IMPORTANT DERIVATIONS: CLASS-XI : PHYSICS

1 The frequency of vibration of a string depends of on, (i) tension in the string (T) (ii) mass
per unit length of string (µ), (iii) vibrating length of the string (L). Establish dimensionally
the relation for frequency
2 Derive the following equations of motion for an object moving with constant acceleration
along a straight line using graphical method
(i) velocity time relation (v = u + at)
(ii) Position time relation (s = ut + ½ a t2
(iii) velocity-displacement relation (v2 = u2 + 2as)
where symbols have usual meanings.
3 A projectile is fired horizontally with a velocity u. Show that its trajectory is a parabola.
Also obtain expression for (i) time of flight (ii) horizontal range (iii) velocity at any instant.
4 Define centripetal acceleration. Derive an expression for the centripetal acceleration of a
particle moving with constant speed v along a circular path of radius r.
5 Sate parallelogram law of vector addition. Obtain the expression for the magnitude and
direction of resultant of two vectors acting at a point making an angle Ө with each other.
If two forces are acting at a point such that the magnitude of each force is 2N and the
magnitude of their resultant is also 2N, then find the angle between the two forces.
6 Why circular roads are banked ? Derive an expression for angle of banking for safe
circular turn. Consider that coefficient of friction between the tyre and road is µ.
7 Obtain an expression for minimum velocity of projection of a body at the lowest point for
looping a vertical loop.
8 Define spring constant. Derive the relation for the P.E. stored in the spring when it is
elongated by X. Draw the graphs to show the variation of P.E. and force with elongation.
9 How does a perfectly inelastic collision differ from perfectly elastic collision ? Two
particles of mass m1 and m2 having velocities u1 and u2 respectively make a head on
collision. Derive the relation for their final velocities. Discuss the following special cases.
(i) m1 = m2 (ii) m1 >> m2 and u2 = 0 (iii) m1 << m2 and u1 = 0
10 State and prove work energy theorem for (i) constant force (ii) for variable force.
11 Prove that the rate of change of angular momentum of a system of particles about a
reference point is equal to the net torque acting on the system.
12 Establish the relation between torque and angular acceleration. Hence define moment of
inertia.
13 What is acceleration due to gravity ? Obtain relations to show how the value of ‘g’
changes with (i) altitude, (ii) depth
14 Define escape velocity obtain an expression for escape velocity of a body from the
surface of earth ? Does the escape velocity depend on (i) location from where it is
projected (ii) the height of the location from where the body is launched.
15 Derive expression for the orbital velocity of a satellite and its time period. What is a
geostationary satellite. Obtain the expression for the height of the geostationary satellite.
16 What do you mean by gravitational potential energy of a body ? Obtain an expression for
it for a body of mass m lying at distance r from the centre of the earth.
17 State Hooke’s law. Plot stress- strain curve for a metal. Prove that the elastic potential
energy per unit volume is equal to ½ x stress × strain.
18 Define surface tension and surface energy. Show that surface energy is numerically equal
to the surface tension.
19 Obtain an expression for the velocity of fluid through a orifice in a closed tank. Hence
prove Torricelli’s theorem for velocity of efflux.
20 Define Capillarity and angle of contact. Derive an expression for the ascent of a liquid in a
capillary tube.
21 (a) State and prove Bernoullis theorem. Give its limitation.
(b) Explain the dynamic lift of an aerofoil.
22 Define terminal velocity. Obtain an expression for terminal velocity of a sphere falling
through a viscous liquid. Use the formula to explain the observed rise of air bubbles in a
liquid.
23 What is an isothermal process ? Derive an expression for work done during an isothermal
process.
24 Define adiabatic process. Derive an expression for work done during adiabatic process.
25 State first law of thermodynamics. On its basis establish the relation between two molar
specific heat for a gas.
26 What are the basic assumptions of kinetic theory of gases ? On their basis derive an
expression for the pressure exerted by an ideal gas.
27 What is law of equipartition of energy ? Find the value C p ,Cv and γ for monatomic
and diatomic gas. Where symbol have usual meaning.
28 Derive an expression for the time period of the horizontal oscillations of a massless
loaded spring.
29 Show that for small oscillations the motion of a simple pendulum is simple harmonic.
Derive an expression for its time period.
30 Deduce the expression for the (i) displacement (ii) velocity and (iii) acceleration of a
particle executing S.H.M.
31 What are standing waves? Desire and expression for the standing waves. Find the
position of nodes and antinodes in standing wave. Obtain the expression for the
fundamental frequency in stretched wire.
32 Derive an expression for the kinetic and potential energies of a simple harmonic
oscillator. Draw the graph to show the variation of kinetic energy and potential energy as
a function of displacement.
33 What are beats? Explain the formation of beats by graphical method. Prove that the beat
frequency is equal to the difference in frequencies of the two superposing waves.
34 Discus the first two modes of vibration in (i) close organ pipe (ii) open organ pipe.

********