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Diseases Associ-WPS Office

Water-related diseases arise from contaminated water, poor sanitation, and inadequate water management, and are categorized into waterborne, water-washed, water-based, vector-borne, chemical contamination, and algal bloom-related diseases. Examples include cholera, malaria, and lead poisoning, each with specific causes and health impacts. Preventive measures such as access to clean water, sanitation improvements, hygiene education, and regular water quality monitoring are crucial to mitigate these health risks.

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23 views6 pages

Diseases Associ-WPS Office

Water-related diseases arise from contaminated water, poor sanitation, and inadequate water management, and are categorized into waterborne, water-washed, water-based, vector-borne, chemical contamination, and algal bloom-related diseases. Examples include cholera, malaria, and lead poisoning, each with specific causes and health impacts. Preventive measures such as access to clean water, sanitation improvements, hygiene education, and regular water quality monitoring are crucial to mitigate these health risks.

Uploaded by

mahawa185
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Diseases Associated with Water

Water-related diseases are illnesses caused by contaminated water, poor sanitation, or inadequate
water management. These diseases can be categorized based on their modes of transmission:

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1. Waterborne Diseases

Cause: Consuming contaminated water with pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites.

Examples:

Cholera: Caused by Vibrio cholerae, leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration.

Typhoid Fever: Caused by Salmonella typhi, resulting in fever, abdominal pain, and weakness.

Hepatitis A: Viral infection causing liver inflammation, jaundice, and nausea.

Dysentery: Caused by Shigella or Entamoeba histolytica, leading to bloody diarrhea.

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2. Water-Washed Diseases

Cause: Inadequate water for personal hygiene, leading to infections.

Examples:

Scabies: A skin infection caused by mites, worsened by poor hygiene.

Trachoma: Bacterial eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, leading to blindness.

Diarrheal Diseases: Caused by poor hygiene and lack of clean water for handwashing.

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3. Water-Based Diseases

Cause: Infections caused by pathogens living in water or transmitted through aquatic organisms.

Examples:

Schistosomiasis: Caused by parasitic worms (Schistosoma) that infect people through contaminated
water.
Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease): Caused by consuming water with infected water fleas.

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4. Water-Related Vector-Borne Diseases

Cause: Transmitted by vectors (like mosquitoes) that breed in water.

Examples:

Malaria: Caused by Plasmodium parasites, transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes.

Dengue Fever: Viral disease spread by Aedes mosquitoes.

Filariasis: Caused by parasitic worms transmitted through mosquito bites.

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5. Chemical Contamination Diseases

Cause: Long-term consumption of water contaminated with chemicals.

Examples:

Fluorosis: Caused by excessive fluoride, leading to dental and skeletal damage.

Arsenicosis: Caused by arsenic contamination, leading to skin lesions and cancer.

Lead Poisoning: Causes neurological and developmental issues.

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6. Algal Bloom-Related Diseases

Cause: Exposure to water contaminated with harmful algal toxins.

Examples:

Cyanobacterial Poisoning: Can cause liver damage, skin irritation, and gastrointestinal problems.
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Prevention and Control Measures

1. Access to Clean Water: Provide safe drinking water through filtration and treatment.

2. Sanitation: Improve waste disposal and reduce contamination of water sources.

3. Hygiene Education: Promote handwashing and proper sanitation practices.

4. Water Treatment: Use chlorination, boiling, or UV purification to eliminate pathogens.

5. Control of Vectors: Eliminate stagnant water to reduce mosquito breeding.

6. Monitoring: Regularly test water quality for pathogens and chemical contaminants.
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Conclusion

Water-related diseases are a major public health concern, particularly in regions with inadequate water
and sanitation facilities. Preventive measures, effective water management, and education are essential
to reduce the prevalence of these diseases and improve community health.

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