4th Sem Syllabus
4th Sem Syllabus
Course objectives:
● To learn the methods for analyzing algorithms and evaluating their performance.
● To demonstrate the efficiency of algorithms using asymptotic notations.
● To solve problems using various algorithm design methods, including brute force,
greedy, divide and conquer, decrease and conquer, transform and conquer, dynamic
programming, backtracking, and branch and bound.
● To learn the concepts of P and NP complexity classes.
Module-1
INTRODUCTION: What is an Algorithm?, Fundamentals of Algorithmic Problem Solving.
FUNDAMENTALS OF THE ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHM EFFICIENCY: Analysis Framework,
Asymptotic Notations and Basic Efficiency Classes, Mathematical Analysis of Non recursive
Algorithms, Mathematical Analysis of Recursive Algorithms.
BRUTE FORCE APPROACHES: Selection Sort and Bubble Sort, Sequential Search and Brute
Force String Matching.
Chapter 1 (Sections 1.1,1.2), Chapter 2(Sections 2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4), Chapter 3(Section
3.1,3.2)
Module-2
BRUTE FORCE APPROACHES (contd..): Exhaustive Search (Travelling Salesman probem and
Knapsack Problem).
DECREASE-AND-CONQUER: Insertion Sort, Topological Sorting.
DIVIDE AND CONQUER: Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Binary Tree Traversals, Multiplication of
Large Integers and Strassen’s Matrix Multiplication.
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Annexure-II 2
Chapter 3(Section 3.4), Chapter 4 (Sections 4.1,4.2), Chapter 5 (Section 5.1,5.2,5.3, 5.4)
Module-3
TRANSFORM-AND-CONQUER: Balanced Search Trees, Heaps and Heapsort.
SPACE-TIME TRADEOFFS: Sorting by Counting: Comparison counting sort, Input Enhancement
in String Matching: Horspool’s Algorithm.
Chapter 6 (Sections 6.3,6.4), Chapter 7 (Sections 7.1,7.2)
Module-4
DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING: Three basic examples, The Knapsack Problem and Memory
Functions, Warshall’s and Floyd’s Algorithms.
THE GREEDY METHOD: Prim’s Algorithm, Kruskal’s Algorithm, Dijkstra’s Algorithm, Huffman
Trees and Codes.
Chapter 8 (Sections 8.1,8.2,8.4), Chapter 9 (Sections 9.1,9.2,9.3,9.4)
Module-5
LIMITATIONS OF ALGORITHMIC POWER: Decision Trees, P, NP, and NP-Complete Problems.
COPING WITH LIMITATIONS OF ALGORITHMIC POWER: Backtracking (n-Queens problem,
Subset-sum problem), Branch-and-Bound (Knapsack problem), Approximation algorithms for
NP-Hard problems (Knapsack problem).
Chapter 11 (Section 11.2, 11.3), Chapter 12 (Sections 12.1,12.2,12.3)
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
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Annexure-II 3
Semester-End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by the University as per the scheduled timetable, with common
question papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with
a maximum of 3 sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
Reference books
1. Computer Algorithms/C++, Ellis Horowitz, SatrajSahni and Rajasekaran, 2nd Edition, 2014,
Universities Press.
2. Introduction to Algorithms, Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronal L. Rivest, Clifford
Stein, 3rd Edition, PHI.
3. Design and Analysis of Algorithms, S. Sridhar, Oxford (Higher Education)
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Annexure-II 4
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MKV-TEMPLATE for IPCC (26.04.2022) Annexure-III
Course objectives:
● To gain knowledge on the various sources of finance.
● To understand the various uses for finance.
● To familiarize with the techniques used in financial management.
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MKV-TEMPLATE for IPCC (26.04.2022) Annexure-III
Module-4
The Cost of Capital: Preliminaries, Cost of Debt and Preference, Cost of Equity, Determining the
proportions, Weighted Average Cost of Capital, Weighted Marginal Cost of Capital, Factors affecting the
Weighted Average Cost of Capital.
[Textbook 2: Chapter 14]
Module-5
Sources of Long-Term Finance: Equity Capital, Internal Accruals, Preference Capital, Term Loans,
Debentures.
[Textbook 2: Chapter 17]
Working Capital Management: Nature of working capital – Concepts and Definitions of Working
Capital, Planning of Working Capital - Need for working capital, Determinants of working capital.
[Textbook 1: Chapter 9]
Working Capital Financing: Accruals, Trade credit, Commercial banks.
[Textbook 2: Chapter 27]
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MKV-TEMPLATE for IPCC (26.04.2022) Annexure-III
7 ITC Ltd. has decided to purchase a machine to augment the company’s installed capacity to meet
the growing demand for its products. There are three machines under consideration of the
management. The relevant details including estimated yearly expenditure and sales are given
below. All sales are on cash. Corporate Income Tax rate is 30%. The economic life of Machine 1 is
2 years, while it is 3 years for the other two. The scrap values are Rs.40000, RS.25000, and
Rs.30000 respectively. You are required to find out the most profitable investment based on ‘Pay
Back Method’.
Machine 1 Machine 2 Machine 3
Initial Investment required 300000 300000 300000
Estimated annual sales 500000 400000 450000
Estimated cost of production:
Direct materials 40000 50000 48000
Direct labour 50000 30000 36000
Factory overheads 60000 50000 58000
Administration costs 20000 10000 15000
Selling and distribution costs 10000 10000 10000
8 A company is considering an investment proposal to install new milling controls at a cost of
Rs.50000. The facility has a life expectancy of 5 years and no salvage value. The tax rate is 35 per
cent. Assume the firm uses straight line depreciation and the same is allowed for tax purposes.
The estimated cash flows before depreciation and tax (CFBT) from the investment proposal are
as follows:
Year CFBT
1 Rs.10000
2 Rs.10692
3 Rs.12769
4 Rs.13642
5 Rs.20385
Compute the following: i) Payback period ii) Average rate of return iii) Internal rate of return iv)
Net present value at 10 percent discount rate v) Profitability index at 10 percent discount rate
9 Calculate the explicit cost of debt for each of the following situations:
a) Debentures are sold at par and floatation costs are 5 per cent.
b) Debentures are sold at a premium of 10 percent and floatation costs are 5 percent of issue
price.
c) Debentures are sold at a discount of 5 percent and floatation costs are 5 percent of issue price.
Assume: i) Coupon rate of interest in debentures is 10 percent ii) Face value of debentures is
Rs.100 iii) Maturity period is 10 years iv) Tax rate is 35 per cent.
10 The following information is available for Avinash metals:
Net operating income Rs.40 million
Interest on debt Rs.10 million
Cost of equity 18 per cent
Cost of debt 12 per cent
a) What is the average cost of capital of Avinash metals?
b) What happens to the average cost of capital if it employs Rs.100 million of debt to finance a
project which earns an operating income of Rs.20 million? Assume that the net operating
income (NOI) applies and there is no tax.
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MKV-TEMPLATE for IPCC (26.04.2022) Annexure-III
CIE for the theory component of the IPCC (maximum marks 50)
● IPCC means practical portion integrated with the theory of the course.
● CIE marks for the theory component are 25 marks and that for the practical component is 25
marks.
● 25 marks for the theory component are split into 15 marks for two Internal Assessment Tests (Two
Tests, each of 15 Marks with 01-hour duration, are to be conducted) and 10 marks for other
assessment methods mentioned in 22OB4.2. The first test at the end of 40-50% coverage of the
syllabus and the second test after covering 85-90% of the syllabus.
● Scaled-down marks of the sum of two tests and other assessment methods will be CIE marks for the
theory component of IPCC (that is for 25 marks).
● The student has to secure 40% of 25 marks to qualify in the CIE of the theory component of IPCC.
CIE for the practical component of the IPCC
● 15 marks for the conduction of the experiment and preparation of laboratory record, and 10 marks
for the test to be conducted after the completion of all the laboratory sessions.
● On completion of every experiment/program in the laboratory, the students shall be evaluated
including viva-voce and marks shall be awarded on the same day.
● The CIE marks awarded in the case of the Practical component shall be based on the continuous
evaluation of the laboratory report. Each experiment report can be evaluated for 10 marks. Marks of
all experiments’ write-ups are added and scaled down to 15 marks.
● The laboratory test (duration 02/03 hours) after completion of all the experiments shall be
conducted for 50 marks and scaled down to 10 marks.
● Scaled-down marks of write-up evaluations and tests added will be CIE marks for the laboratory
component of IPCC for 25 marks.
● The student has to secure 40% of 25 marks to qualify in the CIE of the practical component of the
IPCC.
SEE for IPCC
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question
papers for the course (duration 03 hours)
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
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MKV-TEMPLATE for IPCC (26.04.2022) Annexure-III
Textbooks
1. Khan, M Y., Jain, P K., Basic Financial Management, Third Edition, McGraw Hill Education (India)
Private Limited, 2012.
2. Chandra, P., Financial Management—Theory and Practice, Tenth Edition, McGraw Hill Education
(India) Private Limited., 2019.
Reference book
1. Rustagi, R P., Taxmann's Fundamentals of Financial Management-With Excel Applications, 15th
Edition, 2020.
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IPCC (26.04.2022)
Course objectives:
● To Provide a strong foundation in database concepts, technology, and practice.
● To Practice SQL programming through a variety of database problems.
● To Understand the relational database design principles.
● To Demonstrate the use of concurrency and transactions in database.
● To Design and build database applications for real world problems.
● To become familiar with database storage structures and access techniques.
Teaching-Learning Process
These are sample Strategies, which teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various
course outcomes.
1. Lecturer method (L) needs not to be only a traditional lecture method, but alternative effective
teaching methods could be adopted to attain the outcomes.
2. Use of Video/Animation to explain functioning of various concepts.
3. Encourage collaborative (Group Learning) Learning in the class.
4. Ask at least three HOT (Higher order Thinking) questions in the class, which promotes critical
thinking.
5. Adopt Problem Based Learning (PBL), which fosters students’ Analytical skills, develop design
thinking skills such as the ability to design, evaluate, generalize, and analyze information rather than
simply recall it.
6. Introduce Topics in manifold representations.
7. Show the different ways to solve the same problem with different circuits/logic and encourage the
students to come up with their own creative ways to solve them.
8. Discuss how every concept can be applied to the real world - and when that's possible, it helps
improve the students' understanding
9. Use any of these methods: Chalk and board, Active Learning, Case Studies
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IPCC (26.04.2022)
Relational Model: Relational Model Concepts, Relational Model Constraints and relational database schemas,
Update operations, transactions, and dealing with constraint violations.
Relational Algebra: Unary and Binary relational operations, additional relational operations (aggregate,
grouping, etc.) Examples of Queries in relational algebra.
Mapping Conceptual Design into a Logical Design: Relational Database Design using ER-to-Relational
mapping.
Transaction Processing: Introduction to Transaction Processing, Transaction and System concepts, Desirable
properties of Transactions, Characterizing schedules based on recoverability, Characterizing schedules based
on Serializability, Transaction support in SQL.
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IPCC (26.04.2022)
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IPCC (26.04.2022)
minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50) and for the SEE
minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A student shall be deemed to
have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted to each subject/ course if the student
secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation)
and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken together.
CIE for the theory component of the IPCC (maximum marks 50)
● IPCC means practical portion integrated with the theory of the course.
● CIE marks for the theory component are 25 marks and that for the practical component is 25 marks.
● 25 marks for the theory component are split into 15 marks for two Internal Assessment Tests (Two Tests,
each of 15 Marks with 01-hour duration, are to be conducted) and 10 marks for other assessment methods
mentioned in 22OB4.2. The first test at the end of 40-50% coverage of the syllabus and the second test
after covering 85-90% of the syllabus.
● Scaled-down marks of the sum of two tests and other assessment methods will be CIE marks for the theory
component of IPCC (that is for 25 marks).
● The student has to secure 40% of 25 marks to qualify in the CIE of the theory component of IPCC.
CIE for the practical component of the IPCC
● 15 marks for the conduction of the experiment and preparation of laboratory record, and 10 marks for the
test to be conducted after the completion of all the laboratory sessions.
● On completion of every experiment/program in the laboratory, the students shall be evaluated including
viva-voce and marks shall be awarded on the same day.
● The CIE marks awarded in the case of the Practical component shall be based on the continuous evaluation
of the laboratory report. Each experiment report can be evaluated for 10 marks. Marks of all experiments’
write-ups are added and scaled down to 15 marks.
● The laboratory test (duration 02/03 hours) after completion of all the experiments shall be conducted for
50 marks and scaled down to 10 marks.
● Scaled-down marks of write-up evaluations and tests added will be CIE marks for the laboratory
component of IPCC for 25 marks.
● The student has to secure 40% of 25 marks to qualify in the CIE of the practical component of the IPCC.
SEE for IPCC
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common question papers for
the course (duration 03 hours)
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a maximum
of 3 sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
4. Marks scoredby the student shall be proportionally scaled down to 50 Marks
The theory portion of the IPCC shall be for both CIE and SEE, whereas the practical portion will have a
CIE component only. Questions mentioned in the SEE paper may include questions from the practical
component.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Text Books:
1. Fundamentals of Database Systems, Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant B. Navathe, 7th Edition, 2017, Pearson.
2. Database management systems, Ramakrishnan, and Gehrke, 3rd Edition, 2014, McGraw Hill
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IPCC (26.04.2022)
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Template for Practical Course and if AEC is a practical Course Annexure-V
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Template for Practical Course and if AEC is a practical Course Annexure-V
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Template for Practical Course and if AEC is a practical Course Annexure-V
● SEE shall be conducted jointly by the two examiners of the same institute, examiners are
appointed by the Head of the Institute.
● The examination schedule and names of examiners are informed to the university before the
conduction of the examination. These practical examinations are to be conducted between the
schedule mentioned in the academic calendar of the University.
● All laboratory experiments are to be included for practical examination.
● (Rubrics) Breakup of marks and the instructions printed on the cover page of the answer script
to be strictly adhered to by the examiners. OR based on the course requirement evaluation
rubrics shall be decided jointly by examiners.
● Students can pick one question (experiment) from the questions lot prepared by the examiners
jointly.
● Evaluation of test write-up/ conduction procedure and result/viva will be conducted jointly by
examiners.
● General rubrics suggested for SEE are mentioned here, writeup-20%, Conduction procedure and
result in -60%, Viva-voce 20% of maximum marks. SEE for practical shall be evaluated for 100 marks
and scored marks shall be scaled down to 50 marks (however, based on course type, rubrics shall be
decided by the examiners)
● Change of experiment is allowed only once and 15% of Marks allotted to the procedure part are to be
made zero.
The minimum duration of SEE is 02 hours
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DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURES Semester IV
Course Code BCS405A CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P:S) 2:2:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 03
Examination type (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
1. To help students to understand discrete and continuous mathematical structures.
2. To impart basics of relations and functions.
3. To facilitate students in applying principles of Recurrence Relations to find the generating
functions and solve the Recurrence relations.
4. To have the knowledge of groups and their properties to understand the importance of
algebraic properties relative to various number systems.
Teaching-Learning Process
Pedagogy (General Instructions):
These are sample Strategies, teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various course
outcomes.
1. In addition to the traditional lecture method, different types of innovative teaching methods may
be adopted so that the delivered lessons shall develop students’ theoretical and applied
Mathematical skills.
2. State the need for Mathematics with Engineering Studies and Provide real-life examples.
3. Support and guide the students for self–study.
4. You will assign homework, grading assignments and quizzes, and documenting students'
progress.
5. Encourage the students to group learning to improve their creative and analytical skills.
6. Show short related video lectures in the following ways:
● As an introduction to new topics (pre-lecture activity).
● As a revision of topics (post-lecture activity).
● As additional examples (post-lecture activity).
● As an additional material of challenging topics (pre-and post-lecture activity).
● As a model solution for some exercises (post-lecture activity).
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Cartesian Products and Relations, Functions – Plain and One-to-One, Onto Functions. The
Pigeon-hole Principle, Function Composition and Inverse Functions.
Properties of Relations, Computer Recognition – Zero-One Matrices and Directed Graphs, Partial
Orders – Hasse Diagrams, Equivalence Relations and Partitions. (8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Module-4: The Principle of Inclusion and Exclusion
The Principle of Inclusion and Exclusion, Generalizations of the Principle, Derangements –
Nothing is in its Right Place, Rook Polynomials.
Recurrence Relations: First Order Linear Recurrence Relation, The Second Order Linear
Homogeneous Recurrence Relation with Constant Coefficients. (8 Hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Module-5: Introduction to Groups Theory
Definitions and Examples of Particular Groups Klein 4-group, Additive group of Integers modulo
n, Multiplicative group of Integers modulo-p and permutation groups, Properties of groups,
Subgroups, cyclic groups, Cosets, Lagrange’s Theorem. (8
Hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Apply concepts of logical reasoning and mathematical proof techniques in proving
theorems and statements.
2. Demonstrate the application of discrete structures in different fields of computer science.
3. Apply the basic concepts of relations, functions and partially ordered sets for computer
representations.
4. Solve problems involving recurrence relations and generating functions.
5. Illustrate the fundamental principles of Algebraic structures with the problems related to
computer science & engineering.
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50)
and for the SEE, the minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks).
The student is declared as a pass in the course if he/she secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of
100) in the sum total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End
Examination) taken together.
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Continuous Internal Evaluation:
● There are 25 marks for the CIE's Assignment component and 25 for the Internal Assessment Test
component.
● Each test shall be conducted for 25 marks. The first test will be administered after 40-50% of the
coverage of the syllabus, and the second test will be administered after 85-90% of the coverage
of the syllabus. The average of the two tests shall be scaled down to 25 marks
● Any two assignment methods mentioned in the 22OB2.4, if an assignment is project-based then
only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The schedule for assignments shall be
planned properly by the course teacher. The teacher should not conduct two assignments at the
end of the semester if two assignments are planned. Each assignment shall be conducted for 25
marks. (If two assignments are conducted then the sum of the two assignments shall be scaled
down to 25 marks)
The final CIE marks of the course out of 50 will be the sum of the scale-down marks of tests and
assignment/s marks.
The Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of
Bloom’s taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.
Semester-End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by the University as per the scheduled timetable, with common
question papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a
maximum of 3 sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Books (Name of the author/Title of the Book/Name of the publisher/Edition and Year)
Text Books:
1. Ralph P. Grimaldi, B V Ramana: “Discrete Mathematical Structures an Applied
Introduction”, 5th Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.
2. Ralph P. Grimaldi: “Discrete and Combinatorial Mathematics”, 5th Edition, Pearson
Education. 2004.
Reference Books:
1. Basavaraj S Anami and Venakanna S Madalli: “Discrete Mathematics – A Concept-
based approach”, Universities Press, 2016
2. Kenneth H. Rosen: “Discrete Mathematics and its Applications”, 6th Edition, McGraw
Hill, 2007.
3. Jayant Ganguly: “A Treatise on Discrete Mathematical Structures”, Sanguine-
Pearson, 2010.
4. D.S. Malik and M.K. Sen: “Discrete Mathematical Structures Theory and
Applications, Latest Edition, Thomson, 2004.
5. Thomas Koshy: “Discrete Mathematics with Applications”, Elsevier, 2005, Reprint
2008.
Web links and Video Lectures (e-Resources):
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• http://nptel.ac.in/courses.php?disciplineID=111
• http://www.class-central.com/subject/math(MOOCs)
• http://academicearth.org/
• VTU e-Shikshana Program
• VTU EDUSAT Program.
• http://www.themathpage.com/
• http://www.abstractmath.org/
• http://www.ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
Activity-Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/Practical-Based Learning
• Quizzes
• Assignments
• Seminar
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GRAPH THEORY Semester IV
Course Code BCS405B CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P: S) 2:2:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 03
Examination type (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
● Understand the basic concepts of graphs and their properties, and operations of graphs.
● Hamiltonian and Euler graphs, trees and matrix representation of the graph.
● Apply the concepts of a planar graph, matching and colouring in computer science
engineering.
Teaching-Learning Process
Pedagogy (General Instructions):
These are sample Strategies, teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various course
outcomes.
1. In addition to the traditional lecture method, different types of innovative teaching methods
may be adopted so that the delivered lessons shall develop students’ theoretical and applied
Mathematical skills.
2. State the need for Mathematics with Engineering Studies and Provide real-life examples.
3. Support and guide the students for self–study.
4. You will assign homework, grading assignments and quizzes, and documenting students'
progress.
5. Encourage the students to group learning to improve their creative and analytical skills.
6. Show short related video lectures in the following ways:
● As an introduction to new topics (pre-lecture activity).
● As a revision of topics (post-lecture activity).
● As additional examples (post-lecture activity).
● As an additional material of challenging topics (pre-and post-lecture activity).
● As a model solution for some exercises (post-lecture activity).
Module-1
Introduction to Graphs: Introduction- Basic definition – Application of graphs – finite, infinite
and bipartite graphs – Incidence and Degree – Isolated vertex, pendant vertex and Null graph.
Paths and circuits – Isomorphism, sub-graphs, walks, paths and circuits, connected graphs,
disconnected graphs and components. (8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Teaching-Learning Chalk and talk method / PowerPoint Presentation
Process
Module-2
Eulerian and Hamiltonian graphs: Euler graphs, Operations on graphs, Hamiltonian paths and
circuits, Travelling salesman problem. Directed graphs – types of digraphs, Digraphs and binary
relation. (8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Teaching-Learning Process Chalk and talk method / PowerPoint Presentation
Module-3
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Trees – properties, pendant vertex, Distance and centres in a tree - Rooted and binary trees,
counting trees, spanning trees.
Connectivity Graphs: Vertex Connectivity, Edge Connectivity, Cut set and Cut Vertices,
Fundamental circuits. (8
hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Teaching-Learning Chalk and talk method / PowerPoint Presentation
Process
Module-4
Planar Graphs: Planar graphs, Kuratowski’s theorem (proof not required), Different
representations of planar graphs, Euler's theorem, Geometric dual.
Graph Representations: Matrix representation of graphs-Adjacency matrix, Incidence Matrix,
Circuit Matrix, Path Matrix. (8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Teaching-Learning Chalk and talk method / PowerPoint Presentation
Process
Module-5:
Graph Colouring: Colouring- Chromatic number, Chromatic polynomial, Matchings,
Coverings, Four colour problem and Five colour problem. Greedy colouring algorithm.
(8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Teaching-Learning Process Chalk and talk method / PowerPoint Presentation
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Explain the fundamental concepts of properties and representation of graphs.
2. Solve the problems involving characterization and operations on graphs.
3. Apply concepts of trees and graph connectivity to solve real world problems.
4. Apply the concepts of planar graph and graph representations to solve the given problem.
5. Use the concepts of matching and coloring of graphs to solve the real world problems.
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam
(SEE) is 50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks
out of 50) and for the SEE, the minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of
50 marks). The student is declared as a pass in the course if he/she secures a minimum of 40%
(40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE
(Semester End Examination) taken together.
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Continuous Internal Evaluation:
● There are 25 marks for the CIE's Assignment component and 25 for the Internal
Assessment Test component.
● Each test shall be conducted for 25 marks. The first test will be administered after 40-
50% of the coverage of the syllabus, and the second test will be administered after 85-
90% of the coverage of the syllabus. The average of the two tests shall be scaled down to
25 marks
● Any two assignment methods mentioned in the 22OB2.4, if an assignment is project-
based then only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The schedule for
assignments shall be planned properly by the course teacher. The teacher should not
conduct two assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned. Each
assignment shall be conducted for 25 marks. (If two assignments are conducted then the
sum of the two assignments shall be scaled down to 25 marks)
The final CIE marks of the course out of 50 will be the sum of the scale-down marks of tests and
assignment/s marks.
Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of
Bloom’s taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.
Semester-End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by the University as per the scheduled timetable, with common
question papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module
(with a maximum of 3 sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Books (Name of the author/Title of the Book/Name of the publisher/Edition and Year)
Text Books:
1. Narsingh Deo, Graph theory with the applications to engineering & Computer Science,
Dovers Publications, 2016
2. J.A. Bondy and U.S.R. Murty. Graph theory with Applications, Springer, 1st edition,
2008.
Reference Books:
1. Garry Chartand and Ping Zhang, Introduction to Graph Theory, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2006.
2. Frank Harary, Graph Theory, Narosa Publishing House, Latest edition.
3. R. Diestel, Graph Theory, free online edition, 2016: diestel-graph-theory.com/basic.html.
4. Douglas B. West, Introduction to Graph Theory, Prentice Hall India Ltd.,2001
5. Robin J. Wilson, Introduction to Graph Theory, Longman Group Ltd.,2010
Web links and Video Lectures (e-Resources):
• http://nptel.ac.in/courses.php?disciplineID=111
• http://www.class-central.com/subject/math(MOOCs)
• http://academicearth.org/
• VTU e-Shikshana Program
• VTU EDUSAT Program.
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Activity-Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/Practical-Based Learning
• Quizzes
• Assignments
• Seminar
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OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE Semester IV
Course Code BCS405C CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P: S) 2:2:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 03
Examination type (SEE) Theory
Course objectives: The objectives of the course are to fecilitate the learners to:
• Appreciate the importance of linear algebra in computer science and allied
engineering science.
• Gain the knowledge of linear algebra tools and concepts to implememt them in their
core domain.
• Improve their mathematical thinking and acquire skills required for sustained lifelong
learning.
Teaching-Learning Process
Pedagogy (General Instructions):
These are sample Strategies, teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various course
outcomes.
1. In addition to the traditional lecture method, different types of innovative teaching methods
may be adopted so that the delivered lessons shall develop students’ theoretical and applied
Mathematical skills.
2. State the need for Mathematics with Engineering Studies and Provide real-life examples.
3. Support and guide the students for self–study.
4. You will assign homework, grading assignments and quizzes, and documenting students'
progress.
5. Encourage the students to group learning to improve their creative and analytical skills.
6. Show short related video lectures in the following ways:
● As an introduction to new topics (pre-lecture activity).
● As a revision of topics (post-lecture activity).
● As additional examples (post-lecture activity).
● As an additional material of challenging topics (pre-and post-lecture activity).
● As a model solution of some exercises (post-lecture activity).
Module-1: VECTOR CALCULUS
Functions of several variables, Differentiation and partial differentials, gradients of vector-
valued functions, gradients of matrices, useful identities for computing gradients, linearization
and multivariate Taylor series. (8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Module-2: APPLICATIONS OF VECTOR CALCULUS
Backpropagation and automatic differentiation, gradients in a deep network, The Gradient of
Quadratic Cost, Descending the Gradient of Cost, The Gradient of Mean Squared Error.
(8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Module-3: Convex Optimization-1
Local and global optima, convex sets and functions separating hyperplanes, application of
Hessian matrix in optimization, Optimization using gradient descent, Sequential search 3-point
search and Fibonacci search.
(8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Module-4: Convex Optimization-2
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Unconstrained optimization -Method of steepest ascent/descent, NR method, Gradient descent,
Mini batch gradient descent, Stochastic gradient descent. (8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Module-5: Advanced Optimization
Momentum-based gradient descent methods: Adagrad, RMSprop and Adam.
Non-Convex Optimization: Convergence to Critical Points, Saddle-Point methods.
(8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
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Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of
Bloom’s taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.
Semester-End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the scheduled timetable, with common
question papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module
(with a maximum of 3 sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each module.
Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks..
Suggested Learning Resources:
Books (Name of the author/Title of the Book/Name of the publisher/Edition and Year)
Text Books:
1. Mathematics for Machine learning, Marc Peter Deisennroth, A. Aldo Faisal, Cheng
Soon Ong, 2020, Cambridge University Press.
2. S. Bubeck, Convex Optimization: Algorithms and Complexity, Foundations and Trends
in Optimization, 2015.
3. S. Boyd, N. Parikh, and E. Chu,“ Distributed optimization and statistical learning via the
alternating direction method of multipliers”, Foundations and Trends in Machine
Learning, Now Publishers Inc.
Reference Books:
1. Linear Algebra and Optimization for Machine Learning, Charu C. Aggarwal, Springer,
2020.
2. A. Beck, First-Order Methods in Optimization, MOS-SIAM Series on Optimization,
2017.
3. F. Bach, “Learning with Submodular Functions: A Convex Optimization Perspective”,
Foundations and Trends in Machine Learning, Now Publishers Inc.
Web links and Video Lectures (e-Resources):
• https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-06sc-linear-algebra-fall-2011/index.htm
• https://www.math.ucdavis.edu/~linear/linear.pdf
• https://www.coursera.org/learn/linear-algebra-machine-learning
• https://nptel.ac.in/syllabus/111106051/
• https://github.com/epfml/OptML_course
• https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4O4bXkI-fAeYrsBqTUYn2xMjJAqlFQzX
Activity-Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/Practical-Based Learning
• Quizzes
• Assignments
• Seminar
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LINEAR ALGEBRA Semester IV
Course Code BCS405D CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P: S) 2:2:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 40 Total Marks 100
Credits 03 Exam Hours 03
Examination type (SEE) Theory
Course objectives:
● To equip the students with standard concepts and tools in Linear algebra which will
find them useful in their disciplines.
● Gain the knowledge of linear algebra tools and concepts to implement them in their
core domain.
● Improve their mathematical thinking and acquire skills required for sustained lifelong
learning.
Teaching-Learning Process
Pedagogy (General Instructions):
These are sample Strategies, teachers can use to accelerate the attainment of the various course
outcomes.
1. In addition to the traditional lecture method, different types of innovative teaching methods
may be adopted so that the delivered lessons shall develop students’ theoretical and applied
Mathematical skills.
2. State the need for Mathematics with Engineering Studies and Provide real-life examples.
3. Support and guide the students for self–study.
4. You will assign homework, grading assignments and quizzes, and documenting students'
progress.
5. Encourage the students to group learning to improve their creative and analytical skills.
6. Show short related video lectures in the following ways:
● As an introduction to new topics (pre-lecture activity).
● As a revision of topics (post-lecture activity).
● As additional examples (post-lecture activity).
● As an additional material of challenging topics (pre-and post-lecture activity).
● As a model solution of some exercises (post-lecture activity).
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Introduction, Polynomials of Matrices, Applications of Cayley-Hamilton Theorem, Eigen
spaces of a linear transformation, Characteristic and Minimal Polynomials of Block Matrices,
Jordan Canonical form. (8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Teaching-Learning Chalk and talk method / PowerPoint Presentation
Process
Module-4: INNER PRODUCT SPACES
Inner products, inner product spaces, length and orthogonality, orthogonal sets and Bases,
projections, Gram-Schmidt process, QR-factorization, least squares problem and least square
error. (8 hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Teaching-Learning Process Chalk and talk method / PowerPoint Presentation
Module-5: OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES IN LINEAR ALGEBRA
Diagonalization and Orthogonal diagonalization of real symmetric matrices, quadratic forms
and its classifications, Hessian Matrix, Method of steepest descent, Singular value
decomposition. Dimensionality reduction – Principal component analysis. (8
hours)
(RBT Levels: L1, L2 and L3)
Teaching-Learning Process Chalk and talk method / PowerPoint Presentation
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Explain the concepts of vector spaces, subspaces, bases, dimension and their properties.
2. Use matrices and linear transformations to solve the given problem.
3. Compute Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors for the linear transformations
4. Determine orthogonality of inner product spaces.
5. Apply the optimization techniques to solve the problems.
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam
(SEE) is 50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20
marks out of 50) and for the SEE, the minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks
(18 out of 50 marks). The student is declared as a pass in the course if he/she secures a
minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of the CIE (Continuous Internal
Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken together.
Continuous Internal Evaluation:
● There are 25 marks for the CIE's Assignment component and 25 for the Internal Assessment
Test component.
Each test shall be conducted for 25 marks. The first test will be administered after 40-50% of
the coverage of the syllabus, and the second test will be administered after 85-90% of the
coverage of the syllabus. The average of the two tests shall be scaled down to 25 marks
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● Any two assignment methods mentioned in the 22OB2.4, if an assignment is project-based
then only one assignment for the course shall be planned. The schedule for assignments
shall be planned properly by the course teacher. The teacher should not conduct two
assignments at the end of the semester if two assignments are planned. Each assignment
shall be conducted for 25 marks. (If two assignments are conducted then the sum of the two
assignments shall be scaled down to 25 marks)
● The final CIE marks of the course out of 50 will be the sum of the scale-down marks of
tests and assignment/s marks.
Internal Assessment Test question paper is designed to attain the different levels of
Bloom’s taxonomy as per the outcome defined for the course.
Semester-End Examination:
Theory SEE will be conducted by the University as per the scheduled timetable, with common
question papers for the course (duration 03 hours).
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module
(with a maximum of 3 sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that module.
3. The students have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from each
module.
Marks scored shall be proportionally reduced to 50 marks.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Books (Name of the author/Title of the Book/Name of the publisher/Edition and Year)
Text Books:
1. David C. Lay, Steven R. Lay, Judi J Mc. Donald: “Linear Algebra and its
applications”, Pearson Education, 6th Edition, 2021.
2. Gilbert Strang: “Linear Algebra and its applications”, Brooks Cole, 4th edition, 2005.
Reference Books:
1. Richard Bronson & Gabriel B. Costa: “Linear Algebra: An Introduction”, 2nd
edition. Academic Press, 2014.
2. Seymour Lipschutz, Marc Lipso: “Theory and problems of linear algebra”,
Schaum’s outline series - 6th edition, 2017, McGraw-Hill Education.
3. Marc Peter Deisennroth, A. Aldo Faisal, Cheng Soon Ong: “Mathematics for
Machine learning”, Cambridge University Press, 2020.
Web links and Video Lectures (e-Resources):
• https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-06sc-linear-algebra-fall-2011/index.htm
• https://www.math.ucdavis.edu/~linear/linear.pdf
• https://www.coursera.org/learn/linear-algebra-machine-learning
• https://nptel.ac.in/syllabus/111106051/
• http://nptel.ac.in/courses.php?disciplineID=111
• http://www.class-central.com/subject/math(MOOCs)
• http://academicearth.org/
• VTU e-Shikshana Program
• VTU EDUSAT Program.
Activity-Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/Practical-Based Learning
• Quizzes
• Assignments
• Seminar
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Green IT and Sustainability Semester 4
Course Code BCS456A CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 1:0:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 14 Total Marks 100
Credits 01 Exam Hours 01
Examination type (SEE) Theory (MCQ)
Course objectives:
Understand challenges for Green ICT and the environmental impact.
Learn different aspects of ICT metrics and Sustainable Cloud Computing.
Explore effects of software design on the sustainability.
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5. Interpret the effects of software design on the sustainability.
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Capacity Planning for IT Semester 4
Course Code BCS456B CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 1:0:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 14 Total Marks 100
Credits 01 Exam Hours 01
Examination type (SEE) Theory (MCQ)
Course objectives:
Understand requirement and measurements for capacity planning, measurement and
monitoring.
Measurement of data for prediction towards planning process.
Understand concepts related to deployment, installation, configuration, and management.
Role of virtualization and cloud services in capacity planning.
Module-3
Measurement: API Usage and Its Effect on Capacity, Examples and Reality.
Predicting Trends: Riding Your Waves.
Module-4
Predicting Trends: Procurement, The Effects of Increasing Capacity, Long-Term Trends, Iteration and
Calibration.
Deployment: Automated Deployment Philosophies, Automated Installation Tools, Automated Configuration.
Module-5
Virtualization and Cloud Computing: Virtualization, Cloud Computing, Computing Resource Evolutions,
Mixed Definitions, Cloud Capacity, Use it or lose it (your wallet),Measuring the clouds, Cloud Case Studies,
Cloud Use Case: Anonymous Desktop Software Company.
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course the student will be able to:
1. Identify the requirement and measurements for capacity planning by considering the goal, issues, and
processes.
2. Explain capacity measurement and monitoring.
3. Make use of measurement data for prediction towards overall planning process.
4. Explain the concepts related to deployment, installation, configuration, and management.
5. Demonstrate how the virtualization and cloud services fit into a capacity plan.
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Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam (SEE) is
50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20 marks out of 50)
and for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18 out of 50 marks). A
student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits allotted
to each subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum
total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken
together.
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UI/UX Semester 4
Course Code BCS456C CIE Marks 50
Teaching Hours/Week (L: T:P: S) 1:0:0:0 SEE Marks 50
Total Hours of Pedagogy 14 Total Marks 100
Credits 01 Exam Hours 01
Examination type (SEE) Theory (MCQ)
Course objectives:
● Understand user experience design requirements, with design goals, metrics and
targets.
● Explore different prototyping methods, UX design principles with case examples.
● Understand the role of design thinking concepts and mental models in UX design.
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Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course the student will be able to:
1. Explain the user experience design requirements.
2. Relate design thinking concepts and mental models to UX design.
3. Illustrate UX design in line with design goals, metrics and targets.
4. Demonstrate different prototyping in relation with software engineering.
5. Explain UX design principles with case examples.
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE)
The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for Semester End Exam
(SEE) is 50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20
marks out of 50) and for the SEE minimum passing mark is 35% of the maximum marks (18
out of 50 marks). A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and
earned the credits allotted to each subject/ course if the student secures a minimum of 40%
(40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of the CIE (Continuous Internal Evaluation) and SEE
(Semester End Examination) taken together.
● https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/ui-ux-design-tutorial-from-zero-to-hero-with-
wireframe-prototype-figma/
● https://www.edureka.co/blog/ui-ux-design-tutorial/
● https://www.udemy.com/course/introtoux/
Activity Based Learning (Suggested Activities in Class)/ Practical Based learning
● UI design demonstrations covering different UX design principles/concepts (specified in the
syllabus) using UI/UX tools like Lunacy, framer, penpot, visily etc.
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TEMPLATE for AEC (if the course is a theory) Annexure-IV
Module-3
Written communication, Business letters and Report writing.
Module-4
Applying the case study method, Presentation skill.
Module-5
Group communication, Appendix I (the case study method – case studies are excluded), Appendix II (Business
Etiquette), Appendix III (Do’s and Don’ts for Job Interviews).
Course outcome (Course Skill Set)
At the end of the course the student will be able to:
1. Explain basic principles and modes of effective communication.
2. Apply the best practices of oral and employment communication in different types of communication.
3. Organize various business letters and reports for effective communication/documentation.
4. Demonstrate the best practices of presentation in group communication.
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TEMPLATE for AEC (if the course is a theory) Annexure-IV
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