Experiment No 2- Configuration and Analysis of Network Devices (Repeater, Hub, Switch, Router)

Using Cisco Packet Tracer

1. Aim/Purpose of the Experiment- To simulate, configure, and analyze the functionality of basic
network devices (Repeater, Hub, Switch, Router) using Cisco Packet Tracer.

2. Learning Outcomes
• Understand the working principles of different network devices.
• Differentiate between various network devices in terms of their operation and use cases.
• Develop skills to configure and analyze network devices in a simulation environment
using Cisco Packet Tracer.

3. Prerequisites
• Basic understanding of networking concepts (e.g., LAN, WAN, network layers).
• Familiarity with Cisco Packet Tracer software.

4. Materials/Equipment/Apparatus / Devices/Software required

• Cisco Packet Tracer software (latest version)
• PC/Laptop with a stable operating system

5. Introduction and Theory

Network devices such as repeaters, hubs, switches, routers, and gateways serve different purposes
in a computer network. This experiment will cover the following devices:

Repeater: Amplifies the signal to extend the network range.

Hub: Broadcasts data to all connected devices but does not filter traffic.
Switch: Forwards data based on MAC addresses and improves network efficiency.
Router: Directs data packets between different networks, operating at Layer 3 (Network layer).

6. Operating Procedure

Setting up the Repeater:

• Drag and drop a repeater onto the Cisco Packet Tracer workspace.
• Connect two PCs to the repeater using copper straight-through cables.
• Configure the IP addresses of the PCs.
• Test connectivity using the ping command.

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Setting up the Hub:

• Drag and drop a hub onto the workspace.

• Connect three PCs to the hub.
• Assign unique IP addresses to the PCs.
• Analyze the broadcast behavior of the hub by using packet tracing.

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 Setting up the Switch:

• Add a switch to the workspace.

• Connect four PCs to the switch.
• Configure the IP addresses of the PCs.
• Test data flow using packet tracing and compare with hub behavior.

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Setting up the Router:

• Place a router on the workspace.

• Connect two different network segments (PCs connected to switches) to different router
interfaces.
• Configure router interfaces with IP addresses and subnet masks.
• Enable routing by configuring static routes if necessary.
• Test the network by pinging devices across the router.

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7. Precautions and/or Troubleshooting

• Ensure that all devices are correctly connected and powered on in Packet Tracer.
• Double-check IP configurations for each network device and PC.
• For router configurations, ensure correct routing protocols or static routes are applied.

8. Observations

Insert related Figure of hub, switch, router here in the

lab copy

9. Result & Interpretation

• Repeater extends the network but does not filter data.

• Hub broadcasts data to all connected devices, leading to collisions in large networks.
• Switches forward data only to the intended device based on MAC addresses.

Routers direct data between different networks and support traffic management.
Experiment No 3

Aim/Purpose of the Experiment

To design and configure a Local Area Network (LAN) using Cisco Packet Tracer and verify connectivity
between devices.

Learning Outcomes

Understanding the basic concepts of LAN topology and design.

Configuring switches, routers, and end devices.

Implementing connectivity verification using ping commands.

Troubleshooting network connectivity issues.

Prerequisites

Basic knowledge of computer networks.

Familiarity with Cisco Packet Tracer software.

Understanding of IP addressing and subnetting.

Materials/Equipment/Apparatus / Devices/Software required

Cisco Packet Tracer software, One (1) Router, Two (2) Switches, Six (6) PCs, Ethernet cables

Introduction and Theory

A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as
an office, school, or building. It enables communication and resource sharing between connected
devices. Switches are used to connect multiple devices within the same network, while routers
enable communication between different networks.

In this experiment, a LAN is designed using two switches connected to a router, with multiple PCs
connected to each switch. The configuration involves assigning IP addresses to the devices and
testing connectivity.

Operating Procedure

1. Network Design:

Open Cisco Packet Tracer.

Drag and place a Router (e.g., 2811), two Switches (e.g., 2960), and six PCs onto the workspace.

Connect the devices using appropriate cables:

Use straightthrough cables to connect PCs to switches.

Use a crossover cable to connect switches to the router.

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2. IP Addressing and Configuration:

Assign the following IP addresses:

Router interface (FastEthernet 0/0): 192.168.1.1/24

Router interface (FastEthernet 0/1): 192.168.2.1/24

PC1, PC2, PC3 (connected to Switch 1): 192.168.1.2, 192.168.1.3, 192.168.1.4

PC4, PC5, PC6 (connected to Switch 2): 192.168.2.2, 192.168.2.3, 192.168.2.4

Configure IP addresses on each PC using the Desktop > IP Configuration tab in Packet Tracer.

Set the default gateway for PCs connected to Switch 1 as 192.168.1.1 and for those connected to
Switch 2 as 192.168.2.1.

3. Router Configuration:

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4. Testing and Verification:

Use the ping command from one PC to another to test connectivity.

Open the command prompt on any PC and execute `ping 192.168.1.2` (or another PC’s IP) to verify
communication.

Precautions and/or Troubleshooting

Ensure correct cable types are used (straightthrough for PCSwitch, crossover for SwitchRouter).

Check IP configurations for errors.

Verify interfaces are enabled (`no shutdown` command).

Use `show ip interface brief` on the router to check interface status.

Observations

Successful ping responses indicate correct configuration.

Failure in connectivity suggests misconfigurations or connection issues.

Calculations & Analysis

Analyze the Round Trip Time (RTT) of ping responses.

Verify subnetting calculations to ensure proper network division.

Result & Interpretation

The designed LAN successfully establishes communication between connected devices. The router
enables internetwork communication between different subnets.