NETWORKING
PROJECTBY: PRANAV GEHLOT
INTRODUCTION
• NETWORKING IS THE PROCESS OF
CONNECTING TWO OR MORE
C O M P U T E R S T O S H A R E D ATA A N D
RESOURCES.
• IT CAN BE WIRED OR WIRELESS.
WHY IS NETWORKING
IMPORTANT?
Enables data and resource sharing
Improves communication
Provides Internet access
TYPES OF NETWORKS
• LAN (Local Area Network)
• WAN (Wide Area Network)
• MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)
A small network confined to a limited area
Used in homes, schools, and offices
WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
• Covers large geographical areas such as cities
or countries.
• The Internet is the largest example of a WAN
METROPOLITAN AREA
NETWORK (MAN)
Larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN
Covers an entire city or a large campus
NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
• Bus Topology: All devices are connected to a
single central cable
• Star Topology: Devices are connected to a
central hub or switch
• Ring Topology: Devices are connected in a
closed-loop
• Mesh Topology: Every device is connected to
every other device
NETWORK DEVICES
Router: Connects different networks
Switch: Connects multiple devices in a LAN
Modem: Converts digital data into signals for transmission
Hub: Broadcasts data to all connected devices
NETWORK PROTOCOLS
• TCP/IP: Core protocol for the Internet
• HTTP/HTTPS: Used for web browsing
• FTP: Used for file transfers
• SMTP/POP3/IMAP: Used for email
communication
IP ADDRESSING
IPv4: 32-bit addressing system (e.g., [Link])
IPv6: 128-bit addressing system (e.g., [Link])
DNS (DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM)
• Translates domain names into IP addresses
• Example: [Link] → [Link]
NETWORK SECURITY
Protects networks from cyber threats
Includes encryption, firewalls, and antivirus software
FIREWALLS
• Monitors and controls incoming and outgoing
network traffic
• Can be hardware-based or software-based
CYBER THREATS
Malware: Harmful software that damages systems
Phishing: Fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information
Hacking: Unauthorized access to a network
WIRELESS NETWORKING
• Wi-Fi: Wireless LAN connection
• Bluetooth: Short-range wireless
communication
CLOUD NETWORKING
Internet-based computing and storage
Examples: Google Drive, AWS, Microsoft Azure
VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK
(VPN)
• Provides secure and encrypted connections
over public networks
• Used for privacy and bypassing restrictions
INTERNET OF THINGS ( IOT)
Devices connected to the Internet for automation and data
exchange
Examples: Smart home devices, smartwatches
FUTURE OF NETWORKING
• 5G Technology: Faster and more reliable
wireless connections
• Artificial Intelligence in Networking:
Automated network management
• Quantum Networking: Highly secure
communication
CONCLUSION
Networking is essential for modern communication and
business
Understanding networking basics helps in troubleshooting and
securing networks
REFERENCES &
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• Wikipedia - [Link]
• Cisco Networking Academy -
[Link]
• IEEE Journals on Networking -
[Link]
• TutorialsPoint -
[Link]
THANK YOU
