CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(8): 20-23, August
2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-08-06
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
Accepted 22thAugust, 2021 & Published 27thAugust, 2021
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF SPOKEN AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE
Umida Kulmagambetovna Khodjaniyazova
Postgraduate Student, Nukus State Pedagogical Institute, Republic Uzbekistan
ABSTRACT
This article deals with linguistic and pragma linguistic view of speaking and writing competence, and
explores the similarities and differences between them. The definition of a “linguistic personality” as a key
factor in product creation is discussed. Moreover, the article provides the examples that show the difference
between written and spoken language in the field of syntax.
KEYWORDS: - Written language, spoken language, psychophysiological process, linguistic, pragma linguistic,
linguistic personality.
the Continuing Education System of the Republic
INTRODUCTION of Uzbekistan, the content of written competence
for graduates of primary (1-4) grades is level A1
It is no coincidence that in our country from the
2013-2014 academic year, foreign languages are At the next levels ( A2 for graduates of the 9th
studied at all stages of continuing education, grade, B1 for college/lyceum graduates, B2 for
starting from grade 1. Foreign language learning Bachelor graduates of non-linguistic faculties of
is a priority in the Republic of Uzbekistan, higher education and C1 for graduates of
striving for the commonwealth and cooperation language faculties of higher educations),
with foreign partners, which was defined in the students' writing skills gradually become more
Message to the Oliy Majlis of the President of the complicated and at the same time their
Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Miromonovich vocabulary is enriched, and of course the amount
Mirziyoyev dated December 22, 2017: “We will of topics and information for communication
continue to give priority to the in-depth study of expands.
English and other foreign languages. At the same The main goal of teaching a foreign language at
time, we will establish extensive work on all steps of education in the Republic of
training and professional staff development in Uzbekistan is the development of a foreign
specialties that is in demand in our country language communicative competence of students
”[Message ..., 2017, p. 2]. for functioning in a multicultural world in
According to the requirements of the State everyday, scientific and professional spheres.
Educational Standard for Foreign Languages of But in order to be a good and effective
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICSISSN
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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(8): 20-23, August
2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-08-06
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
Accepted 22thAugust, 2021 & Published 27thAugust, 2021
communicator and to develop a foreign language information, impact, expression of emotions and
communicative competence, all four basic feelings, creation of works of art, etc.
language skills (listening, reading, speaking and The key factor in the creation of works of both
writing) must be developed. Among these basic oral and written language is the linguistic
types, writing is the least meaningful in theory. personality. Note that the concept of "linguistic
However, it should be pointed that one of the personality" is used in many areas of
important components of teaching English at humanitarian knowledge (linguistics, cultural
educational institutions of the Republic of studies, linguodidactics, etc.), characterized by a
Karakalpakstan is the development of foreign wide variability of interpretations.
language written competence.
Of all this variety, we are close to the definition
Written language is the most complex type of that was proposed by G.I. Bogin: “The central
speech, which is due to the presence of a whole concept of linguodidactics is a linguistic
range of skills and abilities and includes writing personality - a person analyzed from the point of
techniques (graphics, spelling, calligraphy) and view of his readiness to perform speech acts.
the creation of a speech product - written text. <...> A linguistic person is the one who
appropriates the language, that is, the one for
When referring to the writing technique, then whom language is speech. A linguistic person is
this is a complex psychophysiological process, in characterized not so much by what he knows
which auditory, speech-motor, visual-graphic, about the language as by what he can do with the
motor analyzers are involved. language ”[Bogin, 1980, p. 3].
To the same extent, we are impressed by the
definition proposed by the culturologist E.V.
Additionally, writing is closely related to all other Barsukova: “A linguistic personality is a
types of speech activity. The process of multidimensional, multilevel functional system
generating written language is implicitly that gives an idea of the degree of language and
accompanied by the processes of reading, speech proficiency by an individual at the level of
pronouncing "to oneself" of the written text. active and creative comprehension of reality” (E.
Sometimes writing is preceded or accompanied V. Barsukova, 2007, p. 5].
by listening. This implies a number of proper Based on these definitions, we can say that a
linguistic and pragma linguistic similarities and linguistic personality is an accent of speech, and
differences between spoken and written to the extent that the given language is familiar
language. We need to compare them in order to to it.
develop a more consistent understanding of the
nature of such phenomenon as written language. In terms of the degree of penetration into various
spheres of the life of the individual and society
Accordingly, there are both similarities and (the sphere of everyday relations, science,
differences between spoken and written religion, production, management, education,
language. The similarity we have noted is a jurisprudence, art, in the media, etc.), spoken and
consequence of the identity of their nature: both written languages are generally the same,
oral and written languages are the although they are represented in them in
implementation of the literary language as a various proportions.
system of signs intended for communication,
collection, storage and transmission of For instance, in the sphere of everyday
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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(8): 20-23, August
2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-08-06
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
Accepted 22thAugust, 2021 & Published 27thAugust, 2021
communication, spoken language dominates (in • Been here long? (Have you ...) - Yes, two hours
terms of quantitative characteristics), while already.
written language is presented here sporadically. • You actually leaving tomorrow? (Are you ...)
On the contrary, the language of fiction arises in
the form of written language, which only then
can acquire a spoken form. However, be that as 2) tends to the so-called typed constructions,
it may, any work of speech, regardless of genre which in English colloquial speech include cases
and stylistic coloring, can be presented both in of missing a personal pronoun and an auxiliary
spoken or written form. Finally, both forms can verb, for example:
equally serve as indicators of the general culture
• See you tomorrow. (I shall ...)
of a particular linguistic personality and the level
of its intellectual and spiritual development. • Hope I didn’t disturb you? (I ...)
The following can be said regarding the
differences between spoken and written 3) gravitates towards the active use of words-
languages. Firstly, there are differences between sentences, for example:
spoken and written languages in the means of
material expression and in relation to time and • Are you fond of skating? - Very.
space. If spoken language unfolds in time as a • Is that clear? - Quite.
series of linearly located sound complexes
• Silence!
endowed with meaning, then written language
unfolds in space as a series of equally meaningful In contrast, the syntax of writing is much more
and linearly located graphic complexes. complex. Moreover, it can be argued without any
stretch that the accumulation of almost all the
Thus, written language is relatively independent
richness of the syntax of the literary language
of the moment of speech, since once recorded, it
was possible solely thanks to written language.
becomes, as it were, timeless. Of course, this
This is due to the above-mentioned
phenomenon has more culturological
thoughtfulness and greater preparedness of
significance rather than linguistic, but it cannot
written statements. In addition, written
but affect the essential properties of written
language, in contrast to spoken language, is
language: it is characterized, in comparison with
characterized by independence from the
spoken language, by greater preparedness to
physiological processes of human respiration,
(thoughtfulness) and more consistent and
which removes many of the quantitative
conscious adherence to literary norms.
restrictions from it.
Another consequence of this is that there are a
To what has been said, it should be added that
number of syntax differences. The syntax of
written language is almost always a creative
spoken language avoids complex syntactic
process that requires significant intellectual
constructions consisting of three or more
effort, tension of imagination, abstract thinking,
predicative parts.
etc. Written text, regardless of its quality, is
At the same time, it: perceived by the writer as the result of the
1) tends to ellipsis (i.e. various incomplete realization of his creative potential, as something
syntactic constructions, such as interrogative that largely reflects the personality of the author.
sentences without a subject) for example: All this greatly complicates the process of
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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(8): 20-23, August
2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-08-06
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
Accepted 22thAugust, 2021 & Published 27thAugust, 2021
acquiring the skill of writing and not only makes (2020). Expression Of Lacunas In
it a derivative function of other types of roaring Comparative Study Of Kinship Terms In
activity, but also translates writing from among Chinese And Uzbek Languages. Solid State
speech acts into the category of acts of Technology, 63(6), 4974-4985.
psychological, and finally, acts of culture. 7. Rasuljanovna, I. N. (2019). THE
Admittedly, this circumstance imposes certain PHENOMENON OF LACUNARITY AS THE
obligations on the teacher, whose task is to LINGUACULTURAL ISSUE. PROSPECTS OF
develop students’ both the writing technique and WORLD SCIENCE-2019, 226.
some creative abilities.
8. Parhadjanovna, S. S. (2020). English and
Therefore, work on the developing of writing uzbek meat idioms reflected by culture and
skills should be carried out both with the aim of history. ACADEMICIA: An International
studying the norms of written language, and Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 10(5),
taking into account the structural and 832-836.
psychological characteristics of writing as a
productive type of speech activity.
REFERENCES
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