Unit Two-P1

Rational Expression
and
Rational functions
 Grade 11 Maths Unit 2 Live Revision

Main contents of the Unit No of UEE Questions

From 2003-2016
Rational Expression and Rational Function - ከ2003 በፊት የመጣ አለ
Domain and range of rational Expression and Rational Function 4
Simplifying Rational expressions 4+
Decomposing a given rational expressions as a sum of partial 3
fraction
Solving Rational Equations 6
Solving Rational inequalities ከ2003 በፊት የመጣ አለ
Graph of rational Functions 19
- Behavior of graph of rational functions
 Rational expressions
• Rational expressions are defined as quotients of polynomials.
• Given two polynomial p(x) and q(x) with q(x)≠0. an expression can be expressed in
𝒑(𝒙) 𝒑(𝒙)
the form is called a rational expression. In a rational expression , the
𝒒(𝒙) 𝒒(𝒙)
polynomial p(x) is called numerator and q(x) is called denominator.
 Domain of Rational expressions
𝒑(𝒙) 𝒑(𝒙)
• Given a rational expression , The domain of is {x𝝐ℝ : q(x)≠0)
𝒒(𝒙) 𝒒(𝒙)
 Simplification of Rational expressions
𝒑(𝒙)
• A rational expression is said to be in lowest term or in its simplest form, if only
𝒒(𝒙)
common factor of the numerator p(x) and the denominator q(x) is 1.
 𝒑 𝒙
• Steps to simplify a given rational expression
𝒒(𝒙)
𝒑 𝒙
Step 1: Determine the domain of the expression
𝒒(𝒙)
Step 2: factorize both p(x) and q(x) (if possible) and
Step 3: cancel out the common factors of both p(x) and q(x) to obtain the
Simplified form of the given rational expression.
 1
𝟒− 𝒂−𝟐 𝟐 1−
𝑎2+1
1. Simplified form of 𝒂𝟒 + 𝟐𝒂𝟐 + 𝟏
÷ ………. [UEE 2004]
𝑎
4−1 1 𝑎 4−𝑎
A. B. - C. D.
𝑎 𝑎2(𝑎2+1) 𝑎2+1 𝑎2+1
 𝑥+3 𝑥−3
2. Which of the following is the simplified form of [x- ]÷ 2 ? UEE
𝑥−1 𝑥 −2𝑥+1
[2016 Social science]
𝑥2−2𝑥+1 −1+𝑥
A. , x≠3 B. , x≠ 1 C. X2-1, x≠1, 3 D. x2 − 2𝑥 + 1, x≠1, 3
𝑥−1 𝑥−3
 𝑥2+𝑥 𝑥2+2𝑥+1
3. For x≠ -1 and x≠ 1, the simplified form of ( ÷ )-x is [UEE
2−2𝑥 𝑥2−1
[2014/15]
1 1−𝑥 3 3
A. B. - C. x D. - x
2(𝑥+1) 2 2 2
 𝑎−1𝑏−1
4. What is the simpified form of ? [UEE 2011]
𝑎−3−𝑏−3
𝑎2𝑏2 𝑎2𝑏2 𝑎3−𝑏3 𝑎3−𝑏3
A. B. C. D.
𝑏3−𝑎3 𝑏2−𝑎2 𝑎𝑏 𝑎−𝑏
Operations with Rational expressions
Addition and subtraction of Rational expressions
Decomposition of Rational expression
into Partial fractions
Decomposition of Rational expression into Partial fractions
Steps in Decomposing a given rational expression as a sum of
partial fractions:
Rules
 𝟔𝒙+𝟐
• Decompose as a sum of partial fractions.
𝒙𝟐+𝟔𝒙+𝟓
 𝒙+𝟓
• Decompose as a sum of partial fractions.
𝒙𝟐+𝟒𝒙+𝟒
 𝑥−1 𝐴 𝐵𝑥+𝐶
5. What are respective values of A, B and C, so that = + ? [UEE
𝑥3+𝑥 𝑥 2
𝑥 +1
2003]
A. -1, 1, 1 B. -1, 1, 2 C. 1, -2, 0 D. 3, 1, 2
 𝑥2+𝑥+1
6. The partial fraction decomposition of ? [UEE 2010]
(𝑥+2)(𝑥2+1)
2 2𝑥+1 2 3𝑥+1
A. + B. +
3 𝑥+2 3(𝑥2+1) 5 𝑥+2 5(𝑥2+1)
5 2𝑥+1 3 2𝑥+1
C. + D. +
3 𝑥+2 3(𝑥2+1) 5 𝑥+2 5(𝑥2+1)
 𝑥2+14 𝐴 𝐵 𝑐
7. If 2 = + + 2 , then what are the value of A, B and C
𝑥+2 𝑥−1 𝑥+2 𝑥−1 𝑥−1
respectively ? [UEE 2015]
A. 1, -1, 3 B. 3, -2, 6 C. 2, -2, -5 D. 2, -1, 5
Rational equations
Steps in solving Rational equations
 5 𝑥−1 1
8. What is the solution set of 1 − 2 = - [ UEE 2003 ]
𝑥 +4 𝑥2−𝑥 𝑥
A. {-1, 1} B. {2} C. {-1} D. {1, 2, -1}
9. Which one of the following represent the solution set for the
equation…[UEE 2004]
1 3 6𝑥
= - 2 ?
𝑥−2 𝑥+2 𝑥 −4
A. {-1/2, ½ } B. {-4, 2} C. {-2} D. ∅
 𝟐 𝒙−𝟐 𝟐𝒙 −𝟐
10. The solution set of - =1- ? [UEE 2005]
𝒙 𝒙𝟐−𝟐𝒙 𝟑𝒙 −𝟐
A. {1, -2} B. {1, 2} C. {-1} D. {1}
11. If p(x) = 3x2 and q(x) = x2+x, then what is the solution set of
P(x) 1 1
- = ? [UEE 2006]
𝟑𝒒(𝒙) 𝒙 𝒒(𝒙)

A. {-1, 2} B. {2} C. {-1, -2} D. {-3}

 𝟏
𝟏− 𝒙
𝒙
12. What is the solution set of 𝟏 = 3x2 - 𝟏 [UEE 2008]
𝟏− 𝟐 𝟏+
𝒙 𝒙

A. {1, 1/3} B. {1/3} C. {3,-1/3} D. {-1/3}

13. What is the solution set of [UEE 2009]
1
1 1 𝑥+
𝑥
1 - 1 = 1
1+ 1− 𝑥−
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

A. { -1, 1 } B. { -1, 1 } C. { 1 } D. { }
Rational inequalities
Steps in solving Rational inequalities
Rational function
Rational Function
14. Which of the following is the universal set of the expression [UEE
2013/14]
1 𝑥+1
+
𝑥2 𝑥2+𝑥
A. R \ {0, 1, -1} B. R \ {0, -1} C. R \ {0, 1} D. R \ {0}
15. Which of the following is the universal set of the expression [UEE
2013/14]
1 𝑥+1
+
𝑥2 𝑥2+𝑥
A. R \ {0, 1, -1} B. R \ {0, -1} C. R \ {0, 1} D. R \ {0}
 𝟑𝒙+𝟏
16. Let f(x) = , then what is the range of f(x)? [UEE 2010]
𝒙−𝟐
A. 𝑅 \{2} B. R C. R\{3} D. R\{-1/3}
 2x−1
17. Which one of the following is the range of the function f(x) = ?[
x+3
UEE 2016 Natural science]
A. R \ {2} B. R \ {-3} C. R \ {1/2} D. R \ {-1/3}
Graph of Rational function
 Asymptotes to the graph of a rational function
• Asymptote is a straight line being approached by a curve but never
touching the curve.
• There are three types of asymptotes namely:
 Vertical Asymptotes
 Horizontal Asymptotes
 Oblique Asymptotes
Horizontal Asymptotes
Vertical Asymptotes
Oblique Asymptote
 Note:
𝑥−1
• f(x) =
𝑥−2 2(𝑥+1)
a. As x → -1+ , f(x)→ −∞ b. As x → 2- , f(x)→ ∞
X and Y intercept
Holes
 Finding the Equation of Rational Function From a Graph

1.
 Finding the Equation of Rational Function From a Graph

2.
 Finding the Equation of Rational Function From a Graph

3.
 Finding the Equation of Rational Function From a Graph

4
 Finding the Equation of Rational Function From a Graph

5
18. Which of the following is true about the zero of a function? UEE
[2013/14]
A. It is the critical point of the function.
B. It is the concavity point of the function.
C. It is the x-intercept of the function.
D. It is the y-intercept of the function.
 𝒙𝟐−𝟒𝒙+𝟑
19. The value (S) of x where the graph of y = 𝟑 crosses its horizontal
𝒙 +𝟏
asymptote is(are)………[UEE 2004]
A. X =- 2 B. x=3 and x=1 C. 𝑥 = 0 D. x=√2 and x=1
 𝑥−1
20. f(x) = 2 which of the following is true about f [UEE 2004]
𝑥−2 (𝑥+1)
A. it has an oblique asymptote B. The graph does not meet its asymptote
C. As x → -1+ , f(x)→ −∞ D. As x → 2- , f(x)→ −∞
21. Which one of the following function has no vertical asymptote? [UEE
2005]
𝑥2+1 𝑥2−9 𝑥−1
A. f(x) = ln(x+1) B. f(x) = C. f(x) = D. f(x) =
𝑥3+8 𝑥 −3 𝑥3−𝑥
 𝒙𝟐−𝟏
22. Let f(x) = which of the following is true about f(x)? [UEE 2006]
𝒙−𝒙𝟐
A. x = 0 and x = 1 are its vertical asymptote
B. y = 1 is its horizontal asymptote
C. y = x-1 is its oblique asymptote
D. it is almost the same as the horizontal line y = -1
 𝒙𝟐−𝟏
23. The value (S) of x where the graph of the function y = 𝟑 crosses its
𝒙
horizontal asymptote is(are)………? [ UEE 2007]
A. x = -2 B. x = -1 and x = 1 C. x = 1 D. x = − 2 and x = 1+ 2
24. Which one of the following functions could most likely be drawn as in
the figure 1 below? [UEE 2007]

𝒙+𝟑 𝒙𝟐−𝟐𝒙
A. B.
𝒙+𝟐 𝒙𝟐−𝟒
−𝒙𝟐−𝒙+𝟔 𝒙𝟐+𝒙−𝟔
C. D.
𝒙𝟐−𝟒 𝒙𝟐−𝟒
25. Which one of the following is true about the horizontal asymptote(s) of
𝑥 +2
the graph y = ? [UEE 2008]
𝑥
A. y = 1 and y=-1 are the horizontal asymptotes of the graph.
B. y = 2 is the only horizontal asymptote of the graph
D. y = 1 is the only horizontal asymptote of the graph.
C. y = 2 and y-2 are the horizontal asymptotes of the graph.
 𝑄(𝑥)
26. Suppose f(x)= 2 where Q(x) is a quadratic function. Which one of the
𝑥(𝑥 −1)

following is necessarily true about the graph of f? [UEE 2008]

A. X=0, x=1 and x = -1 are the vertical asymptotes of the graph of f
B. The graph of f does not intersect with its horizontal asymptote
C. The vertical asymptote of the graph of ƒ is only x=-1 if Q(x) = x2 -x.
D. The vertical asymptote of the graph of ƒ is only x=1 if Q(x)= 2x2.
 𝑥3−𝑥
27. Which one of the following is true about the graph of ƒ (x) = [UEE
𝑥3(𝑥−1)
2009]
A. The graph intersects its horizontal asymptote at point (-1,0)
B. The graph intersects the vertical line x = 1 at point (1,2)
C. The vertical asymptotes of the graph are x = 0 and x = 1
D. A horizontal asymptote of the graph is y = 1
 𝟐𝒙𝟑+𝟐𝒙𝟐+𝟑𝒙
28. Which one of the following is true about the graph of f(x) = 𝟐 ?
𝒙 +𝒙
[UEE 2010]
A. The graph has y-intercept at (0,3)
B. The graph has at least one x-intercept.
C. The vertical asymptotes of the graph are at x = 0, and x = -1 but it has no
horizontal asymptote.
D. The vertical asymptote of the graph is only x = -1 and its oblique
asymptote is y = 2x
29. Which one of the following is True about the graph of [UEE 2011]
𝑥2+5𝑥+6
f(x) = +3
𝑥2−4
A. The graph has y-intercept at (0, -3/2)
B. A horizontal asymptote of the graph is y=4.
C. The graph has hole at x=2
B. The vertical asymptotes of the graph are x=-2 and x=2D
 𝑥2−𝑥
30. Let f(x)= 2 which of the following is NOT true about f and its
2𝑥 −𝑥−1
graph? [UEE 2012/13]
A. The graph of f has a hole at (1,1/3) B. x=-1/2 is a vertical asymptote.
C. y= 1⁄2 is a horizontal asymptote. D. f is an even function.
 𝟐𝒙+𝟒
31. Given a rational function f(x) = which of the following is NOT true
𝒙−𝟏
about its graph? The graph has UEE [2012/13]
A. y- intercept (0, -4) B. x- intercept at (-4, 0)
C. Horizontal Asymptote, y=2 D. Vertical Asymptote, x = 1
32. The Graph of a rational function is given as in the figure below

Which of the following is NOT true about the

graph? UEE [2013/14]
A. It is increasing on (−∞,1).
B. It is decreasing on (1,∞).
C. y=0 is its horizontal asymptote.
D. X = 1 is its vertical asymptote.
33. Which one of the following is NOT true about the graph of
|x|
f(x) = 5 + ? UEE [2014/15]
x+1
A. y= 5 +x is its oblique asymptote. B. y= 6 is its horizontal asymptote of f.
C. y= 4 is its horizontal asymptote. D. x= -1 is its vertical asymptote of f.
 x3−4x
34. Given the function f(x) = 3 - 2 , which of the following is Not true
x −x
about f ? UEE [2014/15]
A. it has a hole at x = 0 B. X=1 is its vertical asymptote
C. y= -x+1 is its oblique asymptote. D. it has no horizontal asymptote.
 𝑥3−3𝑥
35. Which of the following line is true about the graph of f(x) = 2 ? [UEE
𝑥 −6
2015]
A. The graph is symmetrical with respect to the y-axis.
B. Its y-intercept is 3.
C. Its x-intercepts are ±√6.
D. The graph is symmetrical with respect to the origin.
 𝑥2−1
36. Which of the following is not true about the graph of g(x) = [UEE
𝑥2+1
2003]
A. The range of g is (−∞, 1) B. 𝑔 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
C. y=1 is a horizontal asymptote D. As x → −∞ , g(x)→ 1
Thank you!!!