#!
/bin/bash --> magaic line
# wich bash
# path ?
# declare -i var_int --> define integare variable
# $x --> value x containe
# declare -i var_int = $x+$y--> define integare variable and give it value
# typeset -i var_int
# z=$(($x+$y)) (or) #typeset -i z=$x+$y
# let var_int = $x+$y--> give value
# env ---> Print local variables in terminal
# bash to open child shell
#day2_1.sh run script in child shell so he don’t know value for var (run
without sourcing (.))
# .day2_1.sh - run script in my shell so it know that var = 20 as I define it
# export variable_name=value make child shell (that will born from my shell
when i run a script) inherit the var from parent shell (script)
# $* --> After script name i will give any number of input then press enter
# echo $$ will print PID
# echo $? will print 0 if last process run fine else print 1
# $0 print script name and path
# if [ condation ];then
#command
elif [ condation ] ;then
#command
else
#command
fi
# if [ condation ]
then
#command
elif [ condation ]
then
#command
else
#command
fi
# test x=="5" &&echo Y || echo N (or) # [ x-eq5 ] &&echo Y || echo N
# read x --> will take value (after run script) from user and store it in x
# echo $x --> print value in x
# read --> will take value (after run script) from user and store it in REPLY
# echo $REPLY
# read -p "plz enter number" x --> will "plz enter number" and take value (after
run script vs $* or $1 or $2 after script name when we run it ) from user and
store it in x
# if [ -f $file_name ];then ---> print next condation if file_name founded
# if [ -d $dir_name ];then ---> print next condation if dir_name foundrd
# $(($var/2) --> do mathematic on int var
# for item in 1 2 3 4 5 6
do
echo $(($item*2))
done
#for item in 1 2 3 4 5 6 (or) # for item in {1..6}
# var="mahmoud ali ahmed"
for item in $var
do
echo $item
done
#for item in "mahmoud" (or) # for item in {array[@]}
# var="mahmoud ali ahmed"
for item in $var
do
echo $item
done
# ls && echo "done" || "error" --> if ls do will prent done
# test "ali"="ali" &&echo "Y" || "N" --> will print N (logical error) becouse
must be space after and befor = --> "ali" = "ali" Note we can use = or ==
# [ "ali"="ali" ] &&echo "Y" || "N" --> will print N (logical error) the same
last error spaces also [space <condatio> space]
#$ x = "ali" -->sentaces error (spaces before and after = only at condation )
# [ "ali" = "ali" -a "x" = "y" ] &&echo "Y" || "N" --> -a (and) -o (or)
# [[ "ali" = "ali" && "x" = "y" ]] &&echo "Y" || "N" --> if we use [[ ]] we can
use && / ||
# [ $Var = "a*" && "x" = "y" ] &&echo "Y" || "N" --> N (logical error)
# [[ $Var = "a*" && "x" = "y" ]] &&echo "Y" || "N" --> N (logical error)
# [[ $Var = "a*" && "x" = "y" ]] &&echo "Y" || "N" --> N (consider * as char from
word) --> literal matching
# [[ $Var = "a*" && "x" = "y" ]] &&echo "Y" || "N" --> Y (Pattern Matching )
# echo "\$x" (or) # echo '$x' -->out $x becouse ' ' ignore any special char
# declare -i num=1+2 (or) # declare -i num="1"+"2" (or) # declare -i num="1+2"
(or) # let num="1"+2 (or) # typeset -i num=1+2 (or) # typeset -i "1"+2 (or) #
num=((1+2)) (or) # num=$(("1"+2))
# x=$(("3"*3))
x=$x+5 -->out 14
# [$num -le 5 ] (or) # (($num <= 5) --> @[] use -lt / -le / -gt / -ge / -eq / -ne
but @(()) use < / <= / > / >= / == / !=
# [[ $z >= 30] -->syntax error
(NOTE) Remmber --> $*(or)$@ --> allarguments / $#--> number of arguments / $n
EX:$1 (first argument)
# read
if [[ $REPLY = [mM]ahmoud ]] ; then -->for Mahmoud or mahmoud must use [[ ]]
#command
# for item in {1..6}
do
echo $item
done
# while true
do
if [[ ... ]]
#command
break
.....
fi
done
# script_name --> run in the same terminal
# . script_name --> run in the child terminal
# case $1 in # $1 --> take on input
"mahmoud" )
echo "engineer"
;;
"ali" )
echo "pepole"
;;
*)
echo "other case"
;;
esac
# export LC_COLLATE=C --> to shell now the difren't bettween capital and small
letter
# shopt -s extglob --> to be able to write --> @([a-z]) we can replace @ by ! or
+ or * or ? the following what all means
# @([a-z]) --> match exactly one
# +([a-z]) --> match one or more
# !([a-z]) --> match all
# ?([a-z]) --> match one or zero
# *([a-z]) --> match zero or more
# set -x -->start debug code
#code
set +x --> stop debug
#code
# my_arr=(1 2 "mah" 'w')
# echo ${my_arr[@]}
# echo ${my_arr[@]:2:2}
# my_arr+=(7 "ali")
# unset my_arr[0]
# arr2=${my_arr[@]/5/10} -->arr2 the same myarr but replace 5 element to 10
# hello(){
echo"hi"
}
hello --> call
# hello{
echo"hi"
}
hello --> call
# note in bash you can use var in fun before you call it but will have no value
and after call fun will update by value in fun
# if you type local var it will be seen only in function
# num=sum --> Error where sum is fun how to do it ? #num=$(sum) or #num=$? then
#echo $num
# y=$(ls) or y=`ls` -->to store ls out in y varible
# my_fun()
{
echo "input argumrnts:" $*
echo "$1+$2+$3"
}
# my_fun 10 20 30 -->call (out--> 60)
