External Grade

Measurement of
Student Achievement

May 2010 Science

TEST INSTRUCTIONS

Please make sure that you have a separate answer sheet with this
test paper.

Please check that the answer sheet has your details printed on it.
If not, print your name and date of birth on your answer sheet in
the area provided.

Please check that the subject and grade number on your answer
sheet matches this question paper.

This test has 40 QUESTIONS. Each question has four possible

answers. Only one is correct.

Please use a pencil only to shade in the answer bubble of your

choice on your answer sheet.

Choose the correct answer from A, B, C or D and shade this

bubble in on your SCIENCE ANSWER SHEET.

If you make a mistake then rub out your answer completely and
shade in the bubble of your new answer.

All answers must be marked on your ANSWER SHEET. You are

allowed 1 hour and 15 minutes for this test.
 Grade 9 Science

1 What is the formula for sodium chloride (common table salt)?

A Na2Cl2
B NaCl2
C Na2Cl
D NaCl

2 Which statement describes the main ideas in the theory of natural selection?

A Only the most physically fit organisms survive.

B Most organisms can naturally adapt to any environment.
C Organisms best suited to their environment survive and reproduce.
D Offspring inherit useful features gained during their parents’ lives.

3 Which action is most likely to prevent the extinction of an endangered species?

A increased hunting by humans

B the destruction of its habitat
C selective breeding programs
D the reduction of its supply of food

4 What is the reaction between an acid and a base (alkali) called?

A neutralisation
B corrosion
C combustion
D decomposition

5 Key
Key

= male with inherited trait = male with inherited trait

= female without inherited trait
= female without inherited trait

What can we conclude from this pedigree about the inherited trait?

A Male and female offspring are affected equally by this trait.

B Usually only 1 out of every 4 offspring display an inherited trait.
C This inherited trait must be dominant and sex-linked.
D The inherited trait must be recessive.

2
 Grade 9 Science

6 Temperature (K)

25,000 10,000 6,000 3,000

-10
I Supergiants
-5 104
Absolute Magnitude

Giants
0 II 102

Luminosity
Main Sequence
+5 1

III
+10 Dwarfs 10–2

+15 10–4
O B A F G K M
Spectral Class

Stars I, II and III are different colours. What is the reason for this?

A They are different sizes and have different surface temperatures.

B They are from different spectral classes and have different luminosities.
C They are from different spectral classes and have different temperatures.
D They are from similar spectral classes but have similar absolute magnitudes.

7 To lift heavy weights, which simple machine do cranes mostly rely on?

A pulleys
B screws
C wedges
D inclined planes

3
 Grade 9 Science

8 According to Newton’s Laws of Motion, which net force will accelerate a 2 kg object at 5
m/s/s?

A 2N
B 5N
C 2.5N
D 10N

9 This is a stylised representation of a molecule.

This molecule could be

A ammonia (NH3).
B iron oxide (Fe2O3).
C water (H2O).
D hydrochloric acid (HCl).

10 Here is a diagram showing a part of a single strand of DNA.

G A G T C

sugar-phosphate chain

What feature of DNA is shown in this diagram?

A There are only five different base types.

B Bases are all made from amino acids.
C Bases are only able to pair with some other bases.
D Base codes can make more than 50,000 different proteins.

4
 Grade 9 Science

11 last
interglacial
Change in temperature (ºC)

period

–2 present
interglacial
period
–4

–6
1000 800 600 400 200 0
Thousands of years before present

As an ice age approaches, water is taken up into expanding ice caps. During interglacial
periods, ice caps melt and coastal areas flood.

On the basis of this information it could be concluded that

A the current greenhouse effect may result in coastal flooding.

B the current period of warming will even out previous dramatic decreases in
temperature.
C there will be no noticeable change in our environment until temperatures go down
by 4 ºC.
D there will be no significant changes in the environment until temperatures reach at
least –2 ºC.

12 ee ee
p = proton
p = proton
n = neutron
ee e n = neutron
e = electron
e e = electron

e 10 p e
e 10 n
e 10 p e
e
e 10 n
e

e
e

This diagram shows the atomic structure of an element.

e
e
What is its charge?

A 0 (neutral)
B + 10
C – 10
D + 20

5
 Grade 9 Science

13

In this situation, you would predict that

A K will slide under J causing mountains to arise along the edge of J.

B J will slide under K causing underwater trenches.

C Both J and K will lift up causing two mountain ranges.

D Both plates will stop moving without lifting or sinking.

6
 Grade 9 Science

14 Complete this equation.

Sulphuric acid + Calcium hydroxide g Calcium sulphate + ?

A Oxygen
B Hydrogen
C Water
D Carbon dioxide

15 Wasim’s “ball and stick” model of methane (CH4), the simplest hydrocarbon, looked like
this.

C
H
H

What is missing?

A a hydrogen (H) atom

B a carbon (C) atom
C an oxygen (O) atom
D a nitrogen (N) atom

16 How does vaccination work to prevent people from getting sick?

A It creates a physical barrier in the skin against the disease.

B It prepares some body cells to react to a particular disease.
C It makes the person mildly sick with the disease.
D It provides the body with antibodies which cannot be destroyed.

17 What could be placed in the path of rays of white light to create a rainbow?

A a plane mirror
B a prism
C a red filter
D a coloured box

7
 Grade 9 Science

18 Which body system or systems helps the body respond to a stimulus such as touching a
hot object?

A special nerves and fast-acting hormones

B nerves because they act faster than hormones
C hormones because they act more precisely than nerves
D neither nerves nor hormones because it is a reflex

19 What feature should buildings in earthquake-prone areas have?

A a large underground cellar

B a strong and rigid frame
C heavy roof coverings to stop movement
D flexibility so they can sway without breaking

20 Omar mixed some hydrochloric acid (HCl) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH, a base).

What would he have most likely detected?

A a small explosion
B a smelly gas
C soapy bubbles
D a salt and water

21 A farmer has a plantation of very productive date palms.

Why would this farmer prefer to use offshoots rather than seeds to produce more date
palms?

A The offshoots will be the same as the parent plant and so will continue to produce
dates well.
B The offshoots are more developed, and so will produce larger dates.
C Using offshoots enables the farmer to choose mostly male plants, which produce the
dates.
D The offshoots will introduce new genetic material to the farm.

8
 Grade 9 Science

22 Glass has a higher refractive index than air.

Which of the following shows how light will move in this situation?

Air Air Air Air

Glass Glass Glass Glass

Air Air Air Air

A B C D

23 Mangroves, wetlands and swamp areas are often reclaimed for development as they are
considered smelly and unsightly, but removing these wetland environments will affect
the nursery for fish stocks.

Which species could therefore be at risk of extinction?

A the sea birds living in that environment only

B the small fish living in that environment only
C all the types of fish in that environment only
D it would affect all fish and birds in that environment

24 According to the Big Bang Theory, what is happening to our Universe?

A It is expanding quite slowly.

B It is shrinking very quickly.
C It is stable in size and not changing.
D It is being engulfed by a black hole.

25 Which statement describes how a geostationary satellite functions?

A It maintains a fixed position relative to the Sun.

B It stays in the same position in space and does not move.
C It orbits Earth so that it is always above the same point on the Earth's surface.
D It orbits the Sun at the same speed as the Earth so that it remains stable.

9
 Grade 9 Science

26 Over-grazing, deforestation and climate change can lead to the desertification of land.
As a result, some life forms may become extinct.

Which plant species are most likely to survive desertification?

A tall trees
B shrubs
C grasses
D flowering plants

27 Mass extinction of plant and animal species have occurred a number of times in the
Earth's history. The Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event occurred 65 million years ago
and resulted in the end of the dinosaurs. Scientists believe that increased volcanic
activity and massive asteroid impacts may have been responsible for this extinction.

Which effect is most likely to have caused this mass extinction?

A reduced sunlight
B warmer temperatures
C deeper oceans
D strong winds

28 Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) is used in spacesuits and frying pans.

Which property is useful in both space and in everyday life?

A shiny silvery colour

B slippery when wet
C electrical insulator
D unaffected by heat

10
 Grade 9 Science

29
E
Key
P P = proton
N = neutron
P N E = electron
N
E

Scientists have identified three types of radiation: alpha, beta and gamma.
Beta radiation moves quickly and beta particles have a negative charge.

Which atomic particle forms beta radiation?

A proton
B neutron
C electron
D photon

30 Which equation represents the neutralisation of sulfuric acid by sodium hydroxide?

A HNa + SOH g H2O + NS

B H2SO4 + 2NaOH g Na2SO4 + 2H2O
C SO4 + Na + HOX g H2O + NaSOX
D H2O + acid g H2O + base

31 Which of the following correctly categorises these energy sources?

Is a renewable energy Generates significant

source pollution
A oil uranium
B solar coal
C coal solar
D uranium oil

11
 Grade 9 Science

32 A person with a very high singing voice can break a crystal glass if the glass resonates
with the voice.

In order for this to happen, the sound made by the singer must be

A amplified before reaching the glass.

B reflected off the glass.
C able to vibrate the glass.
D increased in speed before reaching the glass.

33 How do rockets accelerate in space?

A They push against the very low concentration of air particles.

B They gain all their acceleration from initial launch.
C They push exhaust gases in the opposite direction to their desired direction.
D They are unable to accelerate in space as it is a vacuum.

34 Hydrogen gas and zinc chloride are produced when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid.

Which symbol equation shows this reaction?

A Zn + HCl g ZnCl2 + H2
B H2 + ZnCl2 g Zn + HCl
C Zn + HCl + ZnCl2 + H2
D H2 g ZnCl2 g Zn g HCl

12
 Grade 9 Science

35 This is a simplified drawing of a section of DNA.

phosphate
sugar

Which statement gives the best description of DNA?

A two straight strands cross over to form a single ellipse

B pairs of phosphate and sugar linked to strands of adenine, guanine, cytosine or
thymine
C there is only one pair of chemicals which is repeated many times along the strand
D paired units of bases linked to coiled strands made of phosphate and sugar

36 Some scientists have questioned whether people’s activities do contribute to the current
period of global warming.

Estimated Mean Global Temperature

16

14
Temperature (ºC)

12

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Years ago (10,000s)

How does this data support the views of these scientists?

A Global temperatures have been virtually unchanged for 100 000 years.
B When viewed over a longer timeframe we can see a pattern of cyclical changes.
C The current average global temperature has not been experienced on Earth before.
D Temperatures have only increased by a very small amount over the past 1000 years.

13
 Grade 9 Science

37 A train was standing at a station. It rapidly accelerated then travelled at 80 km/h before
it slowed to 40 km/h.

Which graph represents this train’s movement?

A B

C D

38 Why do some countries restrict the amount of nitrogen-containing fertilisers that farmers
can use?

A to prevent crops growing too fast in some areas

B to prevent poisoning some farm animals
C to prevent run-off into waterways causing algal blooms
D to prevent too much nitrogen gas being returned to the air

14
 Grade 9 Science

39 An element is an unreactive metal with a high melting point. It can be mixed with a
transition metal to form an alloy.

Where is this element found in the periodic table?

PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS

A

C
D

40 The diagram shows two moving cars both dropping oil on the road. The oil drips out at
the same rate.

From the diagrams, what can be concluded?

A Cars P and Q are both accelerating at the same rate from left to right.
B The net force for car Q opposes its forward movement so it is slowing down.
C Car P is accelerating to the right, while car Q is reversing.
D The net force acting on both cars is the same in size and in direction.

15
Grade 9 Science

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