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Software Development Models

The document outlines various Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) models including Waterfall, Prototyping, Agile, and Spiral, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. It emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate model based on project requirements, risk factors, and timelines to ensure an efficient development process. The document highlights that effective management of these models can lead to successful software development.

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27 views5 pages

Software Development Models

The document outlines various Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) models including Waterfall, Prototyping, Agile, and Spiral, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. It emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate model based on project requirements, risk factors, and timelines to ensure an efficient development process. The document highlights that effective management of these models can lead to successful software development.

Uploaded by

bimochandhungel57
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Software Development Models

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a systematic process for


developing any software system. It is a crucial part of software engineering.
To manage the complexity of software development, various SDLC models
have been developed.

1. Waterfall Model
● Phases are organized in a linear order.
● Each phase must be completed before moving to the next.
● The result of each phase is documented and approved.
● Rarely used today due to its rigidity.

Advantages

● Allows for departmentalization and managerial control.


● Each phase progresses in a strict order without overlapping or
iterative steps.

Disadvantages

● Does not allow for much reflection or revision.


● Once an application is in the testing phase, changes are difficult to
implement.
2. Prototyping Model
● Begins with requirement gathering.
● A prototype is developed based on initial requirements.
● Users provide feedback for further refinement.
● The final System Requirements Specification (SRS) document is
prepared after iterations.

Advantages

● Users get a better understanding of software functionality early in


development.
● Regular feedback minimizes last-minute changes.
● Errors can be detected much earlier as the system is developed
incrementally.

Disadvantages

● Prototyping can be costly for developers.


● The initial prototype may become obsolete after finalizing
requirements ("throw-away" prototype).

3. Agile Model
● Focuses on flexibility and efficiency.
● Software is developed in short iterations (sprints).
● Encourages continuous planning, collaboration, and iterative
development.
● Regular feedback is received and implemented.

Stages in Agile Development

1. Planning
2. Requirements Analysis
3. Design
4. Development
5. Unit Testing
6. Deployment

Advantages

● Customers receive a working feature after every iteration.


● Continuous feedback ensures that the final product meets user
expectations.
● Encourages regular interactions between developers and customers.
Disadvantages

● Minimal documentation, which may lead to issues in later stages.


● Constant feature evolution can make the project difficult to conclude.

4. Spiral Model
● Combines iterative development with risk analysis.
● Suitable for large, high-risk projects.
● Structured into multiple loops (iterations).
● Each loop consists of four phases:
1. Planning
2. Risk Analysis
3. Engineering (Design & Development)
4. Evaluation (Customer Feedback & Refinement)

Advantages

● Effective risk management ensures early identification and resolution


of potential issues.
● Changes can be implemented at any stage without significant
disruption.
● Provides early prototypes, reducing the chances of major failures.

Disadvantages
● Can be expensive and complex to manage.
● Requires strong risk analysis skills and experienced teams.

These software development models help organizations choose the best


approach based on project requirements, risk factors, and timelines.
Selecting the right model ensures an efficient and successful software
development process.

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