European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023

Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),

Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK

Digital Preservation Skills of Electronic Information Resources’ Management

among Library Personnel in Selected Universities in Nigeria
Fayomi Esther Oluranti1, Arowolo Rahman Olorunleke2, Atanda Abiodun3
1
Department of Communication and General Studies, Federal University of Agriculture
Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Nigeria
2
Department of Communication and General Studies, Federal University of Agriculture
Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Nigeria
3
Day Waterman College, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

Citation: Oluranti F.E, Olorunleke A.R., Abiodun A. (2023) Digital Preservation Skills of Electronic Information
Resources’ Management among Library Personnel in Selected Universities in Nigeria, European Journal of Computer
Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87

ABSTRACT: Electronic information resources (EIR) management requires skills that are vital
for digital preservation; thus, it is imperative that library personnel enhance their skills to cope
with the demands of the modern electronic information age. Digital Preservation Skills of
Electronic Information Resources’ Management among Library Personnel in Selected
Universities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling proportionate to size was adopted
in selecting 242 respondents (84.4%) out of 286 librarians, library officers, library assistants and
support staff from nine (9) purposively selected university libraries in Ogun State. A structured
questionnaire was used to collect data on electronic information resources available in selected
universities libraries and interview were used to triangulate the data collect with questionnaire
data for the research questions. The EIRs preservation skills possessed by library personnel, the
EIRs preservation strategies used by the libraries and how EIRs are managed in the selected
university libraries. However, only 215 of the 242 questionnaires were found useful (88.8%
response rate). Descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and
Ordinary Least Squares regression technique (OLS) were used to analyse the data obtained from
the respondents. Results also reveal that e-journal ( x  1.95), online public access catalogue ( x 
1.93) and Autoregressive Distributed Lag ( x  1.60) were available in the university libraries. In
conclusion, preservation skills and preservation strategies were the major determinants of EIR's
management. Therefore, the study recommended that stakeholders and university administration
should build the capacity of library personnel's digital preservation skills for enhanced
management of EIRs.
KEYWORDS: digital preservation, electronic information resources management, library
personnel, preservation strategies

75
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK

INTRODUCTION

The current craving of academic library users may lead to a preference for information in electronic
format as against the print format, and this may be because of the advent information and
communication technologies and the infusion of virtual and digital information resources into
library collections globally. Libraries are evolving and going through technological
transformations such that university libraries that have erstwhile held in stock, a large number of
printed documents are gradually migrating to electronic collections, with the capacity for limitless
volumes of the document in digital format. Beer and Mulder (2020) explained that growth in
technologies since the 1990s have reformed how information is utilised, managed, stored and
accessed. Libraries are migrating their collections to computer-mediated platforms (Hodge, 2018).
However, Okogwu and Achebe (2018) pointed out that the emergence of e-resources has forced a
change in library operational and organisational procedures.

Electronic Information Resources have led to the changes of information retrieval methods and
access to information resources. However, information was previously transmitted manually from
library personnel to users. Recently, the majority of the communication and transmission of
information are done between users and computers, and this is due to the fact that most information
being accessed is stored electronically (Olushola, Nwalo and Ajani, 2020). Thus, the need to
engage in digital preservation strategies and have library personnel trained in the skills of
managing. Electronic Information Resources in libraries and other information collection centres,
noting that the preservation of EIRs is very important. The increased use of the Internet and
computers in many information centres as well as the production of Electronic Information
Resources combined with the significant challenges related to ensuring the long-term preservation
of Electronic Information Resources, means that it is vital that there should be thorough action to
overcome these challenges (Hoq and Haque, 2018).

Statement of the Problem

The management of electronic information resources is crucial in the library setting, especially
with the proliferation of electronic information resources and the desire of library users to have
their information needs to be met electronically. As Electronic Information Resources continue to
grow exponentially, libraries are seems to have been faced with the challenge of getting and
sustaining adequate skilled staff in electronic information resources management and preservation.
Despite the significant benefit of Electronic Information Resource, we still cannot overlook the
challenge of ensuring that library personnel are adequately skilled in the preservation of electronic
information resources and management could be attributed to a lack of preservation strategies.
However, it has also been observed that there is little documented evidence of the skillfulness of
library personnel of university libraries in the management and preservation of Electronic
Information Resources. Hence, this study sets to examine the digital preservation skills of
electronic information resources management among library personnel in selected university
libraries in Ogun State.

76
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK
Research Questions
The study provided answers to the following research questions:
a) What are the electronic information resources available in the selected university libraries
in Ogun State?
b) What are the digital preservation skills possessed by library personnel in the selected
universities in Ogun State?

Research Objectives
The Research objectives are to:
a) identify the electronic information resources available in the selected university libraries
in Ogun State.
b) determine the digital preservation skills possessed by library personnel in the selected
university libraries in Ogun State.

Hypotheses of the Study

The research hypotheses formulated in the null form for the purpose of this study are:

Ho1: There is no significant relationship between library personnel’s digital preservation skills and
management of electronic information resources in selected university libraries in Ogun State

HO2: There is no significant relationship between digital preservation strategies and management
of electronic information resources by library personnel of selected university libraries in Ogun
State.

LITERATURE REVIEW

University libraries' staff members should be specially trained in certain preservation techniques,
abilities, and tactics. According to Masenya and Ngulube (2020), staff members involved in
protecting these resources generally lack the technical know-how and preservation techniques
required by library employees in the libraries. Deegan and Tanner (2018) noted that in addition to
having limited ICT abilities, the majority of library staff in underdeveloped nations also lacks
knowledge of digital preservation. Information professionals should have knowledge in all facets
of handling and processing electronic information resources, according to Deegan and Tanner
(2018). However, one should create a schedule of services that will draw in and keep the
knowledgeable information specialists now working in the area as well as other professionals that
fall within the broader definition of library science. The primary issue facing libraries is the
deterioration of electronic resources, which has increased the demand for preservation and
conservation expertise. In order to properly preserve materials, it is important to take into account
the importance of records in terms of their educational, sociopolitical, and economic effects on
society. You should also consider how long each class of records should be kept before being
destroyed or preserved permanently for use in the future. No library collection is unlimited, though.
They are naturally prone to disintegration, making preservation and conservation of them

77
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK
extremely crucial. Future generations will need to be able to use the information in communication
medium effectively, so it is necessary to preserve, conserve, or have an impact on both of these
activities. Titles of intellectual or biographical worth should be preserved.

According to Obaseki and Carter (2021), there aren't many sites in third-world nations where one
may receive official, specialized training in the preservation of EIRs. They emphasized that the
absence of technical know-how is a significant problem in many African nations. Information
centers employ a small number of information professionals who are qualified in ICTs. Amaechi,
Enweani, and Eke (2018) expanded on this viewpoint by stating that the majority of African
information professionals who work in libraries lack the knowledge necessary to instruct others in
the management of EIRs. Additionally, Matlala, Ncube and Parbanath (2022), noted in their study
that while some information centers were successful in hiring and training workers, they ultimately
struggled to retain them. This suggests that in order to manage IT services in libraries that preserve
EIRs, it is vital to enforce the proper techniques for hiring and training library staff. In order to
enforce license agreements, avoid unauthorized use and the potential for exploitation of these EIRs
(Kariuki, Karugu, and Opiyo, 2018). This relates to concerns with copyright and rights
administration. For instance, an EIR that has been approved for use on the Internet won't need any
particular access management, whereas one that has been approved exclusively for a certain user
group will need access management to comply with the license agreement. Libraries will be able
to handle the demanding requirements associated with EIRs preservation by explicitly
communicating to staff what management of EIRs is expected.

According to Kalusopa, Mosweu and Bayane (2021), in order for ICT employees to stay up with
technological advancements, there is a constant need to enhance their abilities. On the other hand,
Clemens and Postel (2018), claimed that, in contrast to countries outside of Africa, most trainers
in African nations lack competence and are unprepared for the duty of instructing people in the art
of EIR preservation. Masenya and Ngulube (2020) contends that staff members who are protecting
these resources generally lack technical expertise of EIRs. Further highlighting the fact that
incomplete knowledge of the technology and applications necessary for the management of EIRs
results from ignorance, Masenya and Ngulube (2020) went further. Therefore, in order to handle
and offer access to EIRs, information professionals must acquire new capabilities. According to
Masenya, and Ngulube (2020), there aren't many sites in poor nations where one can get a formal,
specialized education in the preservation of EIRs. Additionally, they made note of the fact that
poor technological proficiency is common in many university libraries. Because there is a shortage
of information professionals with computer science degrees (computer engineers) working in
libraries, there is a frequent breakdown of ICT infrastructure and disruption of digitized services,
which prevents continuous access to EIRs. Most universities still lag behind in ICT infrastructure,
which has an impact on the preservation of and access to EIRs, and many university libraries lack
the human resources with the necessary skills, capabilities, and attitudes to initiate, implement,
and sustain digitisation projects. According to Masenya and Ngulube (2020), managing EIRs to
ensure long-term preservation and access is difficult since trainers (library staff) lack experience
and are ill-equipped to train others in electronic preservation and digitisation.

78
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK
According to Patil, (2018), updating information from old technology to new technology on a
frequently is necessary to prevent it from becoming inaccessible as a result of technological
advancements. When it comes to long-term preservation methods, the information available on
different media, such as microfilm and CD-ROM, will only coexist for a while if the proper steps
are done in light of these technological advancements (Patil, 2018). According to Masenya and
Ngulube (2020), the university library's EIR preservation is severely hampered by insufficient ICT
infrastructure, which manifests itself, for instance, in frequent power failures. Electronic resources
are harmed as a result, and standby electric generators are expensive to operate where they are
present. They went on to say that the majority of African nations lack appropriate and dependable
power supplies, which makes it impossible to maintain an atmosphere that is hospitable and
sustainable technologically and suited for the preservation of EIRs.

METHODOLOGY

Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. Descriptive survey aims at gathering
the opinions of the respondents on the study. The population of the study consist of library
personnel in the selected university libraries in Ogun State. There were a total of 112 librarians
and 174 Library Officers in Ogun State; this gives a total population of 286 library personnel. The
population is presented on Table 1.

Table 1: Population of the Study

S/N Name of Institutions Librarians Library Total
Officers
1 Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta 25 20 45
(FUNAAB)
2 Olabisi Onabanjo University (OOU)Ago 17 35 52
Iwoye
3 Tai Solarin University of Education 9 12 21
(TASUED) Ijebu-Ode
4 Covenant University 18 28 46
5 Christ land University 2 3 5
6 Mountain top University, Lagos Ibadan 3 6 9
Express way
7 Christopher University 2 7 9
8 Crawford University 3 6 9
9 Hallmark University 2 6 8
10 McPherson University 2 8 10
11 Crescent University 5 8 13
12 Bells University 7 10 17
13 Babcock University 15 20 35
14 South/Western University 2 5 7
Total 112 174 286
Source: Field survey, 2022

79
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK
Sampling Technique and Sample Size
Total enumeration sampling technique was used to capture the entire librarians and library officers
in government-owned universities (federal and state) in Ogun state. This is because there are more
librarians and library officers compared with the private universities while a simple random
sampling technique was used to select from the private universities to participate in the study.
There are 12 private universities in Ogun state out of which six 6 (50%) of them were randomly
selected for the study. This was followed by total enumeration of the librarians and library officers
of the selected universities. Thus, a total of 242 library personnel were studied (Table 2)

Table 2: Sample size for the study.

S/N Name of Institutions Librarians Library Total
Officers
Federal University of Agriculture, 25 20 45
Abeokuta (FUNAAB)
Olabisi Onabanjo University 17 35 52
(OOU)Ago Iwoye
Tai Solarin University of Education 9 12 21
(TASUED)Ijebu-Ode
Covenant University 18 28 46
Chrisland University 2 3 5
Christopher University 2 6 8
Crescent University 5 8 13
Bells University 7 10 17
Babcock University 15 20 35
Total 100 142 242
Source: Field survey, 2022

Data Collection Procedure

Data collection for the study was conducted by the researcher with the help of members of library
staff in the selected university libraries; this was to ensure the retrieval of all the copies of the
questionnaire. A library staff each from the selected university libraries was briefed by the
researcher who visited the libraries and explained how to help distribute and collect the completed
questionnaire which ensured a high response rate. Copies of the questionnaire were administered
within a period of four weeks. A total of two hundred and forty-two (242) copies of the
questionnaires were administered among the respondents. However, two hundred and fifteen (215)
copies of the questionnaire which represented 88.8% were found useable.

Method of Data Analysis

Data collected through the questionnaire were analysed using frequency counts, percentages, mean
and standard deviation. The Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation coefficient was used to analyse
hypotheses 1 and 2. The research hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance.

80
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This section presents the result of the study in tables in line with the research questions and
hypotheses earlier formulated to guide the study

Institutional Distribution of Respondents

Table 4: Frequency distribution of respondents by institution
Institution Frequency Percentage (%)
Federal University of Abeokuta 39 18.1
Christopher University 7 3.3
Chrisland University 3 1.4
Crescent University 9 4.2
Olabisi Onabanjo University 49 22.8
Babcock University 31 14.4
Tai-Solarin University 20 9.3
Bells University 17 7.9
Covenant University 40 18.6
TOTAL 215 100.0
Source: Field survey, 2022

The distribution of respondents by institution as presented on Table 5 shows that 39(18.1%) of the
respondents are from the Federal University of Abeokuta, 7(3.3%) are from Christopher
University, 3(1.4%) from Chrisland University, 9(4.2%) from Crescent University, 49(22.8%)
from Olabisi Onabanjo University, 31(14.4%) from Babcock University, 20(9.3%) works at Tai-
Solarin University, 17(7.9%) from Bells University and 40(18.6%) are from Covenant University.
The result indicates that Olabisi Onabanjo University (OOU) has the highest number of
respondents in this study22.8%. This may be due to the fact that Olabisis Onabanjo University
(OOU) is the oldest state owned university among the studied university libraries.

Data analysis based on Research Questions

Electronic Information Resources Available in the University Libraries.
Respondents were asked to indicate the electronic information resources available to users in the
various university libraries in Ogun State, such as E-journals, reference services, online public
access catalogue, E-book, electronic database among others. The finding of this study as reported
on Table 9 above revealed that, E-journals ( x  1.95) was the most available item, closely followed
by online public access catalogue ( x  1.93) and E-books ( x  1.85) (Access to Research for
Development and Innovation(ARDI) ( x  1.60) was the least available EIR in the selected
universities.

81
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK
Table 9 Electronic Information Resources Available in the University Libraries
S/N Electronics Information Not x S.D
Resources Available Available
1 E-journals 205 10 1.95 0.21
(95.3%) (4.7%)
2 Online public access 201 14 1.93 0.25
catalogue (93.5%) (6.5%)
3 E-books 183 32 1.85 0.36
(85.1%) (14.9%)
4 Agora 176 39 1.82 0.39
(81.9%) (18.1%)
5 E-bulletins 171 44 1.80 0.40
(79.5%) (20.5%)
6 E-magazines 167 48 1.78 0.42
(77.7%) (22.3%)
7 Ebscohost 165 50 1.77 0.42
(76.7%) (23.3%)
8 Science direct 161 54 1.75 0.43
(74.9%) (25.1%)
9 Hinari 156 59 1.73 0.45
(72.6%) (27.4%)
10 Oare 141 74 1.66 0.48
(65.6%) (34.4%)
11 Goali 136 79 1.63 0.48
(63.3%) (36.7%)
12 TEEAL 131 84 1.61 0.47
(60.9%) (39.1%)
13 Ardi(Access to Research for 130 85 1.60 0.48
Development and (60.5%) (39.5%)
Innovation)
Weighted mean = 1.76
Source: Field survey, 2022

Using the weighted mean of 1.76 as the benchmark, the inference drawn from these findings was
that E-journals, online public access catalogue, E-books AGORA, E-bulletins and Ebscohost were
the most available electronic information resources in the selected university libraries of study.
This finding is in congruence with the findings of Emmasiegbu and Anaehobi (2021) when they
studied the use and availability of library electronic information resources (EIR) by academic staff
at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. The study shows that the
available and most used e-resources were TEEAL, AGORA, e-granary and HINARI.

82
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK
Digital Preservation Skills Possessed by Library Personnel

Table 10 Digital preservation skills possessed by library personnel in the study

S/N Items HS AS LS NS x S.D

1 Managerial skill 71 95 23 26 2.98 0.96
33.0 44.2 10.7% 12.1%
% %
2 Laminating skill 69 93 24 29 2.94 0.99
32.1 43.3 11.2% 13.5%
% %
3 Encapsulation 45 136 11 23 2.94 0.83
skill 20.9 63.3 5.1% 10.7%
% %
4 Emulation skill 47 135 7 26 2.94
21.9 62.8 3.3% 12.1% 0.86
% %
5 Transformation 57 107 26 25 2.91
skill 26.5 49.8 12.1% 11.6% 0.92
% %
6 Migrating skill 54 105 30 56 2.87
25.1 48.8 14.0% 12.1% 0.93
% %
7 Refreshing skill 53 108 22 32 2.85
24.7 50.2 10.2% 14.9% 0.96
% %
8 Replicating skill 50 100 50 33 2.78
23.3 46.5 23.3% 15.3% 0.97
% %
Key: Highly skilled, Average skilled, Lowly skilled, Not skilled

Source: Field Survey 2022

In table 10 respondents were asked to indicate the electronic Information resources preservation
skills they possessed. The EIRs preservation skills possessed mostly by library personnel was
Managerial skill as indicated by ( x  2.98) of the respondents. This ranked highest by the mean
score rating as the major skill possessed by library personnel and was followed by Communication
skill ( x  2.94) and Transformation skill ( x  2.91). However, the least preservation skills
possessed as indicated by library personnel was encapsulation skill ( x  2.94).

83
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK
Using the weighted mean of 2.90 as the benchmark, the inference drawn from this finding was that
managerial skills, communication skill, encapsulation skill, emulation skill and transformation
skills were the most possessed preservation skills employed by the library personnel of the selected
libraries. This finding is in agreement with Haleem, Javaid, Qadri and Suman (2022) and Deegan
and Tanner (2018) who stressed that, most library personnel in developing countries apart from
having low ICT skills also lack skills in digital preservation. Also Kalusopa, Mosweu and Bayane
(2021) indicated that there is a constant need to upgrade ICTs’ staff skills in order for them to keep
up with technological changes.

Test of Hypotheses
Ho1: There is no significant relationship between library personnel’s digital preservation skills,
and management of electronic information resources in selected university libraries in Ogun State.

Table 11: Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) showing the relationship between Library
personnel preservation skills and Management of Electronic Information Resources

Variables Mean Std. Dev. N R p-value Remarks

Personnel preservation skills 23.2140 5.0817
215 .496* .000 Sig.
EIR management strategies 24.4419 4.9874
* Sig. at 0.05 level
Source: Field Survey 2022

Table11 shows that there is a significant relationship between library personnel preservation skills
and management strategies of electronic information resources in university libraries in Ogun State
(r= .496, n= 215, p(.000)<.05). Hence, it could be deduced that personnel preservation skills and
strategies have the tendency to improve positively, enhance and influence Electronic Information
Resources Management in the university libraries studied.

Thus, the hypothesis is rejected. This finding was in agreement with Lefuwa (2008) who reported
that information professionals should have experience in all areas of EIRs’ processing and
handling that for this reason, one should develop a schedule of service that will attract and retain
the skilled information professionals who are available in the field.

H02: There is no significant relationship between digital preservation strategies, and management
of electronic information resources by library personnel of selected university libraries in Ogun
State.

Table 12: Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) showing the relationship between library
personnel preservation strategies and management of electronic information resources

84
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK
Variables Mean Std. Dev. N r p-value Remarks
Personnel preservation strategies 27.0279 6.1446
215 .597* .000 Sig.
EIR management 24.4419 4.9874
Sig. at 0.05
Source: Field Survey 2022

Table 12 shows that there is a significant relationship between preservation strategies and
management of electronic information resources by library personnel of university libraries in
Ogun State (r = .597, n= 215, p (.000) <.05). Hence, it could be deduced that preservation strategies
improve EIR management in the university libraries studied.
Hence, the hypothesis is rejected.

This result is in consonance with Patil, (2018) explained that the following strategies are needed
when handling a media storage device for preserving information are moderating and making
temperature and humidity stable helps keep storage alive.

FINDINGS

1.The electronic information resources mostly available in the selected universities in Ogun State
are E-journals, Online public access catalogue, E-books, AGORA, E-bulletins and Ebscohost.

2. The digital preservation skills possessed mostly by library personnel as indicated by a higher
percentage of them were managerial skill, communication skill, encapsulation skill and emulation
skill.

3. Library personnel’s digital preservation skills positively influenced management of EIR in

universities libraries in Ogun State.

4. Library personnel’s digital preservation strategies positively influenced management of

electronic information resources in university libraries in Ogun State.

CONCLUSION

This study revealed that digital preservation skills have great influence on the management of
electronics information resources in universities libraries and that, electronic information
resources were available in the selected universities libraries and that, the electronic information
resources commonly found in all the selected university were E-journals, online public access
catalogue, E-books, AGORA, E-bulletins, E-magazines, Ebscohost, Science direct and TEEAL in
the selected University.

85
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK
Recommendations
Consequent upon the other findings of the study, the following recommendations are made:
 University libraries should always orientate and evaluate their library personnel based on
the available electronic information resources EIRs to ensure the long span of these EIRs.
 The parent institutions and library management should provide conducive environment,
training and retraining of library personnel on relevant digital preservation skills for
example managerial skill, communication skill, encapsulation skill and emulation skill.
 The government and the universities should create awareness or organise seminars,
workshops, conferences for training and retraining of library personnel on preservation
skills for the management of electronic information resources which recorded low
percentages, this will enable them to have adequate knowledge on preservation and
management of EIRs.
 Very few library personnel are conversant with digital preservation skills and strategies on
EIRs management, thus militating against any comprehensive preservation programme.
There is need to improve on electronic information resources in libraries, orientation for
staff, library routine activity, and staff training and retraining on preservation and
management, positive attitudes towards preservation and conservation among many others
are necessary.

REFERENCES

Amaechi, N. M., Enweani, U. V., & Catherine, C. (2018). Challenges to Library and Information
Services (LIS) Delivery in the 21st Century: The Situation in Three Academic Libraries in
Imo State, Nigeria. Library Philosophy and Practice, 2075.
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/2075
Beer, P., & Mulder, R. H. (2020). The Effects of Technological Developments on Work and Their
Implications for Continuous Vocational Education and Training: A Systematic Review.
Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00918
Clemens, M. A., & Postel, H. M. (2018). Deterring emigration with foreign aid: An overview of
evidence from low-income countries. Population and Development Review, 44(4), 667–
702. https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12196Deegan, M., & Tanner, S. (Eds.). (2018). Digital
Preservation. Facet Publishing.
Emmasiegbu, M., & Anaehobi, S. E. (2021). Challenges to the Use of Electronic Databases by
Lecturers in Government-Owned University Libraries in Anambra State, Nigeria. Library
Philosophy and Practice, 1–16.
Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the Role of Digital
Technologies in Education: A Review. Sustainable Operations and Computers.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40515-021-00151-5
Hodge, G. (2018). Archiving and Preservation in Electronic Libraries. Paper presented at the RTO
IMC Lecture Series on “Electronic Information Management for PfP Nations”, Vilnius,
86
 European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 11 (3), 75-87, 2023
Print ISSN: 2054-0957 (Print),
Online ISSN: 2054-0965 (Online)
Website: https://www.eajournals.org/
Publication of the European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK
Lithuania, 24–26 September. http://ftp.rta.nato.int/public//PubFullText/RTO/EN/RTO-
EN-026///EN-026-07.pdf
Hoq, K. M. G., & Haque, M. A. (2018). Student Perception of Electronic Resources Use in
Rajshahi University Library: A Case Study. International Journal of Library and
Information Science, 10(7), 78–84. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLIS2016.0827
Kalusopa, T., Mosweu, T., & Bayane, S. (2021). Implementation of Enterprise-Wide Systems to
Manage Trustworthy Digital Records in Botswana’s Public Sector. New Review of
Information Networking, 26(1–2), 50–69.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2021.1898035
Kariuki, J. W. O., Karugu, W. N., & Opiyo, M. M. O. (2018). Challenges Facing Digitization
Projects in Kenya: Case of Implementation of National Land Information Management
System. International Journal of Technology and Systems, 3(1), 23–42.
Masenya, T. M., & Ngulube, P. (2020). Factors That Influence Digital Preservation Sustainability
in Academic Libraries in South Africa. South African Journal of Libraries and Information
Science
Matlala, M. E., Ncube, T. R., & Parbanath, S. (2022). The state of digital records preservation in
South Africa’s public sector in the 21st century: a literature review. Records Management
Journal, (ahead-of-print).
Obaseki, D., & Carter, J. E. (2021). Training specialists in developing countries: A new model.
Journal of the Pan African Thoracic Society, 2(1), 4-5.
Okogwu, F. I., & Achebe, N. E. (2018). Selection and acquisition of electronic resources. Library
Philosophy and Practice, (e2202).
Olushola, Adeniran, Nwalo, K., & Ajani, Yusuf. (2020). Application of information and
communication technology in academic libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria: Progress and
challenges. Library Philosophy and Practice, (e5008).
Patil, T. M. (2018). E-journal collection management transition trend and technology. International
E-Journal of Library Science, 6(1), 1-10.

87