxsa nzO;eku m ls fp=kkuqlkj tqM+h gSA nzO;eku ds nksyu dh vko`fÙk ƒ gSA ;fn k1 rFkk k2
nksuksa dks izkjfEHkd eku dk pkj xquk dj fn;k tk,] rks nksyu dh vko`fÙk gks tk,xhA [AIEEE 2007; 3/120, –1]

(1) ƒ/2 (2) ƒ/4 (3) 4f (4) 2ƒ

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Simple Harmonic Motion
6. nzO;eku m dk ,d d.k] vk;ke a rFkk vko`fÙk  ls ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gSA bldh ek/; fLFkfr ls ,d fljs rd
xfr ds nkSjku vkSlr xfrt ÅtkZ gS : [AIEEE 2007; 3/120, –1]
(1) 2 ma2 2 (2) 1/4 ma2 2 (3) 42 ma2 2 (4) 22 ma22
7.* ;fn x, v rFkk a Øe'k% vkorZdky T ls ljy vkorZ xfr djrs fdlh d.k ds foLFkkiu] osx rFkk Roj.k dks fu:fir
djrs gSa] rc le; ds lkFk fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlesa ifjorZu ugha gksrk gS \ [AIEEE 2007; 3/120, –1]
(1) aT/x (2) aT + 2v (3) aT/v (4) a2T2 + 42v2
8. ,d {kSfrt dekuh ls c¡/kk ,d nzO;eku M vk;ke A1 ls ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA tc nzO;eku M viuh ek/;
voLFkk ls xqtj jgk gS] rc ,d NksVk nzO;eku m blds Åij j[k fn;k tkrk gS vkSj vc nksauks vk;ke A2 ls xfr
 A1 
djrs gSA   dk vuqikr gS : [AIEEE - 2011, 4/120, –1]
 A2 
1/ 2 1/ 2
M Mm  M  Mm
(1) (2) (3)   (4)  
Mm M Mm  M 
9. ;fn cy fu;rkad 'k' okyh ,d fLizax dks yEckbZ A : B = 2 : 3, ds vuqikr okys nks Hkkxksa 'A' vkSj 'B' esa dkVk tkrk
gS] rc fLizax 'A' dk cy fu;rkad D;k gksxk : [AIEEE 2011, 11 May; 4/120 –1]
3k 2k 5k
(1) (2) (3) k (4)
5 5 2
10. x-v{k ij ,dleku vk;ke A vkSj vko`fÙk  ls nks d.k ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgs gSaA mudh ek/; voLFkk ds chp nwjh
X0 (X0 > A) gSaA ;fn muds chp vf/kdre nwjh (X0 + A) gSa] rc mudh xfr esa dykUrj gS:[AIEEE - 2011, 4/120, –1]
(1) /2 (2)/3 (3) /4 (4) /6
11. ;fn ,d ljy nksyd dk le; t = 0s ,oa t = s, ds chp ,d lkFkZd vk;ke ¼vius ewy vk;ke ds 1/e xq.kd rd½
jgrk gS rc dks nksyd dk vkSlr dky dgk tk ldrk gSA tc nksyd dk xksyh; ckWc vius osx ds lekuqikrh eanu
¼';ku d"kZ.k ds dkj.k½ dks lgrk gS] tgk¡ 'b' lekuqikrh xq.kkad gS] rc nksyd dk vkSlr vk;qdky lsd.M esa gS (;g
eku ysa fd voeanu vYi gS) : [AIEEE 2012 ; 4/120, –1]
(1) 0.693/b (2) b (3) 1/b (4) 2/b
12. ,d efUnr nksfy=k dk vk;ke 5s esa vius ewy ifjek.k ls ?kVdj ewy ifjek.k dk 0.9 xquk gks tkrk gSA ,d vkSj
10s esa ;g ?kVdj ewy ifjek.k dk  xquk gks tk,xk] tgk¡ dk eku gS % [JEE (Main) 2013, 4/120]
(1) 0.7 (2) 0.81 (3) 0.729 (4) 0.6
13. ,d d.k ,d ljy js[kk esa ljy vkorZ xfr ls xfr'khy gSA ;g fojkekoLFkk ls izkjEHk dj izFke  lsd.M+ esa nwjh a
vkSj vxys lsd.M+ esa nwjh 2a mlh fn'kk esa r; djrk gSA rc : [JEE (Main) 2014; 4/120, –1]
(1) xfr dk vk;ke 3a gSA (2) nksyuksa dk vkorZ dky 8gSA
 (3) xfr dk vk;ke 4a gSA (4) nksyuksa dk vkorZ dky 6gSA

14. fdlh ljy yksyd ds fy;s] mlds foLFkkiu d rFkk mldh xfrt ÅtkZ ds chp vkSj foLFkkiu d rFkk mldh fLFkfrt
ÅtkZ ds chp xzkQ [khaps x;s gSA fuEukafdr esa ls dkSulk xzkQ ¼vkys[k½ lgh gS \ (;gkW xzkQ dsoy O;oLFkk vkjs[k gS
vkSj Ldsy ds vuqlkj ugha gSA) [JEE (Main) 2015; 4/120, –1]

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

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Simple Harmonic Motion
15. ,d d.k A vk;ke ls ljy vkorZ nksyu dj jgk gSA tc ;g vius ewy LFkku ls ij 2A/3 ig¡qprk gS] rc vpkud
bldh xfr frxquh dj nh tkrh gSA rc bldk u;k vk;ke gS [JEE (Main) 2016; 4/120, –1]
7A A
(1) 3A (2) 3A (3) (4) 41
3 3
16. ,d d.k vkorZdky T ls ljy vkorZ xfr dj jgk gSA le; t = 0 ij og lkE;oLFkk dh fLFkfr esa gSA fuEu esa ls
dkSulk xzkQ le; ds lkFk xfrt ÅtkZ dk lgh n'kkZrk gSA [JEE (Main) 2017; 4/120, –1]

KE
KE
(1) (2) 0 T T T t
0 T T T t
2
4 2

KE KE
(3) (4)
0 T t
0 T T t
2

17. fdlh Bksl eas pkanh dk ,d ijek.kq 1012/sec dh vko`fÙk ls fdlh fn'kk esa ljy vkorZ xfr djrk gSA ,d ijek.kq dks
nwljs ijkek.kq ls tksMus okys ca/k dk cy fu;rkad fdruk gksxk ? ¼pkanh dk vkf.od Hkkj = 108 vkSj vokxknzh
(Avagadro) la[;k = 6.02 × 1023 gm mole–1½ [JEE (Main) 2018; 4/120, –1]
(1) 2.2 N/m (2) 5.5 N/m (3) 6.4 N/m (4) 7.1 N/m

EXERCISE-1 16
C-3. = 0.16 Kg
102
Hkkx - I
F M F2 F2
[k.M+ (A) : C-4. (a)
k
, 2
k
, (b)
2k
(c)
2k

A-1. vk;ke = 5 m, dyk fu;rkad = , m
6 C-5. (a) 2 , keq. = k1 + k2 ; (b)
k1  k 2
vkorZ dky = 2 s, vf/kdre pky = 5m/s
 m
A-2. (a) 2.0 cm, s = 0.063 s, 100 N/m 2 , keq. = k1 + k2 ; (c)
50 k1  k 2
(b) 1.0 cm, 3 m/s, –100 m/s2 m (k1  k 2 ) k1k 2
2 , keq. =
A-3. (a) T/12, (b) T/8, (c) T/6, (d) T/4, (e) T/8 k1k 2 k1  k 2
3v 0 mÙkj leku gh gksaxs
A-4.
2
    10 2 M2 g2 M2 g2 M2 g2
 C-6. Åij ls , rFkk ;
A-5. x = (10cm) sin  s1  t   ,  11 cm/s2 2k 4k 6k
 3  6 9
11 M
A-6.
6
ek/; fLFkfr ls  cm = ± 1.2 cm vkorZdky = 2
6 k
5
[k.M+ (B) : [k.M+ (D) :
B-1. ± 5 cm B-2. A = 0.06 m D-1. 1m D-2. 0.25 m
2
 3600 
[k.M+ (C) :  3601  g  9.794m / s
2
D-3.
 
C-1. 0.1 N/m C-2. 40 J
D-4. (i) 2T0 (ii) 3g Åij dh vksj
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Simple Harmonic Motion
[k.M+ (E) : EXERCISE-2
E-1. (a) T = 2
7
(b) 2
2r Hkkx - I
12g g 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (B)
8 a 3r 4. (C) 5. (C) 6. (A)
(c) 2 (d) 2 7. (A) 8. (A) 9. (A)
3 g 2g
10. (A) 11. (B) 12. (C)
r 2 L L 13. (C) 14. (B) 15. (D)
E-2. (a) 2 , r/ 2 (b) 2 ,
g 3g 2 3
[k.M+ (F) : Hkkx - II
1. 10 2. 2 3. 2
F-1. (a) 7 cm (b) 37 cm= 6.1 cm
4. 15 5. 2 6. 16
(c) 5 cm
7. 3 8. 3 9. 12
y
F-2. a 42 3 F-3. 2x2 + =1 10. 17 11. 15 12. 8
2
13. 15 14. 2 15. 8
[k.M+ (G) : 16. 75
G-1. d.k dk vk;ke rFkk ÅtkZ nksuks gh vuqukn dh
fLFkfr esa vf/kdre gks ldrk gSA vuqukn gksus ds Hkkx - III
fy, 1 = 2 1. (AD) 2. (ABC) 3. (BC)
G-2. (a) 0.3 s(b) 6.93 s (c) 3.4 s 4. (ABCDE) 5. (BD) 6. (ABCD)
7. (BCD) 8. (ABC) 9. (BD)
Hkkx - II 10. (BC) 11. (ACD) 12. (AC)
[k.M+ (A) :
A-1. (A) A-2. (A) A-3. (B) Hkkx - IV
A-4. (A) A-5. (A) A-6. (C) 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (D)
A-7. (A) A-8. (B) A-9. (B) 4. (D) 5. (A) 6. (B)
A-10. (B)
7. (B) 8. (C)
[k.M+ (B) :
B-1. (B) B-2. (C) B-3. (B) EXERCISE-3
B-4. (C) B-5. (A) B-6. (C)
Hkkx - I
[k.M+ (C) : 1. (ABD)
C-1. (D) C-2. (C) C-3. (C) 2. (A)(p); (B)  (q, s) ; (C)  (s) ; (D)  (q)
C-4. (A) C-5. (D) C-6. (D) 3. (D) 4. (D) 5. (C)
C-7. (B) C-8. (D)
6. (D) 7. (C) 8. (D)
[k.M+ (D) : 9. (C) 10. (B) 11. (D)
D-1. (A) D-2. (D) D-3. (C) 12. (AD) 13. (D) 14. (C)
D-4. (D) D-5. (C) 15. (B) 16. (B) 17. (A)
[k.M+ (E) : 18. (AD) 19. (BD)
E-1. (D) E-2. (B) 20. (A)  P,Q,R,T ; (B) Q,S ; (C) P,Q,R,S ;
(D) P,R,T
[k.M+ (F) : 21. (ABD) 22. 2.09
F-1. (B) F-2. (B) F-3. (D) Hkkx - II
F-4. (B)
1. (2) 2. (1, 3) 3. (1)
[k.M+ (G) : 4. (4) 5. (4) 6. (1)
G-1. (D) G-2. (C) 7. (1,4) 8. (4) 9. (4)
Hkkx - III 10. (2) 11. (4) 12. (3)
13. (4) 14. (2) 15. (3)
1. (A) r , (B) p, (C) q, (D)  s
2. (A) p ; (B) q ; (C)  p ; (D)  s 16. (1) 17. (4)

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Simple Harmonic Motion

fo"k;kRed iz'u ¼SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS½

1. çnf'kZr fudk; ds eqDr nksyuksa dk vkorZdky D;k gksxk ;fn M1 nzO;eku dks FkksM+k lk uhps foLFkkfir fd;k tk;sA
fLçax dk cy fu;rkad k gS] fLFkj f?kjuh dk nzO;eku ux.; gS] vkSj pfyr f?kjuh fpduh gSA

2. fn;s x;s fp=k esa K fLizax fu;rkad dh fLizax ls tqM+s CykWd ij fu;r cy F yxkus ij ;g CykWd dks vf/kdre osx V
iznku djrk gSA vxj fLizax dk cy fu;rkad 4 K gks tk, rks CykWd dk vf/kdre osx Kkr dhft,A izkjEHk esa fLiazx
viuh izkÑfrd voLFkk eas gSA

3. nks fcUnq nzO;eku m1 rFkk m2 ,d gYdh NM+ ij tqM+s gq, gS ,oa NM+ ,d fljs ij fdyfdr gSA m1 rFkk m2 fdyfdr
fcUnq ls Øe'k% 1 rFkk 2 nwjh ij fLFkr gSA bl fudk; ds nksyu dk vkorZdky lsd.M+ esa Kkr djksA ¼vk;e vYi
ekfu,½ ;fn m1 = m2, 1 = 1m vkSj 2 = 3m gSA

4. ,d Bksl xksyk (f=kT;k = R) ,d csyu (f=kT;k = 5R) esa fcuk fQlys yq<drk gSA Bksl xksys ds vYi nksyuksa dk
1
dks.kh; vko`fÙk s–1 esa Kkr djsA R = m rFkk g = 10 m/s2 yhft;sA ¼csyu dk v{k fLFkj vkSj {kSfrt gSA½
14

5. ,d m nzO;eku dk d.k ux.; nzO;eku dh iryh NM+ ds fupys fljs ls yVdk gSA NM+ dk O
Åijh fljk dkxt ds ry esa O fcUnq ls ikfjr {kSfrt v{k ds lkis{k ?kw.kZu djus ds fy,
LorU=k gSA fp=kkuqlkj tc NM+ Å/okZ/kj fLFkfr esa gS rks fLizax vlEihfM+r gSA ;fn bls
lkE;koLFkk ls FkksM+k&lk foLFkkfir djds NksM+ fn;k tk;s rks d.k dh xfr ljy vkorZ xfr
L 9mgL
gS rFkk nksyu dk vkorZdky  gS rks n Kkr djksA k = 2
rFkk g = 10m/s2
n
yhft;sA
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Simple Harmonic Motion
6. vxj lh/kh js[kk ds vuqfn'k xfr djrs d.k dk osx le; ds lkFk T;k (sin) Qyu ds :i esa fp=kkuqlkj ifjofrZr
gksrk gS rks t = 0 ls t = 2 (2n – 1) lsd.M ds nkSjku d.k dh vkSlr pky D;k gksxh] tgka n dksbZ Hkh /kukRed iw.kkZad
gSA

7. nks ljy yksydks A rFkk B dh yEckbZ  rFkk /4 gS dks fp=k esa iznf'kZr fLFkfr ls NksM+k tkrk gSA NksM+us ds ckn og
le; Kkr djks tc nksuksa jLlh;ka igyh ckj lekUrj gksrh gSA dks.k  cgqr gh vYi gSA

8. x-y ry esa m nzO;eku dk d.k bl izdkj xfr'khy gS fd blds x rFkk y funsZ'kkad Øe'k% x = a sin t rFkk
y = a cos t ds vuqlkj ifjofrZr gksrs gSaA ;gk¡ ‘a’ rFkk ‘’ /kukRed fLFkjkad rFkk ‘t’ le; gSA Kkr djks
(a) iFk dk lehdj.k rFkk ukeA
(b) d.k okekorZ fn'kk esa xfr djsxk ;k nf{k.kkorZ fn'kk esa xfr djsxk \
(c) t le; ij d.k ij dk;Zjr cy \

9. nks v';ku, vlihfM+; rFkk v?kqyu'khy nzo ftudk ?kuRo rFkk 1.5gSA R f=kT;k rFkk vYi vuqçLFk dkV {ks=kQy
dh Å/okZ/kj uyh esa fp=kkuqlkj Hkjs gSA izR;sd nzo uyh dh pkSFkkbZ ifjf/k esa Hkjk gSA [1991 ; 4 + 4 M ]

R
o


(a) dks.k Kkr djks tksfd nksauks nzo dks feykus okyh f=kT;k Å/okZ/kj ls cukrh gSA
(b) ;fn lEiw.kZ nzo dks lkE;koLFkk ls vYi foLFkkfir dj fn;k tk;s rks fl) djks fd ifj.kkeh nksyu ljy vko`fÙk
gksaxsA bu nksyuksa dk vkorZdky Kkr djksA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
10. leku nzO;eku 0.1 kg dh nks le:i xsans A o B nks leku nzO;ekughu fLçaxksa ls tqM+h gSA fLçax nzO;eku fudk; ,d
o`Ùkh; n`<+ pduh uyh esa fp=kkuqlkj xfr dj ldrk gSA uyh {kSfrt ry esa tM+or~ gSA xsanks dk dsUnz 0.06 m f=kT;k
ds o`Ùk esa xfr dj ldrk gSA çR;sd fLçax dh lkekU; yEckbZ 0.06 ehVj rFkk fLçax cy fu;rkad 0.1 N/m gSA
çkjEHk esa nksauks xsans  = /6 jsfM;u dks.k ls PQ O;kl ds lkis{k foLFkkfir dh tkrh gS rFkk fLFkjkoLFkk ls NksM+h tkrh
gSA ¼fp=kkuqlkj½ [1993 ; 6M]


 (i) xsan B ds nksyuksa dh vko`fÙk Kkr djksA
(ii) xsan A dh pky Kkr djks] tc nksauks xsan O;kl PQ ds nksauks fljksa ij vkrh gSA
(iii) fudk; dh dqy ÅtkZ D;k gS \ 

11. fp=kkuqlkj k1 rFkk k2 cy fu;rkad dh nks gYdh fLçax rFkk m 60 cm

k1 k2
m V
nzO;eku dk CykWd fpduh {kSfrt Vscy ij ,d js[kk AB ij
fp=kkuqlkj fLFkr gSA nksauks fLçax ds ,d fljs tM+or~ gS rFkk nwljk A C D B

fljk eqDr gSA nksauks eqDr fljksa ds chp dh nwjh CD = 60 cm gSA

;fn CykWd dks js[kk AB ds vuqfn'k 120 cm/s dk osx fn;k tk;s rks CykWd ds nksyu dk vkorZdky Kkr djksA
(k1 = 1.8 N/m, k2 = 3.2 N/m, m = 200 g ) [1985 ; 6M]

12. fp=kkuqlkj M nzO;eku dh le:i r[rk {kSfrt rFkk lefer :i ls nks

foijhr fn'kk esa fu;r dks.kh; osx ls fdlh cká dkjd }kjk ?kwers gq,
ifg;ksa ij j[kh gSA nksuksa ifg;ksa rFkk r[krk ds e/; ?k"kZ.k xq.kkad µ gSA
;fn r[krk dks bldh yEckbZ ds vuqfn'k foLFkkfir djds NksM+ fn;k tk;s
rks r[krk dh nksyu xfr dk vkorZdky Kkr djksA

13. ?kukHk foHko (Cubic Potential) : m nzO;eku dk ,d d.k ysrs gS] tks fLFkfrt ÅtkZ u(x) ds izHkko esa ,d foeh;
m2 x2 x3
xfr djrk gSA u(x) =  x  ;gk¡ ,  rFkk a /kukRed ,oa okLrfod gSA
2 3
(a) u(x) dk xzkQ vkjsf[kr djs ,oa ;fn dksbZ pje gS rks n'kkZ;s
(b) izdj.k ysosa tgk¡ m = 1,  = 2 ,  = 1 rFkk  = 1/2 gS (mi;qDr foek esa)A fLFkfrt ÅtkZ u(x) dks vkjsf[kr
dhft,A ;fn bl ,d foeh; foHko esa xfr'khy d.k dh dqy ÅtkZ E = 0 gS (leku ek=kd esa)A vuqer ijkl]
ifjc)rk ,oa vko`fr (regions, boundedness and periodicity) ds inksa esa d.k dh xfr dks le>kb;sA

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Simple Harmonic Motion
14. m1 = 1.0 kg o m2 = 2.0 kg nzO;eku ds nks CykWd nzO;ekughu izR;kLFk fLiazx }kjk tM+s gq, rFkk fLiazx dh izkÑfrd
yEckbZ esa ;s CykWd izkjEHk esa fojkekoLFkk esa fpduh {kSfrt lrg ij j[ks gq, gSA m1 nzO;eku ds ,d CykWd ij fuf'pr
le; t ds fy, ,d fu;r ifjek.k dk {kSfrt cy F = 6.0 N vkjksfir fd;k tkrk gS] ftlls m1 esa foLFkkiu
x1 = 0.1 m rFkk x2 = 0.05 m gksrs gSA nzO;eku dsUnz ds lkis{k fudk; dh xfrt ÅtkZ 0.1 J gSA blds i'pkr~
cy F gVk fn;k tkrk gSA

F m1 m2
x1 x2
(a) t dh x.ku dhft,A
(b) cy gVkus ds ckn nzO;eku dsUnz dh pky rFkk xfrt ÅtkZ dh x.kuk dhft,A
(c) fudk; esa lafpr ÅtkZ dh x.kuk dhft,A

M2  4M1
1. T  2 2. V/2 3.   4. 5
k
8 
5. 25 6. m/s 7.
 3 g

8. (a) x2 + y2 = a2 , o`Ùk (b) d.k nf{k.kkorZ fn'kk esa xfr djrk gSA (c) cy dk ifjek.k = m a2x  a2y = m2 a
 1 R
9. (a) tan – 1    (b) 2
5 6.11
1 4  0.1 1
10. (i) f = = Hz(ii) V = 0.0628 (iii) 3.9 × 10–4 J 11. 2.82 s
2 0.1 
3 3
12. 2 13. (b) x = 0 ,oa x = esa e/; U _.kkred gSA vr% xfrt ÅtkZ /kukRed gSA
µg 2
14. (a) 0.26s, (b) 0.52 ms–1, 0.40 J, (c) 0.20 J

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