GROUP 2:
COMPUTERS IN OUR DAILY LIFE (Overview)
- Computers is an electronic machines that is working in taking in data,
storing it , then produce results.
KEYTERMS:
AI – Artificial Intelligence
ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ATM - Aynchronous transfer mode
CAN - Campus area network C
PU - Central processing unit
GAN - Global area network
HDMI - High- definition Multimedia Interface
IoT - Internet of things
LAN - Local area network
MAN - Metropolitan area network
OS- Operating System
PAN - Personal area network
RPA - Robotic process automation
WAN - Wide area network
KEYTERMS:
ADDRESS BUS - is used by the CPU to specify a d dress for instructions, files , and
other devices within
the computer system.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE- consists of programs thar designed to perform specific
tasks for users.
ASCII code - is a standard that assigns letters, numbers, and other characters within 2
5 6 slots available in t h e 8 - bit code.
BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM - is a method of representing numbers with 2 as its base
and uses only the digit s 0 and 1; each successive digit represents a power of 2.
BLUETOOTH - uses radio waves to connect to it her devices, the connection via blue
tooth is called Pairing.
CPU - is the brains of the computer in which most calculations take place.
KEYTERMS:
COMPUTER SOFTWARE - is a combination of instruction, data, and programs that a
comput e r n e e d s in order to do a specific task.
CONTROL BUS - Is used by CPU’S to communicate withthe other devices.
DATA BUS - can transfer data to and from memory of acomputer.
DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM- consists of ten digits from0 to 9.
E-LEARNING - involves the use of a computer or electronic device in delivering
instructions to students. E-COMMERCE- helps in boosting the economy.
ETHERNET CABLE- transmit signals, between a computer and a network device such
as router. FIREWIRE- is a type of connector that can transmit datato and from devices
which have typical high data rates.
KEYTERMS:
HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM- includes a subscript of 1 6 or in most cases.
HDMI - is a connector for transmitting audio/video data with compatible with computer.
INTERNET OF THINGS- is the network of physical objects or things. LAN- refers to a
group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line
or wireless link to a server.
MACHINE LANGUAGE- is the only language a computer is capable of understanding.
MUMBER SYSTEM- refers to the way of counting things.
OCTAL N U M B E R S Y S T E M - consists of eight digits from 0 to 7. PAN- in the
interconnection of information technology devices with the range of an individual.
KEYTERMS:
PLATFORM - hosts the application software installed in the system.
SYSTEM BU S - is a pathway composed of cables and connectors used to carry data.
USB- is a connection or interface that allows the computer to communicate.
WAN- is geographically distributed private telecommunications network.
WIFI- uses radio waves to transmit wirelessly information across a network.
WIRED COMMMUNICATION- refers to the transmission of data.
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION- is a type data communication that is performed and
deliver e d wirelessly.
HOW COMPUTERS WORK
The basic parts of a computer are the central processing unit (CPU), memory, a keyboard or the
input device and a screen or other output devices.
HOW COMPUTERS INTERPRET DATA
With the different types of number system, it is important to understand how computers
interpret letters on the keyboard.
1. From the keyboard, pressure pads are typically found underneath each key. The information
is then transmitted in the form of 0's and 1's using ASCII code
2. The CPU determines what character has been typed and sends information to the computer
monitor, again in 0's and 1's
3. The monitor displays the information in its equivalent character, this time readable and
understandable by humans.
HOW COMPUTERS COMMUNICATE WITH ONE ANOTHER
Notice how the computer uses different ways to connect to certain devices. The computer
monitor uses a wire to connect to the computer unit while the mouse wirelessly connects to
the laptop. etc
1. System Bus- a computer system, on its own communicates through what is called a System
Bus. A system bus is a pathway composed of cables and connectors used to carry data from a
computers peripheral devices.
2. Data Bus - can transfer data to and from the memory of a computer, or into or out the CPU.
ADDRESSS- IS USED BY THE CPU TO SPECIFY A PHYSICAL
ADDRESS FOR INSTRUCTIONS.
Control Bus - is used by CPU’s to communicate with other devices within the computer system.
As the address bus carries the location of the data being sent and the data bus carries the
actual data being processed.
HOW COMPUTERSCONNECT TO OTHER COMPUTERS
Computer network system -computers are able to communicate with one another over network.
PAN- is a type of connection which is often limited to an individual person and his or her personal
devices
LAN - is a connection in which a group of computers and other devices, such as networks printers.
WAN- may be less restrictive than LAN as rules and policies may differ within its coverage.
METOHODS OF COMMUNICATION Wired Communication- Different type of cables are used to connect
to a given network.
USB
FIREWIRE
ETHERNET CABLE
HDMI
VGA
SERIAL P
PARALLEL
PS/2
Audio Jacks
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
- Include microwave transmission, satellite communication,
cellular transmission, and radio transmission such as Wifi connectivity.
WIFI - USES RADIO WAVESTO WIRELSSLYTRANSMIT INFORMATION ACROSS NETWORK.
BLUETOOTH - uses radio waves to connect to other devices.
HOW HUMANS COMMUNICATE WITH COMPUTERS
Reading a long string of 0's and 1's can be very confusing and taxing.
As such, people who invented the computer identified two areas in computer system.
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
The Computer software is a combination of instructions, data and programs that the
computer needs in order to do a specific task. Another tern used for computer software
is computer Programs. The most common type of programming is called object-
oriented programming. This programming language includes Microsoft C# (see-sharp)
Sun microsystem Java (Hypertext Preprocessor).
SYSTEM PLATFORM
Desktop systems differ from mobile systems in terms of how each platform treats the
application software installed in the system. A desktop or a laptop computer really needs an
application program to run a certain application on.
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
Two of the most popular desktop system software or OS nowadays are Microsoft and Apple’
macOS.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
The table below identifies the different types of application programs and their
corresponding software that are available in the market.
ONLINE APPLICATION SOFTWARE
As previously discussed, application software consists of programs that are designed to
perform specific task for users. Specific application software products, called software
packages.
APPLICATIONS AVAILABLE
1. Any do - a scheduler and reminder notification app Microsoft Office Word, Excel, and Powerpoint
available for free download in both Android and iOS.
2. WPS Office - another office productivity suite that does the same as Mircrosoft word.
3. Adobe Acrobat Reader- a PDF reader and annotation app which lets you view and sign PDF forms.
4. Microsoft Outlook- for reading emails, managing contacts and calendar.
5. Newton Mail- for accessing all email accounts in one “unified inbox”
6. Forge- a mobile drawing app that allows the user to create sketches and edit photos.
HOW COMPUTERSIMPACT EVERYDAYLIFE
The advent of technologies specifically the development of information and communications
technology has changed the lives of people. Computers, for example permeate everyday life as
they are used in various fields, in schools, malls, and hospitals, among others. The following
area show how computers have made such an impact.
1. EDUCATION - Today, most elementary and secondary schools and higher education
institutions have computers in their classrooms.
2. E LEARNING- is the newest teaching methodology in which students and teachers can
communicate and collaborate with each other through online discussion of their lessons.
BANKING
The computer has made all banking transactions around the world easier and more secure. It
manipulates the entire banking system as it includes 24 hour electronic banking services. The service
include:
Automated teller machine (ATM)
Cheque deposit
Electronic fund transfer
Direct deposit
Pay by phone system
Personal computer banking/ internet banking
WORKFORCE INDUSTRY
WORKERS, RESEARCHERS, AND ADMINISTRATORS BENEFIT FROM ICT. COMPUTERS ARE USED TO
EXPEDITE PRODUCTION PLANNING AND CONTROL SYSTEMS, TO SUPPORT CHAIN MANAGEMENT, AND
TO FACILITATE PRODUCTDESIGN IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR.
ELECTRONICCOMMERCE- OR SIMPLYE COMMERCE HELPS BOOST THE ECONOMY WITH
COMPUTERS, INTERNET AND SHARED SOFTWARE AS THE MAIN TOOLS NEEDED, BUYING AND SELLING
ACTIVITIES ARE MADE EASIER, MORE EFFICIENT, AND FASTER.
HOSPITALS- THE USE OF COMPUTERS IN HOSPITALS OFFERS MANY BENEFITSIN BOTH DOCTORS
AND PATIENTS. HOSPITALS ARE CREATING PATIENTS DATABASES PF HEALTH RECORDS, TREATMENT
RECORDS AND MEDICAL RECORDS. ALSO WITH THE HELP OF ICT.
