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4.DOORS

The document provides an overview of doors, defining them as openings in walls for access, and detailing their components: the frame and shutter. It categorizes doors into types such as swing doors (panelled and flush), revolving doors, sliding doors, and rolling steel shutters, explaining their construction and applications. Key construction details and materials for each type are also highlighted, emphasizing design considerations and functionality.

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10 views3 pages

4.DOORS

The document provides an overview of doors, defining them as openings in walls for access, and detailing their components: the frame and shutter. It categorizes doors into types such as swing doors (panelled and flush), revolving doors, sliding doors, and rolling steel shutters, explaining their construction and applications. Key construction details and materials for each type are also highlighted, emphasizing design considerations and functionality.

Uploaded by

dhawdesanika2305
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DOORS

A door may be defined as an opening left in a wall for the purpose of providing access to the
users of the structures. It basically consists of two parts 1) A frame 2) Shutter (leaf)

Door frame is made up of two vertical members known as jambs or posts and a horizontal
member connecting the jambs at top is called head.

TYPES OF DOORS

SWING DOORS – 1) Panelled door 2) Flush door

Panelled doors – This door consists timber frame work of stiles and rails which are grooved on
the inside to receive one or more panels. The doors are made in several designs to suit the
functional as well as architectural requirements. The panels may be of timber, plywood, block
board or hard board.

While designing a panelled door the following are the important constructional details

i. The stiles are continuous from bottom to top.


ii. Different rails, i.e., top rail, bottom rail, lock rail & frieze rail are jointed to the stiles.
iii. Mullions or muntins, if any, are jointed to the rails.
iv. Bottom and lock rails are of bigger size than the top & frieze rails.
v. The lock rail is so placed that its Centre line is at height of 800 mm. from the bottom of the
shutter.
vi. The stiles & rails are mortised and tenoned.
vii. In case, the panel inserts are of timber, the minimum width and thickness of timber panel
should not be less than 150 mm x 15mm. The maximum area of a single panel in timber
should not be more than 0.5 m & in case of plywood panels 12mm, 9mm thick panels can
also be used.

Flush doors – With the large scale production of plywood and face veneers, use of flush doors
has become very popular these days. Flush doors have pleasing appearance, simple
construction, high strength and durability and cost less as compared with paneled doors. These
doors consists of a solid or semi- solid framed skeleton ( core ) covered on both faces with
either plywood or a combination of cross bands and face veneers giving perfectly joint less
surface. Flush doors are manufactured in standard thickness of 30, 35 and 40 mm.

Solid core type flush door- In this type, the wooden frame used for holding the core consists of
stiles, top rail and bottom rail, width of each member being not less than 5 cm. The frame is
made out of selected species of timber. Where it is not possible to use same species of timber
for the frame, it is necessary to provide hard wood lipping around the frame to achieve
required strength and durability. The width of the lipping should be equal to the thickness of
the core and its depth should not be less than 25 mm. The laminated core consists of wooden
strips of width not more than 25 mm, glued under pressure. Plywood sheets are glued under
pressure to the assembly of core housed in the frame on the both faces. Instead plywood
sheets, separate cross bands and face veneers can also be used.

Revolving doors- This type of doors provide entrance on one side and exit on the other
simultaneously keeping the opening automatically closed when not in use. The door consists of
four leaves radially attached to a centrally placed mullion in a circular opening. The central
member is provided with ball- bearing at the bottom and bush bearing at the top so as to
enable the door to revolve smoothly without producing jerks. The leaves and the mullion are
enclosed in a vestibule. The attached leaves may be glazed, paneled or partly glazed and partly
paneled. Such doors are commonly provided in the hotels, banks, offices and other such
important public buildings at main door to control the movement and to avoid the losses of air
conditioned air.

Sliding doors – This type of door is considered suitable to create bigger opening size and for
places where use of hinges for fixing the shutter is to be avoided. Depending upon the size of
the opening, and the space available on either side, the door have single, double or number of
leaves or shutters. The door is provided with top and bottom guide rails or runners within
which the shutters slide. The guide rails run past the opening for a distance equal to the width
of the shutter so that when the door is required to be opened, the door shutter occupies a new
position parallel to the wall face and clear off the opening. The shutters are also provided with
locking arrangements, handles, stopper etc.

Rolling steel shutter & rolling grills- These doors are commonly used for show windows, stores,
shop fronts and godown etc. The shutter consists of thin steel slabs ( also known as laths) about
1.25 mm. thick interlocked to each other and coiled upon specially designed pipe shaft (also
known as drum) mounted at the top of the opening. The door shutter travels in two vertical
steel guide channels installed at either end of the opening. The guide channels are made out of
mild steel sheets and are deep enough to accommodate and keep the shutter in position. The
shutter is counter balanced by means of helical spring enclosed in the drum and a hood of steel
protects the drum, spring etc. from the weather.

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